2018年上海高考英语届崇明区高考英语二模

崇明区2018届第二次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。请将答案填写在答题纸上）ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections: InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendof each conversation, aquestion willbeasked about whatwassaid.Theconversations and thequestionswillbe spokenonly once. Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inatrain.B.Inatheater.office.2.A.$2.4.B.$4.8.3.A.Awaitress.B.Acustomer.saleswoman.A.Theman'sair-conditionerisbroken.air-conditioning.C.Thesummerhasbeenunusuallyhot.air-conditioner.A.She'senjoyingthemusic.C.Shewouldpreferdifferentmusic.A.Sheactedlikeastrangertoday.C.Shedidn'tgivethelessontoday.A.Ajobopportunity.C.Atravelexperienee.A.Shehashadhercamerabroken.C.Shehasbeenbusytakingphotos.A.Hehasn'tpreparedwellforhislecture.Hewantsthewomantopostponethelecture.Hedoesn'tknowanythingaboutengineeiC.Inameetingroom.D.InabookingC.$7.2.D.$9.6.C.Asecretary.D.AB.Themandoesn'thaveD.Themanhasn'tbeenusinghisThemusicdoesn 'tbotherher.D.Themusicwillkeepherawake.Sheusuallytalksquietly.D.Sheusuallyassignshomework.Apositionasgeneralmanager.D.Asalesmanager'sexperiences.Shehasn'thandedinherphoto.D.Shehasn'torderedastudent 'scard.D.Heregularlygiveslecturestohighschoolstudents.A.It'smoreeffectiveifpriorityisgiventolistening.It'slesseffectiveifreadingcomesbeforelistening.It'smoreeffectiveiflisteningiscombinedwithreading.

It'slesseffectiveiftheleannerchecksthesameinformation.SectionBtheDirections: InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandoneIongerconversation,theandyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Toprovideaprotectivespaceforgiantpandas.Tostopthelossofgiantpandas' naturalhabitats.TohelpChinatoimproveitseconomyonthewhole.Toprotectthegiantpandasintheproposedterritory.A.About300. B.Around1864. C.Morethan2,000.D.Lessthan1564.A.TheparkfirstbegantobeconstructedinJanuary2017.1.5billionyuanwillbeinvestedintheconstructionofthepark.TheparkwillcoverabitmorespacethanYellowstoneNationalPark.Theplacewheretheparkistobeconstructedisapoverty-strickenarea.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Smartmirrorsthatmakeyoulookmuchsmarter.Softwareappsthatallowyoutoaddimagestophotos.Virtualmirrorsthatteachyoutousecamerafunctions.Specialappsthathelpyouseeyourimageaftertry-on.A.Theycanmakeiteasyforcustomerstomakeup.Theycanhelpstoresavoiddamage,lossandtheft.Theycanteachusershowtomakesmartproducts.Theycanimprovetheeffectofproductsoncustomers.A.Theypromotebothonlineandofflinebusinesses.Theyhavehighrequirementsformobiledevices.Theyenablecustomerstointeractwitheachother.TheyarequitesimilartopreviousappslikeSnapchat.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Theirgreatfoodandfreedrinksforlunch.Thenumerousbenefitsofdrinkinghotliquids.Thewaytogetridofunhealthydrinkinghabits.Theirdifferentperspectivesonhotandcolddrinks.A.Bycausingsweat. B.Byincreasingbloodflow.

