江苏省南京市2020-2021学年高二上学期期中英语试题(解析版)

江苏省南京市2020-2021学年第一学期高二期中试卷英语试题阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AEReaderIQDailyfreee-booksarethemainfeatureonthissite,andtherearesomefantastictitlestochoosefrom,includingalargenumberofchildren'sbooksandyoungadultnovels.TheformatisuniquetoKindlethough,sounlessyouhaveaconversion(转换)program,youmightbeoutofluckifyou'reusingadifferente-reader.EreaderLoveThemajorityofbooksonthissiteareinthesciencefictionandromancestyles,buttherearesomejewelstobefoundintheothersectionsaswell.Youngadultreadersmayfindsomeuniquestoriestodiveinto,andthereareafewhundredmysteryandhorrornovelstoreadthroughtoo.ProjectGutenbergThissitedealsonlywitholderbookssuchasclassicnovelsandreferencematerials,andarefreeintheUnitedStatesbecausetheircopyrighthasbeenoutofdate.Gutenberghasover42,000freee-booksavailable,soanybookloverswillhaveplentyofmaterialstoreferto.Scribd.comAgreatsiteforself-publishedauthors,Scribdgivespeopletheopportunitytouploadtheirownwork,anddownloadbooksbyotherauthors.There'sasmallcatch:notallthebooksarefree.Youcanreadfreeshortpiecesofsomenovelsandthenpurchasewithalittlemoney,buttherearemanyimpressivetitlesavailablefornochargewhatsoever.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.E-booksonEReaderIQarefreeofcharge.B.Up-to-datenovelscanbefoundinProjectGutenberg.C.Scribd.comisforfamouswriterstouploadtheirwork.D.MysteryandhorrornovelsareinthemajorityonEreaderLove.2.OnwhichwebsitecanyouprobablyfindTheTimeMachinebyH.G.Wells?A.EReaderIQB.EreaderLoveC.ProjectGutenbergD.S3.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Tostresstheimportanceofe-reading.B.Tocomparetheadvantagesofe-bookwebsites.C.Tointroducesearchingtechniquesfore-reading.D.Torecommendsomeonlineresourcesofe-books.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述的是四个供读者下载不同类型书籍的网站。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题EReaderIQ下的“Dailyfreee-booksarethemainfeatureonthissite”（每天免费的电子书是这个网站的主要特色。）可知，这个网站上的图书是免费的。故答案为A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题EreaderLove下的“Themajorityofbooksonthissiteareinthesciencefictionandromancestyles”（这个网站上的大部分书籍都是科幻小说和爱情小说风格的。）可知，该网站的大部分书籍都是科幻和爱情小说。“TheTimeMachinebyH.G.Wells”威尔斯的《时间机器》是属于科幻类的书籍。故在“EreaderLove”可以找到。故答案为B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据小标题EReaderIQ中“Dailyfreee-booksarethemainfeatureonthissite,”（免费的电子书是这个网站的主要特色）；以及小标题EreaderLove中“Themajorityofbooksonthissiteareinthesciencefictionandromancestyles,buttherearesomejewelstobefoundintheothersectionsaswell.”（这个网站上的大部分书籍都是科幻小说和爱情小说风格的，但也有一些珍宝可以在其他部分找到）；小标题ProjectGutenberg中“Thissitedealsonlywitholderbookssuchasclassicnovelsandreferencematerials”（这个网站只出售旧书，如经典小说和参考资料）和小标题S中“Agreatsiteforself-publishedauthors,Scribdgivespeopletheopportunitytouploadtheirownwork,anddownloadbooksbyotherauthors.”（Scribd是一个很棒的作者自助出版的网站，它让人们有机会上传自己的作品，并下载其他作者的书籍。）可知，本文主要目的是推荐四个可以下载不同类型书籍的网站。故答案为D。BSuckincapitalcitytrafficwithnoclearwaytoavoidthecarsaroundis,anOklahomaambulancewasatthemercyofissurroundingrush-hourdriversasItriedtomakeitswaytoaseriesofemergencycallsonSaturday-oneinvolvingayounggirlwithcancer,whohadtraveledallthewayfromLondonforhertreatment.Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.“Allofasudden,IseeasilversportscarmakingwayforustogetthroughandguidealltheTraffic,”Radford,a,doctorontheambulance,said.“Onceweactuallygetthroughallthetraffic,thissilvercarcomesovertothesideandthedriverwavestous.”AccordingtoRadford,Durant'skindnessledthedoctorstomakeittotheirsecondemergencycallontime,too,enablingthatyounggirlwithcancertogettohertreatmentsafeandsound,Forhispart,Durantshiedawayfrombeingregardedasaheroforhisactions,sayingwhathedidwasentirelyordinary.“IjustthoughtitwasSOcoolthatsomeonelikeDurantwouldtakethetimetoassistanambulancegettingtoanemergencycall,”Radfordsaid."Everythinghedidwasamazing;Durantisthehometownhero.”Forhisheroism,DurantwillbehonoredbytheOklahomaEmergencyMedicalServicesAuthority(OEMSA)asan“EverydayHero”,anawardthat'sgivenoutfourtimesayear.“Durant'sactionsareexactlyhowwethinkcitizensshouldhelpdoctorsreachtheircallsforemergencies.Heisagreatexampleofdoingone'sparttohelpthoseinneed,andhehandleditwithsuchmodesty,”anOEMSArepresentativesaid.4.Kevinwasregardedasaheromainlybecause.A.heansweredemergencycallsfordoctorsB.hecuredayounggirlfromLondonofcancerC.heguidedanambulancethroughrush-hourtrafficDhesolvedtheproblemoftrafficjaminOklahoma5.WhatdoweknowaboutOklahomafromthepassage?A.Itiswidelyknownforheavytraffic. B.Ithaspooremergencymedicalservices.C.Ithasthebestcancerexpertsintheworld. D.Itgives"EverydayHero"awardtocitizens.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeDurant?A.Warm-heartedandmodest. B.Quick-mindedandcareful.C.Athleticandintelligent. D.Mercifulandreliable.7.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BetterCity,FasterService B.BigBoy,SmallKindnessC.LargerCity,HeavierTraffic D.OrdinaryGirl,GoodLuck【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了NBA球员凯文·杜兰特在繁忙的交通中为一辆救护车开道，使得一个女孩能够及时接受救治。事后，杜兰特又非常低调谦虚，被评为了“每日英雄”。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Suckincapitalcitytrafficwithnoclearwaytoavoidthecarsaroundis,anOklahomaambulancewasatthemercyofissurroundingrush-hourdrivers(由于没有明确的道路可以避开周围的车辆，俄克拉荷马州的一辆救护车在高峰时段被周围的司机困住了)”以及第二段“Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.(直到一个6英尺9英寸高的慈善家开着车穿过车道，巧妙地引导救护车从车流中开了出来，他就是著名的NBA球员凯文·杜兰特)”可知，凯文被视为英雄，主要是因为他在高峰时段的交通中引导一辆救护车。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Forhisheroism,DurantwillbehonoredbytheOklahomaEmergencyMedicalServicesAuthority(OEMSA)asan‘EverydayHero’,anawardthat'sgivenoutfourtimesayear.(由于他的英雄举动，杜兰特将被俄克拉荷马紧急医疗服务管理局授予“每日英雄”称号，该奖项一年颁发四次)”可知，Oklahoma会给自己的居民评“每日英雄”奖。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.(直到一个6英尺9英寸高的慈善家开着车穿过车道，巧妙地引导救护车从车流中开了出来，他就是著名的NBA球员凯文·杜兰特)”以及最后一段中“Heisagreatexampleofdoingone'sparttohelpthoseinneed,andhehandleditwithsuchmodesty(他是尽自己的力量去帮助那些需要帮助的人的一个很好的例子，而且他处理得很谦虚)”可推知，杜兰特主动帮助他人，是个热心的人，帮助别人后又非常低调，可知他很谦虚，故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.(直到一个6英尺9英寸高的慈善家开着车穿过车道，巧妙地引导救护车从车流中开了出来，他就是著名的NBA球员凯文·杜兰特)”结合主要记叙了NBA球员凯文·杜兰特在繁忙的交通中为一辆救护车开道，使得一个女孩能够及时接受救治。