2024届高考英语一轮复习：定语从句的应用 学案（无答案）

第第页2024届高考英语一轮复习：定语从句的应用学案（无答案）定语从句的应用

限定性定语从句：限定_______，无逗号隔开

一．定语从句的分类：

x非限定性定语从句：不限定先行词，做句子的补充说明，有____隔开

非限定性定语从句的引导词不能为that”

试比较：Ihaveasonwhoisadoctor.我有一个做医生的儿子。

Ihaveason，whoisadoctor.我有一个儿子，他是一名医生。

你能说出他们意义上的区别吗？__________________________________________________________

二．定语从句的结构：_______词+关系词+_______从句

三．定语从句的翻译方式：

1若定语从句较短，可将整个句子翻译为_______

如Imeetapersonwhohasgoodtemperandiskindtome.

我遇到一个脾气温和并对我很好的人。

2若定语从句较长，可将引导词翻译出来，which(这)，where（_______），when（_______），why（_______）

如：Chunqiuperiodwasasymbolichistoricaltimewhentherulersofseparatedstatessetupaseparatistregimebyforceofarmsandcompetedfortalentedpeople.

春秋时期是一段象征性的历史时期，这个时期里诸侯割据，各统治者争夺人才。

3介词+which或介词+whom

介词直译+which翻译为（_______）

介词直译+whom翻译为（这个人或这些人）

翻译：Wehaveinvitedabout100expertstoattendthemeeting,mostofwhomspealizeininformationtechnology.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

翻译：Thecomplications(并发症)willgreatlyincreasetheriskofdiabetes（糖尿病）,bywhichabout75%of

thedeathsarecaused.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

四．定语从句关系词的选择

指人:that、who、whom（作主语或宾语）

关系代词（在定语从句中作主语或宾语或定语）指物:that、which、as（作主语或宾语）

指所属：whose（作定语）

关系副词（在定语从句中作状语）:where、when、why(可相当于介词+which的结构)

先判断先行词在从句中所做成分，再结合语境进行选择。

1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheSummerPalaceinBeijing.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich

2.Theprizewillgotothewriter________sciencefrictionshowsthemostimagination.

A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what

3.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation____youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.

A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as

4.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.

A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that

5.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.

A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich

6.Abankistheplace______theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.

A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there

7.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.

A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which

定语从句的写作应用：

1.我还记得我加入足球俱乐部的那一天。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2.同理心（Sympathy）带给人们温暖和善意，能帮助我们和他人建立联系。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

3.最终，那小偷把偷来的所有东西都交给警察了.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

4.生命就像一条大河，时而(therearemomentswhen)宁静时而疯狂。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

5.他不认识我提到的教授。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

6.村庄的变化太大了，似乎不大可能找到十年前我们游泳的那条小溪（creek）了。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

7.这个男孩的从他的口袋里掏出（pullout）一支手表,表的指针（hands）是由小的钻石制成（bemadeof）。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

8.我们经历（gothrough）了一个时期，这期间在农村的通信（telecommunication）是非常困难的。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

定语从句在2023年武汉市9月调研考试阅读理解的应用(虚线部分)

【七选五】

HaveyoueverstruggletounderstandhowsomeonefeelsBuildingupyourempathy(同理心)skillshelpsyouconnectwithyourfriends.36

Whatisempathy

Empathyisakindofcapabilitythatletsyoustepintosomeoneelse’sshoesandthenfigureouthowtheyarefeeling.Forinstance,ifyoucanseeyourfriendisupsetafterlosingafootballmatchandyousupportthembytellingthemsomewarmandmotivatingwords,youareshowingempathy.MirandaMcKearneysetupanorganizationcalledEmpathyLabthatbuildsempathythroughreading.37"Empathyisaforceforchange,"shesays.

38

Scientistssayempathyisn'tsomethingyouarebornwith,it'saskillyoucanacquirethroughlearning.Onewayyoucandothisisbyactivelistening.Whensomeoneistalkingtoyou,listencloselyandrespondinawaythatshowsyouunderstandtheirsituationsandemotionsthoroughly.Reading,advocatedbyEmpathyLab,isalsoagreatwaytoboostempathy,sincestoriescantakeyouinsidesomeoneelse'smindandshowyoutheworldthroughtheireyesand

emotions.

Putempathyintoaction.

39Thiscouldmeantryingoutsomethingthatisimportanttoafriendorfamilymember,likeexploringtheirfavouriteplace.EmpathyLabadvocatedideasforputtingempathyintoactioninschoolsorathome.Thatmightbeconnectingwithsomeonenewinyourclassandhavingafriendlyconversation,ormakingsmallchangestoyourbehaviour.Allsmallactsofkindnesstootherscanmakeadifference,whichinturnwillbecopiedbysomeoneelse.40

A.Howcanyouhavemoreempathy

B.Whoneedempathymostindailylife

C.Besides,italso"spreadskindnessandinspiresthemtodothesame.

D.Tofindoutmoreconductsyoucando,loginEmpathyLab..

E.Onlybyputtingempathyintoactioncanyourelatetoothers'badlives.

F.Shebelievesevensmall,supportiveactionscanhaveapositiveimpact.