Byhelpingeasepain.A.Itslowsdownbloodflow.Ithelpsonebecomeslimmer.Byhelpingeasepain.A.Itslowsdownbloodflow.Ithelpsonebecomeslimmer.Byemittingpleasantsmells.Itmakesoneconsumemore.Itisgoodforone'sdigestion.A.Themanprefershotdrinksonlyonverycolddays.Thewomanmaychangeherhabitofdrinkingcoldliquids.Thewomanbelievesdrinkingcoldwateralsohelpsrelieveacold.Themanistryinglosingweightbyexercisinganddrinkinghotwater.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections: Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.China'sGoodSamaritanLaw(见义勇为法)TakesEffectChina'sGoodSamaritanLawwentintoeffectonOctober1toencouragepeoplewhoarereadytohelpothers.Underthelaw,peoplewhovoluntarilyofferemergencyassistaneetothosewhoare,orwhotheybelievetobe,injured,illorindanger,willnothavecivilresponsibilityintheeventofharmtothevictims.Thenewlawaimstoeasethereluctaneepeoplefeeltowardhelpingstrangersforfearoflegalconsequencesiftheymakemistakesintreatment.Itisaresponsetothephenomenonofpeople(21) (hesitate)tohelpfallenseniorcitizensduetoconcernthattheymightbeblackmailed(讹诈)later.Therehasbeennoshortageofcasesoverthepastdecade(22) peoplehesitatedtoofferassistaneetothosewhoareinneed.AndsomegoodSamaritanshavebeenblackmailedforcharitableacts.In2011,atwo-year-oldgirlknownasXiaoYueyuewasrunoverbytwocars,and18peoplepassedby(23) offeringemergencyhelp.Thegirldiedafterdaysofmedicaltreatment.In2014,amanfromGuangdongProvinceaidedaseniorcitizen,but(24) (accuse)ofknockinghimdown.Themancommittedsuicidewhen(25) (face)withdemandsforalargesumofmoney.Thesecases(26) (arouse) debateaboutmoralityandheroisminChinainrecentyears."Ifyoudon'tprovidehelp,youwillblameyourself,butifyoudohelp,youarelikely(27) (hurt)bythepeopleyouhelp.Itisreallyadifficultchoice,”onenetizensaidonSinaWeibo.(28) therehadbeencallsforanationalGoodSamaritanlaw,onlyafewcitiespushedaheadwithsuchlawsbeforethenationwidelawcameintoeffect.However,someexpertsareconcerned(29) therecouldbesomedangerfromanationwideGoodSamaritanLaw. “Rescuerswhoknowlittleaboutfirstaidcouldbringseriousharmtopeopleincritical conditions,”saidYangLixin,aprofessorattheRenminUniversityofChina.Hehopedthegovernment(30) introducedetailsofthepolicysoonwhileencouragingpeopletovoluntarilyofferassistanee.SectionBDirections: Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.C.shock B.guesses D.tracks E.detailedF.printedsecondaryJ.G.claimedH.prospectI.influential K.createdrecognizedBobDylanWinsaNobelPrizeinLiteratureBobDylanhaswonthe2016NobelPrizeinliterature.TheproductivemusicianisthefirstNobelwinnertohavefollowedacareerprimarilyasasinger-songwriter.What 'smore,he'salsothefirstAmericantohavewontheprizeinmorethantwodecades.NotsincenovelistToniMorrisonwonin1993hasanAmerican 31theprize.Dylanearnedtheprize“forhaving32 newpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition, ”accordingtothestatementbytheSwedishAcademy,thecommitteethatannuallydecidesthewinneroftheNobelPrize.Theacademy'spermanentsecretary,SaraDanius,announcedthenewsThursday.Thewincomesassomethingofa(n) 33 .Asusual,theSwedishAcademydidnotannounceashortlistof nominees(被提名者),leavingthebettingmarketstotheirbest34 .AndwhileDylanhasenjoyedfavorasanoutsideshotfortheaward,the35thatthemusicianwouldbetheonetobreaktheAmericans 'longdryperiodwasregardedasunlikely—especiallybecausehemadehiscareermainlyonthestage,notthe36page.YetfewwouldargueDylanhasbeenanythingbut37,bothintheU.S.andbeyonditsborders.Theproductivesinger,songwriterandmulti-instrumentalist hasproduceddozensofalbums.Dylan,whowasbornRobertAllenZimmermanin1941,"hasthestatusofanidol(偶像),”theSwedishAcademywrote.“Hisinflueneeoncontemporarymusicissignificant,andheistheobjectofasteadystreamof38literature.”Inaninterviewfollowingtheannouncement,Danius 39theSwedishAcademysdecision: “HeisagreatpoetintheEnglish-speakingtradition,andheisawonderfulsampler—averyoriginalsampler,”Daniusexplained. “For54yearsnowhehasbeenatitandreinventinghimself,constantlycreatinganewidentity. ”Andforhiswork,hehasbeen40bycriticalcommunity. DylanhaswonGrammys,anAcademyAward,aGoldenGlobeandaMedalofFreedom,thehighestcivilianhonorintheU.S.Now,tothehonorsDylanhasaddedaNobel.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.TheCompaniesDoingtheMosttoMakeTheirEmployeesHappierFatpaychecks,lightworkloads,andendlessvacationdaysdon 'tnecessarilyaddtohappyemployees.Infact,thehappiestemployeesintheU.S.owetheirhappinesstofirst-rateemployeemotivations,sufficientbenefits,careeradvancementprograms,andgreatwork-lifebalanee.Thecompaniesthathavebeenthemostdevotedtocultivatingandadvancingthesethingsinthepastyearhaveseenemployeehappiness 41.ThejobssiteCareerBliss.justannouncedthewinnersofthisyear 's“LeapAwards,”whichhonorthecompaniesthathavemadethebiggestleapstoimproveemployeehappiness year-over-year.CareerBlissevaluatedmorethan250,000 companyTOC\o"1-5"\h\zreviewsandratingsitreceivedfrom 42nationwide todetermine thetop50deserving companies. To43thelist,eachcompanyhadtohaveatleast50reviews.“TheLeapAwardsareimportantbecausetheyhighlight 44inourworkforce,saysCareerBliss'schiefexecutive,HeidiGolledge.CareerBlissaskedtherespondentstoevaluatethekeyfactorsthat 45 workhappiness,includingwork-lifebalanee,one 'srelationship withthebossandco-workers,theworkenvironment,jobresources,salary,growthopportunities,companyculture,companyreputation,dailytasks,andjob46.Eachrespondentvaluedeachofthesethingsona1-to-5scale,andindicatedhowimportanteachwastotheiroverallhappinessatwork.Thesenumberswere 47tofindanaverage rating ofoverallemployeehappinessforeachcompany. Theseaverageswerecomparedtolastyear 'snumberstofindwhichcompanieshad 48themost.“EveryemployerwhoreceivesaLeapAwardshould49theirworkplacehappinessinitiatives, ”saysGolledge.“Eventhoughwearecomingoutofadifficulttime,itis50toseecompanies putting theireffortsintoprovidingagreatenvironmentfortheiremployees.Theseeffortsinworkplacehappinesswillensurethattheiremployeeswillbearoundforyearstocome,ashappinessbreeds 51 .”“Wefindeachyearthatwork-lifebalaneeisakeyfactorindeterminingemployeehappiness,”saysGolledge.“Employeeswanttoknowthattheycanbalaneetheir文案careerwiththeirfamilyandpersonallife.Oftenthis52overthingslikesalary.Havingprogramsthatallowmanagerstoofferemployeesflexibilitycanbeakeyfactorincreatingahappyworkenvironment. 53 ,weseecareeradvancementprogramshaveabigimpactonoverallemployeehappiness.Oftenemployeeswouldrathertakeajobfora54 salary,ifthecompanyprovidesacomprehensiveprogramwhichwillhelpgrowtheircareer.Employeeswanttolearn,developandsustainasuccessfulcareerpath.”WorkplacehappinessisthecoreofCareerBliss 'mission.Millersays.“Anindividualshappinessatworkwillcreatehappinessthroughoutallareasoftheirlife,and 55acompanywithproductsands.”ahappy,motivatedworkforcewillseeexceptional resultsinits41.A.soarB.changeC.ceaseD.disappear42.A.netizensB.administratorsC.candidatesD.employees43.A.makeupB.qualifyforC.countonD.referto44.A.changeB.powerC.dutyD.variety45.A.layinB.resultedfromC.focusedonD.contributedto46.A.analysisB.vacancyC.flexibilityD.responsibility47.A.appliedB.combinedC.comparedD.remembered48.A.benefitedB.improvedC.changedD.produced49.A.approveofB.accountforC.takeprideinD.getusedto50.A.goodB.easyC.impossibleD.interesting51.A.profitB.honestyC.creativityD.loyalty52.A.turnsB.runsC.advantagesD.skips53.