新概念英语第二册课文、翻译、超详细讲解讲义（61-65）

新概念英语第二册课文、翻译、超详细讲解&附练习等（61-65）Lesson61

TroublewiththeHubble【Newwordsandexpressions】（17）

Hubble

n.哈勃telescope

n.望远镜launch

v.发射space

n.空间NASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration)国家航空和航天局billion

n.10亿faulty

adj.有错误的astronaut

n.宇航员shuttle

n.航天飞机Endeavour

n.“奋进”号robot-arm

n.机器手grab

v.抓atmosphere

n.大气层distant

adj.遥远的galaxy

n.星系universe

n.宇宙eagleeye

鹰眼★space

n.空间(指宇宙空间)room

n.空间（不可数）；房间（可数）Couldyoumakeroomforme?

你能为我腾一点空间吗?★robot-arm

n.机器手robot[]

n.机器人,遥控设备,自动机械,机械般工作的人★atmosphere

n.大气层atmosphere[]

n.大气，空气，气氛，氛围IwenttotheNewConceptEnglishofNewOrientalschoolforitsgoodatmosphere.

【Text】TheHubbletelescopewaslaunchedintospacebyNASAonApril20,1990atacostofoverabilliondollars.RightfromthestarttherewastroublewiththeHubble.Thepicturesitsentuswereverydisappointingbecauseitsmainmirrorwasfaulty!NASAisnowgoingtoputthetelescoperight,soitwillsoonbesendingupfourastronautstorepairit.TheshuttleEndeavourwillbetakingtheastronautstotheHubble.Arobot-armfromtheEndeavourwillgrabthetelescopeandholditwhiletheastronautsmakethenecessaryrepairs.Ofcourse,theHubbleisabovetheearth'satmosphere,soitwillsoonbesendingustheclearestpicturesofthestarsanddistantgalaxiesthatwehaveeverseen.TheHubblewilltellusagreatdealabouttheageandsizeoftheuniverse.Bythetimeyoureadthis,theHubble'seagleeyewillhavesentusthousandsandthousandsofwonderfulpictures.参考译文哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空,耗资10多亿美元.从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题.它传送给我们的图像很令人失望,因为它的主要镜子有误差.国家航天局准备纠正这一错误,为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜.“奋进”号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃.当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时,“奋进”号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它.当然,哈勃位于地球的大气层之外,因此,它很快就会给我们传送我们所见到过的、有关行星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片.哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情.等到你读到这篇文章时,敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片.

【课文讲解】1、TheHubbletelescopewaslaunchedintospacebyNASAonApril20,1990atacostofoverabilliondollars.atacostof…

造价为……，耗资，以……的价格/费用

Hehasjustbuiltanewhouseforhisfamilyatacostof$10,000.NASA[]=NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration

(美国)国家航空和宇宙航行局（单词縮写一般都是组织或者机构）2、RightfromthestarttherewastroublewiththeHubble.rightfromthestart

从最开始（right起强调作用）

Hedidn’twanttoworkatthefirm(right)fromthestart.troublewith…

关于……有麻烦What'sthetroublewithyou?

你有什么麻烦?(医生常这样问)Thereis(engine)troublewithmycar.3、Thepicturesitsentuswereverydisappointingbecauseitsmainmirrorwasfaulty!fault

n.错误

；

faulty

adj.有错误的Sorry,it'smyfault.4、NASAisnowgoingtoputthetelescoperight,soitwillsoonbesendingupfourastronautstorepairit.putsth.right

修好（故障等），校正，纠正

Remembertoputthelightsrighttomorrow.sendup

往上送5、Arobot-armfromtheEndeavourwillgrabthetelescopeandholditwhiletheastronautsmakethenecessaryrepairs.holdit

抓住它6、TheHubblewilltellusagreatdealabouttheageandsizeoftheuniverse.agreatdeal

大量

agreatdealof…

大量的……7、Bythetimeyoureadthis,theHubble'seagleeyewillhavesentusthousandsandthousandsofwonderfulpictures.bythetime

到那时engleeye

鹰眼，锐利目光

Hisfather’seagleeyeisalwaysonhim.thousandsandthousandsof

成千上万的

Therearehundredsofthousands/thousandsandthousandsofcarsinthiscity.【LetterWriting】常见的书信开头：Ihavenotheardfromyouforsometime,so…Itwasverykindofyouto…【Keystructures】将来完成时、将来进行时和将来完成进行时将来完成时的构成：willhavedone，表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作，必须和某个时间状语连用，强调到将来某一点时间动作的结束。

