2023北京东城高一（下）期末英语

2023北京东城高一（下）期末英语本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共三节，38分）第一节选词填空（共13小题；每小题1分，共13分）A请用方框中的单词或短语完成句子，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置。decoratebeyondgenerousintelligentfunctionkeeptrackoftryoutadaptto1.It'sveryofyoutolendmeyourbook.Themachinedoesn'twellincoldweather.After30years,thetownhaschangedrecognition.Anyonewithmusicaltalentcanforthecompetition.Whenimportantfestivalsapproach,wewillthehouses.EverytimeIgooutforawalk,Iusethisapptomysteps.Tobecomeanastronaut,youmustbeenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.Scientistsareconcernedthatit'sdifficultforanimalstotheclimatechange.B请用方框中单词的正确形式完成句子，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置。extinctdefiniteequipusualenergyWorkingoutregularly,heisalways.Nevergoclimbingwithouttheproper.Theboy'sbehaviourpuzzledthedoctor.Manyendangeredspeciesarenowfacingthedangerof.Itwasanamazingatmosphere一thebestoneI'veeverexperienced.第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。GusWhitewasdrivinghomefromworkwhenhespottedapairofdogsintheflashofhisheadlights.Itwassnowingsohard.Whatweretheydoingouthere,whenitwastoo14fordogstogooutside?Gusparkedhistruckandapproachedtheanimals.He15hishandstothem,whichmadenoefforttoescape.Heplacedthedogsonthepassengerseatandtheyweresnuggled（依偎）togetherthere.Gustookapictureofthepairand16ittohiswife,KatieWhite.Thenhecalledthe17fromthedogs'IDtags.Amananswered.gavethosedogsaway,“themansaid.“Well,doyouwantthemback?”"No."Themanhungup.Thesedogswere18inthisworld.Guslookedoverat

them,theirlargeeyesbegging.HecalledKatie."Bringthemhome"，shesaid.TheWhitespreparedabedforthedogs,alsosettingoutfoodandwater.Asaboy,Gushaddreamedofowningdogsbut19thispairwasoutofthequestion-theWhitesalreadyhadafamilydog.Thenextday,theytookthedogstoa20todropthemoff-ononecondition."Tmnotsigningthedogsovertoyouifyou'regoingto21themJKatiesaid.Theshelterworkerspromisedherthey'dkeepthecoupletogether.Inthedaysfollowing,Katiephonedtheshelter22tocheckuponPepperandCooper.Soon,thedogswereadopted,asapair,toalovingfamily.It'sasimplestorybutitspeakstothebestofourA.wetA.reachedoutA.handedB.lateB・spreadoutB-tookA.policeA.importantA.keepingIt'sasimplestorybutitspeakstothebestofourA.wetA.reachedoutA.handedB.lateB・spreadoutB-tookA.policeA.importantA.keepingA.shopA.leaveA.unwillinglyB-passengerB-fearlessB.curingA.power23.windygaveoutsentnamefriendlyattendingparkseparaterepeatedlyknowledgeC.C.C.C.C.C.B. shelter C.B. adopt C.B. casually C.B.natureC.D.coldD.pushedoutD.donatedD.numberD.homelessD.trainingD.streetD.treatD.hardlyD.worth第三节语法填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AIn2009,Whitacrereceivedavideoofagirl24wassingingoneofhisworks.Inspired,heaskedhisfans25(make)videos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintooneperformance.Hisfirstvirtualchoirhad185singers2612differentcountries.IthasreceivedmillionsofviewsontheInternet.Sincethen,thevirtualchoir27(become)aworldwidephenomenon.BIn1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital,butjustafewmonthslater,thedepartment28(close)becauseofthewar.29(think)ofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.Shechargedverylowfeestotreatpatientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.Attimesshewasevenseen30(ride)adonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.CTheDragonBoatFestivalisatraditionalChineseholiday31(celebrate)bymanypeopletoday.It32(fall)onthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth.Therearemanyactivitiesandcustoms,suchas33(race)dragonboats.Itisalsoanoccasionforfamiliestogatherandforpeopletopayrespecttothefamouspoet,QuYuan.