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.BesidesD.Instead54.A.lowerB.fairC.regularD.similar55.A.obviouslyB.franklyC.fortunatelyD.similarlySectionBDirections: Readthefollowing threepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformation giveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)IntheworldofhighereducationintheUnitedStates,competitionseemsmorecommonthanschoolsworkingtogether.Everycollegeanduniversitycompetesforstudents,aswellasthebestteachersandmoneyforresearchprograms.Butonethingalmosteveryschoolhasincommon isthedifficultytheyfaceinservinglow-incomestudents.TheNationalCenterforEducationStatisticsreportsthatlow-income collegestudentsarelesslikelytocompletetheirstudyprogramsthanotherstudents.ItwasonlynaturalthattheleadersofMichiganStateUniversityandtenotheruniversitiesdiscussedthisissuewhentheymetin2014.The11schoolsarespreadacrosstheUnitedStatesandservedifferentpopulationsandneeds.ButtheirleadersallsawimprovinggraduationratesforallstudentsasthebiggestproblemfacingAmericanhighereducation.SothegroupcreatedanorganizationcalledtheUniversityInnovationAllianeeorUIAforsharinginformationrelatedtothisproblem.Itsmaingoalistoget68,000morestudents atthememberschoolstograduateby2025,withatleasthalfofthosestudents beinglow-income.The11schoolsnowsaytheirnumberofgraduateshasincreasedbyover7,200injustthreeyears.Thisincludesanalmost25percentincreaseinthenumberoflow-incomegraduates.Howweretheyabletomakethishappen?Itbeganwitheachuniversitylookingatitsownsituationandfindingoutwhatithadbeendoingrightandwhatithadbeendoingwrong.Forexample,beforejoiningtheUIA,academicadvisingatMichiganStatemostlyinvolvedreacting toproblemsstudentsfacedaftertheproblemshadalreadyarisen.ThenschoolofficialsheardaboutacomputerprogramthatfellowUIAmemberGeorgiaStateUniversity wasusing.Thiscomputerprogram followsdecisionsstudentsmakeabouttheirclassesandtheprogresstheyaremakingintheirstudies.Itthensendsacademicadvisorsmessageswheneverastudentshowssignsthattheyaremakingmistakesorfacingdifficulties.Thatwaytheadvisorscantrytohelpstudentsbeforetheproblemsbecometooserious.MichiganStatebeganusingthecomputerprogramandithasmeantaworldofdifferenee.MichiganStatehasnotonlyreceivedusefulinformationfromitspartners.Ithasalsosharedhelpfulinformationofitsown.BridgetBurns,theexecutivedirectorfortheUIA,sayseffortslikethishaveneverbeenassuccessful. “Therearerankingsthatmeasureallkindsofthings, ”Burnssaid.“Buthowwellyoudoforlow-incomestudentshasnothistoricallybeenhighlighted. ”WhatledtothesettingupoftheUIA?Thelowgraduationrates. B.Thegreatneedof low-incomestudents.Theinefficiencyoflearning. D.Theseverecompetitionbetweenschools.TheUIAfunctionsinsuchawayasthememberuniversities .findouttheirowngraduationratesshareandfolloweachother'sgoodpracticemakejointeffortstoaidstudentsfinanciallypopularizecomputerprogramsamongstudentsBy“ithasmeantaworldofdifferenee”inparagraph6,theauthormeansMichiganState .hasfoundthecomputerprogramquitedifferentfromtheirshasdiscoveredthecomputerprogramisverydifficulttousehashelpedstudentssuccessfullywiththecomputerprogram

hasinvolvedmoreacademicadvisorsinthecomputerprogramWhichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?UniversitiesHighlightingTheirEffortsforLow-IncomesUniversitiesCompetingforBetterStudentsandTeachersUniversitiesWorkingTogethertoHelpPoorStudentsUniversitiesCreatingtheUIAtoShareInformation

Wedon'thaveawealthyownerpullingthestrings.Noshareholders,advertisersorbillionaireownerscaneditoureditor.BepartoftheGuardian'sfuture,byhelpingtosecureitBepartoftheGuardian'sfuture,byhelpingtosecureitWewanttomaketheworldabetter,fairerplace.Wewanttokeepthepowerfulhonest.Andwebelievethatdoingsomeanskeepingsocietyinformedbyproducingquality,independentjournalism,whichdiscoversandtellsreadersthetruth.It'Wewanttomaketheworldabetter,fairerplace.Wewanttokeepthepowerfulhonest.Andwebelievethatdoingsomeanskeepingsocietyinformedbyproducingquality,independentjournalism,whichdiscoversandtellsreadersthetruth.It'sessentialforthefunctioningofdemocracy.Andouruniqueownershipstructuremeansnoonecantellustodropastory.Butit'sdifficultandexpensivework.WhilemorepeoplearereadingtheGuardianthaneverbefore,farfewerarepayingforit.Andadvertisingincomesacrossthemediaarefallingfast.Soifyoureadus,ifyoulikeus,ifyouvalueourperspectiveandhelpmakeourfuturemoresecure.