Workerswillhavecompletedthenewroadsbytheendofthisyear.将来进行时的构成：willbedoing，表示将来某个时候正在进行的动作或表示计划好的事，陈述将来的事实。

Theywillbearrivingheretomorrow.将来完成进行时的构成：willhavebeendoing，表示某种状况一直持续到说话人所提及的时间，从某一点发生,一直延续到将来的某一点,并且将可能延续下去，强调到将来某一点时间动作可能结束或延续。

Bythistimenextweek,Iwillhavebeenworkingforthisfirmfortwentyyears.ByFridaymidday,theywillhavebeenworkingonitforsevendays.

（workonsth.

关于……的工作）在时间状语从句中，要用现在完成时代替将来完成时：

BythetimeI’vecompletedthisone,I’llhavebeenwritingforsixyears.

到我写完这本书时，我将已经写了6年书了。

WhenI’vebuiltthisone,I’llhavebuiltfivealtogether.【SpecialDifficulties】

Cost,Price,Valuecost

①n.价格，价钱，费用（侧重指某项服务、工程等），成本（复数）atthecostof

以……的费用，造价……

Theybuiltthebridgeatacostofover$600,000.

Idon’tknowthecostsofthesecars.

我不知道这些车的成本是多少。②vt.价钱为……，（使）花费（不用于被动语态）Thenewcarcosthim$5,000.HowmuchdiditcosttolaunchtheHubbletelescopeintospace?Whatdoesthisblousecost,please?

请问,这件衬衣多少钱?price

①n.价格，价钱（侧重于指某个具体东西或商品的价钱），物价（复数）Howmuchisthatblouse?Let'sasktheprice.

What’sthepriceofthedress,please?Pricesaregoingupagain.

物价又上涨了。②v.问……的价钱，查明/查询……的价格；给……定价/标价Theypricedcarsfortwodaysbeforetheyboughtone.Thedressispricedat$50,butyoucanhaveitat$40.IwanttopricethebedlineninafewothershopsbeforeIbuyany.我想在买床单之前打听几家商店的价格.

value

①n.表示抽象的价值或重要性，价值观（复数）Thestolenitemswereofsentimental,ratherthanfinancialvalue.

被盗物品更具有情感上的涵义,

而不是经济上的价值.

Thisbookisofgreatvaluetome.Hisvaluesaredifferentfromthoseofmine.②vt.尊重，重视valuesth.

认为……有价值valuesth.ownedbyoneself

敝帚自珍Valueyourtime.

珍惜时间Ifyoudon’tvaluemyadvice,I’llspeaknomore.Exercise练习1

Therehasbeenasharpriseinthe(price)(cost)(value)ofliving.2

WheneverIbuyanythingnew,myfatheralwaysasksmethe(value)(cost)(price).3

Ifyouhavetoworkforsomethingyouwill(value)(price)(cost)itmore.4

Thathouse(valued)(cost)(priced)afortunetobuild.5

Dr.James'sworkisofenormous(value)(cost)(price)tothecommunity.6

Janehas(valued)(cost)(priced)thealternativeproductsandsherecommendsthisone.7

Sofar,tencountrieshavegivenmoneytowardsthe(value)(price)(cost)ofrebuildingaftertheearthquake.1sharprise:大幅上升的thecostofliving生活的费用2price价格3value:表示认为有价值4fortune:一大笔财产cost花费5community:社区,社会value:价值ofgreat(enormous)value有巨大的价值（enormous

adj.巨大的）6alternative另外的recommend:推荐pricesth.比较价格7towards=tothecostofrebuilding重建费用【Multiplechoicequestions】

2

TheHubbletelescope___a___.a.willtellusagreatdealabouttheuniverseb.costalotbutwasalmostworthlessc.willmeasurethesizeoftheearthd.requiresconstantcarefromtheastronautsconstant[]

n.[数、物]常数,恒量；adj.不变的,持续的,坚决的5

Arobot-armwillholdthetelescope____a____theastronautstorepairit.a.for

b.sothat

c.solongas

d.whichforsb.todosth.

