2023年高考英语模拟试题与答案

高考英语模拟试题与答案本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYoumighthaveheardalotaboutancienttownsandancientcitiesinChina.Here,welistseveralofthemostbeautifulancientvillagesinChina.BaoshanStoneCity,YunnanProvinceBaoshanStoneCitywasbuiltonahugemushroom-shapedrock,andonlyhasaboutonehundredhouses.Thehousesarelaidoutinanorderlyway,builtontherock,andlinkedbystonesteps.TheNaxipeopletherestillleadanoriginallifeandgrowcropsinterraces(梯田);youcanexperiencethecolorfulcultureoftheNaxiethnic(民族的)groupthere.TuvasVillageinKanas,XinjiangKanasTuvasVillageisnearthemysteriousLakeKanas.Thesmallvillageislocatedinavalley,andonlyhasabout80houses.TheseSwiss-stylewoodenhousesareallsurroundedbywoodenfences.Tuvasisanancientminoritygroup.Theytraditionallylivedashunter-gathers.Youcanvisitalocalfamily,goherding(放牧)withthelocalsandexperiencethepeacefulancientvillagelife.JiajuTibetanVillage,Danba,SichuanProvinceJiajuTibetanVillageisknownasthe“Tibetanfairyland”.Itstandsonamountainslope,andconsistsofabout140houses.Theseuniquehousesareallbuiltwithcrown-shapedroofs,redeaves,andwhitewalls,whichmakethehouseslooklikelittlecastlesamongtheforest.XijiangMiaoVillage,GuizhouProvinceIfyoureinterestedintheMiaoMinority,XijiangMiaoVillagecanbeagreatdestinationfordeepeningyourunderstandingofMiaohistoryandculture.It’sthelargestMiaovillageinChina,andnowhas1432householdswithapopulationofover5000,ofwhich99.5%areMiaoethnicgroup.It’salsofamousforthehousesbuiltonstilts(支柱)ofdifferentheights.1.WhatcanyoudoinKanasTuvasVillage?A.Hikeinterraces.B.Seehousesofaforeignstyle.C.Gohuntingwiththelocals.D.Learnabouthousesbuiltonstilts.2.Wherecanyouadmirethehouseslikecastles?A.InBaoshanStoneCity. B.InKanasTuvasVillage.C.InJiajuTibetanVillage. D.InXijiangMiaoVillage.3.Whatcanweinferaboutthevillagesmentionedinthetext?A.Theyremainedsecrettotheoutsideworldinthepast.B.Theywereoriginallybuilttodefendtheirhomeland.C.Theyarestillcutoffanddifficulttoaccessnowadays.D.Theyaretheethnicvillageswithuniquearchitecture.BIwasintheseventhgrade,andwehadmovedtoNewJerseyinNovember.Bythen,everyonealreadyhadhadtheirownfriends,andnoonewantedtotalktoanewgirl.Tomakethingsworse,theyputmein“SectionL”.IfoundoutlaterthateveryonecalledSectionL“Loserville”.Itwassortofanopensecretthatitwasthesectionfortroublemakersandnot-so-smartkids.WhenIfoundout,Iwantedtoscream.Ihadalwaysbeenagoodstudentandhadamazingfriends,andnoweveryonethoughtIwasaloser!IdidtextmyfriendsinIllinoisalmosteverynight,especiallymybestfriend,Ana.Atfirstmyfriendswantedtohearallaboutit.ButthensomestoppedtextingbackonceIsaidsomethingabouthowmiserableIwas.OnenightwhenIwastextingwithAna,Icomplainedaboutanotherfriendwhohadjustdonethat.Ana’stextscamereallyfastforthenextfewminutesandtheysurprisedme.ShesaidthatshewastiredofhearingabouthowbadeverythingwasinNewJersey,too.ShesaidshedidnotwanttohurtmyfeelingsbutthatIneededtostopfeelingsosorryformyselfallthetime,Ihadtotrytomakethingsbetter.Thenextday,IthoughtalotaboutwhatAnahadsaid.Shewasright!IwishIcouldsaythateverythingchangedovernightafterthat,butitdidn’t.Iwasstillstuckin“Loserville”,andsomepeoplewerestillmeantome,eventhoughItriedtojuststayoutoftheirway.Butwhatdidchangewasme—Istoppedfeelingsosorryformyselfanddidsomethingaboutmakingfriends.Isigneduptomakesetsfortheschoolplay.Imetalotofnewpeoplethere,andsuddenlyIhadfriendstosayhitointhehalls!IstillmissIllinoissometimes,butlifeinNewJerseyisn’tsohardanymore.EventhoughIcouldn’tchangemysituation,Icouldchangemyattitude—andthatmadeallthedifference.4.