—thenbecomeaSupporterSupportersgetclosertotheGuardianWhydoweneedourSupporters?AsaGuardianSupporter,youSupportersgetclosertotheGuardianWhydoweneedourSupporters?AsaGuardianSupporter,you'llenjoyanumberofbenefits,including:ExclusiveemailsfromGuardianjournalistsAnad-freeexperieneeonourmobileappJoiningtheglobal Guardian MemberscommunityAwelcomegiftMostimportantlyofall,you'llappreciateeverywordthatyouread,intheknowledgethatyou 'vehelpedtobringittothepage.inanincrediblyLikemanyothermedia organisations, theGuardian isoperatingchallengingfinancialclimate.Ouradvertisingincomesarefallingfast.Wehavehugenumbersofreaders,andweareincreasinglyreliantupontheirfinancialsupport.Ourowner,theScottTrust,protectsoureditorialindependencefromcommercialorpolitical interferenee（干涉）.Itreinvestsincomeintoourjournalism,notintoshareholdersButwhiletheScottTrustensuresourindependence,weneedourSupporters,nowmorethaneverbefore,tohelpsecureourfuture.WeknowthatnoteveryoneisinapositiontobecomeaSupporter.Butifyoucan,you 'Theabovewebpagemainlyaimsto .raisefundsfromreadersattractmorereadersTheabovewebpagemainlyaimsto .raisefundsfromreadersattractmorereadersWhichofthefollowingisadifficultytheGuardianIt'slosingitseditorialindependence.onitsowner.It'sprofitingmuchlessfromadvertising.politicalclimate.Whatcanbeinferredfromthewebpage?SomebillionaireownersaretheGuardianinformreadersofqualityjournalismguaranteereadersasecurefutureisfacing?It'sbecomingincreasinglyreliantIt'soperating inachallenging'seditors.TheGuardianisindependentfinanciallyandpolitically.ShareholderscaninterferewiththeGuardian 'sjournalism.GuardianSupporterscanputadsonthemobileappforfree.（C）AnewkindofproductionwasunderwayonthesetoftheNBCcomedy Superstore.Socialmediastarswerecrafting 30-second videostopostontheirsocialmediachannelsaheadofthecomedy 'ssecond-seasonreturn.EachmadesuretomentionSuperstoreanditsfirstpublicshow.Asnetworks andstudiosstruggletoreachyoungaudiencesinanincreasinglyfragmented（碎片化的）mediamarketplace,manyhaveturnedtoso-calledinfluencers —onlinestarswhosevalueismeasuredbythesizeoftheirInternetfollowings—asameansofgeneratingawareness.Advertisersareseizing onthestrategyinanageofcommercial-skipping andad-blockers.Wordofmouthinthedigitalagemeansmessagestravelfasterbywayofsocialmedia.Themajorityofconsumersworldwidetrustonlinerecommendations fromstars.AndwhenSuperstoregaveitsfirstpublicshow,itdidsotohigherratingsthanthelastshowofSeason1.Studioandnetwork executivessaytheyworkwithinfluencers tobuildbrandawarenessandreputationinamorefriendlywaythroughthefriend-likeconnectionsconsumersfeeltowardthe online personalities theyfollow.Attheupperlevel,influencerstypicallyhavethousandsoffollowersonsocialmediaandonlinecontentplatformsandcountmanymillionsofpeoplewhotuneindailytowatchthem.Somedosomethingthatmakesthemselveslookstupidintheirdailyroutine,sharingvideosoftheirtripstothegrocerystoreordinnerdates.Othershavebuiltcareersonperformances—makingcomedyvideos,reviewingvideogames,performingmagictricksandteachingcookinglessons,amongotherpursuits.Whenintheemployofstudios,theireffortscanbeassimpleaspublicizingafilmormore involved attemptslikethemarketingpushforSuperstore.Entertainmentcompaniesdeclinedtodiscusshowmuchtheypayinfluencers.Butseveralexpertssaidtheirpayrangesfromafewthousanddollarstoseveralmillion.Somesimplyreceivegiftbasketsinsteadofpay.Overthelastyearorso,someentertainment companies havebeguntocastinfluencersintheirTVandfilmprojects.Thestrategyisabitofagamble:It 'sanewbusinessmodel,andquestionsremainabouttheeffectiveness