基本结构sothat+句子

；solongas+句子:表示只要；which+句子11

ThemainmirroroftheHubble____d___.a.hadproblems

b.wasdistantc.wastheclearest

d.requiresrepairshadproblems有问题problemwithsth.

……出问题(习惯用法)

Therewasaproblemwithitsmainblem的两个含义：question；troublereauiresrepairs需要修理12

TheHubbleis____d___theearth'satmosphere.a.below

b.over

c.within

d.outsideabove

在……之上(凌空)abovetheearth’satmosphere

在大气层的上方Lesson62

Afferthefire【Newwordsandexpressions】（15）

control

n.控制smoke

n.烟desolate

adj.荒凉的threaten

v.威胁surrounding

adj.周围的destruction

n.破坏，毁灭flood

n.洪水，水灾authority

n.（常用复数）当局grass-seed

n.草籽spray

v.喷撒quantity

n.量root

n.根century

n.世纪patch

n.小片blacken

v.变黑，发暗★control

n.控制incontrol

在控制之内undercontrol

在控制之下,被控制outofcontrol

失控control<v.>

sth.

Icancontrolit.=Icanmanageit.

我能对付(口语)underarrest<n.>

被逮捕★smoke

n.烟（雾）fullofsmoke

充满烟雾smokey

adj.多烟的（名词加-y,变为形容词）smokeyarea

吸烟区；nonsmokeyarea

禁烟区rain–rainy；cloud-cloudysmoker

n.抽烟的人heavysmoker

烟瘾重的人；nonsmoker

不抽烟的人

smoke

v.吸烟Don'tsmoke!=Nosmoking!Hesmokedheavily.smokingarea/smokingroom

吸烟室smokingapartment

火车上的吸烟车厢cigarette=cigar

n.香烟★desolate

adj.荒凉的desolate

adj.荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住,荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连时)lonely[]

adj.孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）★threaten

v.威胁的threatentodosth.

威胁着要做……（与人相连）；有迹象表明……Itthreatenedtorain.

有迹象表明天要下雨了。threatensb.withsth.

以……来威胁/恐吓某人

Thethiefthreatenedhimwithaknife.

Thewholevillageisthreatenedwithdestruction.★surrounding

adj.周围的surroundings[]

n.环境(在周边的事物)atmosphere[]

n.大气层,氛围(在周边的人文环境)★destruction

n.破坏,毁灭destroy

v.破坏destructive

adj.毁灭性的construct

v.建设(为……创造更好的条件)construction

n.

建设,建筑constructionbank

建设银行constructive

adj.建设性的(意见)build

v.建设(具体的建某物)★flood

n.洪水,水灾flood=floods都对，都可以用，无区别★authority[]

n.当局(常用复数authorities)authority

n.权威（单数）★spray

v.喷撒spraysth.over/on

往……上喷洒spraywaterover/onflowerspraygrass-seedover/ontheground★quantity

n.（数）量quantitiesof

大量的……quality

n.质量

sth.withgoodquality

具有好质量的东西★root

n.根Whatistherootcause?

根本原因是什么？rootof…

……的根takeroot

生根comeout

长出来

shootcomeout

发芽（shoot

n.芽）flowercomeout

开花getout

出去★patch

n.小片，颜色和周围不同的部分patch

n.(平面上的)一片,补丁(本意)

Whatisthatyellowpatchonthewall?

墙上那块黄斑是什么？apatchof

一小片；patchesof

许多片Therearepatchesofcloudinthesky.apieceof/abitof/asheetof

一片，一块……★blacken

v.变黑，发暗Thesmokehasblackenthewalls.

烟把墙熏黑了。-en后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……”weak

adj.虚弱的——>weaken

v.使……变弱，削弱复合词（由两个词组合而成一个词），如fireman派生词（加前缀或后缀的词）如-tion——名词后缀；-less——形容词后缀【Text】Firemenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.Ashorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehills.Winterwascomingonandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonlywashawaythesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.Whenthefirehadatlastbeenputout,theforestauthoritiesorderedseveraltonsofaspecialtypeofgrass-seedwhichwouldgrowquickly.Theseedwassprayedoverthegroundinhugequantitiesbyaeroplanes.Theplaneshadbeenplantingseedfornearlyamonthwhenitbegantorain.Bythen,however,inmanyplacesthegrasshadalreadytakenroot.Inplaceofthegreattreeswhichhadbeengrowingthereforcenturiespatchesofgreenhadbeguntoappearintheblackenedsoil.