事后，杜兰特又非常低调谦虚，被评为了“每日英雄”。可知，B选项“身形高大，乐施善举”最符合文章标题。故选B。C(Oct.13th,2020,Reuters)TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofScienceshasdecidedtoawardtheNobelPrizeinChemistry2020toEmmanuelleCharpentierandJenniferA.Doudna“forthedevelopmentofamethodforgeneediting”.CharpentierandDoudnahavediscoveredoneofgenetechnology’ssharpesttools:theCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors.Usingthese,researcherscaneasilychangetheDNAofanimalsandplants.Thistechnologyhashadagreatimpactonthelifesciences.Itiscontributingtonewcancertreatmentandmaymakethedreamofcuringinheriteddiseases(遗传病)cometrue.Researchersneedtomodifygenesincellsiftheywanttofindoutaboutlife’sinnerworkings.Thisusedtobedifficultandsometimesimpossible.UsingtheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors,itisnowpossibletochangethecodeoflifeinafewweeks.Thediscoveryofthesegeneticscissorswasunexpected.DuringCharpentier’sstudiesofStreptococcuspyogenes(酿脓链球菌),whichcausethemostharmtohumans,shediscoveredapreviouslyunknownmolecule(分子),tracrRNA.ItkillsvirusesbybreakingtheirDNA.ShestartedworkingwithDoudna,anexperiencedbiochemistin2011.Theythenreprogrammedthegeneticscissors.Intheirnaturalform,thescissorsrecognizeDNAfromviruses,butCharpentierandDoudnaprovethattheycouldbecontrolledsothattheycancutanyDNAmoleculeatagivensite.Thenitiseasytorewritethecodeoflife.SinceCharpentierandDoudnadiscoveredtheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissorsin2012,theirusehasexploded.Thistoolhascontributedtomanyimportantdiscoveriesinbasicresearch,andplantresearchershavebeenabletodevelopcropsthatcanfightpestsanddrought.Clinicaltrials(临床试验)ofnewcancertreatmentsareunderway,andthedreamofbeingabletocureinheriteddiseasesisabouttocometrue.Thesegeneticscissorshavetakenthelifesciencesintoanewpageand,inmanyways,arebringingthegreatestbenefittohumans.8.InwhichfieldisCRISPR/Cas9mostlyused?A.Lifescience.B.Tooldesign.C.Disasterprevention.D.Chemistryindustry.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph3referto?A.Dealingwithcancer.B.Modifyinggenesincells.C.Curinginheriteddiseases.D.Discoveringlife’sinnerworkings.10.HowdoesCRISPR/Cas9work?A.Itkillsharmfulviruses.B.Itdamageshumanorgans.C.ItmakesDNAcopyingeasier.D.ItcutsDNAmoleculeatachosenspot.11.ThepassageisaA.sciencefictionB.personalstoryC.newsreportD.bookreview【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】这是一篇新闻报导。本文主要阐述了两位科学家夏蓬迪埃和杜娜关于“基因剪刀（CRISPR/Cas9）”的发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“CharpentierandDoudnahavediscoveredoneofgenetechnology'ssharpesttools:theCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors.Usingthese,researcherscaneasilychangetheDNAofanimalsandplants.Thistechnologyhashadagreatimpactonthelifesciences.(夏蓬迪埃和杜娜发现了基因技术最锐利的工具之一：CRISPR/Cas9基因剪刀。利用它们，研究人员可以很容易地改变动植物的DNA。这项技术对生命科学产生了巨大的影响)”可知，夏蓬迪埃和杜娜关于基因剪刀CRISPR/Cas9的发现，对生命科学产生了巨大的影响。可见，基因剪刀CRISPR/Cas9主要应用领域是生命科学。