“Loserville”isasectionfor________.A.failures B.goodstudentsC.classsecrets D.newcomers5.Thewritercomplainedallthetimeinthenewenvironmentbecause________.A.Anadidn’ttextbacktoher B.herfriendshurtherfeelingsC.shewasunfairlytreated D.shewasagoodstudent6.Whatmadeadifferenceinchangingthesituation?A.ShewentbacktoIllinois.B.SheendedfriendshipwithAna.C.Shefoughtbackwithherclassmates.D.Shebegantomakefriendswithothers.7.Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe________.A.LastingFriendship B.AnIncidenceatSchoolC.SayGoodbyeto“Loserville” D.Unhappinessin“Loserville”CMoscowcityauthoritieshavebegunusingcomics（漫画）withcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrants（移民）howtheyshouldbehave.Theysaya100guideisneededto"keepapositiveimage"ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"tensions"betweennativesandmigrants.Butcriticshavepointedoutthatforeignmigrantsandnativesmayberegardedasantagonistsinthemanual(手册).RussiansandmigrantshaverepeatedlyfloodedinMoscowrecently.Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasus（高加索）andNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapital’sjobopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries.AsignificantnumberofthemworkintheRussiancapitalillegally.ThenewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe"dos"and"don’ts"tomigrants.Theyareurgednottocausetrouble,bystaringatwomen,oreatingortalkingloudlyonthestreets.Theyarealsowarnedthatthepolicemayroutinely（例行公事）stopthemtochecktheirdocuments.Inthemanual,Russia’sfamous"threewarriors"aremeanttorepresentthecity’slawenforcementagencies（执法机关）,whilePrinceYuriDolgoruky(ahistoricalcharacter)isusedfortoursaroundMoscow.Meanwhile,VasilisatheWiseandTheSnowMaidentestthereaderonRussia’slanguageandhistory.AspecialsectionofthebookexplainstheimportanceoffollowingMoscow’sstrictresidencyandemploymentrules,stressingthatmigrantscouldotherwisebedeported(驱逐出境)orbannedfromentry.Themanualwaswrittenprimarilyforillegalmigrants,AlexanderKalinin,whoheadsthegroupSupportforWorkingMigrantsinMoscow,toldBBCRussian."Wewanttoraisetheirleveloflawawareness,"headded.Migrantcharactershadinitially(最初)beenidentifiedasrepresentativesofdifferentnationalities,butthebook’sauthorslaterdecidedtodropthisideasoas"nottooffendanyone",saidMr.Kalinin."TheoldconflictbetweenRussianheroesandnon-Slavicinvadersisbeingrevived,"YevgenyVarshaver,amigrationexperttoldBBCRussian.Healsosuggestedthatthelanguageusedinthebookwouldbe"difficult"tounderstandforsomemigrantswhowerenotnativeRussianspeakers.8.Theunderlinedword"antagonists"inParagraph1canprobablybereplacedby"_____".A.friends B.acquaintancesC.cooperators D.opponents9.PeoplefromothercountriescometoMoscow"_____"A.tofindwell-paidjobs B.tohaveanewlifestyleC.toenjoythefineclimate D.toexperienceanewculture10.Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout"_____".A.consequencesthemigrantsmaysufferB.thepurposeofpublishingthehandbookC.themeasurestoattractforeignmigrantsD.charactersandtheirfunctionsinRussianfairytales11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.WaystohelpforeignmigrantstosettleinRussiaB.CharactersfromRussianfairytaleshavenewjobsC.MoreandmoreforeignmigrantstoworkinMoscowD.MoscowfairytalecomicstohelpmigrantsbehaveDInthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsincomepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehigh-payingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation.Othershavemanagedtoreshapetheirproducingindustryforaneweconomy.Higher-payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices."ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible，”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartcompanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh'seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandincomegrowthtothearea.Manufacturersofhigh-techmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowingincomepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslower-skilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What'smore,high-payingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soit'dbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.12.InwhataspectdoesPittsburghsetagoodexample?A.Transformingoldenergyintonewenergy.B.Creatingmorewell-paidjobs.C.Prohibitingthemanufacturing.D.Sponsoringhighereducation.13.Howdosomeacademicinstitutionshelpwiththelocaleconomy?A.Byhelpingtoattractmoretalentsfromotherareas.B.Byprovidingmuchtechnicalsupporttolocalcompanies.C.Byhostingtechcentersforlocaleducatedgraduates.D.Byassistinginemployingalargenumberofeducatedyouths.14.WhyisPatrickAdlermentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthedisadvantageofadecliningpopulation.B.Tosuggestincreasinghigh-payingjobs.C.Toraisedoubtsaboutgrowingincomepercapita.D.Totellareasonwhylower-skilledworkersflee.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowFastJobGrowthIsRelatedtoPopulationGrowthB.HowLess-crowdedCitiesPlanTheirHigh-techEconomyC.WhySomeCitiesAreLosingPeoplebutGettingWealthierD.WhySomeCitiesAreSufferingFromaShrinkingPopulation第二节(共5小题；每题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多出选项。Nowadaysalongwiththeboomingofcomputerscience,computersarewidelyusedhereandthere.Peopleevencanfindcomputersinmostclassrooms.Whileteachersremainmoreorlessthesame,computersaredoublinginspeedandcapabilityeveryfouryears.___16___AsfarasIamconcerned,teachersstillplayamajorroleandarestillofgreatimportance.___17___Howeveradvancedtheymaybe,computersarenothingmorethanhumaninventionsprogrammedtoperformcertaintasks.Theyareunabletodealwithstudentswithdifferentbackground.Needlesstosay,aclassroomisaplacewhereindividualattentionandcreativitymattermost.Therefore,computersarenobetterthanothertoolsusedbyteachersandcouldn’tpossiblymaketherolesplayedbythemweaker.Intermsofaccuracyandtheamountofinformation,computersoutshinehumans.___18___Indeed,agoodteacherorganizesandinspiresthestudents.Besides,theinteractionbetweenstudentsandteachersisvitalforthelearning.Accordingtomosteducationauthorities,reallearningoccursduringthediscussionandsharingofideaswithone’steacherandclassmates.Moreover,ateacheristheretomonitoreveryslightchangeinstudents’attitude,torespondtoandencouragethemwhenevertheyshowsignsoffrustrationandimpatience.___19___Despitetheincreasingpresenceofcomputersinsideclassrooms,teachersarejustasessential,ifnotmoreso,asinstructorswereinthepast.___20___A.It’stimethatteachersshoulddevelopthemselves.B.Withoutthiskindofinteraction,educationisunimaginable.C.Advancedascomputersmaybe,someteachersarelessimpatient.D.Buttomakeagoodteachermeansfarmorethanbeinganencyclopedia(百科全书).E.Peoplecan’thelpwonderingwhetherteachersareasimportantastheyoncewere.F.Somedrawbacksmakeitimpossibleforcomputerstoreplaceteachersinclassrooms.G.Itiswellknownthatcomputersarebetteratrepetitiveworkbutincapableofcreativethinking.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Youneverknowhowfarakindactcango.Youdon’tknowwhoitcan____21____,either.WhenGloriaPorterandJeffReickbegan____22____,theyhadnoideahowmuchitwould____23____otherstoshower(大量予以)peoplewithkindness.89-year-oldGloriaPorterwaslyinginhospital.Shecouldn’tleaveherward.Soto____24____boredom,shewouldoftenstareoutsideherwindowtowatchconstructionworkersbuildingthenewfrontentrancetothehospital.Shewasn’texpectingoneofthe____25____towavetoher.Shecouldn’thelpbutwavebackatthekind____26____.Thiswasonlythestartofaspecial____27____betweenthetwo.JeffReickknewPorterwas____28____,sohedecidedtosendakind____29____toherbyfindingsomechalkandwriting“GetWell”ononeofthebeams(梁)facingher____30____.“Ijustthoughtthatwas____31____,”Portersaid.