参考译文消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近3个星期才最后把火势控制住.就在不久之前,参天大树还覆盖着方圆数英里的土地.而现在,发热的地面上仍然升腾着烟雾,弥漫在荒凉的山丘上.冬季即将来临,这些山丘对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁,因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤,而且还会引起严重的水灾.在大火最后被扑灭后,森林管理当局订购了好几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽.飞机把这种草籽大量地撒播在地上.飞机撒播近一个月后,开始下起雨来.然而到那时,很多地方的草已经生了根.一片片的绿草开始出现在这片烧焦的土地上,代替了多少世纪以来一直生长在那里的参天大树.

【课文讲解】1、Firemenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.fightsth.

和……作搏斗getitundercontrol表示“使它得到控制”，get有“使……处于某种状态”的含义，“get+宾语+介词短语”作宾补:

TheGovernmentcannolongerkeeppricesundercontrol.

政府已控制不住物价。Gettheroominorder.

2、Ashorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.ashorttimebefore和ashorttimeago都可以与段时间相连ashorttimebefore

不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前ashorttimeago

过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前formilesaround

方圆几英里（around表示“在周围，向四周”）

Thisistheonlymodernbuildingformilesaround.3、Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehills.riseup(from)

升上来smokeriseup

(烟、雾)弥漫4、Winterwascomingonandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonlywashawaythesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.winterwascomingon

冬季即将来临(季节的来临的通用表达式)，comeon的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”：

Whenspringcomeson,therewillbeflowerseverywhere.

Iwasstillintheforestwhennightcameon.washaway

冲掉，冲走，洗掉

Awoodenbridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.

Ican’twashthespotaway.5、Whenthefirehadatlastbeenputout,theforestauthoritiesorderedseveraltonsofaspecialtypeofgrass-seedwhichwouldgrowquickly.putout

扑灭order

定购type强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与kind有区别6、Theseedwassprayedoverthegroundinhugequantitiesbyaeroplanes.quantity单数时仅表示“数量”，既可以用于表示多也可以用于表示少：

Theydrankalarge/great/smallquantityofbeerlastnight.quantity复数时表示“大量”：

Heboughtbooksin(large)quantities.7、Bythen,however,inmanyplacesthegrasshadalreadytakenroot.takeroot表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”：

Thistypeofgrasstakesrooteasily.

Theideahastakenrootinhismind.8、Inplaceofthegreattreeswhichhadbeengrowingthereforcenturiespatchesofgreenhadbeguntoappearintheblackenedsoil.inplaceof

替代，取代(只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了)Inplaceofacup,Iputavasethere.

以前放的是茶杯，现在放的是花瓶。JaneansweredthephoneinplaceofMary.insteadof

替代+没做的事Insteadofstayinghome,Iwenttoschool.（此句就不能用“inplaceof”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“inplaceof”也可以用“insteadof”。）【Summarywriting】2

Hadallthegreattreesbeenburntornot?

Wastheredangerthatheavyrainwouldcauseseriousfloodsornot?

Wouldthefloodsdestroythesurroundingvillagesornot?(Nowthat…which)3

Didtheforestauthoritiesordergrass-seedtopreventthisornot?Forhowlongwasitsprayedoverthegroundbyplanes?(Topreventthis…which…)4

Diditbegintorainornot?Wherehadthegrasstakenroot?(Bythetimethat…)2Nowthatallthegreattreeshadbeenburnt,therewasdangerthatheavyrainwouldcauseseriousfloodswhichdestroythesurroundingvillages.nowthat

既然；which

定语从句3Topreventthistheforestauthoritiesorderedgrass-seedwhichwassprayedoverthegroundbyplanesfornearlyamonth.toprevent…

为了预防……4Bythetimeitbegantorain,thegrasshadtakenrootinthesoil.bythetime(that)

到……时候为止(that可以省略)，应理解为“before”【Keystructures】过去完成时和过去完成进行时过去完成进行时的构成：hadbeen+现在分词过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去更早的某一段时间内一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果，过去完成进行时也可用来表示过去经常重复的动作，还可以表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出结论。与它经常连用的表示时间的词有before，for，since，allday等。

Shewasverytired.Shehadbeentypinglettersallday.

