中考英语高分策略-阅读理解(七选五)做题技巧

阅读理解七选五答题指导2题型解读：试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）选项特点（考查角度）：1）主旨概括句：多位于标题或段首处，考察主旨和段首大意2）过渡性句子多位于段落中间或段首处，承上启下，考察文章内在结构3）细节性句子多位于段落中间或段尾处，考察上下文逻辑意义。七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧:总的原则:“分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键”。◆速读全文（空格），关注每段首尾句，充分利用逻辑关系词汇，理清全篇结构与逻辑关系,了解大意知主题。◆浏览选项，抓住关键词，理解七个选项句子的具体语意。◆回到空格处，根据空格在段落中的位置判断设空类型。（主旨；过渡；细节）。

◆定位选项。根据文章整体结构与具体内容，运用线索特征词汇，帮助推断将选项填入文中。◆确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由。◆还回原文，最后再来顺一遍，最终确定答案。细节判断

细节性问题(多位于段落中间）。设题涉及具体的细节信息，或前后呼应，或进行补充说明。一般根据前后句之间的关系即可判断。注意三个衔接：1，词汇衔接2，逻辑衔接3，结构衔接1)同词出现法

词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密Ex.1ThetruckdrivergaveSallyarope.Ananimalwastiedtotherope.Itwasababyelephant!63.________,anditbeganeatinggrass.A.TheywantedBentowatchthevideoB.Onesummer,hewenttoAfricaonatripC.SoonBengotbackhomeD.SotheysentalettertoSallyE.Afterawhile,apolicemancameF.TheycalledBenandaskedhimtosendaspecialgifttoSally.G.TheelephantranintoSally’syard.ThetruckdrivergaveSallyarope.Ananimalwastiedtotherope.Itwasababyelephant!63.________,anditbeganeatinggrass.A.TheywantedBentowatchthevideoB.Onesummer,hewenttoAfricaonatripC.SoonBengotbackhomeD.SotheysentalettertoSallyE.Afterawhile,apolicemancameF.TheycalledBenandaskedhimtosendaspecialgifttoSally.G.TheelephantranintoSally’syard.2)词汇复现法复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。双保险：上下文再核实一下

AccordingtotheChinaSleepQualityIndex(指数),nearlyaquarterofChinesepeopledon’tsleepwell.62_________________A.Halfsaidthattheyfeeltiredaftergettingupand15percentpeoplehavetroublefallingasleepB.Aboveall,getenoughsleepC.SleepisimportanttoteenagersD.EnoughsleephelpsthebodyandbraingrowanddevelopE.BecausethelightskeeptheirbrainsexcitedforalongwhileEx.2AccordingtotheChinaSleepQualityIndex(指数),nearlyaquarterofChinesepeopledon’tsleepwell.62_________________A.Halfsaidthattheyfeeltiredaftergettingupand15percentpeoplehavetroublefallingasleepB.Aboveall,getenoughsleepC.SleepisimportanttoteenagersD.EnoughsleephelpsthebodyandbraingrowanddevelopE.BecausethelightskeeptheirbrainsexcitedforalongwhileEx.23)代词线索

英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。Benandhisfriendsownedacompany.Peopleatthecompanylikedtoplayjokesoneachother.Oneday,Ben’sfriendswantedtoplayajokeonBenandSally.62._________.Thelettersaid,A.TheywantedBentowatchthevideoB.Onesummer,hewenttoAfricaonatripC.SoonBengotbackhomeD.SotheysentalettertoSallyE.Afterawhile,apolicemancameF.TheycalledBenandaskedhimtosendaspecialgifttoSally.Ex.3Benandhisfriendsownedacompany.Peopleatthecompanylikedtoplayjokesoneachother.Oneday,Ben’sfriendswantedtoplayajokeonBenandSally.62._________.Thelettersaid,A.TheywantedBentowatchthevideoB.Onesummer,hewenttoAfricaonatripC.SoonBengotbackhomeD.SotheysentalettertoSallyE.Afterawhile,apolicemancameF.TheycalledBenandaskedhimtosendaspecialgifttoSally.Ex.3

解答议论文体的阅读填句题,首先要把握好所论述的中心问题.通常所挖空缺与选项都以一条主线为主。其次,此类文章中经常出现一些逻辑关系词,对于理解文章与判定答案很有帮助。如:(1)并列与递进关系and,also,too,either,besides,even,inthesameway,atthesametime,ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,first,then,next,aboveall(首要的是）等。(2)转折与让步关系but,yet,however,although,though,eventhough,evenif,等。(3)例证关系forexample,foronething,thatis,等。(4)因果关系：because,for,since,as,therefore,so,so…that,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,forthisreason,ofcourse4)

逻辑关系衔接

Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速记).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.65._________

AYoumustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.BOtherwise（否则）youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.Ex.4

Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速记).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.65._________

AYoumustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.BOtherwise（否则）youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.____________________前后句为转折关系Ex.4

5)数字线索

包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。

AsinChina,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea.___1____Thetemperaturescanfallto–60℃，whichis60℃belowfreezing.Inthecapital,Ottawa,theaverageofwintertemperatureis--10℃,andinsummer21℃.___2____TheaverageJanuarytemperatureis3℃,andinJulyitis18℃CanadaisfamousforthekindofpaperwhichisusedfornewspapersCanadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.ThewestcoastofCanadaisthewarmestplaceinwinterIntheNorth,thewintersarelongandhardwithsnowforsixmonths.FortwocenturiesEnglishandFrenchsettlersstruggledagainsteachother.Ex.56)时间关系：atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具体的时间。

Ex.6Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.__________Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffers….Usewords,notcompletesentences.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandremember.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.Ex.6Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelp