2023年研究生类硕士研究生学位课程-英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解卷

2023年研究生类硕士研究生学位课程-英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共50题)1.Thehumanbody,likeanyotherphysicalbody,canbedescribed______itssize,weight,chemicalcomposition,andmovementinspace.A.inmemoryofB.inspiteofC.intermsofD.infavorof2.Thiscountrycouldhaveasmanyas10millioncasesofAIDSin2010ifthe______isnottakenseriously.A.episodeB.epidemicC.equivalentD.eruption3.Schoolsareadvisedtoworktogetherwithparentstoaddresstheissueofaddictiontocomputergames.A.speaktoB.dealwithC.takedownD.gofor4.Insomecases,thefluvirus______anoverwhelmingandpotentiallyfatalimmuneresponse.A.triggersB.envisagesC.confinesD.irritates5.Bythetimethegeneralelectionwasover,Georgefeltmentallyandphysicallywornout.A.abusedB.exhaustedC.enhancedD.depressed6.Studieshaveprovedthatsmartpeopletendtobesmartacrossdifferentkindsofrealms.A.realitiesB.fieldsC.occupationsD.courses7.Thisgirlspentlittletimeonexperiments,yetshe______completedherthesisasscheduled.A.somehowB.howeverC.additionallyD.hardly8.Youcan______abouttheseuniversitieseasilyifyouhavereadyaccesstotheInternet.A.figureoutB.findoutC.makeoutD.workout9.Civilwarsorpersistentdroughtscanhavea(n)______impactontheeconomy.A.fascinatingB.amazingC.fleetingD.devastating10.ThedrasticchangesthathavetakenplaceinChinahavewonworldwide______.A.identificationB.realizationC.admissionD.recognition11.Itisgenerallybelievedthatmoneycanalwaysbringhappiness,butstudiesandsurveyshaveprovedthatthisisamyth.A.fairytaleB.absolutetruthC.mistakenideaD.bigcontroversy12.Beta-endorphinisanaturalopiatewhichincreasespaintolerance,countersstressandimpartsafeelingofwell-being.A.destroysB.suppressesC.givesD.secretes13.Ifthepresidentcanstopthewar,hisdomestic______willbeenormouslystrengthened.A.careerB.positionC.professionD.occupation14.Manyeffectivemeasuresarebeingtakentocurbtherisingpriceofproperty.A.spurB.checkC.glorifyD.alienate15.Tosucceedinthe21stcentury,weneedtointegratetraditionaltoolsofforeignpolicywhiletappingtheenergyandideasofcitizens.A.takingonB.dwellinguponC.drawinguponD.focusingon16."Thereisaweirdpowerinaspokenword,"JosephConradoncesaid.A.mightyB.prospectiveC.oddD.formidable17.Somethingworthdoingisnone______forbeingdonetwice,A.theworseB.muchworseC.moreworseD.worseenough18.Thelasttracesofrespectabilityhadvanishedbythetimehewasconvictedandimprisoned.A.collapsedB.disappearedC.perishedD.scattered19.BecauseofthestruggleputupbytheWomen'sLib,manywomenhavefoundgoodcareers.A.initiatedB.proposedC.supportedD.terminated20.Thebossneedsaworkoutprogramthatperfectly______hisbusyschedule.A.turnsintoB.fallsintoC.looksintoD.fitsinto21.Thiscottagehasexcellentsurroundingsandisinprettygoodconditionapartfromthesinkingroof.A.inadditiontoB.exceptforC.butforD.asto22.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsunderthetitleof"IsEnglishGrammarImportant"Youareadvisedtogiveexamplesandavoidusinganystereotypedexpressionsorsentences,suchas"lastbutnottheleast".23.Myheart______whenIheardthatIhadbeeneliminatedduringthefirst-roundinterview.A.droppedB.fellC.plungedD.sank24.Heart-brokenanddesperate,shewasdeterminedtoleavethisfamilyforgood.A.permanentlyB.alternativelyC.temporarilyD.desirably25.Policeinplainclothestriedtodispersethecrowdthatgatheredoutsidethecitycouncil.A.breakoutB.breakdownC.breakoffD.breakup26.Incompetentleadershipandbureaucracycansuppresscreativityand______.A.initialB.initiationC.initiativeD.initiator27.Thosestrictregulations,ifimplemented,wouldblockyouthsfrombuyingtheseproducts.A.facilitateB.intendC.stabilizeD.hinder28.Moststaffinthisofficedidnotlikethemanageress,forshewasknowntobesly,selfishand______.A.manifestedB.manipulativeC.conscientiousD.controversial29.Sometimesyouhavetotakewhatissaidonlinewithagrainofsalt,otherwisetherewouldbetoomuchnews.A.completelyB.willinglyC.theoreticallyD.skeptically30.SeawaterneartheFukushimaplantisshowingelevatedlevelsofradioactivityinJapan.A.stabilizedB.reducedC.increasedD.saturated31.Inmyopinion,youcanwidenthe______ofthisimprovementthroughyouractiveparticipation.A.dimensionB.volumeC.magnitudeD.scope32.ThisarchaeologistmadeastudyofthevastareathroughwhichtheRomancivilizationhasbeenpropagated.A.extendedB.terminatedC.speculatedD.restricted33.Itisalwayspraiseworthytoadmitone'serrorsandrectifythemwithoutdelay.A.straightenB.correctC.justifyD.identify34.Withoutmutualtrust,thewillingnesstoengage______inthelearningprocessishindered.A.deliberatelyB.collaborativelyC.destructivelyD.individually35.Oilpalmsaretropicaltreesthatthriveinrainforests,someoftheregionsonEarthwiththehighestbiodiversity.A.shrinkB.surviveC.descendD.flourish36.Sometimethe3-year-oldchildhastrouble______factfromfiction.A.separatingB.toseparateC.havingseparatedD.forseparating37.Oncethebabyhasmasteredtheideathatspaceisthree-dimensional,it______outandbeginsgraspingvariouskindsofobjects.A.shoutsB.reachesC.aimsD.pull38.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsunderthetitleof"HowtoWriteBetterEnglish."Youareadvisedtoavoidusinganystereotypedexpressionsorsentences,suchas"lastbutnottheleast."39.Thegirlwasfortuneenoughtoliveunderthecareofaninvolvedfatherandalovingmother.A.sympatheticB.convictedC.concernedD.separated40.Inthisresearch,theclinicaldataon150patientswithhypertensionwas______studied.A.randomlyB.intellectuallyC.retrospectivelyD.respectfully41.Healthcareproviderswishtoimprovetheir______throughregularcontinuingeducation.A.equivalenceB.competenceC.relevanceD.prevalence42.Withthedebtapproachingastaggeringsum,thiscompanyhadnochoicebuttodeclarebankruptcy.A.astonishingB.swayingC.tremblingD.amusing43.Becauseshespokethelanguage,shegotaroundthecountryverywellonherown.A.forpersonalbenefitsB.atherownexpenseC.withoutanyhelpD.inspiteofthat44.Anursingdegreedoesn'tdeliverhighmonetaryreturns,atleastnotinthefirstfivetotenyears.A.conveyB.anticipateC.consumeD.produce45.Theminerswhohadbeenstuckundergroundfordaysweretakentoahospitalrightaway.A.forthetimebeingB.behindthetimesC.attimesD.innotime46.Aboutthreeyearsintothisjob,thesemigrantlaborerscametoaccepttheharshfactsintime.A.punctuallyB.immediatelyC.originallyD.eventually47.Themanagerisseekingsomecost-effectivemethodsthatcancallforththeirinitiative.A.efficientB.conventionalC.economicalD.unique.48.ThegreatAmericanscientistEdisonhadaremarkable______forinventingnewthings.A.requirementB.aptitudeC.obligationD.vulnerability49.HeseemedinsuchaninconsolablestatethatIdidn'tknowwhethertoleaveorstay.A.distractedB.enragedC.overjoyedD.brokenhearted50.Manisbeginningtorealizetheimportanceofenvironmentprotection.