“SoIshoulddosomethingto____32____that.”WhenPortersawconstructionworkersworkinghighabovethegroundonecold,windyday,shegrew____33____.Shewrote“Staysafe”onapieceofpaper,whichshethen____34____onthewindowfortheworkerstosee.“WhenIsaw4Staysafe’onapieceofpaper,I____35____andsaidtomycoworkers,‘Didyouseethat?’”Reicksaid.Thehospitalstafftookphotosofthatand____36____themonsocialmedia.Thesimpleactsofkindness____37____andmanypeoplewereemployedinsimilaracts,includingonewomanwhodelivered____38____pizzatotheconstructionworkers.“Ijusttrytoleadbyexampleandneverexpectsomuch____39____,”Reicksaid.“Ifeverybody____40____doesthingslikethat,theworldwillbeabetterplace.”21.A.disturb B.employ C.affect D.describe22.A.communicating B.singing C.arguing D.explaining23.A.require B.warn C.force D.encourage24.A.makefor B.putoff C.figureout D.escapefrom25.A.workers B.nurses C.doctors D.patients26.A.job B.inspiration C.gesture D.favor27.A.business B.connection C.difference D.trouble28.A.lonely B.upset C.ill D.poor29.A.1etter B.message C.note D.warning30.A.window B.entrance C.wall D.door31.A.impolite B.necessary C.familiar D.precious32.A.record B.return C.recover D.remember33.A.puzzled B.worried C.thrilled D.annoyed34.A.knocked B.installed C.placed D.drew35.A.camedown B.brokedown C.showedup D.turnedaround36.A.shared B.found C.mentioned D.deleted37.A.happened B.succeeded C.spread D.formed38.A.expensive B.free C.ordinary D.cheap39.A.participation B.satisfaction C.solution D.introduction40.A.merely B.apparently C.especially D.willingly第二节(共10小题;每题L5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号内单词的对的形式。Researchersexaminedthebenefitsofsingingamongpeoplewithmentalhealthconditions___41___(include)anxietyanddepression.Theyfoundpeoplewhotookpartinacommunitysinginggroupimprovedtheirmentalhealthandthatthecombinationofsingingandsocialisingwasanimportantpartof___42___(recover).Thegrassrootsactionrunsweeklysingingworkshopsforthepeople___43___mentalhealthconditionsaswellasthegeneralpublic.It___44___(original)beganatahospitalin,___45___afterwardsmovedintothecommunity.Around120peoplenowattendfourfreeworkshopseachweekacrossNorfolk,twothirdsof___46___havehadcontactwithmentalhealthservices.Theresearchprojectfollowedthegroupforsixmonthsand___47___(undertake)interviewsandfocusgroupswithparticipants,organisers,andworkshop___48___(leader).Thereportshowshowsingingandsocialisinggaveparticipants___49___feelingofbelongingandwellbeingthatoftenlastedadayor___50___(many),aswellasimprovedsocialskillsandconfidence.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师规定同桌之间互换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的如下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有三处。错误波及一种单词的增长，删除或修改。增长：在缺词处加一种漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多出的词用（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改仅限一词；2、只容许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Recently,asthedevelopmentoftheInternet,thereisakindoflanguagecallingtheWebLanguage.TheotherdayourclasshaveadiscussionaboutwhetherweshouldwelcometheWebLanguage.Fortypercentofstudentsthinkitridiculous.Intheiropinions,itcan’thelppeoplecommunicating,norisitusefulforlearningEnglish.Besides,itwillmakeChinesemorestandard,finallyruiningourmothertongue.However,60%ofourclassarefondofit.Theythinkitsimply,convenientandhelpfulinexpressingthemselves.Personally,Idon’tthinkthatagoodhabittousetheWebLanguage.Itmaybepopular,butyoumayalsomakeyourselfbemisunderstood.第二节书面体现(满分25分)52.你校英语节组织“你最爱慕的卡通电影人物”英语征文评比。你打算推荐“花木兰”，请你根据如下提醒写一篇短文参与评比。（1）简述木兰代父参军的故事；（2）你喜欢这一角色的理由。注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以合适增长细节，以使行文连贯；（3）文章的开头已为你写好，不计入词数。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________