Jillwasangry.Jimhadbeenphoninghereverynightforawholeweek.

Hereyeswerered.Itwasobviousshehadbeencrying.在包含间接引语的句子中，如果引述词是过去时态，则现在完成进行时要改为过去完成进行时。过去完成时与过去完成进行时有时可以互换。但需要表示某个工作已经完成时，只能用过去完成时。

WhenIarrived,they’dalredyputthefireout.【SpecialDifficulties】

ControlandCheckcontrol

①vt.控制，指挥，支配，管理Don’ttrytocontrolotherpeople.②n.控制（能力），支配（能力）It’shardtokeepthenumberofpeoplecomingintothecountryundercontrol.check

vt.检查，核对，查看They’regoingtocheckourpassports.GreatandBiggreat

adj.大的(强调重要性)，伟大的，重大的，重要的

Frankhasjustmadeagreatdecision.big

adj.大的(强调面积、体积、规模上的大)

Samisabigman.SoilandGroundsoil

n.泥土(能让植物生长的)，土，土地，土壤

Treesandgrassgrowquicklyinrichsoil.ground

n.地表，地面(与土壤无关)，场地，土地

Hethrewthecuptotheground.【Multiplechoicequestions】6

Theplanes____c___nearlyamonthtoplanttheseed.a.did

b.made

c.took

d.had花费时间的表达：如果人作主语用spend；用时间表达用take9

Large____d____ofseedwereused.a.weights

b.measures

c.tons

d.amountsweight

n.重量；measures

v.测量；tons

n.吨（severaltons）largeamounts

大量的，修饰不可数名词11

Patchesofgreenhadbeguntoappear.Therewasgreengrass____d____.a.everywhere

b.onlyinoneortwoplacesc.inoneplace

d.hereandtherepatches许多快everywhere每一寸土地上都长着东西hereandthere这一块,那一块,很多快,不一定是每一寸Lesson63

Shewasnotamused【Newwordsandexpressions】（6）

circle

n.圈子admire

v.赞美，钦佩close

adj.亲密的wedding

n.婚礼reception

n.招待会sort

n.种类★admire

v.赞美，钦佩①vt.钦佩，赞赏Iadmirehismusicmorethananyoneelse’s.admiresb.forsth.

因为……羡慕某人Iadmirehimforhisrichness/house/cleverdaughter/konwledge.②vt.欣赏，观赏Whileadmiringthenewbuilding,Iheardsomeonecallingmyname.③vt.(口语)夸奖，称赞Shelikestohearherchildrenadmired.★close

adj.亲密的closefriend

亲密的朋友★reception

n.招待会reception＝partyweddingreception

婚宴newsconference

新闻发布会,记者招待会★sort

n.种类，类型（常与of连用）type种类（有特殊特征的）sort和kind有时可以互换，但在下面两种情况下用sort：①thatsortofperson

那种人②sort可含有讽刺意味That'sthesortofthingyoulikebest.Youmustn’tmixwiththatsortofpeople.

你不得与那种人交往。【Text】JeremyHampdenhasalargecircleoffriendsandisverypopularatparties.Everybodyadmireshimforhisgreatsenseofhumour--everybody,thatis,excepthissix-year-olddaughter,Jenny.Recently,oneofJeremy'sclosestfriendsaskedhimtomakeaspeechataweddingreception.ThisisthesortofthingthatJeremyloves.HepreparedthespeechcarefullyandwenttotheweddingwithJenny.Hehadincludedalargenumberoffunnystoriesinthespeechand,ofcourse,itwasagreatsuccess.Assoonashehadfinished,Jennytoldhimshewantedtogohome.Jeremywasalittledisappointedbythisbuthedidashisdaughterasked.Onthewayhome,heaskedJennyifshehadenjoyedthespeech.Tohissurprise,shesaidshehadn't.Jeremyaskedherwhythiswassoandshetoldhimthatshedidnotliketoseesomanypeoplelaughingathim!

参考译文杰里米·汉普登交际甚广,是各种聚会上深受大家欢迎的人.人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感——人人,就是说,除他6岁的女儿珍妮之外的每一个人.最近,杰里米的一个最亲密的朋友请他在一个婚礼上祝词.这正是杰里米喜欢做的事情.他认真准备了讲稿,带着珍妮一道去参加了婚礼.他的祝词里面加进了大量逗人的故事,自然大获成功.他刚一讲完,珍妮就对他说她要回家.这不免使杰里米有点扫兴,但他还是按照女儿的要求做了.在回家的路上,他问珍妮是否喜欢他的祝词.使他吃惊的是,她说她不喜欢.杰里米问她为何不喜欢,她说她不愿意看到那么多的人嘲笑他!