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，30分)第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFamilydaysoutcanbeexpensivebutit'spossibletosticktoabudgetduringthesummerholidaysbytakingadvantageofthefollowingactivities.OutdooractivitiesAtBrimhamRocks,thereisaone-hourrockexploreractivityon14July.Theactivityisfree,althoughcarparkingchargesapplyfornon-NationalTrustmembers.Whilegettingoutintonaturehaslotsofbenefits,sometimesyouneedanextraactivitytokeepthingsinteresting.Forexample,theWoodlandTrustishostingatreeplantingeventatYonderOakWood,nearExmouthinDevon.Therearemorningandafternoonsessionson18and19July.Itisfreetoattendbutonlinebookingaheadoftimeisessential.RainhamMarshes,theRSPBnaturereserveinPurfleet,Essex,isrunninganartsprogrammeforchildrenagedthreetotenon14July.Youcansignuponlineandticketscost£3.Itisalsohostingpond-dippingactivitieson15July(upto£5.50).Arts,craftsandmuseumsForLondonersorthosevisitingthecapitalduringtheholiday,theSouthbankCentreishostingtheImagineChildren'sFestival(until18July),wheremanyeventsarefree,includinghip-hopdanceworkshops,andlivemusicshows.TheTateModernishostingThreads,afreefamilyeventrunningfrom11-19Julywhereyouworktogethertocreateyourownartworkusingcolorfulthreadsandtextiles.TheRoyalAirForceMuseumLondon(freeentry)inHendonhasarangeoffreeactivitiesonofferoverthesamedates,includingarobot-codingworkshop,aradarmathschallengeandtotebagmaking.AndtheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminSouthKensingtonisrunningfreeChinesethemedeventsincludingadrop-inworkshopforfamilieswhereyoumakeatraditionalChinesekite(15-17July).Whereisthetreeplantingeventheld?A.AtBrimhamRocks. B.AtYonderOakWood.C.InRSPBnaturereserve. D.IntheSouthbankCentre..WhatcanyoudoattheImagineChildren'sFestival?A. Takedanceclasses. B. Createan artwork.C. Learnrobot-coding. D.MakeaChinesekite.Thepassageisintendedfor.A. artists B. teachers C. guides D.parentsBHibernationisnotjustsleep.Whilewesleep,ourbrainsfireupandbecomehighlyactive;inhibernation,onthecontrary,brainactivitycompletelyslowsdown.Thebodytemperatureofhibernatinganimalsalsodrops,insomecasesclosetothefreezingpoint.Cells侈田胞)stopdividingandheartratedecreasestotwobeatsperminute.Yet,onceit'stimetowakeup,hibernatinganimalscomebacktolifewithoutanysignificantsideeffectslikefreezing,muscleloss,orlossofbonedensityduringthelongwintermonths.Thesame,however,can'tbesaidaboutpeoplewhowakeupfromlong-termmedicalcomas(昏迷),oreventhosewhohavetostayinbedforlongperiodsoftime.Suchpeople,justlikeastronautsinmicrogravity,wouldsufferfromawiderangeofsideeffectsthatcomefromnotactivelyusingtheirbodies.Scientistsarethereforelookingintohibernationresearchwiththeaimofdevelopingwaystocausehibernationinfuturespaceastronauts.Recently,KellyDrew,aprofessorofchemistryandbiochemistry,hasbeenrewardedforhisresearch.TheideaisthatratherthanhavingastronautssitformonthsinatinyMars-boundcapsule,consumingfood,waterandair,andgraduallywastingawayfromnotdoingmuchinmicrogravity,apartofthecrewmemberscouldbeplacedintohibernation.Thehibernatingastronautswouldn'tneedanyfoodorwaterandcouldmanagewithmuchlessair-yettheywouldwakeupwiththeirbonesandmusclesinamuchbetterconditionthanthoseoftheirawakecounterparts.“Thisresearchcouldbeusedtohelpfuturemissions,fromtheextremeofmedicallycausedhibernationforlongtermspacemissions,protectingastronautsfromcabinfever,radiation,andmuchmoreJhesaid."Itcouldalsoproveeffectiveinpreventingmuscleandbonelossinzerogravity.,,Thestateofhibernationcouldalsohelpinthemedicalsettingtohelpprotectpatientssufferingfromlifethreateningconditionssuchasheartattacksandstrokes.“Thiscouldmeanthatpatientswhohavesufferedfromastrokeorheartattackcouldbeplacedinmedicallycausedhibernationuntiltheycanbetransportedtoahospitaltoreceivecare,whichcouldsignificantlyimprovemedicaloutcomes/,thescientistsaid.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph1?A.Theworkingprinciplesofhibernation. B.Theuniquefeaturesofhibernation.C・Themajorreasonsforhibernation. D.Thesideeffectsofhibernation.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterparts''inParagraph3referto?A.Bonesandmuscles.B.Brains. C.Astronauts. D.Patients.Whatwillscientistsprobablydointhefutureresearch?A.Studyhibernatinganimalsinspacemissions. B.Findwaystoputpeopleintohibernation.C.Improvemedicaltreatmentsforpatients. D.Seekcuresforlife-threateningdiseases.CWillchatbotsthatcangeneratefascinatingarticlesdestroyeducationasweknowit?NewYorkCity'sDepartmentofEducationrecentlybanned（禁止）theuseofChatGPT."Whilethetoolmaybeabletoprovidequickandeasyanswerstoquestions/9saystheofficialstatement,"itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinkingskills,whicharenecessaryfbracademicandlifelongsuccess.”Banningsuchuseoftechnologyfromtheclassroomisanearsightedresponse.Instead,wemustfindawayforwardinwhichsuchtechnologiescombinewellwith,ratherthanreplace,studentthinking.BanningChatGPTisimpossibleinpractice.Studentswillfindwaysaroundtheban,whichwillcauseafurtherdefensiveresponsefromteachersandadministrators,andsoon.It'shardtobelievethatacloseracebetweenthosedigitalnativesandtheireducatorswillendinadecisivevictoryforthelatter.Tnfact,chatbotsmaywellspeedupatrend（趋I向）towardvaluingcriticalthinking.Inaworldwherecomputerscanfluentlyansweranyquestion,studentsneedtogetmuchbetteratdecidingwhatquestionstoaskandhowtofact-checktheanswerstheprogramgenerates.Sohowdoweencourageyoungpeopletousetheirmindswhenrealthinkingissohardtotellapartfromitssimulacrum（假象）？Teachers,ofcourse,willstillwanttowatchstudentstakingold-fashioned,in-person,no-chatbot-allowedexamstocheckthattheydonotcheat.Butwemustalsofigureouthowtodosomethingnew:howtousetoolslikeGPTtoinspiredeeperthinking.GPToftengeneratestextthatisfluentand“reasonable“一butwrong.Sousingitrequiresthesamementalheavyliftingthatwritingdoes:forminganopinion,creatinganoutline,pickingwhichpointstoexplainandwhichtodrop,andlookingforsupportingfacts.GPTcanhelpwiththosetasks,butitcan'tputthemalltogether.Writingagoodessaystillrequireslotsofhumanthoughtandwork.Indeed,writingisthinking,andgoodwritingisgoodthinking.Oneapproachistofocusontheprocessasmuchastheresult.Forinstance,teachersmightrequirefourdraftsofanessay.Afterall,asJohnMcPhee,thefamouswriter,said,“thecentralnatureoftheprocessisrevision.Eachdraftgetsfeedbackfromtheteacher,frompeersorevenfromachatbot.Thenthestudentsproducethenextdraft,andsoon.WillAIonedayoutperformhumanbeingsinthinking?Maybe,butfornow,wemustthinkforourselves.Likeanytool,GPTisanenemyofthinkingonlyifwefailtofindwaystomakeitourpartner.