故选A项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“Researchersneedtomodifygenesincellsiftheywanttofindoutaboutlife’sinnerworkings…UsingtheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors,itisnowpossibletochangethecodeoflifeinafewweeks.(研究人员如果想了解生命的内部运作方式，就需要修改细胞中的基因……使用CRISPR/Cas9基因剪刀，现在可以在几周内改变生命的密码)”可知，研究人员如果想了解生命的内部运作方式，就需要修改细胞中的基因，CRISPR/Cas9基因剪刀的发现，使得修改细胞基因成为可能。可推知，划线词“This”所在句的意思为“修改细胞中的基因”。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Intheirnaturalform,thescissorsrecognizeDNAfromviruses,butCharpentierandDoudnaprovethattheycouldbecontrolledsothattheycancutanyDNAmoleculeatagivensite.(在它们的自然形态中，剪刀可以识别有病毒的DNA，但夏蓬迪埃和杜娜证明它们可以被控制，这样它们就可以在指定的位置切割任何DNA分子)”可知，两位科学家夏蓬迪埃和杜娜已经证明了，基因剪刀能够在指定位置切割任何DNA分子。因此，基因剪刀CRISPR/Cas9是通过切割一个选定位置的DNA分子进行工作的。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“（Oct.13th,2020,Reuters)TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofScienceshasdecidedtoawardtheNobelPrizeinChemistry2020toEmmanuelleCharpentierandJenniferA.Doudna”forthedevelopmentofamethodforgeneediting”.(（路透社，2020年10月13日）瑞典皇家科学院决定将2020年诺贝尔化学奖颁给艾曼纽·夏蓬迪埃和珍妮佛·杜娜，“因为他们开发了一种基因编辑方法”。)”以及最后一句“Thesegeneticscissorshavetakenthelifesciencesintoanewpageand,inmanyways,arebringingthegreatestbenefittohumans.(这些基因剪刀将生命科学带入了一个新的篇章，并且在许多方面给人类带来了最大的好处)”可知，本文主要阐述了两位科学家艾曼纽·夏蓬迪埃和珍妮佛·杜娜对于基因剪刀的重大发现，将生命科学带入了一个新的篇章。可以看出这是一篇有关于科学的新闻报导，且第一段还有报导时间和“路透社”。由此推知，本文是一篇新闻报道。故选C项。DMygrandmaisthebestpiemakerintheworld.Sowhenshecalledmetosaythatoneofherpieswasmissing,Iknewthatitwasserious.IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.“Startfromthebeginning,”Isaid.“Icutthepumpkinpieintosixpieces,”shebegan.“Apumpkinpie!Myfavoritekind!ThisisevenmoreseriousthanIthought.”Itookoutasmallnotebookandapencil.“Now,whendidyoulastseethispie?”“Youmeanthewhole?Ibakeditthismorning,”saidGrandma.“Thenthedoorbellrang.Itwastheleafcollector.”“JustasIsuspected,”Isaid,writingdown“leafcollector”.“Hestolethepie.”“Oh,no,”Grandmasaid.“Hejustwantedmetoknowthathewasfinished.Igavehimapieceforhisgoodjob.”Iputalinethrough"leafcollector"."Thenwhathappened?"“WhenIwentoutsidewithhispiece,themailcarrierwasthere.Shetoldmeshecouldsmellthatpiealltheway.“Aha!”Iwrotedown“mailcarrier”.“Shestolethepie.”“No,Igaveherapiecemyself.”“Goon,please.”Isaid.“Thenthephonerang,anditwasmyneighbor,GloriaKetchumwiththecats."Inoddedandwrote"G.K.”.“ShecallsmeeverydaytoseeifIneedanything.SoIinvitedherandherdaughteroverforsomepie.”“Grandma!Noonestolethepie.Yougaveawayallthepieces.Onetotheleafcollector.Anothertothemailcarrier.YouandGloriaeachhadone.Andherdaughter'sisfive.”“Altogethersixpieces!”Grandmasaid.“MaybeitwasoneofGloria'scats,ormaybeamonstertookit.”Grandmahidherfaceinherhandkerchief;Icouldn'ttellifshewaslaughingorblowinghernose.Ihadtosearchformoreclues.Iopenedthedooroftherefrigeratorandasked“What'sthis?”Grandmalookedsurprised.