2021-2022学年北京市西城区161中学高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷

注意事项

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第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.—WillittakemelongtogettotheSunshineHotel?

一No,ittakeyoulong.It'snottherushhournow.

A.shouldn'tB.shan't

C.mustn'tD.needn't

2.sheisnotsohealthysheusedtobe?

A.Whyisitthat;whatB.Whyitisthat;that

C.Whyisitthat;asD.Whyitisthat;who

3.Jennynearlymissedtheflightdoingtoomuchshopping.

A.asaresultofB.ontopof

C.infrontofD.inneedof

4.henewly-discoveredstarwasnamedaChineseastronomerhiscontributionstoastronomy.

A.for;infavorofB.after;inhonorof

C.by;inmemoryofD.as;inpraiseof

5.Ineedtobemorematureandreadytomymistakes.

A.holdontoB.cutofTC.makeupforD.takeup

6.Thedesksinourclassroomaresoclosetogetherthatthereisnotenoughroomtomovethem.

A.betweenB.inC.acrossD.over

7.Thelaptopsmadebyourcompanysellbest,butnobodycouldhaveguessedtheplaceinthemarketthatthey

20yearsago.

A.hadhadB.hadC.werehavingD.weretohave

8.Thatchildrenmeetwithsetbacksisamatterofnecessityasthey,soparentsdon'tworryaboutthat.

A.shall;grewupB.must；grewupC.can;growupD.will;growup

9.WhothefightagainsttheH1N1fluitnotbeenfortheChinesescientists9greatefforts?

A.couldhavewon;hadB.wouldwin;hadC.wouldhavewon;hasD.couldwin;has

10.Scientistshaveintroducedanewmodelof3Dprinter,differsfromtheexistingonesincertainaspects.

A.asB.whichC.whoD.that

11.IfIitwithmyowneyesJwouldn'thavebelievedit.

A.didn'tseeB.weren'tseeing

C.wouldn'tseeD.hadn'tseen

12.Manydevelopingcountriesareunwillingtopursuetheireconomicdevelopmentdestroyingtheenvironment

despitetherebeingseveralfinancialcrises.

A.attheriskofB.atthecostofC.attheendofD.atthemercyof

13.tomanagetimewisely,andyoucanmakethemostoutofeachday.

A.LearningB.Tolearn

C.LearnedD.Learn

14.Eachpartyrespectthearticlesofthiscontract,oradouble-sizedfinancialpunishmentisamust.

A.willB.couldC.shallD.should

15.Ithoughtithardtocompletetheprojectatfirst,butImymind.

A.changeB・havechanged

C.hadchangedD.wouldchange

16.一Idroppedbyat6:00pmyesterdaybutfailedtoseeyouatyourhouse.

—Iinagymatthattime.

A.wasexercisingB.amexercising

C.haveexercisedD.hadexercised

17.Wecametothestationalltheway,onlythetrainhadjustleft.

A.running,toldB.torun,telling

C.torun,tobetoldD.running,tobetold

18.—TurnofftheTV,Jack.Yourhomeworknow?

…Mum,justtenmoreminutes,please.

A.Shouldyoubedoing

B.Couldn'tyoubedoing

C.Shouldn'tyoubedoing

D.Willyoubedoing

19.WhenIsaidsomeonebroketheschoolregulations,Iyou.Whydidyougetthatangry?

A.don'trefertoB.haven'treferredtoC.wasn'treferringtoD.hadn'treferredto

20.—Ifeltitverydifficulttocarryontheworkallbymyself.

—Icouldhavehelpedyou,butyoumeto.

A.hadn'taskedB.didn?taskC.haven'taskedD.don9task

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）ThemorningsheleftforCampKanawa,Mariaawokewithanacheinherstomach.Shehadgoneon

plentyofparties.She'devenspentawholeweekendatAuntJolieandUncleEd's・Sowhathappenedtoher?

