小升初英语小学六年级总复习句型课件

第三章句型第三节therebe句型

知识梳理一、therebe句型的概念

therebe句型也被称作“存在句”，表示某处有某物，或某时有某事。be动词受人称、时态等影响。

如：Thereisanappleonthetable.

Thereissomeapplejuiceinthebottle.

Therearemanypeopleinthestreet.

Therewassomemilkinthefridgeyesterday,butnowthereislittle.

Therewerefivetoybusesinthelivingroom.

TherewillbeafootballmatchthisSunday.

在小学阶段，therebe句型的重点是be动词的is和are两种形式。

【注】therebe句型中be动词用单数形式还是复数形式由最靠近be动词的名词来决定。如：Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Therearetwoorangesandanappleonthetable.二、therebe句型的结构

1.肯定形式（1）Thereis+a/an+可数名词单数形式+地点.如：Thereisamaponthewall.

Thereisanegginthebowl.（2）Thereissome+不可数名词+地点.如：Thereissomewaterinthebottle.（3）Thereare+可数名词复数形式+地点.如：Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.（4）Thereis/are+名词+地点+时间.如：ThereisakiteshowintheparkonSunday.

2.否定形式直接在be动词之后加not。如：Thereisnot(isn’t)amaponthewall.

Therearenot（aren’t）anystudentsontheplayground.

3.一般疑问句形式将be动词前置，陈述句就变成了一般疑问句，句号改为问号。回答用“yes”或“no”。如：—Isthereamaponthewall?

—Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.

—Arethereanystudentsontheplayground?

—Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.

4.特殊疑问句形式

therebe句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：

(1)What’s+地点？如：Thereisabirdinthetree.→What’sinthetree?

Therearefiveboatsonthelake.→What’sonthelake?

【注】“What’s+地点”的句型结构不受单复数的影响，且there在问句中不出现。

(2)Who’s+地点？

如：Thereisanoldwomanintheoldhouse.→Who’sintheoldhouse?

(3)Howmany+名词的复数形式+arethere+地点？

如：Thereare48studentsinmyclass.→Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?

Thereisonlyonerabbitonthegrass.→Howmanyrabbitsarethereonthegrass?

【注】如果名词是可数名词，无论其数量是1还是大于1，一律都用“Howmany+可数名词的复数形式+arethere…?”提问。

(4)Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+地点？

如：Thereare3bottlesofmilkinthefridge.→Howmuchmilkisthereinthefridge?

5.反义疑问句形式

therebe句型的反义疑问句的简略问句部分，也要用therebe的疑问句形式。

如：Thereisacuponthetable,isn’tthere?

Thereissomeorangeintheglass,isn’tthere?

Therearealotoflettersinthemailbox,aren’tthere?

6.therebe句型和have/has的区别

therebe表示“某处有什么”；have/has表示“某人/物有什么”。

如：Thereisacarontheroad.

Ihaveacar.

Myfatherhasacar.考点精析考点1考查therebe句型中be动词的使用【例1】单项填空。

（）1.Theresome_____juiceinmyglass.A.isB.areC.be

（）2.There_____aneggandfourapplesontheplate.A.areB.beC.is

（）3.There_____somecandiesinherbag.A.areB.isC.am

解析：本题考查therebe句型中系动词be的用法。第1小题中，虽然juice一词前有some修饰，但juice是不可数名词，谓语动词be应该是is。第2小题的主语“aneggandfourapples”，虽然是复数，但依据就近一致原则，be动词应使用is，使它和anegg保持一致。如果此小题的主语顺序改为“fourapplesandanegg”，那么be动词就是应使用are。第3小题中的candies是复数名词，因此be动词要用are。

答案：1.A2.C3.A举一反三用therebe的适当形式填空。1._______acatinthetree.2._______acatandakiteinthetree.3._________twobirdsflyinginthesky.4._________acleanriverhere20yearsago.5.____________amatchbetweenChinaandJapannextFriday.

ThereisThereisThereareTherewasTherewillbe考点2考查therebe句型的运用【例2】单项填空。(

)1.Howmanypeople

inyourfamily？A.doyouhave

B.arethereC.haveyou(

)2.—Arethere

bridgesovertheriver？—Yes，thereare

.A.some；someB.any；someC.any；any

解析：本题考查therebe句型的运用。第1小题，在英语中要表达家里有几个人，多用therebe句型；第2小题考查的是therebe句型中some与any的用法，any用于一般疑问句和否定句，some用于肯定句。答案：1.B

2.B举一反三1.单项填空。()(1)There

24applesinthebox.A.be

B.have

C.are()(2)Thereisn't

juiceinthefridge，butthereis

milk.A.some；someB.some；anyC.any；some2.选择正确的词（组）填空。CC(1)There

sevendaysinaweek.(2)There

adogandtwocatsunderthetree.(3)There

apictureshowinthemuseumtomorrow.(4)There

somebooksinmydesk.(5)There

somemilkinthebottle.areiswillbeareis考点3考查therebe句型的句型转换【例3】按要求改写下列句子。1.Thereissomemilkinthebox.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________2.Thereisaballandtwoshoesunderthechair.(就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________解析：本题考查therebe句型的句型转换。第1小题therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not即可，同时注意some要改为any;第2小题，对therebe之后的名词或名词词组提问时，无论名词是单数形式还是复数形式，都是用“What’s+地点？”提问。答案：1.Thereisn’tanymilkinthebox.2.What’sunderthechair?举一反三按要求改写下列句子。1.Thereissomewaterinthebottle.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________2.Ihaveaclockonthedesk.(用therebe句型改写句子)_______________________________________________3.Therearesevenapplesonthedesk.(就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________4.Thereisonlyonecarnearthehouse.(就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________Thereisn’tanywaterinthebottle.Thereisaclockonthedesk.What’sonthedesk?Howmanycarsaretherenearthehouse?过关检测一、用be动词的适当形式填空。1.There_____somebreadinthefridge.2.There_____somebottlesofwater.3.There_____somebreadinthefridgeyesterday.4._____thereanyapplesonthetree?5._____thereanymeatontheplate?6.There_____manyfishintherivermanyyearsago.7.There_____arulerandtwopensonthedesk.8.Therewill_____afootballmatchinmyschooltomorrow.9._____thereapartyatschoollastSaturday?10.There_____somegoodnewsforyou.isarewasAreIswereisbeWasis二、单项填空。()1.There_____abicycle,twobusesandthreejeepsbehindthebuilding.A.beB.isC.are()2.Thereare_____interestingcomicbooksintheschoollibrary.A.anB.someC.any()3.There_____abirdinthetreeyesterdayafternoon.A.isB.wasC.were()4.There_____anynewsintoday’snewspaper.A.isB.isn’tC.aren’t()5.I_____manygoodfriendsinBeijing.A.thereareB.haveC.hasBBBBB()6.—_____isinthebox?—Abook.A.WhatB.WhereC.Who()7.Thereis_____teaintheglass.A.aB.lotsofC.any()8.There_____somehomeworktoday.A.isB.isn’tC.are()9.Who_____acatathome?A.haveB.hasC.is()10.Acatandabird_____inthetree.A.thereareB.haveC.areABABC三、选择正确的词(组)填空。1._________abigsofainthelivingroom.2.Thetable_________fourlegs.3._________severalpagesinthebook.4.Thebook_________manypages.5.We_________anewclassmate.6._________somefishintheriver.7.HeandI_________amusicteacher.8._________someorangejuiceintheglass.9._________Therearealotofanimalsinthezoo.10.Abird_______twowings.ThereishasTherearehashaveTherearehaveThereisTherearehas四、按要求改写下列句子。1.Therearesomepandasinthemountain.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________2.Thereissomecoffeeinthecup.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)—_____________________________________________—_____________________________________________3.Thereisapenandabookinmybag.(就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________4.Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.(就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________5.Therearemanytallbuildingsinthecity.(改为反义疑问句)_______________________________________________Therearen’tanypandasinthemountain.Isthereanycoffeeinthecup?Yes,thereis.What’sinyourbag?Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?Therearemanytallbuildingsinthecity,aren’tthere?五、根据问句选答句。()1.Isthereadogunderthechair?()2.What’sinyourpencilcase?()3.Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?()4.Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?()5.Arethereanypeopleinthelivingroom?BCEAD六、将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答。1.Therearemanyerasersinmyschoolbag.______________________________________________________________________________________________2.Therearetwobirdsinthetree.____________________________________________________________________________________________3.Therearesometeachersintheteachers’soffice.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.Thereisaparkbehindourschool.____________________________________________________________________________________________—Aretheremanyerasersinyourschoolbag?—Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.—Aretheretwobirdsinthetree?—Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.—Arethereanyteachersintheteachers’office?—Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.—Isthereaparkbehindyourschool?—Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.名词单复数名词可以分为：可数名词和不可数名词1)不可数名词没有单复数，一律看做单数2)可数名词的单数前什么时候用a,什么时候用an?以元音音标（或音素）开头的用an以辅音音标（或音素）开头的用a注意：我们看的是音标（或音素），而不是元音字母。练一练：用a/an或不填_____pen _____bag_____apple _____bigapple______banana ____orange_____oranges _____orangepen_____hour ______umbrella_____usefulbook可数名词的变化规则：①一般词尾加s，如:book，bags,flowers②以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加esclass-classes,box-boxes③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es,baby-babies,story-stories以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接在词尾加s,boys/days/keys④以f、fe结尾的名词变f、fe为ves,wolf-wolves,wife-wives,knife-knives⑤以o结尾的单词，除了tomato/potato/mango/herO外，其他的加s英雄爱吃土豆西红柿炖芒果zoo-zoos,photo-photos,kangaroo-kangaroos4)名词复数的不规则变化manwomantoothfootmousechildmenwomenteethfeetmicechildren5)单复数同形的名词：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,注意：①fish当一条鱼讲时，单复数同形，如threefish②当各种各样的鱼讲时，即强调鱼的种类时，要加es,如allkindsoffishes各种各样的鱼③当鱼肉讲时不可数不可数名词如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量怎么办呢？量词+of+不可数名词一杯水

aglassofwater一张纸apieceofpaper一杯果汁abottleofjuice练一练：说出下列单词的复数形式childmangowatchhobbypeachthiefknifedresscountryholidaytoothchildrenmangoeswatcheshobbiespeachesthievesknivesdressescountriesholidaysteeth练一练：说出下列单词的复数形式giraffedaybrushsheepherophotoleaffootzoobabyChinesegiraffesdaysbrushessheepheroesphotosleavesfeetzoosbabiesChinese练一练The_____inouryardareverybeautiful.cloth B.waterC.flowers2.Therearethree___andseven___inthepicture.A.monkeys;sheepB.monkeys;sheepC.monkies;sheep3.Wouldyougiveme____,please?twopapersB.twopieceofpaperC.twopiecesofpaper4.Bensawforty____inacave(山洞）.thiefsB.thievesC.thief5.Wouldyoulikesome_____?tea B.teas C.cupoftea6.My____arewhite.sockB.sockesC.socks7.Amyhas____and____onMondays.fish;riceB.fishes;riceC.afish;rice8.Wehave____and____atnoon.tomatoes;potatoesB.tomatoes;potatosC.tomatos;potatos名词所有格一、-’s形式的所有格大多数表示有生命的单数名词，在其后加-sMike’sbrothermyfather’scar2.以-s结尾的表示有生命的复数名词，只在s后加’我们老师的书ourteachers’books我父母的车myparents’car3.表示时间，距离，路程，国家等无生命的事物的所有关系，也可以加-’’s，或’表示所有关系今天的报纸today’snewspaper北京的公园Beijing’sPark五个小时的路程fivehours’walk4.有and连接的两个或两个以上的名词表示共同拥有某物时，名词所有格只在最后一个名词后加-s这是凯特和吉姆的课桌。ThisisKateandJim’sdesk.5.由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词表示分别拥有各自的物品时，则在每个名词后面加-s那些是汤姆和吉姆的课桌。ThoseareTom’sandKate’sdesks.练一练1.____fatherscan’tgototheclassmeetingbecausetheyareilltoday.JackandMike’sB.Jack’sandMike’sC.JackandMikeD.Jack’sandMike2.Lookatthemanoverthere.Heis____uncle.Jim’sandTim’sB.Jim’sandTimC.JimandTimD.JimandTim’s二、of形式的所有格没有生命的事物的名词一般用of短语来表示所有关系。教室的窗户thewindowoftheclassroom上海的天气theweatherofShanghai中国的首都（capital）thecapitalofChina这房间的窗户很大。Thewindowsoftheroomareverybig.写一写汤姆的妈妈房子的门美国的地图孩子们的书包老师们的书钢笔的颜色我父母的卧室我的朋友的朋友苏阳和苏海的爸爸海伦的姐姐和南希的姐姐Tom’smotherthedoorofthehousethemapofAmericachildren’sschoolbagteachers’booksthecolourofthepenmyparents’bedroommyfriend’sfriendSuhaiandSuyang’sfatherHelen’sandNancy’ssisterstherebe句型肯定句:Therebe+主语（某人/某物）+介词短语表示（在）某地有某人/某物这里be的单复数形式要采取“就近一致”原则there后面第一个主语，若是单数时，be就用is/was,若是复数时be就用are/were我们家有三口人。Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily.书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.★Therebe的几种时态:一般现在时:Thereis/are…桌子上有一些苹果。Therearesomeapplesonthetable.一般过去式：Therewas/were…昨天操场上有一场篮球比赛。Therewasabasketballmatchyesterday.★Therebe的几种时态:一般将来时Thereisgoingtobe…Therearegoingtobe…Therewillbe…这周末将有一个新的电影展。Thereisgoingtobeanewfilmshowthisweekend.Therewillbeanewfilmshowthisweekend.明天将会有两场足球比赛。Therearegoingtobetwofootballmatchestomorrow.Therewillbetwofootballmatchestomorrow.二、否定式：Therebe+not+主语+介词短语房间里没有一个男孩。Thereisn’taboyintheroom.书桌上没有一个男孩。Therearen’tanybooksonthedesk.注意：Therebe句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not★注意：nota/an/any+n.=no+n墙上有一些图片。Therearesomepicturesonthewall.否定句：Therearen’tanypicturesonthewall.同义句？Therearenopicturesonthewall.树后有一个自行车。Thereisabikebehindthetree.否定句：Thereisn’tabikebehindthetree.同义句？Thereisnobikebehindthetree.三、疑问式：Bethere+主语+介词短语？肯定回答是：Yestherebe.否定回答是：No,there+be与not的缩写形式。如：在你的卧室里有台灯吗？Istherealampinyourbedroom?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.

客厅里有一些钟吗？Arethereanyclocksinthelivingroom?Yes,thereare.No，therearen’t.四、特殊疑问句：Therebe句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种变化：对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Who+be+介词短语？例：Therewasalittlegirlintheroom.

Whowasintheroom?

Thereisateacherintheoffice.Whoisintheoffice?2.当主语是物时，用What+be+介词短语？注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问用What+be+介词短语?例：Therearemanythingsoverthere.What’soverthere?Thereisanegginthebowl.What’sinthebowl?3.对地点状语提问：提问地点用Where+be+主语？Thereisacomputeronthedesk.Whereisthecomputer.Therewerefourchildrenontheplayground.Wherewerethefourchildren?3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：1）对可数名词前面的数量提问用句型：Howmany+复数名词+a