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheban?A・Understandable.B.Irresponsible.A・Understandable.B.Irresponsible.C.Unwise.D.Necessary.WhyisitimpossibletobanChatGPTinpractice?Becausestudentsaredigitallyfluent.C.BecauseChatGPTwillkeepdeveloping.Becausestudentsaredigitallyfluent.C.BecauseChatGPTwillkeepdeveloping.Becauseschoolswilldefendtheban.D.Becausepeopletreasurecriticalthinking.HowdoestheauthorexplainhisideainParagraph6?A.Byquotingothers.B.Bypresentingfacts.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byshowingsimilarities.A.Byquotingothers.B.Bypresentingfacts.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byshowingsimilarities.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.IsGPTaprocessoraresult?B.WillGPToutperformstudents?A.IsGPTaprocessoraresult?B.WillGPToutperformstudents?D.HowcanChatbotsserveeducation?C.WhyChatbotsbecomeanewtrend?D.HowcanChatbotsserveeducation?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthe17thcenturywhenaBritishbusinessmanheardthattherewereonehundredmillionpeopleinChina,hewasdeterminedtogothereandsellspoons.Hethoughtevenifhecouldearnonepennyforonespoon,hewouldstillmakealotofmoney.44Then,whydotheChinesepeopleusechopsticks?SomepeopledidresearchontheoriginofChina'schopsticks.OnetheoryisthatchopstickswereveryconvenientforChinesetousebecauseChinawasanagriculturalsociety,relyingmainlyonvegetablesforfood.Whenwesteamedorboiledfood,itwasdifficultforustousespoonstodipvegetablesinthesoup.45Westerners,ontheotherhand,travelledwiththeiranimalsfromplacetoplaceandlivedonmeat.Forthem,knivesandforksweremorepractical.Chopsticksreflectgentlenessandkindness,themainmoralteachingofConfucianism.46First,don'tuseittohitthesideofyourbowlorplatetomakenoises,becauseChinesepeoplethinkonlybeggarswoulddothistobegformeals.47Itmeansyoulaytheblameonothers.Also,don'tstickyourchopsticksuprightinthericebowl.Thatusuallyappearsatthefuneralsandisbelievedtobeimpolitetothehostandtheseniorswhoareatthetable.Today,chopstickshavebecomeatypicalpartofChineseculture,symbolisingthepowerofunity.48However,tenpairsofchopsticksrepresentstrength,whichmeanstheywon'tbreakoffinanycases.WeChinesepeopledrawonthisspirit,whichalwaysinspiresandencouragesustoworkhandinhandforabetterfuture.Asaresult,spoonsweredesignedandprefeiredbyWesterners.Buttohissurprise,theChinesepeopleusechopsticks,notspoons.Therefore,Chinesepeoplecleverlyinventedchopstickstopickfood.Besides,neverpointatpeoplewithyourchopstickswhileusingthem.Indeed,onechopstickisuselessandsodelicatethatitcanbebrokenreadily.Sothesevirtueshavegraduallybecometherulespeoplefollowintheirdailylife.Therearesomerulesaboutusingchopsticksthatyoushouldpaygreatattentionto.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第49、50题各2分，第51题3分，第52题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Formost12-year-olds,anyfreetimeafterschoolisspenthangingoutwithfriends,competinginsports,orplayingvideogames.ButAlejandroBuxtonhasanotherdream:makingall-naturalcandlesthathesellsonlineandatalocalmall.Theideawasinspiredbyhismother,whohadtogiveupmanyofthescentedcandlesshe'dfilledtheirhomewithafterrealizingthechemicalswithinthemwereworseningherallergies（过敏），causingherfrequentheadaches.So,in2019,atjust9yearsold,theboystartedexperimentingwithmakinghisown,mixingingredientslikesoyandcoconutwaxeswithessentialoils.Hecalledhisfirstwork“JurassicOrange/9foritscolorandpleasantsmell.Thoughhismotherwasabigfan,andthescentdidn'tcauseherheadtoache,Buxtonwantedtoimproveupon