【课文讲解】1、JeremyHampdenhasalargecircleoffriendsandisverypopularatparties.havealargecircleoffriends

有一个很大的朋友圈子,交际很广＝sb.has/havealotoffriendsHehasalargecircleoffriends.

他有很多朋友circle的含义之一是“（具有共同利益或兴趣等的人形成的）圈子，……界”

Suchthingsarenevertalkedaboutinbusinesscircles.

Jeremyusedtohavealargecircleoffriends,butnowhelikesbeingalone.popular

adj.受欢迎的，得人心的

Maryisalwayspopularwith/amongchildren.2、Everybodyadmireshimforhisgreatsenseofhumour--everybody,thatis,excepthissix-year-olddaughter,Jenny.admire…for

钦佩……的……thatis为插入语，一旦插在句子当中,是作为固定结构,意思是“那就是说，亦即”，起解释作用

HeiscominghomenextMonday,thatis,April5th.senseofhumour

幽默感

Georgehasnosenseofhumour.

Heisamanwithouthumour.3、ThisisthesortofthingthatJeremyloves.thesortof,thekindof的后面加单数4、HepreparedthespeechcarefullyandwenttotheweddingwithJenny.preparesth.

准备做……，后面跟内容有关系Iampreparingaspeech.

（speech

n.发言）prepareforsth.

为……作准备，后面不一定跟内容有关系5、Hehadincludedalargenumberoffunnystoriesinthespeechand,ofcourse,itwasagreatsuccess.included包含（把里面内容的一部分挑出来说）contain强调容器里的包含,后面一定要把所有的东西都列举出来Itwasagreatsuccess.表示“这事做的不错,不同凡响,很成功”6、Jeremywasalittledisappointedbythisbuthedidashisdaughterasked.alittle稍微,有一点bedisappointedby…

因为……感到失望as+从句

如同……那样，以……的方式（方式状语从句）doasyouaretold

按你被告知的做Thisfishisn’tcookedasIlikeit.7、Jeremyaskedherwhythiswassoandshetoldhimthatshedidnotliketoseesomanypeoplelaughingathim!whythiswasso（this可以作主语,也可以作宾语，so只能作宾语,只能放在动词后面）Ithinkso./Ihopeso./Iguessso./Iexpectso.Irefusetodoso.

我拒绝这样做seesb.doingsth.

看见某人正在作某事somanypeople跟数字相连的前面一定要用so★laugh

①vi.(大)笑You’reverykindtolaughwhenItellafunnystory.Everybodylaughedoutloudwhenhesaidthat.②vi.嘲笑（介词用at）Ifyougorounddayingthingslikethat,everyonewilllaughatyou.如果你到处说那种话，所有的人都会嘲笑你的。如果laughat后跟的是物，表示“因……而发笑”：

You’reverykindtolaughatmyfunnystories.【Summarywriting】1

IsJeremyHampdengreatlyadmiredforhisgreatsenseofhumourornot?Whatwasheinvitedtodo?Didheimmediatelyagreetodosoornot?(WhenJeremy...whois...)WhenJeremyHampden,whoisgreatlyadmiredforhisgreatsenseofhumour,wasinvitedtomakeaspeechataweddingreception,heimmediatelyagreedtodoso.在不使句子产生歧义的前提下,定语从句可放在其所修饰的整个句子的后面,如以下两句:Thebrother,whowasstandingnearthehouse,wantedtogoswimming.Thebrotherwantedtogoswimmingwhowasstandingnearthehouse.但下面的就容易产生歧义:Thebrother,whowasstandingnearthehouse,wantedtotalkwiththegirl.Thebrotherwantedtotalkwiththegirlwhowasstandingnearthehouse.(有歧义)【LetterWriting】书信常见开头：

Youmustbeveryannoyedwithmefor…

Ihavejustheardthat…【Multiplechoicequestions】

4

____a___Jenny,everyoneadmireshimforhisgreatsenseofhumour.a.Exceptfor

b.Apart

c.Except

d.Unlessunless

adv.除非exceptfor＝apartfrom

Apartfromafewwords,IdonotknowanyFrenchatall.