“That'sit!”Shesaid,“I'lljustwarmitup.Youmustbehungryfromthework,Jane!”Ididfindthepie.AnditwasdeliciousjustasIsuspected.12.WhogotapieceofpieforbringingGrandma'sgroceries?A.Theleafcollector. B.Themailcarrier. C.Theneighbor. D.Theauthor.13.WhatisGrandma'srealreasonforcallingtheauthor?A.Shefoundapieceofherpumpkinpiemissing.B.Someonewasneededtolookintothestrangecase.C.Theauthordidwellinmakingtherightjudgement.D.Shewantedtofindagoodexcusetomeettheauthor.14.Whydidn'ttheauthoropenthefridgeatfirst?A.Becauseshebelievedthepiewasstolen. B.Becauseshedidn'tknowwherethepiewas.C.Becauseshedidn'twanttoruinthegame. D.BecauseshethoughtGrandmamadeamistake.15Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest. B.Youaretheappleofmyeye.C.Honestyisthebestpolicy. D.Observationisthebestteacher.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的奶奶因为找不到自己做的派，而打电话给作者，让作者帮忙寻找的故事，最后作者也明白了这只不过是奶奶想要自己来看望她的一个借口，作者也没有戳穿奶奶的这个游戏，体现了奶奶与作者之间的子孙情深。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第六段“‘Thenthephonerang,anditwasmyneighbor,GloriaKetchumwiththecats.’Inoddedandwrote‘G.K.’.‘ShecallsmeeverydaytoseeifIneedanything.SoIinvitedherandherdaughteroverforsomepie.’(“然后电话铃响了，是我养猫的邻居GloriaKetchum。”我点点头，写下“G.K.”。“她每天打电话给我，问我是否需要什么。所以我邀请她和她女儿过来吃派。”)”可知，是因为邻居给祖母带来了杂货，而得到了一片派。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.(我匆忙赶到奶奶家，突然意识到我已经很久没有去看望她了)”以及最后一段“Ididfindthepie.Anditwasdelicious,justasIsuspected.(我找到了派。就像我猜想的那样，它很美味)”可推知，奶奶给作者打电话的真正原因不是让作者来找南瓜派，而是想要见到作者，即奶奶想找个好借口见作者。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.(我匆忙赶到奶奶家，突然意识到我已经很久没有去看望她了)”结合文章内容，作者是一开始就识破了祖母的真正意图，即作者很久没有来看祖母了，祖母想念孙女，但是因为碍于面子，不好意思直说，所以说派丢了，作者也很配合祖母，所以不打开冰箱查看，是因为不想破坏了祖母的游戏。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mygrandmaisthebestpiemakerintheworld.Sowhenshecalledmetosaythatoneofherpieswasmissing,Iknewthatitwasserious.IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.(我奶奶做的派是世界上最好吃的。所以当她打电话告诉我她丢了一块派时，我知道情况很严重。我匆忙赶到奶奶家，突然意识到我已经很久没有去看望她了)”结合文章讲述了作者的奶奶因为找不到自己做的派，而打电话给作者，让作者帮忙寻找的故事，最后作者也明白了这只不过是奶奶想要自己来看望她的一个借口，作者也没有戳穿奶奶的这个游戏，体现了奶奶与作者之间的子孙情深。可知，B选项“你是我的掌上明珠”最符合文章主旨。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SincetheDISEASEofficiallybeganinMarch,we'vebeentoldstayinghomeisthebestwaytoavoidcatchingCovid-19.Butbeinghomebound(居家隔离）forsolongaffectsthebody,weakeningtheheartandlungsandevendamagesthebrain.___16___Thisiswhathalfayearofstayinghomecandotoyourbody.Aweekhomebound,whetheryouareworking,eatingorsleeping,seemstogiveyouasenseofcomfort.___17___That'sbecauseitcantakemonthstobuildmuscleandjustoneweektoloseit.Whenyoulosemuscle,you'renotnecessarilylosingshape,butyouarelosingstrength.Thestrongerwestay,theeasieritisforustolivelonger.Ifyou'renotexercising,you'renotraisingyourheartrate.Andwhenyourheartisn'tpumpingashard,itgetsweaker.___18___Manypatientshavefelttheirbreathingfunctionbecomeworse,becausethey'renolongerconditionedtoexercise.Exerciseistheonlykeytoimprovingbothheartandlungfunction.Ifit'snotsafetoleavethehouse,doctorsrecommenddancingorfindinghouseholdobjectsforhomestrengthtraining.___19___Exerciseproducescertainchemicalsinthebrainthatbreakdowntoxinsinthebloodandevenpreventthemfromgoingtothebrain,wheretheycankillbraincells.Theeffectsofhomeboundarehidden-liketheDISEASE,thephysicalreactionsaftermonthsofstayinghomeoftenaren'tobviousuntiltheybecomeharmfulorextreme.Keepingyourmentalandphysicalhealthwhilestayinghomerequiressomework,butit'sabetterpreparationforuncertaintyuntilCovid-19isover.