英国文学浪漫主义时期

精品TheRomanticPeriod

(1798-1832)精品IntroductionEnglishRomanticismbeginsin1798withthepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge’s

TheLyricalBalladsandendsin1832withWalterScott’sdeath.WilliamBlakeandRobertBurnsalsobelongtothisliterarygenre,thoughtheylivepriortotheRomanticperiod.精品WhatisRomanticismRomanticismisamovementthatemergedasareactionagainstNeoclassicism新古典主义,theageprecedingtheRomanticmovement.TheNeoclassicalagewasalsocalledthe“TheageofEnlightenment”,whichemphasizedonreasonandlogic.TheRomanticperiodwantedtobreakawayfromthetraditionsandconventionsthatweredeartotheNeoclassicalageandmakewayforindividualityandexperimentation.精品DefinitionfromWikipediaRomanticism(ortheRomanticEraorthe"'RomanticPeriod"')wasanartistic,literaryandintellectualmovementthatoriginatedinthesecondhalfofthe18thcenturyinEurope,andgainedstrengthinreactiontotheIndustrialRevolution.Inpart,itwasarevolt反叛;反抗againstaristocraticsocialandpoliticalnorms标准,规范oftheAgeofEnlightenmentandareactionagainstthescientificrationalizationofnature.Itwasembodiedmoststronglyinthevisualarts,music,andliterature,buthadamajorimpactonhistoriography,educationandnaturalhistory.精品HistoricalBackgroundPolitically:theFrenchRevolution"DeclarationofRightsofMan"(1791-2),ThomasPaine

"InquiryconcerningPoliticalJustice"(1793),WilliamGodwin"AVindicationoftheRightsofWoman"(1792),MaryWollstonecraft

Workers’Movement精品Economically:theIndustrialRevolutionContinuedfastchangestookplacebothinthecountryandinthecities;Manyfarmhandsdrivenoutoflandrushedintothecity;Womenandchildrenwereemployedascheaplabor;Newmachinesweresetup,renderingmanyoutofwork;Disparitywasgrowingbetweentherichandthepoor;精品IdeologicallyTheprincipleofRationwasgivingwaytoanindividualized,free,liberal,imaginativeattitudetowardslife;atendencytoturnorescapefromthetumultuous嘈杂的动乱的andconfusingsociety

精品CharacteristicsofRomanticismLoveofNature:TheRomanticsgreatlyemphasizedontheimportanceofnature,andoneofthemaincharacteristicsofRomanticisminpoetryisthebeautyofnaturefoundinthecountrylife.Thiswasmainlybecausetheindustrialrevolutionhadtakenmanfromthepeacefulcountrylifetowardsthecitylife,transformingman'snaturalorder.NaturewasnotonlyappreciatedforitsphysicalbeautybytheRomantics,butalsoforitsabilitytohelptheurbanmanfindhistrueidentity.

精品Emotionsvs.Rationality:UnliketheNeoclassicalagewhichfocusedonrationalityandintellect,Romanticismplacedhumanemotions,feelings,instinctandintuitionaboveeverythingelse.Whilethepoetsintheformereraadheredtotherulesandregulationswhileselectingasubjectandwritingaboutit,theRomanticwriterstrustedtheiremotionsandfeelingstocreatepoetry.ThisbeliefcanbeconfirmedfromthedefinitionofpoetrybyWilliamWordsworth,wherehesaysthat"poetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings".TheemphasisonemotionswasalsospreadtomusiccreatedintheRomanticperiod,andwasseeninthecompositionsmadebygreatmusicianslikeWeber,Beethoven,Schumann,etc.

精品Artist,theCreator:AstheRomanticperiodemphasizedonemotions,thepositionorroleoftheartistorthepoetalsogainedsupremacy.Intheearliertimes,theartistwasseenasapersonwhoimitatedtheexternalworldthroughhisart.However,Romanticismrevertedthisbelief.Thepoetorartistwasseenasacreatorofapieceofworkwhichreflectedhisindividualityandinnermind.Itwasalsoforthefirsttimethatthepoemswritteninthefirstpersonwerebeingaccepted,asthepoeticpersonabecameonewiththevoiceofthepoet.