2.

Therearemanyproblemsconcerningenvironmentatthepresent:destructionofforests,airpollution,waterpollution,etc.

3.

Manmustprotectthenaturalenvironment.第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：C[解析]该句意为：就像其他任何物体一样，人体可从体型、体重、化学构成和空间运动等方面来描述。

inmemoryof：纪念；inspiteof：尽管；intermsof：有关……，以……为单位，体现在……，联系到……，从……角度；infavorof：赞成，支持，对……有利。2.参考答案：B3.参考答案：Baddress：写地址，同……讲话，处理；speakto：同……说话；dealwith：处理，应付；takedown：记下；gofor：支持4.参考答案：A[解析]该句意为：某些情况下，流感病毒引发免疫反应，不仅势不可挡，而且可能是致命的。trigger：诱发，引发，扳机；envisage：想象，设想，预测；confine：限制，局限；irritate：使……恼火，刺激。5.参考答案：Bwornout：不能使用了(用坏了)，疲劳；abused：滥用的，受虐待的，受侮辱的；exhausted：疲劳的，耗尽的；enhanced：增强的；depressed：抑郁的，不开心的，郁闷的。6.参考答案：Brealm：领域；reality：现实；field：田野，领域，实地；occupation：职业，占领；course：课程，路线，一道菜7.参考答案：Asomehow：以人民不了解的某种方式，莫名其妙地；however：但是(前面已有but，不宜再次表示“但是”)；additionally：此外；hardly：几乎不(与but意义矛盾)。8.参考答案：B[解析]该句意为：如果你上网容易，就能轻易地了解这些大学的情况。

figureout：琢磨出来，猜出来；findout：弄清楚，搞明白，查明；makeout：艰难地识别出……；workout：健身，解答，制定，自行解决，结局。学生普遍认为find与findout的区别是“过程”和“结果”，或者说是“找”和“找到”，这是错误的理解。在大多数情况下，findout接从句，主要是疑问词引导的从句，如what或where。该词组几乎不接名词，像findoutthecause或findoutthewordsthat...应该是Chinglish。9.参考答案：D[解析]该句意为：内战或持续干旱可能对经济造成重大破坏。

fascinating：迷人的，有魅力的；amazing：惊人的，令人赞叹的，精彩的；fleeting：短暂的，稍纵即逝的；devastating：造成严重破坏的，造成重大损失的，严重的。10.参考答案：Didentification：识别，鉴定，辨认，身份；realization：意识到，实现；admission：录取，进入；recognition：识别，辨认，承认，意识到11.参考答案：Cmyth：神话，错误的认识(该意义比较流行)；fairytale：神话故事；absolutetruth：绝对真理；mistakeidea：错误的想法；bigcontroversy：争议大的事情12.参考答案：CC项give“给予，传授”。译文：β一内啡肽是一种天然鸦片，它可以增强对疼痛的耐受力，缓解紧张情绪，并给人一种安全感。A项destroy“毁坏”；B项suppress“抑制，镇压”；D项secrete“隐藏”。13.参考答案：B[解析]position含有“地位，身份，职位”之意。career意为“经历，职业”。profession表示“职业，同行”。occupation意为“占领，占有，职业”。14.参考答案：B[解析]该句意为：正在采取有效措施抑制房价的上涨。

curb：抑制，遏制；spur：刺激，鼓励；check：核实，检查，抑制；glorify：美化；alienate：疏远，异化，转移，使……不友好。15.参考答案：C[解析]该句意为：要想在21世纪取得成功，我们需要综合利用外交政策中的传统方法，同时要利用公民的能量和想法。