ofusing thesepersonalitiestoimproveashow'sratings——orhelpopenamovie.Justhowmuchinflueneetheinfluencershaveishardtomeasure.TVratingsandbox-officereturnsdonotrevealwhatcausedaviewertotunein.Whatisclearisthatthesepersonalitiesaren 'tnecessarilygettingtheworkbecauseoftheiractingskills,butoftenbecauseoftheirInternetfollowings.YetassocialmediastarsconsiderwhethertotakeonjobspromotingmoviesandTVshows,there 'sanimportantconsiderationforbothparties:thecredibilityofacampaign. “Fansaredefinitelyawarewhenthey'rebeingtemptedwithpromotionalposts, ”saidZachKing,asocialmediastarwhoperformsmagictricks. "Ithastobesomethingthatisnaturalandfitswiththeimageofthecreator. ”Whydidsocialmediastarspostshortvideosontheirchannels beforeSuperstore'ssecondseason?Toattractmoreinfluencers. B.Todrawaudienee'sattention.Toputonbetterperformances. D.Toincreasethechannels 'popularity.Advertisersliketheinfluencermarketingstrategybecause .audiencesbelieveinwhateveronlinestarsrecommendinfluencersarequiteawareoftheimpactofthedigitalageordinaryadvertisementsareoftenignoredbyyoungpeoplesocialmediaplatformsarethecheapestplacetospreadmessagesWhatisimpliedinthepassage?Theinfluencermarketingstrategyhelpbuildconnectionsbetweenexecutives.Mostinfluencersgetpaidfromgiftbasketsinsteadoffromtheircompanies.Mostinfluencerstakeonmarketingjobsregardlessoftheirreliability.Theinfluencermarketingstrategymaynotreallyworkwell.Thepassagemainlywantstotellusthat .mostyoungpeoplelikefollowinginfluencersstudiosarerelyingmoreonsocialmediastarsinfluencersaregraduallyreplacingmoviestarssocialmediaarefilmingvideosfor SuperstoreSectionCDirections: Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Agereallyshouldbetreatedasjustanumber.Feltagemightplayaroleinmorethanjusthowyoufeel.Feelingyoungisaboutmaintainingvitalityasyougetolder.Self-feltagehasthepotentialtochange,sointerventions （干预）maybepossible.Andotherstudiessuggestthattherecouldbemorebenefitstothinkingyourselfyounger,besidesaIongerlife.Peoplewhofeelyoungerthanthenumberofyearstheyhaveontheclockgetmorepleasurethanpeoplewhofeeltheirage.FeelYoungatHeartandYou'llEnjoyaLongerLifeAge-liarsandbirthday-deniers...you 'dbestlearnathingortwofromthosewhoareyoungatheart.PeoplewhofeelyoungerthantheiractualagemayliveIongerthanthosewhofeelolderthantheytrulyare,anewstudysays.67 Resultsfromthestudy,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,suggestthatpeoplewhofeelayearormoreolderthantheytrulyarecouldhavearound41percentgreaterriskfordeath.Researcherslookedatnearly6,500olderadults,withanaverageageof65.8forthestudy.Around70percentofthemfeltyoungerthantheywere,aboutaquarterfelttheirpreciseageandjustunder5percentfeltayearormoreolderthantheywere,whenasked“Howolddoyoufeelyouare?”Thosewhofeltolderthantheywerehadahigherdeathrateafterafollow-upperiodof99months.Whilejust14.3and18.5percentofpeoplewhofeltyoungerorfelttheirage,respectively,diedduringthose99months,24.6percentofthosewhofeltagedbeyondtheiryearshaddied.Theauthorssaymoreresearchisneededonthetopic,butsuggestitcouldbethatthosewhofeel“youngatheart”havehealthierbehaviorsandastrongerwilltolive.“ 68 Individuals whofeeloldercouldbetargetedwithhealthmessagespromotingpositivehealthbehaviorsandattitudestowardaging, ”theauthorswriteinthestudy.Thegoodnewsisthatyoucanchangeyourfeelingofhowyoungyouare. 69Onerecentstudyfoundthathelpingparticipantshavepositivefeelingstowardage,byshowingthempositivewordassociations,helpedolderadultsimproveinphysicaltaskslikebalancingandgettingupoutofachair,inaslittleasfourweeks.Anotherstudyfoundthatnegativefeelingofagingandpoormemorycanmakeolderadultsfeeluptofiveyearsolder,regardlessoftheiractualmentalabilities.Thereyouhaveit. 70SummaryWritingDirections: Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizet