2022年2月份百题精练（英语）

2022年2月份百题精练（2）英语试题第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。MakerofGreatViolinsHundredsofviolinsaremadeeveryday.However,thefinestandmostsought-afterviolinswerehandcraftedbyanItalianviolinmakerover300yearsago.Thecraftsman’snamewasAntoniusStradivarius,andanyoneofhisviolinsisworthover$100,000today.Stradivarius,whowasbornin1644,beganhiscareerasaviolinmaker’sapprentice(徒弟).Workingonhisownby1680,hebecamedeterminedtomakeinstrumentsthatcouldreproducetones(音调)asrichasthoseproducedbythehumanvoice.Hetestedseveralshapesandstylesforhisviolinsuntilhearrivedatadesignthatpleasedhim.Duringhiscareerhecraftedover1,100violins.Thosestillinexistencehavebecometreasuredpossessions.Unfortunately,thesecretofStradivarius’violindiedwithitsmaker.DuringhislifetimeStradivariuskepthisnotessafelyhidden;evenhistwosons,whohelpedhiminhisworkshop,didnotknowallthestepsineachviolin’sconstruction.Throughtheyears,manyexpertshaveofferedpossibleexplanationsfortheuniquetoneofa“Strad”.Somesayitistheinstrument’sshapeandthecombinationofitsparts.Otherssuggestthatthesecretliesinthespecialwood,whichStradivariusobtainedfromnativeItaliantrees.Themostwidelyacceptedsuppositionisthatthebeautifultoneoftheviolinsiscreatedbytheliquidthattheoldmasterusedtocoathisinstruments.Chemistshavestudiedandreproducedtheliquidascloselyaspossible,andithasimprovedthesoundofmanyviolins.Still,noviolinmakerhasbeenabletofullyreproducethetoneofStradivarius’violins.56．Accordingtothepassage,Stradivariusmade_________. A．hundredsofviolinseveryday B．over100,000violinsduringcareer C．onlyoneviolin D．morethanathousandviolinsduringhiscareer57．WecanconcludefromthepassagethatStradivarius’________. A．noteswerefoundbychemists B．noteswereneverfound C．secretswerelearnedwhenhewasanapprentice D．noteswerelefttohissons58．Inthispassagethewordrichmeans________. A．wealthy B．highlyamusing C．fullandpleasant D．highandsharp59．Anotherfoodtitleforthepassagewouldbe_________. A．howtoMakeViolins B．ExpensiveViolins C．WhatWasStradivarius’Secret D．ItalianViolinMakersBThefollowingnoticeispostedinabusterminal(终点站).Timetable—BusesleavetheRailwayStation,NewYorkCity,from7:00A．m.andeveryhalfhourafterwards,until11:30p.m.(7daysaweek)—BusesleaveBrennanStation20minutesbeforeandaftereveryhourfrom6:20A．m.to10:40p.m.(7daysaweek)—Eveningrushhours(5:00p.m.to7:00p.m.):BusesleavetheRailwayStation,NewYorkCity,every15minutes.(Monday—Friday)—Holidays:Busesleaveeveryhouronthehour,eachdirection.(Triptime:30minuteseachway)—AllticketsmustbeboughtatWindow12,theRailwayStation,NewYorkCity,orattheBrennanStationWindowBEFOREboardingbuses.60．HowlongisitbetweentwobusesfromNewYorktoBrennaneveryday? A．Onehour. B．40minutes. C．Halfanhour. D．15minutes.61．WhichofthelatestbusyoucantakefromBrennanifyouhavetomeetafriendinNewYorkat10:20a.m.onaFriday? A．The8:00A．m.bus. B．The9:40A．m.bus. C．The8:40A．m.bus. D．The9:20A．m.bus.62．WhichbusshouldyoutakeattheRailwayStation,NewYorkCitonMondayifyouwanttotakeabusineveningrushhours? A．The5:45p.m.bus. B．The6:20p.m.bus. C．The7:15p.m.bus. D．The6:50p.m.bus.63．Whereshouldpassengersbuytheirtickets? A．