tap：开发，挖掘，利用，水龙头；takeon：雇用，呈现出；dwellupon：思考；drawupon：利用；focuson：集中于……，重点是……。16.参考答案：Cweird：超自然的，奇怪的，古怪的，神秘的；mighty：巨大的，力量大的；prospective：未来的；odd：奇怪的，零的；formidable：难对付的17.参考答案：A[解析]none+the+形容词或副词比较级表示“毫不，一点也不”。18.参考答案：B[解析]划线词vanishvi．“消失”；respectabilityn．“可尊敬的人或物，值得尊敬的性质或状态”。四个选项中，A项collapsevi．“倒塌，崩溃”；B项disappearvi．“消失，不见”；C项perishvi．“毁灭，死亡，枯萎”：D项scatterv．“分散，散开”。译文：随着他被宣判有罪入狱，人们对他的最后一丝尊敬也消失了。19.参考答案：A20.参考答案：D[解析]turninto：变成；fallinto：落入……之中，分为……类；lookinto：调查；fitinto：适合，与……一致21.参考答案：B[解析]该句意为：这个农舍周围的景色很美，总体完好无损，只是房顶下陷。

apartfrom：除……之外(同义词有besides，exceptfor，otherthan和withtheexceptionof)；inadditionto：除……之外，不仅……；exceptfor：除……之外，只是……(表示与总体特点不同)；butfor：如果不是由于……；asto：关于……(通常接疑问词引导的从句)。22.参考答案：[范文]

Oneofthemajorconcernsofcollegegraduatesistheirownprospectsofdevelopment.Graduatesofwell-knownschoolsaremorelikelytobecomesuccessfulandfamous,butacademicdegreeswillnotnecessarilyshape(determine)yourfuture.Thereisasayingthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifecanbecomegreatmasters/everyonehasthepotentialtoexcelinwhateverhedoes/eachoccupationcanproduceitsownmasters.Peoplenolongercareabouttheirsocialstatusasmuchastheyusedto.Farmorepeopleengageinjobstheyenjoythanseekfameandwealth.

Manygraduatestudentshavehadsuchanexperience—theysubmittedaresearchpapertoanSCIjournal,onlytobetoldtohavethelanguagepolishedbyanativespeakerofEnglish.Inmostcases,theproblemarisesfromgrammar.

WhateveryouwriteinEnglishcanbecomparedtoahouse.Grammaristheframeworkofthehousewhileindividualwordsserveasthebricksorwood.Aweakorfeebleframeworkcanneverleavethehousefirmandstrongagainstwind.Inthissense,agoodknowledgeofgrammarunderliesanyefforttowriteanything.Yourwritingwillseemmoreacceptableandcomprehensibleifitisfreeofgrammaticalerrors,towhichChinesestudentsarequiteprone.Flexibleuseofgrammarcanmakeyourwritingmoreenjoyable.

Ibelieveinneithergrammar-relatedexercisesnorprescriptivegrammarbooks.Toimproveone'sproficiencyofgrammar,itisnecessarytoreadextensivelywhilepayingparticularattentiontohowrulesofgrammarareusedactually.TheabilitytouserulesofgrammarcorrectlyinwritinggoesalongwaytowardsmakingyourEnglishmoreaccurate.23.参考答案：Done'sheartsinks是个常见的句子，表示“很失望”，类似“心凉了半截”。24.参考答案：Aforgood：永远，十分流行的；permanently：永远；alternatively：或者，作为替代方案；temporarily：暂时；desirably：可取，受欢迎25.参考答案：D[解析]该句意为：便衣警察试图驱散聚集在市政大厅外的人群。

disperse：驱散；breakout：爆发；breakdown：突破，克服，分解，情绪失控，抛锚；breakoff：中断；breakup：分手，拆散，驱散。26.参考答案：Cinitial：首字母，最初的；initiation：发动，掀起，启动；initiative：主动性；initiator：发动者。27.参考答案：D[解析]该句意为：一旦实施，这些严格的规定将限制年轻人购买这些产品。