Nobreakfasttoday,shethought,imaginingtheacheturningintothrowingupandahorribleroadtripafterafull

meal.Asusual,MariafelthungryassoonastheroomsmelledofFrenchtoast.Ontheotherhand,maybeagood

breakfastwasexactlywhatsheneeded.

“There'smybigcamper!”saidhermom.Then,shewalkedtothestove,placedtwopiecesofFrenchtoastonaplate

andpowderedsugarsnowingdown.66Justlikeyoulikeit."Atthemeanwhile,Mariawasalreadyinposition,armed

withknife,fork,napkinandfullglassofmilk.

“Getstartedwhileit'§hot.Yourfather'scomingdowninaminute.Itoldhimtoshave.Don'twantthebear-I

mean,thebushyblackbeard/?

"Okay,okay,“Maria'sdadsaidwithasmile.“Cleanasawhistle.Justlikeyouordered.”

“Really?”Maria'smomshrugged（耸肩）•

“Ithinkit飞fashionable,“Mariasaid,dippingabiteinsomesyrup（糖桨）.

“Well,youroldmanisfashionable,,'herdadsaid,movinghisheadthewayhedidwhenhewantedtolooklikea

coolsurfermanbutlookedmorelikeanEgyptianrobot.uInfact,Iwasthemostpopularkidatmycamp.,'

“Fortherecord,itwasasciencecamp,,'Maria'smotherremindedher;lookingherstraightintheeyes."Inall

seriousness,Maria,popularityisnotimportantandfindingthepeoplewholikeyouforyou—that'swhatmatters.”

“Yourmomspeaksthetruth,Sugar/'saidMaria'sdad,wipinghisthickbeardwithanapkin."Justbeyourself.

You'lldefinitelyenjoyit.

1、WhatprobablyledtoMaria'shesitationtoeatbreakfast?

A.Thelackofadequatenutrition.

B.Theconcernaboutfeelingsick.

C.TheinvitingsmellofFrenchtoast.

D.Theworryaboutgettingoverweight.

2、WhatisMaria'sattitudetowardsherfather'sbeard?

A.Favorable.B.Disapproving.

C.Concerned.D.Uncaring.

3、WhydidMaria*smotherremindherthatherfatherwenttoasciencecamp?

A.ToadviseMarianottofocusonpopularity.

B.TosharehersimilarexperiencewithMaria.

C.ToemphasizetheimportanceofsciencetoMaria.

D.TopersuadeMarianottodiscusssubjectsexceptscience.

4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Father9sbeardB.Awonderfulbreakfast

C.FamilytalkaboutacampD.Maria'sdreamtobeabigcamper

22.(8分)WheretoDineonaBudgetWithKidsinLondon?

Wheretodineonabudgetwithkids?ThesefourLondonrestaurantsareaswelcomingastheyarewallet-friendly.

♦BarbicanKitchenattheBarbicanCentre

Europe'slargestmulti-artsvenueishometocinemas,atheatre,aconcerthallandgalleriessothereareplentyof

waysforfamiliestoworkupanappetitebeforerefuelingattheBarbicanKitchen.Thisgroundfloorrestaurantservesa

rangeoflightbites,hotsandwichesandhandmadepizzasandchildrenunder12eatfreewitheveryadultorderinga

mainmeal.

♦StickyFingers,Kensington

StickyFingersinKensingtonisarockn'rollrestaurantthatservesclassicAmericandishes.Thekid'smenu(for

under12s)isjust£7.95forameal,adrinkandadessertandifyouvisitonaMondayyoucantakeadvantageofthe

“MondayMadness95promotionforupto50%offallmaincoursesforadults.Don'tleavewithoutexploringtheRolling

Stonessouvenirsincludinggolddiscs,guitarsandphotosoftheband.

♦Jamie'sItalina,VariousLocations

TopBritishchef,JamieOliverknowsathingortwoaboutcateringforchildren.Thereareoften“kidscatfree”

promotionsrunningduringschoolholidaysbuttheregularkidsmenuisonly£6.50foramaindish,asaladandadrink.

Activitypacksareavailableforkidsandthe2-courselunchdealforgrown-upsisabargainat£11.95.

♦VauxhallCityFarmCafe

CombineadaywiththeanimalsandlunchwiththefamilyatVauxhallCityFarm,acommunityspacehometo

horse,pigs,goatsandcamels,EnjoylunchattheOldDairyCafewhichservesaffordablesandwiches,soups,salads,

cakesanddishesfromaweeklyspecialsmenu.Halfportionsofeverythingareavailableforkidsforaround£2.

1、WhatareyouexpectedtodobeforeeatingatBarbicanKitchen?

A.Eatlightfood.

B.Orderamainmeal.

C.Enjoyartandentertainments.

D.Developanappetiteforpaintings.

2、Whichrestaurantcanattractmusicfans?

A.Jamie'sItalian.

B.StickyFingers.

C.BarbicanKitchen.

D.VauxhallCityFarmCafe

3^HowarebothJamie'sItalianandVauxhallCityFarmCafewallet-friendly?

A.Theybothofferkidsfreefood.

B.Theybothdopromotionsregularly.

C.Theybothserveadultsatabargainprice.

D.Theybothmakeasmallchangeforkidsmeal.

23.（8分）IfyouaretravellingfromoneofLondon'sinternationalairportstocentralLondon,don'ttaketaxi

unlessyouareveryrich!Theminimum（最小的）farefromHeathrow,theairportnearesttocentralLondon,isabout

$25.Ifyouaretravellinginagroupoffourpeopleandeachofyouhasalotofluggage,youmayfeelthatitwouldbe

worthpayingforataxi.

IfyousimplywanttocrossLondonfromonerailwaystationtoanotherorfromastationtoyourhotel,thenataxi

maybeagoodidea.Althoughtaxismayseemquiteexpensive,theymakelifealoteasierifyouhavealotofluggage,or

ifyouarenotconfidentaboutfindingyourwayaroundtheUndergroundsystem.Herearesomeusefulfactsaboutusing

taxis:

★Licensed（有许可证的）taxisarelarge,andusuallyblack,vehicleswithasmallwhiteplate（牌照）ontheback

showingalicensenumberandthewordsHackneyCarriages.

★Thebestplacetofindataxiisatarailwaystation.Followthesignsfortaxiandyouwillfindwhatiscalledataxi

rank（aplaceintheroadwhereataxicanstop）.Anothergoodplacetofindataxiisnearalargehotel.

★Ifyouarenotatastation,youwillhavetostandinthestreetandwaitforonetogopast.Lookforataxiwhich

hasanorangelightlitupoverthedriver'swindow—thismeansthatitisnotbeingusedbyanyoneelse.

★Whenthetaxiisquiteclose,raiseyourarmandwavethedriverdown.Thetaxishouldstopforyou.

★Whenyoupay,itisusualtogivethedriveratipofatleast10%.

1、WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthetaxiinLondon?

A.Itishardtocatchataxiattheairport.

B.ItisagoodchoicetocrossLondon.

C.Itsserviceisfarfromsatisfactory.

D.Itsfareisnotveryhigh.

2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthelicensedtaxis?

A.Theyaresmall.

B.Theyareallorange.

C.Theyhaveredplates.

D.Theirplatesareontheback.

3^Wherecanyoufindataxieasilyaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Abusstop.

B.Asmallhotel.

C.Alargeshoppingcentre.

D.Ataxirankneararailwaystation.

4、Whatshouldyoutakenoteofifyouwanttostopataxi?

A.Whetheritslightison.

B.Whetherthedriveriswaving.

C.Whetheritisawhitelicensedtaxi.

D.Whetherthetaxistopsattherightplace.