___20___A.Butactually,itcanruinhard-wonfruit.B.Possibly,youcanworkoutinthegym.C.Thiskindoflifestylecanslowyourbrain,too.D.TheeffectsmaystaywithusbeyondDISEASE'send.E.Andwhenit'ssafetolivefullyagain,you'llbeprepared.F.Thesamethinghappenstoyourlungswhenyou'reinactive.G.Hopefully,thedaywillcomewhentheDISEASEissweptaway.【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.C20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了因为疫情长期居家在家，对我们身体的伤害，倡导大家要动起来，强身健体，增强抵抗力！【16题详解】上文“Butbeinghomeboundforsolongaffectsthebody,weakeningtheheartandlungsandevendamagesthebrain.（但是长期呆在家里会影响身体，削弱心脏和肺，甚至损害大脑。）”说明长期呆在家里，对身体造成不良影响。D项中theseeffects指的就是前句的“…affectsthebody…”（影响身体），故D项“这种影响可能会持续到疾病结束。”能够与前文形成很好的衔接。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Aweekhomebound,whetheryouareworking,eatingorsleeping,seemstogiveyouasenseofcomfort.（一个星期回家，不管你是在工作，吃饭还是睡觉，似乎都会给你一种舒适的感觉。）”说明，在家一周似乎很舒服。下文“That'sbecauseitcantakemonthstobuildmuscleandjustoneweektoloseit.（因为锻炼肌肉需要几个月的时间，而减掉肌肉只需要一个星期。）”说明只有一星期就能减掉需要几个月锻炼才能得到的肌肉。可以看到上下文发生了转折。选项A“但实际上，它可以毁掉来之不易的成果。”承前启后，表达了意义的转折。选项中hard-wonfruit代指后文的monthstobuildmuscleandjustoneweektoloseit.也就是锻炼成果来之不易，但是毁灭起来却很快。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Ifyou'renotexercising,you'renotraisingyourheartrate.Andwhenyourheartisn'tpumpingashard,itgetsweaker.（如果你不锻炼，你的心率就不会提高。当你的心脏不再像以前那样跳动时，它就会变得更弱。）”说明不锻炼，心脏就会衰弱。F项“当你不活跃的时候，同样的事情也会发生在你的肺部。”承接上文，说明同样的事情也会发生在肺部。选项中lungs与上文中heart形成一种并列关系。下文“Manypatientshavefelttheirbreathingfunctionbecomeworse…（许多病人感到他们的呼吸功能变差了）”说明病人呼吸功能变差了。F项中lungs与下文中breathing相关联。故选F项。【19题详解】下文“Exerciseproducescertainchemicalsinthebrainthatbreakdowntoxinsinthebloodandevenpreventthemfromgoingtothebrain,wheretheycankillbraincells.（运动在大脑中产生某种化学物质，可以分解血液中的毒素，甚至阻止毒素进入大脑，从而杀死脑细胞。）”说明运动对大脑的影响。选项C“这种生活方式也会让你的大脑变慢。”承接上段内容，点明本段的主题。选项中brain和下文中inthebrain以及theycankillbraincells相关联。故选C项。【20题详解】上文“Keepingyourmentalandphysicalhealthwhilestayinghomerequiressomework,butit'sabetterpreparationforuncertaintyuntilCovid-19isover.（在家里保持身心健康需要一些工作，但在新型冠状病毒肺炎结束之前，这是对不确定性的更好准备。）”说明疫情期间在家保持健康是对防疫的更好准备。选项E“等到安全的时候，你就会准备好。”，是对上文的进一步总结。选项中prepared和上文中itisabetterpreparationforuncertaintyuntiltheCovid-19isover相关联。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。“Ihadalovelydreamlastnight,”mymumsaid,awidesmilefillingherface.“Allyougrownupkidswerethere.Wewere___21___together,allofusunderoneroof.”“Oh,”Ireplied.“You___22___youhadanightmare(梦魇）.”Perhapsit'sanAsianthing,butifitwasuptomymumIwould___23___liveathome.Iseehermostweeksandwespeakalmostdaily,butit'snever___24___.WheneverIlookforanewflattorent,shesendsme___25___:allatwo-hourridefromwork,yetjustafive-minutewalkfromherhouse.Once,sheevensavedheraddressas“___26___”inmysatnav(导航）。“Thinkofthemoneyyouspendonrents,"shesaid."Youcould___27___itandlivewithme.”However,likemanyyoungpeople,Ineedspaceto___28___andtomakemistakes.AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.I___29___at18andhaveonlyhadthreeflatrequirementssince:cheaprent;___30___enoughtoMum'sforregularvisits;farenoughthattheyarenottooregular.