OnlyattheBrennanStationWindow. B．Atanywindowofanyrailwaystationbeforeleaving. C．AtNewYorkRailwayStationaftergettingonbuses. D．Ataterminalticketwindowbeforegettingonbuses.CThefamilyislargerandmorevariedthanmostpeoplerealize.Itincludessomeanimalsthatwenormallythinkofascamelsandsomethatwedon’tusuallyrecognizeascamels.Everybodyknowsabouttheone-humpedcamel,ordromedary.AndmanypeoplehaveheardoftheBactriancamel,whichhastwohumps.Butdidyouknowthatllamasandsomeotheranimalswithouthumpsarealsocamels?Camelshaveplayedanimportantroleinthelivesofmanypeopleforatleastfourthousandyears.Andthisismainlybecausecamelshavetheabilitytoliveinplaceswhereotherlargeanimalscouldneversurvive.InhugedesertsliketheSahara,theclimatecanbetoohotanddryformostanimals.Thereareplaceswhereraindoesn’tfallformonths,orevenyears.Thesandmaystretchforhundredsofmiles,andanimalsmayhavetowalkfordaystoreachwater.ThedesertsofAfricaandArabiaarenottheonlyplaceswherecamelslive.Desertwindsoftenblowsandintotheair.Toprotecttheireyes,camelshavelongeyelashesthatcatchmostofthesand．Ifsandgetsontoaneye,acamelhasathirdeyelidtogetitout.Likeawindshieldwiperonacar,thisextraeyelidmovesfromsidetosideandwipesthesandaway.Theeyelidisverythin,soacamelcanseethroughit.Insandstormscamelsoftenclosetheirthirdeyelidandkeepwalking.Youmightsaythatacamelcanfinditswaythroughasandstormwithitseyesclosed．64．Weunderstandfromthepassagethat_________. A．thevarietyofcamelsislimited B．camelsrefertothoseanimalswithoneortwohumps C．thecamelfamilyincludesalargevarietyofspecieswithouthumps D．someanimalswithouthumpsarealsoincludedinthecamelfamily65．Camelshavebeenimportanttohumanbeingsforlonginhistorymainlybecause__________. A．theycangowithoutwaterforalongtime B．theyhavespecialstructureintheireyes C．theycanstandtheheatanddrynessofthedesert D．theycancarryheavyloads66．Camelscanprotecttheireyesfromthedesertwindbecause________. A．theireyesarespeciallystructured B．theyhavetwoeyelids C．theireyelidsarespeciallylong D．theirthirdeyelidfunctionsasawindshieldwiperDThereisarangeofactivitieswhichrequiremovementsofaboutonetofourorfivemiles.Thesemightbeleisureactivities,suchasmovingfromhometoswimmingpool,tennisclub,thetheaterorotherculturalcenters,ortoasecondaryormoreadvancedschool;ortheymightbemovementsrelatedwithworkandshoppinginthecentralareasofcities.Theuseofcarswhichareabletocarryfivepeopleat80mphforsatisfyingtheseneedsiswastefulofspaceandmostproductiveofdisturbancetootherroadusers.Theuseofthebicycle,orsomemoremodernderivativeofit,isprobablyworthmoreconsiderationthanhasrecentlybeengiventoit.Thebicycleitselfisaremarkablyefficientandsimpledeviceforusinghumanmuscularenergyfortransportation.Inpureenergyterms,itisfourtofivetimesasefficientaswalking,eventhoughhumanwalkingitselfistwiceasefficientasthemovementofeffectiveanimalssuchasdogs.Itisstillwidelyused,noonlyinsomedevelopingcountrieswherebicyclesaremajormeansofpeopleandgoods,butinafewrichertownssuchasAmsterdaminHollandandCambridgeinEngland．