精品Nationalism:TheRomanticsborrowedheavilyfromthefolkloreandthepopularart.Duringtheearlierperiods,literatureandartwereconsideredtobelongtothehighclasseducatedpeople,andthecountryfolkswerenotconsideredfittoenjoythem.Also,thelanguageusedintheseworkswerehighlypoetic,whichwastotallydifferentfromthatwhichwasspokenbypeople.However,Romanticismchangedallthis.Theirworkswereinfluencedfromtheballadsandfolklorethatwerecreatedbythemassesorthecommonpeople,ratherthanfromtheliteraryworksthatwerepopular.Apartfrompoetry,adoptingfromthefolkloreandballadsisalsooneoftheveryimportantcharacteristicsofRomanticisminmusic.AstheRomanticsbecameinterestedandfocusedondevelopingthefolklore,culture,language,customsandtraditionsoftheirowncountry,theydevelopedasenseofNationalismwhichreflectedintheirworks.Also,thelanguageusedinRomanticpoemsweresimplewhichwasusuallyusedineverydaylife.

精品Exoticism:AlongwithNationalism,theRomanticsevendevelopedtheloveoftheexotic.Hence,inmanyoftheliteraryaswellasartisticworksofthatperiod,thefaroffandmysteriouslocationsweredepicted.ThoughthiswascompletelyoppositefromtheidealofNationalism,theyneverclashedwitheachother.Thereasonforthisisthatjustliketheexoticlocations,thepeopledidnotknowaboutthefolkloreoftheirplacesbefore,andsotheyseemedtobeasvagueasthefarawayplaces.ExoticismisalsooneofthemostprominentcharacteristicsofRomanticisminart,alongwithsentimentalityandspirituality.

精品Supernatural:AnothercharacteristicofRomanticismisthebeliefinthesupernatural.TheRomanticswereinterestedinthesupernaturalandincludeditintheirworks.ThisfascinationforthemysteriousandtheunrealalsoleadtothedevelopmentoftheGothicromancewhichbecamepopularduringthisperiod.SupernaturalelementscanbeseeninColeridge's,'KublaKhan'andinKeats'poem'LaBelleDameSansMerci'.

精品OverviewofRomanticliteratureTheromanticperiodisanageofpoetry.WordsworthandColeridgearethemostrepresentativewriters.Theyexplorenewtheoriesandinnovatenewtechniquesinversification诗律.Theybelievethatpoetrycouldpurifyindividualsoulsandsociety.精品LakepoetsWordsworth,ColeridgeandSoutheywereknownasLakePoetsbecausetheylivedandknewoneanotherinthelastfewyearsofthe18thcenturyinthedistrictofthegreatlakesinNorthwesternEngland.TheformertwopublishedTheLyricalBalladstogetherin1798,whileallthreeofthemhadradicalinclinationsintheiryouthbutlaterturnedconservativeandreceivedpensionsandpoetlaureateshipsfromthearistocracy.精品SatanicPoetsOthergreatestRomanticpoetsare:JohnKeats,P.B.ShelleyandG.G.Byron.TheyarereferredtoasSatanicPoetsbyRobertSoutheyfortheirviolentimaginationandrebelliousspirit.精品

Feministworks

MaryWollstonecraftwroteAVindicationoftheRightsofWomanin1792.Gothicnovelisatypeofromanticfictionthatpredominatesinthelate18thcenturyandcontinuestoshowitsinfluenceinearly19thcentury.Itsprincipalelementsareviolence,horror,andthesupernatural.Frankenstein(1818)byMaryShelleyandTheMysteriesofUdolpho(1794)byAnnRadcliffearemasterpiecesofEnglishgothicnovel.精品RomanticFictionsEnglishfictiongropesitswayamidsttheoverwhelmingRomanticpoetry.ItrevivesitspopularityinthehandsofJaneAusten&WalterScott.WalterScottisnotedforhishistoricalnovelbasedonScottishhistoryandlegends.HeexertedgreatinfluenceonEuropeanliteratureofhistime.JaneAustenisthefirstandforemostEnglishwomennovelist.Followingtheneoclassicaltradition,sheisunsurpassedinthedescriptionofuneventfuleverydaylife.精品Newpoeticfeatureslanguage:simple,everydaylifespeech,commonvocabularyandaccentdialect

e.g.Blake,Wordsworthform:lyrics(sonnet,ode),narrative(ballad)purpose:emotional,confessionalandvisionary/propheticprinciples:imagination精品subject:nature

therural/pastoralthepast/historicalthealien/exotic,orientalthesupernatural/mysterious(dreamsordream-like)thepersonalthecommon/lowclasstherevolutionarythepatriotic精品WilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)英国浪漫主义文学先驱，“湖畔派”诗人中创作成就最大的一位精品Wordsworth’sLife

alawyer’sfamilydeathofparentsgrammarschoollakedistrictCambridge,vocation1790,summertourtoFrance精品AftergettinghisdegreeinCambridge1791,backtoFrancefinancialdifficulties1797,ColeridgeweakenedrevolutionaryspiritseclusioninLakeDistrict1843,PoetLaureatediedin1850,attheageof80精品

MajorLiteraryWorksDescriptiveSketches,anEveningWalk(1793):hisfirstvolumewritteninthe18thcenturyfeelingfornaturaldescriptionLyricalBallads(1798):themanifestoofEnglishRomanticismThePrelude(1805):posthumouslyin1850;hisgreatestworkPoemsinTwoVolumes(1807):contains“Ode:IntimationsofImmortality”,theautobiographicalnarrative“ResolutionandIndependence”TheExcursion(1814)精品SubjectsPoemsonnature“ToaButterfly”“ToaSkylark”“TotheCuckoo”“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”“TinternAbbey”精品

PoemsonsimplerusticlifeinthecountrysideLucypoems“SheDweltAmongtheUntroddenWays”Otherpoemsaboutcommonpeopleandtheirhumblelife“Michael”“TheSolitaryReaper”精品CharacteristicsofWordsworth’spoetyWordsworth'spersonalityandpoetryweredeeplyinfluencedbyhisloveofnature,especiallybythesightsandscenesoftheLakeCountry.Aprofoundlyearnestandsincerethinker,hedisplayedahighseriousnesscomparable,attimes,toMilton'sbuttemperedwithtendernessandaloveofsimplicity.Pioneerintheuseofthelanguageofordinaryspeech.(criticizedforthisquality)精品Wordsworth’stheoryofpoetry

“Theprincipalobject,then,whichIproposedtomyselfinthesepoemsaretochooseincidentsandsituationsfromcommonlifeandtorelateordescribethem,throughout,asfaraswaspossible,inaselectionoflanguagereallyusedbymen;and,atthesametime,tothrowoverthemacertaincolouringofimagination,wherebyordinarythingsshouldbepresentedtothemindinanunusualway;andaboveall,tomaketheseincidentsandsituationsinterestingbytracinginthem,trulythoughnotostentatiously,theprimarylawsofournature:chieflyasfarasregardsthemannerinwhichweassociateideasinastateofexcitement.”(PrefacetothesecondeditionoftheLyricalBallads)精品华兹华斯的诗论关于诗歌的题材问题——以微贱的田园生活作题材关于诗歌的语言问题——采用人们（农村的下层民众）真正使用的语言来加以描述或描写关于诗的本质问题——诗是强烈情感的自然流露诗人的特殊才能——想象力和语言表达能力——《抒情歌谣集•序言》精品Significance:

WithSamuelTaylorColeridgeusheredintheEnglishRomanticmovementManyconsiderhimthemostimportantEnglishRomanticpoetsucceededSoutheyasPoetLaureate精品她住在人迹罕至的小路间SheDweltAmongtheUntroddenWay她住在人迹罕至的小路间在鸽子谷的清泉旁一个无人赞扬也很少人爱的姑娘。青苔边的一朵紫罗兰一半令人看不见美得像颗星星，孤孤单单在天上闪现。她默默无闻，很少有人晓得露西死于何时但她已在墓中，啊！我怅然若失！精品Itisathree-stanzapoem,isthebestknownofWordsworth'sseriesoffiveworkswhichcomprisehis"Lucy"series,andwasafavouriteamongstearlyreaders.Itwascomposedbothasameditationonhisownfeelingsoflonelinessandloss,andasanodetothebeautyanddignityofanidealisedwomanwholivedunnoticedbyallothersexceptbythepoethimself.精品我曾远游海外

ITravelledamongUnknownMan我曾远游海外，周围都是陌生的眼光;英格兰，不知爱你有多深沉，只因未曾去过异国他乡!