___31___somethinghappenedrecently.Ifellillandwashomealone.Mumcameassoonasshecould,andonlyatthattimeIfelther___32___Iwishedthen,strongly,thatshelivedalittlenearer,a“stone'sthrowaway”___33___IhavenoplanstomovebackinwithMum,butI'vecometolearntheremightbesomemethodtohermadness:my___34___flatwillbetheclosesttoher.Weallneed___35___,butideallywestaynearenoughtosomeonewhowillhelppickupthepieces.21.A.talking B.reading C.working D.living22.A.pretend B.mean C.admit D.hope23.A.still B.also C.even D.thus24.A.late B.enough C.lasting D.tiring25.A.connection B.explanations C.suggestions D.information26.A.community B.company C.park D.home27.A.save B.earn C.pay D.share28.A.play B.advance C.grow D.exercise29.A.left B.paid C.graduated D.hesitated30.A.expensive B.cheap C.far D.close31.A.Or B.And C.So D.But32.A.worry B.absence C.strength D.effort33.A.reason B.chance C.distance D.direction34.A.only B.next C.final D.private35.A.space B.guidance C.support D.attention【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.D31.D32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本篇文章讲述了作者和母亲之间的关系，她认为自己需要成长的空间不应该再和母亲住在一起，而母亲则是希望我和她同住一个屋檐下的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们住在一起，所有人住在同一个屋檐下。A.talking谈话；B.reading读书；C.working工作；D.living居住。根据后文“…allofusunderoneroof”所有人住在同一个屋檐下。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是说，你做了一场噩梦。A.pretend假装；B.mean意思；C.admit承认；D.hope希望。根据上文“Ihadalovelydreamlastnight,mymumsaid”我妈妈说:我昨晚做了一个很可爱的梦。可知作者回复妈妈：你的意思是你做了一场“噩梦”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许这是亚洲人的习惯，但如果由我妈妈决定，我仍然还是会住在家里。A.still仍然；B.also也；C.even甚至；D.thus因此。由前文“ifitwasuptomymum”如果由我妈妈决定，我仍然还是会住在家里。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我几乎每周都能见到她，我们几乎每天都交谈，但这永远不够。A.late晚的；B.enough充足的；C.lasting持久的；D.tiring累人的。根据上句“Iseehermostweeksandwespeakalmostdaily”我几乎每周都能见到她。根据后句中的“but”（但是），表转折，可知作者几乎每天可以见到妈妈(妈妈觉得)还是不够的。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我想租一套新公寓时，她都会给我一个建议:从上班的地方骑车两个小时，但步行到她家只需要五分钟。A.connection联系；B.explanations解释；C.suggestion建议；D.information信息。根据下句“allatwo-hourridefromwork,yetjustafive-minutewalkfromherhouse.”从上班的地方骑车两小时，到她家步行只要五分钟。可知这是妈妈给作者的建议。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，她甚至把她家的地址保存在我的卫星导航里。A.community社区；B.company公司；C.park公园；D.home家。根据上句“WheneverIlookforanewflattorent,shesendsme5:allatwo-hourridefromwork,yetjustafive-minutewalkfromherhouse.”每当我想租一套新公寓时，她都会给我一个建议:从上班的地方骑车两个小时，但步行到她家只需要五分钟。可知作者的妈妈希望作者住在家里，故把家的地址保存到导航里。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以把租房子的钱省下来然后搬过来和我住在一起。A.save节省、拯救；B.earn挣；C.pay支付；D.share分享。根据上句“Thinkofthemoneyyouspendonrents,”想想你在房租上花的钱以及下句中“…livewithme”和我住在一起。可知作者的妈妈想让作者自己把租房子的钱节省下来和自己一起住。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，像许多年轻人一样，我需要成长和犯错的空间。A.play比赛；B.advance发展；C.grow成长；D.exercise练习。因此这里选择grow。根据空格前的“likemanyyoungpeople”（像很多的年轻人一样）以及后文的“tomakemistakes”（去发犯错）；可知作者希望项很多的年轻人一样，去犯错，去成长。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在妈妈家，总是没有足够的空间。