G.Mirandarecommendsgoingintothethickofpeople'slivestoshowempathy

【B篇】

Iarrivedhomefromwork,mymindracing.Iwasscheduledtoperformanexperimentusingpriceypieceofequipment,butIhadspentthewholedayworryingabouttheexperimentwhichwasonthetopofmyagenda,andIamazinglylongedtoshutoffmyanxiousthoughts.SoafterdinnerImadeupofhotchocolate,stretchedmyselfonmysofa,andopenedapage.Almostinstantly,mymindleftbehindthedetailsofexperimentaldesignandsteppedintoalandofmonsters,magicdust,andman-likebearcomprisingwonderfulworlddistinctfrommydailylife.ItwasexactlywhatIneeded.

Growingup,Iwasvirtuallyneverabigfanofnovels.MyclassmateswouldbecrazyaboutthelatestHarryPotterbook,whilemycopysatcollectingdustonashelf.Instead,Iwouldchoosetoreadthroughthereferencebooksrelatedtomydisciplinesforbettergrades.AfterIstartedgraduateschool,extracurricularreadingdidn'tappealtomeatallbutIspentmostofmytimeoncampusdigestingresearchpapersandtextbooksandmymindcouldn'thandleprocessingfact-fillednonfictionbooksathome,too.SoIknewthatIneededtofindawaytoenjoyreadingagain.

Tohelpmestickwithit,ImadeaNewYear'sresolution:Iwouldreadtwofictionbookspermonthfortheentireyear.Theresultwasanalmostinstantappreciationoffiction,alongwithmanyunexpectedresultsincludingonesthathavebenefitedmyschoolwork.

WhatsurprisedmethemostwashowmuchIlearned.SomeofthebestbooksIreadwerehistoricalfictionalstorieshappeninginarealistichistoricalsetting.Ilearnedaboutlifeindifferentcountries,aswellasstrugglespeopletherefacedduringdifficultperiodsintheirhistories.Thebookshavehelpedmebuildsympathyandunderstanding,withanunexpectedbenefit:I'vestartedtothinkmoredeeplyaboutthediversityofissuesinthescientificcommunityandcouldserveit,heartandsoul.

24.Whatdidtheauthordotowipeouttheanxiety

A.Hedrowneditinchocolate.

B.Heconductedanexperiment.

C.Hesleptonthesofaleisurely.

D.Heescapedintoafantasyworld.

25.Whatdoestheauthormeanbytheunderlinedpartinparagraph2

A.Readingnovelswasawasteoftime.

B.Readingagoodbookwastimewellspent.

C.Hewastoobusytotakegoodcareofhisbooks.

D.TheHarryPotterbookwasn'tasgoodasexpected.

26.HowdidtheNewYear'sresolutionbenefittheauthor

A.Moresympathywentouttohim.

B.Hismoralvalueswerestrengthened.

C.Helearnedmuchaboutreligiousdiversity.

D.Hegainednewinsightintohisacademicdiscipline.

27.What'sthebesttitleofthetext

A.Reading:ALifelongHobby

B.ThePowerofResearchPapers

C.Novels:LoveatSecondSight

D.TheBenefitsofHistoryReading

【C篇】

AgroupofresearchersstudyingthebehaviorofAmurtigersSiberiantigerhavefoundthattheyhavedifferentpersonalitytypesthathelpthemsurviveandraisetheirbabytigers.

Accordingtothepreviousinvestigation,Amurtigersaredefinitelythelargestcatsintheworld.TheyliveinvastforestsinwildernessareasofeasternRussiaandinprotectedareasofnorthernChina.Thereareabout400ofthesetigersleftinthewild,althoughthereareprobablyhundredsmorelivinginzoosorreserves.

Theresearchersbasedthestudyonahumantestcalled"TheBigFive"whichscorespeopleonfivepersonalityfeatures.Theyaskedfeedersworkingwith248catsintwoshelterstospyonthetigersandgiveanaccountoftheirpersonalities.Theresultsdividedthetigersintotwogroups,whichtheresearchersdescribedashavingeither"majesty"or"steadiness".Tigersinthemajestycategorywerethosethatappeared“dignified(高贵的)andambitious'”.Thetigersinthesteadinesscategorywere"sincereandtolerant"

Majestictigershadahighersocialstatus,spentmoretimehuntingliveanimals,andmatedandatemore.Thesteadytigersseemedgentlerandlovingtowardoneanother.RosalindArden,co-authorofthestudy,said,"It'spleasanttoseethatyoudon'thavetobedominant,fierce,competitive,andaggressiveinordertosucceedasatiger,whichdoesn'tcorrespondwithpeople'straditionalinsightsintotigers."

Therewerefemaleandmaletigersinbothcategories.Infact,femaleAmurtigersarerareandfeelexhaustedaftergivingbirthtobabytigerssothatfathersoftenhelpraisethebabytigers.Havingasteadypersonality,especiallyformaleones,couldplayasignificantroleintherelativelylongamountoftime-twotothreeyears-thatbabytigersstaywiththeirparents.Theresearcherssaybothpersonalitieshaveadvantagesthathelpthetigersurvive