忧郁的梦全都散去，远游的念头旱已消亡，只因爱你越发深沉，我不愿再次背起行囊。你的崇山中有我的欢乐，你的峻岭下有我的期望;傍着英格兰炉火摇着纺车，还有我那心爱的姑娘。

你的展曦照着她在林阴流连，你的夜幕伴着她在茅舍徜徉;还有你那碧绿的田野。引来露西最后深情的眺望。精品IWanderedLonelyasacloud精品我如行云独自游IWanderedLonelyasacloud

我好似一朵孤独的流云，高高地飘游在山谷之上，突然我看到一大片鲜花，是金色的水仙遍地开放。它们开在湖畔，开在树下它们随风嬉舞，随风飘荡。它们密集如银河的星星，像群星在闪烁一片晶莹；它们沿着海湾向前伸展，通往远方仿佛无穷无尽；一眼看去就有千朵万朵，万花摇首舞得多么高兴。粼粼湖波也在近旁欢跳，却不如这水仙舞得轻俏；诗人遇见这快乐的旅伴，又怎能不感到欢欣雀跃进；我久久凝视----却未领悟这景象所给予我的精神至宝。后来多少次我郁郁独卧，感到百无聊赖心灵空漠；这景象便在脑海中闪现，多少次安慰过我的寂寞；我的心又随水仙跳起舞来，我的心又重新充满了欢乐.精品Thisissimplyasuperbpoemdepictingpoet'slovefornature.Itisalyricpoemfocusingonthepoet'sresponsetothebeautyofnature.Thepoetisneveralonewhenheiswithnature.Poetneverfelthimselfisolatedinthecompanyofnature.HeistruelyaPantheist,wholovesnatureasamother.Thepoemtellsusthattheblisswecanenjoyintherealsenseofthetermifwecanmergeinthenature.精品威斯敏斯特桥上ComposedUponWestminsterBridge(sonnet)大地再没有比这儿更美的风貌：

若有谁，对如此壮丽动人的景物

竟无动于衷，那才是灵魂麻木；

瞧这座城市，像披上一领新袍，

披上了明艳的晨光；环顾周遭：

船舶，尖塔，剧院，教堂，华屋，

都寂然、坦然，向郊野、向天穹赤露，

在烟尘未染的大气里粲然闪耀。旭日金挥洒布于峡谷山陵，

也不比这片晨光更为奇丽；

我何尝见过、感受过这深沉的宁静！

河上徐流，由着自己的心意；

上帝呵！千门万户都沉睡未醒，

这整个宏大的心脏仍然在歇息！

精品ThepoemisasonnetdescribingLondon,viewedfromoneofthebridgesovertheThames,intheearlymorning.Itwasfirstpublishedin1807.InthepoemthethemeisthatofNature.Thisreiterateshisconvictionthatthecity,atthisparticularpointofday,doesnotclashwithnaturebutbecomesapartofit.精品Thesolitaryreaper孤独的割麦女看，一个孤独的高原姑娘

在远远的田野间收割，

一边割一边独自歌唱，——

请你站住．或者俏悄走过！

她独自把麦子割了又捆，

唱出无限悲凉的歌声，

屏息听吧！深广的谷地

已被歌声涨满而漫溢！

还从未有过夜莺百啭，

唱出过如此迷人的歌，

在沙漠中的绿荫间

抚慰过疲惫的旅客；

还从未有过杜鹃迎春，

声声啼得如此震动灵魂，

在遥远的赫布利底群岛

打破过大海的寂寥。

精品她唱什么，谁能告诉我？

忧伤的音符不断流涌，

是把遥远的不聿诉说？

是把古代的战争吟咏？

也许她的歌比较卑谦，

只是唱今日平凡的悲欢，

只是唱自然的哀伤苦痛——

昨天经受过，明天又将重逢？

姑娘唱什么，我猜不着，

她的歌如流水永无尽头；

只见她一面唱一面干活，

弯腰挥镰，操劳不休……

我凝神不动，听她歌唱，

然后，当我登上了山岗，

尽管歌声早已不能听到，

它却仍在我心头缭绕。精品ThemesThepoemmainlydiscussesthethemeofpoetryWordsworthmaintainedthatpoetryshouldnotrelyonartificialdictionforitseffort.Rather,itshouldbewritteninmoreordinarylanguageandsimplerformsothatallclassesmightappreciateit.精品Byron精品LifeFamily:

BornlameinanimpoverishnoblefamilyFatherdiedwhenhewasthree;livedinlonelinessandpovertywithhismotherinScotlandMadeLordByronat10bythedeathofhisgranduncle精品Earlyexperience:Cambridge:HoursofIdleness(1807);andEnglishBardsandScotchReviewerstwoyearslaterTourontheContinent(1809-1811):visitedPortugal,Spain,Albania,GreeceandTurkey精品ReturntoEngland:Embarkedonhispoliticalcareer;madespeechesintheparliamenttosupporttheproletariatPublishedthefirsttwocantosofChildeHarold’sPilgrimage(1812);wrotesomenarrativepoemswhichwerecalled“OrientalTales”MarriedAnnMilbankwholefthimoneyearafterthemarriage精品YearsontheContinentInSwitzerland:madeacquaintancewithShelleyInItaly:finishedChildeHarold’sPilgrimage;wrote