5、Ifyourtaxifareis$30,howmuchshouldyougivethetiptothedriveratleast?

A.$2.B・$3.

C.$4.D.$5.

24.（8分）Companionplantingistheideathatsomekindsofplantscanhelpeachothergrow.Plantsthatare

compatible（兼容的，能共处的）togethergenerallyhavesimilarneedsintermsofnutrientsysoilandmoisturelevels.

Adviceaboutwhichplantsarecompatibleissometimesbasedmoreontraditionthanproof.Butexpertssaythereis

evidencetosupportcertaincombinations.Thesecanimproveharvests,reducediseaseandhelpwithpestcontrolby

attractinghelpfulinsects.

Forexample,somekindsofsoilbacteriatakenitrogenfromtheairandmakeitintoaformthatplantscanuse.The

plantsholdthenitrogenintheirroots.Legumes（豆科植物）areespeciallygoodatthisnitrogen（氮）fixing.Thenanycrops

thatsharethesamespacewiththelegumescangetthenitrogenwhentherootsarebrokendown.

Beansandpotatoescanalsoshareterritorywellbecausetheirrootsreachdifferentlevelsinthesoil.Deep-rooted

vegetablesgetnutrientsandmoisturefromlowerdowninthesoil,sotheydonotcompletewithplantswithshallower

roots.

Butsomeplantsplacedtogethermayharmeachother*sdevelopment.Forexample,tomatoesdonotlikewetsoil

butwatercressdoes,soyouwouldprobablywanttokeepthemseparated.

Somekindsofproduceshouldbekeptapartevenafterbeingharvested.Thisisbecauseofethylenegas（乙烯气

体）・Ethyleneisaplanthormone（激素）thatcancausesomefoodstoripentooquickly.Applesreleaseethylenegas.

Apricots,melonsandtomatoesalsoreleasealotofethylene.Somevegetablesareeasilyaffectedbyethylene,including

asparagus,broccoli,cabbageandcucumbers.

Thisriskofripeningtoosooniswhymarketsoftenseparatehighethylene-producingfoodsfromthosethatare

sensitivetothegas.Butifyouputanappleinabagwithagreenbanana,theethylenefromtheapplewillmakethe

bananareadytoeatsooner.

Whataboutpeaches,plumsandnectarines?Thesekindsoffruitdonotneedanyhelpfromanapple—theyrelease

enoughethylenetoripenthemselves.Butthatdoesnotmeanthereisnowaytogetthejobdonefasten

Growerssuggestplacingthefruitinafruitbowlorinapaperbagwiththetopfoldedover.Keepthefruitatroom

temperature,outofdirectsunlight.Oncethefruitissoftenough9eitheruseitorputitintherefrigeratortokeepitfrom

gettingtooripe.

1、Companionplantingreferstotheideathat

A.somecropscangrowtogethertobenefiteachother

B.somecropshavethesimilarneedsofnutrients,soilandwaterlevel

C.someplantscandamageeachotherifgrowntogether

D.agoodfarmingmethodtopreventnaturaldisasters

2、Accordingtothetext,cannotgrowtogether.

A.beansandpotatoesB.tomatoesandwatercress

C.legumesandcornsD.riceandsugarcane

3、Whatisthefunctionofethylene?

A.Toimprovethequalityoffruits.Toproduceapoisonousgas.

Tokeepvegetablesfresh.Tomakefruitsripeearlier;

4、Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom

anewspaperofmedicineB.amagazineofbiology

ajournalofagricultureD.atravelreport

25.（10分）

Forallthetechnologicalwondersofmodemmedicine,healthcare-withitsfaxmachinesandclipboards（写字板）一is

outofdate.Thisoutdatederaisslowlydrawingtoacloseastheindustrycatchesupwiththeartiflcial-intelligence（AI）

revolution.

