药学英译短语

UnitOneVitamins1维生素1维生素2水溶性维生素3脂溶性维生素4复合维生素water-solublevitaminfat-solublevitamincompoundvitamins维生素以字母命名Vitaminsarenamedbythelettersofthealphabet.6预防坏血病的维生素CscurvypreventingvitaminC治疗脚气病的维生素B]vitaminB1forcuringberiberi维生素A与生长、发育vitaminAandgrowthanddevelopment维生素A缺乏与眼疾vitaminAdeficiencyandeyedisease10维生素D缺乏与佝偻病lackofvitaminAandrickets维生素B2与皮肤、眼睛和毛发vitaminB2andtheskin,eyeandhair有机营养物organicnutrients维生素为生长、健康所必需Vitaminsareessentialforgrowthandgoodhealth维生素含量高highvitamincontent维生素缺乏症vitamindeficiencysyndrome16新鲜水果、蔬菜、蛋、奶、鱼肝油、米糠、豆子、谷类等富含多种维生素Freshfruits,vegetables,eggs,milk,fishliveroil,ricehusksbeans,cereals,etc.arerichinvitamins.Unit3Anesthetics麻醉剂和镇静药anestheticandsedative针刺麻醉 acupunctureanesthesia3在脂肪和水中的溶解度solubilityinfatsandwater作用于神经havingeffectonthenerves物理和化学性质 physicalandchemicalproperty对痛不敏感 insensitivetopain无信号通过神经传至大脑Nomessagearetransmittedtothebrainthroughnerves通过呼吸道给麻醉药administrationthroughrespiratorytract注入脊柱射（给药）beinjectedintospine麻醉作用anestheticaction过多地破坏脂肪和神经组织destructionoftoomuchfattyandnervetissue不同麻醉剂的不同生理作用varyingphysiologicaleffectsofthedifferentanesthetics吸入乙醚inhalationofether深度松弛deeprelaxation失去知觉，术后恢复知觉lossofconsciousness/unconscious,toregainconsciousnessafteroperation无术后恶心症状freefrompostoperativenauseaUnit4Howdoesthehumanbodyfightdiseases?1肺炎、肺结核1肺炎、肺结核2细菌释放毒素3皮肤和粘膜4炎症5聚集在感染部位6红、肿、热、痛gatherattheplaceofinfectionredness,swelling,heatandpain抗感染 fightagainstinfection吞噬、消化微生物engulfanddigestmicrobes淋巴管 lymphvessels抗体、抗原 antibodyandantigen抗毒素 antitoxin人工免疫artificialimmunityUnit5Greenpharmacy—herbalmedicine绿色药物--草药greenpharmacy-herbalmedicine中草药Chinesematerialmedica中医、中药traditionalChinesemedicineandChinesemedicinals开处方writeaprescription药店销售的处方药、非处方药prescribeddrugandOTCdrug(over-the-counterdrug)6心脏病药cardiacdrug止痛药painkiller抗疟疾药anti-malarial抗炎药anti-inflammatorydrug标准化的化学药物astandardizedchemicalmedicine药物成分medicalconstituents病机diseasemechanism疗效therapeuticeffect/effect/efficacy植物药plant-deriveddrugs合成的衍生物和变异体syntheticderivativesandvariants植物的生物活性成分biologically-activeplantconstituents粉剂、浓缩剂和冲剂power,extractandinfusion分离、提取有效成分isolateandabstractactiveconstituents19高血压、失眠、精神疾病hypertension,insomniaandmentaldisease特有的药性characteristicpharmacologicalproperties民间医学folkmedicineUnitSixIntroductiontoorganicchemistry有机、无机化学organicandinorganicchemistry物理化学 physicalchemistry生物化学 biochemistry化学符号和结构式chemicalsymbolsandformulas电子、离子、原子、分子electron,iron,atomandmolecule分子量molecularweights7元素周期表periodictable运用符号和概念的方法methodsofmanipulatingsymbolsandconcepts化学反应 chemicalreaction有机化合物 organiccompounds二氧化碳 carbondioxide含有碳元素的物质substancecontainingcarbon合成物质 syntheticmaterials大量的原料abundantrawmaterials品质更佳、用途更广、优势独特superiorqualities,greaterversatility,anduniqueadvantagesLesson8DevelopmentofNewDrugs(I)生产特效药toproducethenoveltherapeuticagents由天然植物资源提取toextractfromnaturalplantsandanimalsources化学合成药adrugsynthesizedchemically人工生产药物agentsproducedartificially药物的特异作用及毒性specificityofactionandtoxicity基因工程的发展developmentofgeneticengineering单克隆抗体monoclonalantibody8beta受体阻断剂betareceptorblocker9实验药理学 experimentalpharmacology10几种模型包括：细胞培养或细菌培养，部分提取酶或亚细胞间质，分离的组织，灌注的器官完整的动物severalmodelsinclude:cellcultureorbacteria,partiallypurifiedenzymesorsubcellularparticles,isolatedtissues,perfusedorgans,intactanimals11慢性毒性实验chronictoxicitytesting 12代谢方法patternsofmetabolism疗程durationoftreatment实验组、对照组、安慰剂组、空白组、theexperimentalgroup，controlgroup,placebogroupanduntreatedgroup临床指症clinicalindication16生化药理学 