我18岁从家离开，从那以后只对公寓提出了三个要求:便宜的房租;离妈妈家近，可以定期去看她;足够远，以至于不太有规律。A.left离开；B.paid支付；C.graduated毕业；D.hesitated犹豫。根据上句中“AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.“在妈妈家，总是没有足够的空间，可知我需要成长的空间，在18岁的时候我从家里搬了出来。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题。A.expensive昂贵；B.cheap便宜；C.far远的；D.close亲密的。根据后句“…enoughtoMum'sforregularvisits”可知作者租的房子需要足够的近可以看去妈妈。故选D项。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我生病了，独自在家。但是最近发生了一些事情。妈妈尽快赶来了，只有在那个时候我感觉到她不在我的身边，我强烈希望她住得离我近一点，最好离我“一步之遥”。A.Or或者；B.And并且；C.So因此；D.But但是。根据后句“妈妈尽快赶来了，只有在那个时候我强烈希望她住得离我近一点，最好离我“一步之遥””。和上文“However,likemanyyoungpeople,Ineedspaceto8andtomakemistakes.AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.”然而，像许多年轻人一样，我需要成长和犯错的空间。在妈妈家，总是没有足够的空间。可知作者现在作者强烈希望她住得离我近一点和上文的想法相反，故为转折关系。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题。A.worry担心；B.absence缺席；C.strength力量；D.effort努力。根据后文“Iwishedthen,strongly,thatshelivedalittlenearer”当时我强烈希望她住得离我近一点。所以，在那个时候我感觉到她不在我的身边。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我生病了，独自在家。但是最近发生了一些事情。妈妈尽快赶来了，只有在那个时候我感觉到她不在我的身边，我强烈希望她住得离我近一点，最好离我“一步之遥。A.reason理由；B.chance机会；C.distance距离；D.direction方向。根据上文“Iwishedthen,strongly,thatshelivedalittlenearer.”当时我强烈希望她住得离我近一点。可知作者希望妈妈住的离自己近些，只是“一步之遥”的距离。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有搬回去和妈妈一起住的计划，但我已经明白，她的疯狂可能是有原因的:我的下一套公寓将是离她最近的。A.only唯一的；B.next下一个；C.final最终的；D.private私人的。根据上句“IhavenoplanstomovebackinwithMum,butI'vecometolearntheremightbesomemethodtohermadness”我没打算搬回去和妈妈一起住，但我渐渐明白，她的疯狂也许有其原因。可知作者没有打算搬回去住的想法，但是作者明白了妈妈的原因，所以下一套公寓会离妈妈的公寓更近一些。故选B项。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都需要空间，但理想情况下，我们待在一个能帮我们收拾残局的人附近。A.space空间；B.guidance引导；C.support支持；D.attention注意力。根据上文“AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.”在妈妈家，总是没有足够的空间。可知作者和妈妈都需要空间。原词重现。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ShiChengchuan,ahearing-impaired(听力受损的)youngbusinessman,wasselectedfortheForbes(福布斯)listof30Under30Asia2020.Sofar,thestoryofhissuccess___36___(inspire)manyyoungpeopleinGuangzhou,capitalofGuangdongProvince.Twoyearsago,Shihadtotypetocommunicatewithothers.But___37___(fortunate),heisabletochatwithpeopleandanswerphonecalls___38___thehelpofacochlearimplant(人工耳蜗植入)andanapphedeveloped.Theapp,___39___wentonlinein2017,hasnowattractedmorethan600,000hearing-impairedusers.Despitethesuccessoftheapp,Shiisdeterminedtocomeupwithmore___40___(create)tohelphearing-impairedpeople.“Iwanttohelpmorepeoplewhohaveimpairedhearingtoregaintheirhearingfunctionsintheyears___41___(come).”hesaid.Heisexpectingmorethanonemillionhearing-impairedpeoplenationwidetobeusinghisappinfouryears.Shiusestheapptopractice___42___(speak)formorethan30minuteseveryday,nomatter___43___busyheis.Aftertwoyearsofpractice,hesaidhisspokenMandarinhasbecomemuch___44___(good).Hisbusinesspartnerandformeruniversityclassmate,ChenGuoqiang,saidhewaswillingtoteamupwithShiashehaddetermination.“Shihas____45____strongpassionforworkanddeterminationtohelpthemassesofhearing-impairedpeople,”Chensaid.【答案】36.hasinspired37.f