EricTopol,anexpertinheartdiseaseandenthusiastfordigitalmedicine,thinksAIwillbeparticularlyusefulfor

suchtasksasexaminingimages,observinghearttracesforabnormalitiesorturningdoctors*wordsintopatientrecords.

Itwillbeabletousemassesofdatatoworkoutthebesttreatments,andimproveworkflowsinhospitals.Inshort,AIis

settosavetime,livesandmoney.

ThefearsomepeoplehaveisthatAIwillbeusedtodeepentheassembly-linecultureofmodemmedicine.Ifitgives

a“giftoftime“todoctors,theyarguethatthisbonusshouldbeusedtoextendconsultations,ratherthansimply

speedingthroughthemmoreefficiently.

Thatisafineidea,butashealthswallowsanever-biggershareofnationalwealth,greaterefficiencyisexactlywhat

isneeded,atleastsofarasgovernmentsandinsurersareconcerned.Otherwise,richsocietiesmayfailtocopewiththe

needsofageingandgrowingpopulations.Anextrafiveminutesspentchattingwithapatientiscostlyaswellasvaluable.

TheAIrevolutionwillalsoenablemanagerialaccountantstoadjustandevaluateeveryaspectoftreatment.The

autonomyofthedoctorwillsurelybeweakened,especially,perhaps,inpublic-healthsystemswhichareduty-boundto

cutunnecessarycosts.

TheHippocraticOath（誓言）holdsthatthereisanarttomedicineaswellasascience,andthat“warmth,sympathy

andunderstandingmayouhveighthesurgeon'sknifeorthechemist'sdrug”.There'slotsofsenseinit:thepatientsof

sympatheticphysicianshavebeenshowntorecoverbetter.Yetasthesupplyofhumancarersfailstosatisfythedemand

forhealthcare,thefuturemayInvolveconsultationsonsmartphonesandmeasurementsmonitoredbychatbots.The

consideratelywarmedstethoscope（听诊器）,placedgentlyonapatient'sback,maybecomearelicofthepast.

1、What'sDrTopofsattitudetowardAI*scomingintomedicine?

A.Concerned.B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic.D.Cautious.

2、Whatdoestheauthorofthetextattachmoreimportanceto?

A.Medicalcosts.B.Nationalwealth.

C.Longerconsultation.D.Greaterefficiency.

3、WhyistheHippocraticOathmentioned?

A.ToprovethebrightfutureofAL

B.Toshowtheadvantageofahumandoctor.

C.Toexplainmedicalequipmentismoreimportant.

D.Toargueahumandoctorperformsaswellasarobot.

4、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HealthcareandAIB.AIanditsapplications

C.DoctorsandPatientsD.DrTopolanddigitalmedicine

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）NancyandherhusbandwereovernightinAtlantaastheywaitedtoconnectwithaflighttoSouth

Africa.Theyaregoingtheretomeether1andhaveanicethree-weekvacation.

Unluckily,theirluggagehadalreadybeen2Sotheywerewonderingiftheyshouldgetonthat3to

SouthAfrica.Buttheirfriendshadputonalotofefforts4theirtripinSouthAfricaincluding5for

tripstheywouldgoon.So,Nancyendedupdecidingtogowithouttheir6andhopeforthebest.

Theywereaboutto7inthehotelwhenthetelephonerang.Butitwasnotabouttheirluggage.Itwas

Nancy'sson8herthather87-year-oldmotherwas9,Shewasinhospital.Hersonsaidshe'dbetter___

10immediately.ButNancywas11,Theyhadbeenplanningthistripforalongtimebutshewantedto___

12hermothertoo.Nancywishedshecouldtalktosomeonethatcangivehersome13advice.Whenher

husbandwenttosleep,shelayawakewrestlingwithher14,Suddenly,sheheardhermother'svoice,uGo.15

yourtrip!”Nancywonderedifshehad16it.Nancyfeltasifhermotherweretherewithher.Thevoiceand

messagewereso17andstrong.