biochemicalpharmacologyFDAFoodandDrugAdministrationLesson8DevelopmentofNewDrugs(II)临床评价clinicalevaluation/assessment2毒理研究toxicologicalstudies化学纯度和药物稳定性chemicalpurityandpharmaceuticalstability4罕见的疾病、威胁生命、不治之症rarediseases,life-threateninganduntreatablediseases无严重症状与毒性withoutserioussymptomsortoxicity6药物剂量的研究dose-rangingstudies施药(给药)drugadministration/administrationofdrugs临床试验许可证CTCclinicaltrialcertificate单盲或双盲试验singleblindordoubleblindexperiment副作用adverseeffect,side-effect,unhealthyeffect促销marketingandpromotion医药代表representativeofthepharmaceuticalmanufacturerUnit10Minimuminformationforsensibleuseofself-prescribedmedicines1最有效地用药usemedicinetothebesteffect非处方药(自用药)self-prescribedmedicine药品说明书packageleaflet,insert,directions提醒使用者所有可能的有害作用warningtheuseraboutallthepossibleharmfuleffects5常见的、严重的、罕见的副作用common,seriousandrareside-effect药理学家、临床药剂师pharmacologistandclinicalpharmacist标准的专利名、非专利名standardproprietarynamesandnon-proprietarynames用于缓解轻度疼痛症状forsymptomaticreliefofminorachesandpains消炎torelieveinflammation（止痛）的首选量、推荐量preferreddoseorrecommendeddoseforpain成人剂量的一半one-halfadultdose将药片碾碎或溶于水crushordissolvetabletsinwater13如可能，同奶一起服用（用奶送服）或饭后服Takewithmilkifpossible,orafterfood胃不适、烧心、胃出血stomachdiscomfort,heartburn,stomachbleeding耳鸣、眩晕ringingintheearsanddizziness药品说明书【药品名称】DrugName通用名称：GenericName商品名：TradeName化学名（ChemicalName）英语名：EnglishName汉语拼音：HanyuPinyin【成份】Composition【性状】Description【功能主治】ActionsandIndications/［适应症】Indications【规格】Specification【用法用量】AdministrationandDosage【不良反应】UnwantedEffects/Adverse/SideEffects【禁忌】Contraindications【注意事项】Warning/Caution【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】Womeninpregnancyandlactation【儿童用药】Children【老年用药】TheElderly【药物相互作用】Interaction【临床试验】ClinicalExperiment【药理毒理】PharmacologicalToxicology【药代动力学】Pharmacokinetics【贮藏】Storage【包装】Package【有效期】Validity【执行标准】TheImplementationofStandards【批准文号】ApprovalNumber【生产企业】Manufacturer企业名称：生产地址：Address邮政编码：Code电话号码：Tel传真号码：Fax注册地址：RegisteredAddress网址：Website中医方剂剂型常用的英译表述如下：1）汤剂decoction2）散剂powder3）丸剂bolus（大丸），pill（小丸）4）油膏剂paste,ointment,plaster 流浸膏liquidextract浸膏extract煎膏decoctedpaste软膏ointment,paste硬膏plaster5） 药露syrup6）锭剂troche,lozenge7）糖浆剂syrup8）片剂tablet9）冲服剂granule 10）针剂injection11）栓剂suppositoryLesson11TheScopeofPharmacology药物的物化性质physicalandchemicalproperties化合及生化生理作用compounding,biochemicalandphysicaleffects作用机理mechanismofaction4具有广博的植物学知识haveabroadbotanicalknowledge药物制剂medicinalpreparation生药学，药理学pharmacognosy,pharmacology剂型dosageform8药物动力学研究药物吸收、分布、生化和排泄。Pharmacokineticsdealswiththeabsorption,distribution,biotransformation,andexcretionofdrugs.9对于药物的生化、生理作用以及药物作用机制的研究就称为药效学。Thestudyofthebiochemicalandphysiologicaleffectsofdrugsandtheirmechanismofactionistermedaspharmacodynamics.构效关系structure-activityrelationship11药物治疗学指防治疾病过程中用药的研究。Pharmacotherapeuticsdealswiththeuseofdrugsinthepreventionandtreatmentofdisease.12毒理学是药理学的一方面，研究药物的副作用。Toxicologyisthataspectofpharmacologythatdealswiththeadverseeffectsofdrugs.Unit13 Theothersideofantibiotics1神奇的抗生素消除或控制许多感染性疾病 Themiracleantibioticshaveeliminatedorcontrolledmanyinfectiousdiseases.2抗生素的不足及潜在的危险theinadequaciesandpotentialdangers迫使医生开抗生素pressurethedoctorsintoprescribingantibiotics随意使用、滥用抗生素casualuseandabuseofantibiotics抗生素不只是处方药Antibioticsarenotexclusivelyprescriptiondosages.剂型formsofmedicines7喷鼻剂、糖锭、乳膏、软膏nasalsprays,troches,creamsandointment