Thebicycleneithergivesenoughprotectionfromtheweathernorisverysuitableforcarryinggoods,anddemandsconsiderablemuscularworktomakeprogressagainstwindoruphill.Italsooffersitsridernoprotectionagainstcollisions(碰撞)withothervehicles.Allthesedifficultiescould,however,begreatlygotridofwithrelativelysmallchangesindesign.Thewholemachinecouldbeenclosedinaplasticbubble(气泡)whichwouldprovidesomeprotectionincaseofaccidents.Itwouldbeeasytoaddasmallpetrolorelectricmotor.Awidevarietyofdesignswouldbepossible.Asinrowing,wemightemploythepowerofthearmsorthegeneralbodymusculature,aswellasthoseofthelegs;moremuscularexercisewouldbegoodforthehealthofmanypeopleincities,andawideuseofbicyclelikemuscle-poweredvehicleswouldbeausefulwaytoensurethis.Itcouldalsoprovideopportunitiesforshowing-offbytheyoungandvigorous.67．Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthatthecar________. A．cansatisfythedemandforspeed B．causeswasteofspace C．producesdisturbancetootherroadusers D．isfarfromprefectforshortrangemovements68．Moreattentionshouldbegiventothebicycleasameansoftransportbecauseitis________. A．averyefficientandsimpledevice B．muchcheaperthanacar C．widelyusedinAmsterdamandCambridge D．stillusedbyrichpeople69．Enclosingthebicycleinaplasticbubblewould______. A．makeiteasiertouse B．savemuscularenergy C．provideprotectionfromtheweather D．preventitfromcollidingwithothervehicles70．WhichoftheseisUNTRUEforthepresentbicycle? A．Itisfarmoreefficientthanthemovementofanimals. B．Itoffersitsridernoprotection. C．Itisnotverysuitableforcarryinggoods. D．Itcanhardlybeimprovedon.EThegirlsinthissixthgradeclassinEastPatoAlto,California,allhavethesameaccesstocomputersasboys.Butresearcherssay,bythetimetheygettohighschool,theyarevictimsofwhattheresearcherscallamajornewgender(性别)gapintechnology.JaniceWeinmanoftheAmericanAssociationofUniversityWomensays，“Girlstendtobelesscomfortablethanboyswiththecomputer.Theyuseitmoreforwordprocessingratherthanforproblemsolving,ratherthantodiscovernewwayinwhichtounderstandinformation.Afterre-examiningathousandstudies,theAmericanAssociationofUniversityWomenresearchersfoundthatgirlsmakeuponlyasmallpercentageofstudentsincomputerscienceclasses.Girlsconsistentlyratethemselvessignificantlylowerthanboysintheirabilityandconfidenceinusingcomputers.Andtheyusedcomputerslessoftenthanboysoutsidetheclassroom.Aninstructorofacomputerlabsayshe’salreadynoticedsomedifference.CharlesCheadleofCesarSixyearsago,thesoftwarecompanyPurpleMoonnoticedthatgirl’scomputerusagewasfallingbehindboys.KarenGouldsays,“Thenumberonereasongirlstoldustheydon’tlikecomputergamesisnotthatthey’retooviolent,ortoocompetitive,Girlsjustsaidthey’reincrediblyboring.”PurpleMoonsaysitfoundwhatgirlswant—characterstheycanrelatetoandstorylinesrelativetowhat’sgoingonintheirownlives.KarenGouldofPurpleMoonSoftwaresays,“Whatwedefinitelyfoundfromgirlsisthatthereisnointrinsic(固有的)reasonwhytheywouldn’twanttoplayonacomputer;itwasjustacontentthing.”Thesponsorofthestudysaysitallboilsdowntothis:thetechnologygendergapthatseparatesthegirlsfromtheboysmustbeclosedifwomenaretocompeteeffectivelywithmeninthe21stcentury.71．Accordingtothepassage,girlsarevictimsofthegendergapintechnologybecause