block：街区，路障，大块石头，阻止，妨碍；facilitate：有助于；intend：意图是，旨在；stabilize：稳定；hinder：妨碍。28.参考答案：B[解析]A项manifested“显然的，明白的”；B项manipulative“操纵的，控制的”；C项conscientious“尽责的”；D项controversial“争议的”。句意：大多数员工都不喜欢这个女经理，因为她奸诈、自私、刚愎自用。B项符合语意。29.参考答案：D30.参考答案：C[解析]elevate：升高，上升(elevator电梯)；stabilize:稳定；reduce：减少；increase：增加，上升；saturate：饱和，充满31.参考答案：D[解析]A项dimension“尺度”；B项volume“体积”；C项magnitude“数量”；D项scope“范围”。根据划线词的widen“拓宽”，D项与之搭配最合适。句意：在我看来，通过你的积极参予，你将在更宽广的范围内取得进步。32.参考答案：A[解析]划线词propagatev.“繁殖，传播，宣传”。四个选项中，A项extend“扩大面积、范围或区域；扩大……的影响”；B项terminatev.“停止，结束”；C项speculatevi.“推测，思索”；D项restricted“限制的”；选A最适合。译文：这位考古学家对这一大片曾经是罗马文明繁衍的地区做了研究。33.参考答案：B[解析]correct“纠正，改正”，与划线词为一对近义词。A项straighten“弄直，伸直”；C项justify“证明是正确(正当的)”；identify“识别，辨别”。34.参考答案：B[解析]deliberately：故意地；collaboratively：合作，共同；destructively：破坏性地；individually：单独，独自35.参考答案：D[解析]该句意为：油棕树是雨林中特别有生命力的热带树种，雨林是地球上生物种类最多的一些地区。

thrive：兴旺，繁荣，蓬勃发展，茁壮成长；shrink：缩小，萎缩，缩水；survive：生存，幸存；descend：下降，降落，突然出现(on)，祖先是……；flourish：兴旺，繁荣。36.参考答案：A[解析]havetrouble+动名词(doing)sth．表示做某事有困难。B，C，D选项均不符合题意。37.参考答案：BB项reachout“伸出手”。A项shoutout“大声喊叫”；C项aim不与out搭配；D项pullout“拔出”。根据题意，应选B项。38.参考答案：Asthemostwidely-usedlanguage,Englishisusedtohaveacademicpaperspublishedabroad.HowtobeanexcellentwriterinEnglishhasbecomeoneofthemajorconcernsofeachgraduatestudent.Herearesometipstomyfellowstudents.

Firstofall,agoodcommandofEnglishgrammarisessential.AsChineseisconsiderablydifferentfromEnglishinmanyaspects,studentsarepronetogrammaticalerrorsinwriting.Toomanyerrorsarelikelytomakeasentenceorparagraphincomprehensible,ultimatelyleavingthearticleunacceptable.

Secondly,readingalargeamountofliteratureisconducive.Youcanhardlybecomefamiliarwiththetermsorjargonsusedinyoursphereofresearchuntilyouhavereadextensively.Sometimesyouhavetopayattentiontohowaparticularauthorarrangesthesentencestoachieveabettereffect.

Finally,trytobeformalinwriting.AresearchpaperrequiresveryformalusageofEnglish,whichmeansusingmorenounsandprepositionsinsteadofverbsandconjunctions.It'snecessarytoavoidusingtoomanyshortsentences.

However,itiseasiersaidthandone.Improvingyourwritingisatime-consumingprocess.Noonecanwritebeautifullywithoutmakingpainstakingefforts.39.参考答案：C40.参考答案：C[解析]该句意为：在此研究项目中，对150高血压患者的临床资料进行了回顾性研究。randomly：随意地，随机地；intellectually：智力上，知识方面；retrospectively：回顾性地；respectfully：尊敬地，有礼貌地。41.参考答案：B[解析]equivalence：等效性，对应，等量；competence：胜任，能力；relevance：相关；prevalence：流行42.参考答案：Astagger：走路摇摇晃晃，staggering：令人惊讶的；sway：摇晃，动摇，犹豫；tremble：颤抖；amuse：使……感兴趣，amusing：有趣的43.参考答案：C[解析]该句意为：由于她能讲该国使用的语言，她独自一人在这个国家旅游，没遇到什么麻烦。

onherown：独自，凭借自己的努力；forpersonalbenefits：为个人利益。44.参考答案：D[解析]该句意为：护理学位不会产生很高的经济回报，至少在前5～10年里。

deliver：送货，发货，发表(讲话)，产生，生产；convey：运输，传送，表达；anticipate：预料；consume：消耗，消费；produce：生产，产生，出示，产品。45.参考答案：D