DonJuan,CainInGreece:plungedhimselfintoGreekpeople’sstrugglefornationalindependence;diedoffever精品MajorWorksEnglishBardsandScotchReviewers(1809)OrientalTalesTheGiaour(1813)TheCorsair(1814)Lara(1814)ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage(1812-1818)DonJuan(1818-1819)PoeticDrama:Manfred(1817)Cain(1821)TheTwoFoscari(1821)精品ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage4cantos,writtenintheSpenserianstanzaCantoI:Portugal&SpainCantoII:Albania&GreeceCantoIII:hisdaughter&thepoliticalstrugglesofthedayCantoIV:Italy精品DonJuanByron’smasterpiece,writtenintheprimeofhiscreativepowerintention:“toremovetheclokewhichthemannersandmaximsofsocietythrowovertheirsecretsins,andshewthemtotheworldastheyreallyare”(topresentapanoramicviewofdifferenttypesofsociety;thedifferencebetweenlife’sappearanceanditsactuality)Epicsatire:asatireonabusesofthepresentsociety;精品ArtisticFeaturesRevolutionaryspiritByronicheroVarietyinstylefrompassionateoutcriestopatheticutterance,fromsolemnexpressionstoironicmockeries,fromseriousmusingstoplayfulfancies,fromhighlylyricalpassagestoeverydayprosaicspeech,fromloftyphrasesingrandstyletoclownishplayonwords.精品ByronicHeroaproudrevolutionaryfigureofnobleorigin,risingsinglehandedagainstanykindoftyrannicrulesingovernmentorreligionormoralsocietywithunconquerablewillsandinexhaustibleenergies.ThesetoweringfiguresstandinsharpcontrastwiththeheroesintheversenarrativesoftheLakePoets,whoareeithersubmissiveagentsofGodorofothersupernaturalforcesorarewrappedinthemysteriousatmosphereofmysticismormagic.精品EvaluationHavinggreatinfluenceontheromanticpoetrywiththenoveltyofhisorientalscenery,theromanticcharacteroftheByronichero,andtheeasy,fluentandnaturalbeautyofhisverse.Twocontroversialopinions:InEngland:thepervertedman,thesatanicpoetOntheContinent:thechampionofliberty,poetofthepeople精品Shelley精品LifeBornintoanaristocraticfamilyenteredtheOxfordUniversityCollegein1810;expelledfromthecollegeforpublishingTheNecessityOfAtheismin1811elopedwiththe16-yearoldHarrietWestbrook;spentthefollowingtwoyearstravelinginEnglandandIreland,distributingpamphletsandspeakingagainstpoliticalinjustice.In1813publishedhisfirstimportantpoem,theatheisticQueenMab.精品In1814traveledabroadwithMaryWollstonecraftGodwin;marriedMaryWollstonecraftafterHarrietdrownedherselfin1816WroteTheSpiritofSolitude(1816)andTheRevoltofIslam(1817)movedtoItaly;drownedin1822精品MajorWorksInEngland:QueenMabTheSpiritofSolitudeTheRevoltofIslam精品InItaly:Twopoeticdramas:PrometheusUnboundTheCenciProse:ADefenseofPoetry精品Poems:Politicallyrics:TheMaskofAnarchySongtotheMenofEngland

LyricsonnatureandloveOdetotheWestWindToaSkylarkElegy:Adonais精品Odealyricpoemofsomelength,dealingwithaloftythemeinadignifiedmannerandoriginallyintendedtobesung精品RomanticodeEvolvedfromtheancientGreekode,writteninaseroustonetocelebrateaneventortopraiseanindividualNotintendedtobesung,yetquiteemotionalTheauthorfocusesonascene,pondersitsmeaning,andpresentsahighlypersonalreactiontoitthatincludesaspecialinsightattheendofthepoem精品OdetotheWestWind

Contents

ThisisoneofShelley'sbestknownlyrics.Thepoetdescribesvividlytheactivitiesofthewestwindontheearth,intheskyandontheseaandthenexpresseshisenvyfortheboundlessfreedomofthewestwindandhiswishtobefreelikeitandtoscatterhiswordsamongmankind.Thecelebratedfinallineofthepoem,"Ifwintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind"hasoftenbeencitedtoillustrateShelley'soptimisticbeliefinthefutureofmankind.精品Characteristicsagreatvarietyofpoeticalstylerichinmyth,symbolsandclassicalallusionsastrongdramaticpoweranintellectualthoughtabundantinpersonificationandmetaphorandotherfiguresofspeech精品ShelleyandByronComparedByron:onlyattachedpoliticaltyranny;thoughtmoreofone’spersonalhappinessandsorrowandbelievedchieflyinthemightofindividualheroesbuthadcontemptforthecommonpeopleShelley:alsosawthecruelrelationsofeconomicexploitationinthefeudalbourgeoisworld;hadfaithinthecollectivestrengthofthepeopleandworkedfortheinterestsofthemasses精品JohnKeats精品LifeBornin1795;sonofalivery-stablekeeperapprenticedat15tolearnsurgerydevotehimselftopoetryundertheinfluenceofLeighHuntandtheartistHaydonin1816精品Literarycreationfrom1816-1820:PublishedhisearlypoemsinTheExaminer(1816)Publishedhisfirstvolumeofpoetry,metwithveryseverecriticism(1818)Publishedhissecondvolumeofpoetry(1820)Fellillwithtuberculosis;traveledtoItalyupontheinvitationofShelley(1820)Diedofillness(1821)精品MajorWorksOnFirstLookingintoChapman’sHomerEndymionLamia,Isabella,TheEveofSt.Agnes,&OtherPoemsOdes:

OdetoaNightingaleOdeonaGrecianUrnOdetoPsycheOdeonMelancholyToAutumn精品OdeonaGrecianUrn精品OdeonaGrecianUrnTimeTheodewaswritteninMay1819outofcollectionofmemoryofseveralvisitstoexhibition.精品精品你，嫁给静寂的，童贞的新娘，

你，被静默和悠远收养的孩子，

林野的史家，擅长在画上宣扬

艳压诗篇的，繁花一般的传奇：

身上环绕的，绿叶缘饰的传说

讲述神还是凡人，或兼有两者？

在腾佩，或怀抱溪谷的阿卡迪？

什么人或神？少女竟如此难惹？

多疯的追求？怎样挣扎的逃脱？

什么笛子手鼓？多野性的狂喜

精品清歌闻之甚美，然而未听见的

更妙；婉转的笛子，请你吹吧

不是为感官的双耳，你要变得

更奇妙，为精神吹出无声的歌：

碧树下的美少年，你不会离开

你的歌，绿荫也不会抛开树木

莽撞的恋人，你永世都吻不上，

虽然万分接近——但不要悲哀，

她与衰老无缘，虽无艳福可享，

你却永坠爱河，如她芳华常驻！

精品啊，喜悦层生的枝条！你不会

飘落绿叶，也不会向春天挥别；

而你，欢快的乐手，永不疲惫

永远在吹奏，永远新鲜的仙乐

更多欢畅的爱！更多幸福的爱！

总是暖意融融，只等欢乐纵情

永远都在搏动，永远青春四射；

所有呼吸的人欲，都远远抛开

离开悲痛莫名的，厌烦的心灵，

高烧不退的额头，焦渴的唇舌

精品是一群什么人，赶来参加祭献？

对着天空鸣叫的，那头小母牛，

丝滑的腰身上，围着缤纷花环

噢，神秘的祭司，你把它牵走

要去哪座绿色祭坛？什么小镇

在河畔还是海滨，还是在山间

傍着幽静的山寨，为这乡俗里

敬神的早晨，腾出所有的人民？

你的街道永远沉默，无人重返

就没人讲述，你为何如此孤寂。精品噢，雅典的形体！情态的美妙！

大理石的繁带，密布男女身上

还有佳木的枝叶，踏过的野草

你，沉默的塑形，像永恒一样

引我们超越思想：凉的田园诗！

年华逝去，将催老我们这一辈，

你在别样的悲伤中，不曾代谢

一个人类的朋友，对我们感喟

“美是真，真也是美”这就是

你知道，和你需要知道的一切。

精品SummaryHerethepoetgiveshiscommentonaGreekvasewhich,asarelicofancientculture,hascaughthisimagination.Onthesurfaceofthevasethereisanornamentalbandofsculpturewithfiguresoftrees,pipes,andloversonit.Thoughtheyarequietforms,theypossessandconveythebeauty,thesignificanceandtheeternityofart,whichappealedtoKeats.Soattheendofthepoem,thepoetemphasizestherelationshipbetw