7

Jeremywasalittledisappointed.Hewas____d____disappointed.a.little

b.somehow

c.enough

d.somewhatalittle少量,少许,有一点点；little几乎没有。与形容词或副词连用时,用alittle；与名词连用时,用alittle,little都可。何时用alittle,何时用little,是由说话人的态度区分somehow

adv.不知怎么的SomehowIfellinthehole.

somewhat

adv.有一些，有一点（somewhat＝alittle）8

Everyoneadmireshim.They____a___him.a.thinkhighlyof

b.laughat

c.estimate

d.esteemthinkof

考虑；thinkhighlyof

高度赞扬estimate

v.评估

；

esteem

v.尊重【语法精粹】1Simplephotographiclensescan’t__D__sharp,undistortedimagesoverawidefield.A.toform

B.areformed

C.forming

D.form情态动词后接动词原形构成谓语2Ofallthefactorsaffectingagriculturalyields,weatheristheone___B__themost.A.itinfluencesfarmers

B.thatinfluencesfarmers

C.farmersthatitinfluences

D.whyfarmersinfluenceit

如果一句子出现了谓语动词,再出现动词则可能是：①并列关系②从句③非谓语动词④介词短语why引导的从句一定是表语从句或宾语从句3Bytrackingtheeyeofahurricane,forecasterscandeterminethespeedatwhich___B__A.isastormmoving

B.astormismoving

C.ismovingastorm

D.amovingstormwhich后接的是定语从句，且是atwhich在句中作成份atwhich=atthespeed

ThisistheriverinwhichIswim.4Duringthefloodof1927,theRedCross,___D__outofemergencyheadquartersinMississppi,setuptemporarysheltersforthehomeless.A.operates

B.isoperating

C.hasoperated

D.operating6Duringaneclipseofthesun,_____intheshadowoftheMoon.A.theEarthlies

B.theEarthwhenlying

C.thattheEarthlies

D.thelyingEarth少了主语和谓语动词Lesson64

TheChannelTunnel【Newwordsandexpressions】（13）

tunnel

n.隧道port

n.港口ventilate

v.通风chimney

n.烟囱sealevel

海平面double

adj.双的ventilation

n.通风fear

v.害怕invasion

n.入侵，侵略officially

adv.正式地connect

v.连接European

adj.欧洲的continent

n.大陆★tunnel

n.隧道channel

n.海峡（TheChannel

英吉利海峡）★ventilate

v.通风★ventilation

n.通风ForcedVentilation

强制排风系统（forced[]

adj.被迫的，强迫的，动用武力的）air

v.通风Airtheroom,please!

给房间通通风★double

adj.双的字母W的读音就是“doubleu”，意为两个u构成w.couple，pair

两个acoupleofweeksapairofshoes/socks/glasses一副眼镜★fear

v.害怕①vt.害怕，畏惧sb.feardoingsth.

害怕做……Shefearsspeakinginpublic.sb.fearsth.

害怕……

Ifeareddarkness.

beafraidof

害怕……Iamafraidofdogs.beafraidof/fear

人做主语②vt.恐怕，猜想（比beafraid要正式）fearthat…

恐怕……Wefear/Itisfeared/We’reafraidthatmanyliveshavebeenlostinthecrash.beafraidthat…=Iamsorry.

恐怕……（婉言谢绝）Canyouhelpme?

IamafraidIcan't.=Iamafraidnot.

fright/frighten/frightening/frightened/frightfulsth.frightensb.=sth.scaresb.

……吓了……一跳

Youfrightened/scaredme.Thedoyfrightenedme.

frighten=scare是因某件突然的事情才让某人产生了害怕的情绪，句子后边的部分是人horrify[]

v.使恐怖,使极度厌恶,惊骇horrified[]

adj.惊悸的,带有恐怖感的,惊骇的★invasion

n.入侵,侵略invade[]

vt.侵略,侵袭,拥挤★officially

adv.正式地official

adj.（官方的）正式formally

adv.（一般的）正式★connect

v.连接connectsth.with/to…

把……和……连接

connectAwithB

(A和B平等)

connectAtoB

(A连到B上去)

Thisroadconnectsthevillagewith/toLondon.★European

adj.欧洲的★continent

n.大陆EuropeanContinent

欧洲大陆（不包括欧洲岛国）【Text】In1858,aFrenchengineer,AimeThomedeGamond,arrivedinEnglandwithaplanforatwenty-one-miletunnelundertheEnglishChannel.HesaidthatitwouldbepossibletobuildaplatforminthecentreoftheChannel.Thisplatformwouldserveasaportandarailwaystation.Thetunnelwouldbewell-ventilatediftallchimneyswerebuiltabovesealevel.In1860,abetterplanwasputforwardbyanEnglishman,WilliamLow.Hesuggestedthatadoublerailway-tunnelshouldbebuilt.Thiswouldsolvetheproblemofventilation,forifatrainenteredthistunnel,itwoulddrawinfreshairbehindit.Forty-twoyearslateratunnelwasactuallybegun.If,atthetime,theBritishhadnotfearedinvasion,itwouldhavebeencompleted.Theworldhadtowaitalmostanother100yearsfortheChannelTunnel.ItwasofficiallyopenedonMarch7,1994,finallyconnectingBritaintotheEuropeancontinent.参考译文1858年,一位名叫埃梅·托梅·德·干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海峡的隧道计划到了英国.他说,可以在隧道中央建造一座平台,这座平台将用作码头和火车站.如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管,隧道就具备了良好的通风条件.1860年,一位名叫威廉·洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划.他提议建一条双轨隧道,这样就解决了通风问题.因为如果有一列火车开进隧道,它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道.42年以后,隧道实际已经开始建了.如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵,隧道早已建成了.世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工.它于1994年3月7日正式开通,将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起.

【课文讲解】1、In1858,aFrenchengineer,AimeThomedeGamond,arrivedinEnglandwithaplanforatwenty-one-miletunnelundertheEnglishChannel.

planfor+名词/动名词

……的计划twenty-one-mile加连字符，用单数，作定语2、Thisplatformwouldserveasaportandarailwaystation.serveas…=servefor…

起……作用，用作……，充当……Itwillserveasaswimmingpool.Thissofacanserveas/for(a)bed.3、In1860,abetterplanwasputforwardbyanEnglishman,WilliamLow.putforward(plan/suggestion)

提出（计划、建议等）

Youknowtheywouldn’tacceptyourplan.Whydidyouputitforward?4、Hesuggestedthatadoublerailway-tunnelshouldbebuilt.suggest①

vt.暗示，用法与其他的词相同②

vt.建议，用虚拟语气，后接动词是要用-ing形式，后接that从句采用一种固定的用法“should+动词原形”（should可省略）Isuggested(that)he(should)gohome.

(that,should都可省略)

HesuggestedthatIshouldgowithhim.

他建议我一定要跟他去.insist作“坚持”讲时用法同suggest

HeinsistedthatIshouldstaytolunch.

他坚持要我留下来吃晚饭.5、Thiswouldsolvetheproblemofventilation,forifatrainenteredthistunnel,itwoulddrawinfreshairbehindit.drawin

吸进，如用bring没有drawin形象、贴切6、If,atthetime,theBritishhadnotfearedinvasion,itwouldhavebeencompleted.虚拟语气(非真实条件句)中，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，此时主句格式为wouldhavedone，would/could/should都可以情态动词加havedone表示对过去的推测，如musthavedone，can'thavedone等7、Theworldhadtowaitalmostanother100yearsfortheChannelTunnel.waitforsb.

wait(for)sometimesIhavewaitedfiveminutes.(for可不要)Ihavewaitedforyou(for)fiveminutes.

Ihavewaitedfiveyearsforyou.【Summarywriting】1

WhoplannedtobuildatunnelundertheEnglishChannelin1858?Howwoulditbeventilated?(Thetunnel,which…)4

Didworkbeginforty－twoyearslaterornot?Whywasitstopped?(Though…because)5

WhenwastheChannelTunnelofficiallyopened?(However)1

先行词,which:非限定性定语从句Thetunnel,whichaFrenchengineerplannedtobuildin1858,wouldbeventilatediftallchimmeyswerebuiltabovesealevel.4

Thoughitwasbegun(workbeginforty-twoyearslater),itwasstoppedbecause…5

However起了副词的作用,后面可以直接加一个句子【Composition】

1

TheEnglishChannelseparatesBritainfromEurope.Thecountryhasnotbeeninvadedsince106