中国海外留学生跨文化适应研究

精品文档-下载后可编辑中国海外留学生跨文化适应研究【摘要】出国留学，作为一种最常见的的国际教育与文化交流形式，会导致不同文化之间的冲突。本文主要分析了文化冲击的原因并提出一些关于如何减少文化冲击和实现跨文化适应的建议。

【关键词】出国留学文化冲击跨文化适应

ABSTRACT：Studyingabroad，asthemostcommonformoftheexchangeofinternationaleducationandculturecanleadtotheconflictsbetweendifferentcultures.Thisarticlemainlyanalyzesthereasonsofculturalshockandgivessomesuggestiononhowtoreducethecultureshockandrealizeculturaladaptation.

KEYWORDS：StudyingabroadCulturalshockCulturalAdaptation

CHAPTER1

NowadaysanincreasingnumberofChinesestudentsstudyabroad.Thisprocessisaprocessofculturalcontact，whichiscalledculturaladaptationintheacademicfield.Itbringsaboutnotonlynovelty，butalsochallenge.Thereasonisthatlivingindifferentculturesmeansthechangeofwayoflife，thinkingpattern，etc.what’worse，noteveryonecanovercomethiskindofchangeandsuccessfullyadapttotheforeignlife.Allofthesearecalled“cultureshock”.Thusthispapermainlyanalyzesthemajorreasonsofculturalshockandgivessomesuggestionandcountermeasuresonhowtoreduceculturalshockandrealizeculturaladaptation.

CHAPTER2

ReasonscausingCulturalshock

2.1Culturaldifferences

Culturaldifferencesarethemaincausesofcultureshock.

2.1.1Thedifferenceinvalues

ItisdifficultforInternationalstudentstounderstandtheculturalvaluesofforeigners.Thiskindofvaluesofinevitablyresultsincross-culturalcommunicationbarriers.Taketheinteractionwithothersforexample，Chineseprefercollectivism，notonlypromotingpowerandauthority，butalsorespectingthecommitmentandtradition；whilewesternerspreferindividualisminthattheydaretochallengethepowerandauthority，payattentiontoequality.

2.1.2Thedifferenceinthinkingpatterns

ThetraditionalthinkingpatternofChineseiscollectivism.SothethinkingmodeofChinesetraditionalculturehasthecharacteristicsofstrongconcretenessandoperability.However，westerncultureadoptstheoppositewayofthinking.Itisakindofjumpthinkingpatterncharacterizedbyanalysisandlogicreasoning.Thusthewesternculturehasstrongsenseofabstractness.Thismayleadtothecorrespondingbarriersincross-culturalcommunication.

2.1.3Thedifferenceinnationalculture

Culturesetignoresculturaldifferencesbetweenindividualsandisdifficulttochangeonceformed.Ifinfluencedbyculturalset，Chineseinternationalstudentswillstayintheconflictsbetweennativecultureandforeignculture.Meanwhiletheyeasilyhaveastrongsenseofnationalconsciousness.Eventhoughthisconsciousnesscanwillhindereexplorationofnewhorizonsandtheacceptanceofnewculture.

2.2Thelackofknowledgeofcross-culturalcommunication

Thelackofknowledgereservesaboutotherculturesisinsufficient，adequateestimationofthedifficultiesofstudyingabroadandpsychologicalpreparationisanothercauseofcultureshock.

2.3Theindividualdifferences

Theindividualdifferenceshaveadirectimpactonthedegreeofcultureshock.Thedifferencesinpersonalfeaturesofeachinternationalstudentsuchasageage，gender，personality，aredirectlyrelatedtothedegreeofcultureshock.

CHAPTER3

SomeMeasuresFacilitatingCulturalAdaptation

Oneisthetrainingofcross-culturalknowledge.Facingtheculturaldifferences，Chineseinternationalstudentsshouldreceivesometrainingaboutcross-culturalknowledgeexceptthetrainingoflanguagebeforegoingabroad.Thiskindofcross-culturalknowledgecoversmanyaspects，suchasthesocialsystemandcultureofthecountry；meanwhile，asystematicstudyofChinesecultureisessential.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveacomparisonofthedominantvaluesoftwoculturesinordertofindoutthesimilaritiesanddifference，andpredictevenavoidthepossiblecontradictionsandconflicts.

Theotheristomakemorefriends.Internationalstudentsshouldfreethemselvesfromself-segregation，widelymakefriendswiththestudentswithdifferentnationalities，especiallywiththelocals，andunderstandandrespectthedifferentcultures.

CHAPTER4

Conclusion

Thebarriersofcross-culturalcommunicationarecomplexanddiverse.SoChineseinternationalstudentsshouldholdtheprincipleof"seekingcommongroundwhileputtingasidedifferences"，andtakeanactiveattitudetowardsthisadaptation.Personally，withtheincreaseofChineseinternationalstu