Thenextmorning,Nancy'shusbandaskedwhatshedecided.Beforeshecould18,therecameatelephone

ring.ItwasNancy'ssister.ShetoldNancyshewouldtakegoodcareoftheirmother.Meanwhile,theirluggagehasbeen

eventually19,

Deeplytouched,Nancyfeltextremelyfortunatelivinginsuchaharmoniousfamily.Nancyandherhusbandheaded

forSouthAfricawith20intime.

1、A.motherB.friendsC.sonD.relatives

2、A.deliveredB.checkedC.lostD.weighed

3、A.shipB.coachC.trainD.flight

4、A.planningB.changingC.delayingD.canceling

5、A.regulationB.troubleC.reservationsD.excitement

6、A.passportsB.luggageC.cellphonesD.wallet

7、A.sleepB.wanderC.instructD.work

8、A.warningB.declaringC.predictingD.informing

9、A.nervousB.sickC.exhaustedD.delighted

10、A.returnB.respondC.escapeD.mourn

11、A.calmB.tornC.relaxedD.encouraged

12、A.takeinB.lookforC.attendtoD.leavealone

13、A.unreasonableB.selfishC.dishonestD.practical

14^A.decisionB.imaginationC.diseaseD.promise

15、A.ForgetB.AbandonC.RecordD.Enjoy

16、A.rewardedB.claimedC.imaginedD.expressed

17、A.clearB.strangeC.illegalD.rare

18、A.repeatB.replyC.regretD.request

19、A.signedB.wrappedC.openedD.found

20、A.disappointmentB・embarrassmentC.reliefD.anxiety

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）Thecomputeriswidelyusedinourdailylife.Thecomputerisamachinethat1.（design）tohelppeople

domanythings.Whenitfirstcameinto2.（be）,itwasjustacalculatingmachine,andlateritwasbuiltasananalytical

machinethatcould“think“logicallyandproduceananswer3.（fast）thananyotherperson.Stilllater,thecomputer

couldbemadetoworkasa“universalmachine”tosolveanydifficultmathematicalproblems.Thereweretimeswhen

itssizewas4,（total）changed.Itbecamesmallerandsmallerbutitgotclevererandclever.Intheearly1960s,computers

wereconnectedbynetworkandbroughtintocommonpeople'shomes5.（deal）withinformationandhelp

communication6・peoplearoundtheworld.Itcouldshare7.（inform）withothersandtheycouldtalktoeachother.

TheInternethasbecome8,importantpartinourlifeandwecandomanythingswiththehelpoftheInternet.The

computerisusedtoconnectpeople9,aren'tcloseenoughtospeaktoeachother.Ithasbeenservingthehumanrace

since10.（it）birth.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,

每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1、每处错误及其修改均限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

LastSundayLiLin,oneofmyclassmates,andIgotoabookstore,Atacounterwenoticedthattheforeignerwas

talkingtoaclerk,buttheclerkdidn'tunderstandhowtheforeignersaid,Sowewentuptohimandwasaskedifhe

neededhelpinEnglish、Afterknowingwhatherealwanted,wetookhimtothecounterwhichhewaslooking、Hewas

interestinginChinesefolkmusicverymuch,WegavehimsomeadvicesonwhattochooseTheforeignerpickedsome

musictapeswithyourhelp、Hegavehissincerethankstousandleft,satisfiedandhappily、

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank将到你所在的省会城市进行为期一周的“探索中国文化”之旅。Frank

来信询问你相关信息，请你给他回信，要点如下:

1.推荐食宿地点；

2.推荐旅游景点；

3.其他注意事项。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearFrank,

Yours,

LiHua

参考答案

第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

1、A

2、C

3、A

4、B

5、C

6、C

7、D

8、D

9、A

10、B

11、D

12、B

13、D

14、C

15、B

16、A

17、D

18、C

19、C

20B

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、B

2、A

3、A

4、C

22、explor