2019外研社版高中英语必修一Unit 6 At one with nature 知识清单(教师版)

阅读单词认读sheetn.(冰或水等的)一大片frostn.霜vapourn.蒸气priorityn.优先处理的事,当务之急reefn.礁organismn.生物,有机体basinn.盆地,低洼地grandadj.宏伟的,壮丽的waterfalln.瀑布tunneln.隧道cameln.骆驼greenfingers高超的种植技能sunflowern.向日葵rooftopn.屋顶herbn.(用于调味)香草重点单词识记wrapv.包,裹dynastyn.朝代regionn.地区,区域thereforeadv.因此,由此steepadj.陡的,陡峭的soiln.土壤shallowadj.浅的cropn.庄稼,作物replacev.以……替换,更换materialn.材料mineraln.矿物,矿产barriern.障碍,壁垒structuren.结构,构造,组织livingadj.活的,活着的valleyn.谷,山谷narrowadj.狭窄的,不宽的platformn.高台,平台thunderv.打雷channeln.海峡desertn.沙漠,荒漠climaten.气候insideadv.在(建筑物、房间)内publishv.出版expertadj.内行的,专家的n.专家branchn.树枝rentv.租用,租借flavourn.味,味道systemn.系统核心词汇拓展completionn.完成,结束→completev.完成preventv.阻挡,防止→preventionn.预防,防止harmonyn.融洽相处,和谐→harmoniousadj.和谐的,和睦的designv.&n.设计→designern.设计师harmv.&n.伤害,损害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的agriculturen.农业→agriculturaladj.农业的consumern.消费者→consumevt.吃;喝;饮;消耗→consumptionn.消费;消耗beautyn.美→beautifuladj.美丽的→beautifyvt.使美化sailv.(乘船)航行→sailorn.水手,海员limitedadj.有限的→limitn.限度,界限v.限制→limitlessadj.无限的;无尽的benefitn.好处,益处v.有益于→beneficialadj.有好处的,有益处的pleasantadj.令人愉快的→pleasev.使高兴→pleasedadj.高兴的,满意的→pleasuren.愉快;令人高兴的事energyn.力量,活力→energeticadj.有力量的,有活力的核心短语速记behometo是……的所在地;是……的家园passdown流传;世代相传prevent...from...阻止……;制止……washaway冲走,冲掉inharmonywith与……和谐相处,与……协调一致gotothetroubletodosth费心(费力)做某事befamousfor因……而出名checkout观察;核实;结账离开passthrough穿过……;通过……millionsof成千上万的……;无数的……provide...for为……提供reflecton/upon仔细考虑;回想,回顾leadto引起,导致turn...into...把……变成……plentyof许多allow...todo允许……做……beindoubt不肯定,不确定free-timeactivity自由活动appealvi.对……有吸引力;将……上诉;呼吁appetiten.食欲;嗜好applicationn.申请appointvt.任命;约定appointmentn.约会appreciatevt.欣赏;感激appreciationn.欣赏;感激approachvt.&vi.接近;靠近n.方法appropriateadj.适当的;恰当的approvevt.批准;通过vi.赞成approximatelyadv.大约arbitraryadj.任意的;武断的Today,theLongjiRiceTerracesattractthousandsofvisitorswhocometoadmirethisgreatwondercreatedbypeopleandnatureworkingtogether.(doing的复合结构)今天,成千上万的游客慕名前来龙脊梯田欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass,somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.(while引导让步状语从句;“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)虽然许多英国人认为除草是周日最棒的活动,但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。Today,thereareover4,000peopleinLondonwaitingforsuchpiecesofland.(therebe句型;v.-ing作定语)现如今,伦敦有四千多人在等待租用这样的土地。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。prevent,benefit,wrap,harm,replace,harmonyNowadays,plasticpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious,whichnotonlydoes1.harmtoenvironment,soilandpeople’shealthbutalsocausesnegativechangestoclimate.Therefore,thetoppriorityistotakeaction2.topreventpeoplefrompollutingtheenvironment.Peopleshouldbeeducatedtolivein3.harmonywithnature.Morerecyclablematerialsshouldbefound4.toreplaceplastics.Consumersshouldbeencouragedtopurchasethegoodsthatareless5.wrappedandorganiccropsthatuselesschemicals.Allthesemeasureswillbeof6.benefittoourenvironment.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇designn.设计;图案;构思vt.设计;计划;构思bedesignedforsth/sb为……而设计bedesignedtodosth为做……而设计bydesign＝onpurpose故意地Theplatformisdesignedforseniorhighschoolstudentstoimprove(improve)theirawarenessoftraditionalChineseculture.Whatannoyedtheteachermostwasthatthisstudentfrequentlyliedtohimbydesign.特殊图案的剪纸被张贴来庆祝春节。(话题写作之传统文化)PapercuttingsofspecialdesignsareputuptocelebratetheSpringFestival.harmv.&n.损害,伤害;危害(harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的)dosb/sthharm＝doharmtosb/sth对……有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth.＝Itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事并无害处。beharmfulto...对……有害众所周知,吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodisharmfultoourhealth.(harmful)Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfooddoesharmtoourhealth.(harmn.)与朋友吃饭时注意餐桌礼仪没有坏处。(话题写作之礼仪文化)Thereisnoharminpayingattentiontotablemannerswhileeatingwithfriends.(therebe句型)limitedadj.有限的(limitn.界限;限度vt.限制;限定limitlessadj.无限的)setalimitto/on限制……beyondthelimit超过限度withinthelimitsof限定在……范围内Thereisa/nolimitto...……是有限的/无限的。limit...to...把……限定在……范围内Aman’slifeislimited(limit),butthereisnolimittoservingthepeople.Butservicesandfunctionstheyofferarelimitless(limit)tohelpplantsgrownoticeably.我建议,我们要远离网上的负面信息,并限制我们上网的时间。(2021·全国乙,书面表达)IrecommendthatweshouldkeepourselvesawayfromthenegativeinformationontheInternetandlimitthetimewespendonline.要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度,将不被录用。(应用文写作之征文通知)Youarerequiredtolimityouressayto800words.Ifyouressayisbeyondthelimit,itwillnotbeaccepted.benefitn.好处;利益;成效v.有益于;有助于;使受益(beneficialadj.有利的;受益的)forthebenefitofsb＝forone’sbenefit为了某人的利益benefitsb/sth使某人或某物受益benefitfrom/by...从……中受益/获益bebeneficialto...＝beofbenefitto...对……有益;对……有利Thenewtheatreisdesignedforthebenefitofthedisabled.我们将会从读英语名著中受益颇多,所以我们现在就开始吧。(应用文写作之倡议书)WewillbenefitalotfromreadingEnglishclassics,solet’sbeginrightnow.(benefitfrom)ReadingEnglishclassicswillbenefitusalot,solet’sbeginrightnow.(benefitsb)ReadingEnglishclassicswillbeverybeneficialtous,solet’sbeginrightnow.(beneficial)ReadingEnglishclassicswillbeofgreatbenefittous,solet’sbeginrightnow.(beofbenefit)pleasantadj.令人愉悦的(pleasevt.使高兴;使满意pleasedadj.满意的,高兴的pleasuren.高兴;快乐;满意)bepleasedtodosth高兴地做某事;愿意做某事bepleasedwith对……高兴;对……满意Helpingthepooriscoolbecauseitcangivethemhopeandbringmepleasure(please).(2020·天津)得知你们将要参观我校,我非常高兴。我深信你们会对我们专门为你们做的安排满意的。预祝你们在我校参观愉快。(2021·浙江1月,应用文写作)Iammorethanpleasedtoknowthatyouwillpayavisittoourschool.Istronglybelievethatyouwillbepleasedwiththearrangementswespeciallyhavemadeforyou.Wishyouapleasantvisitinourschool.“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass,somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.虽然许多英国人认为除草是周日最棒的活动,但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。“否定词＋比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no,not,never,nothing,nobody等。含否定词表最高级意义的其他表达有：can/could＋never/not...＋形容词/副词＋enoughcan/could＋never/not...＋too＋形容词/副词ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealizednobodywashappier(happy)thanIwas.Heiskindandhelpful,soyoucan’tpraisehimtoomuch.没有什么比参加五千米越野比赛更有意义的了,它对我们的身心都有益处。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ,应用文写作)Nothingismorerewardingthantakingpartinthefive-kilometercross-countryrunningrace,whichbenefitsusphysicallyandmentally.马克从未见过比这只狼更可怕的动物,因此他屏住呼吸,不敢挪动一步。Machadneverseenamorefrighteninganimalthanthiswolf,soheheldhisbreath,notdaringtomakeamovement.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrityofnaturalecosystems...”设计GPNP旨在反映有关“保护生态系统的真实性和完整性……”的指导原则。2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.后来,我们的下颌变成了覆盖咬合结构,这使得我们更容易发出这样的声音。(2022·浙江1月)...it’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascularfitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.在中年时改善人们的心血管健康状况可能会延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。(2021·北京)AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiverTimewillliveinharmonywiththeplanet.任何选择阿拉斯加平均河流时间的人将会与我们的星球和谐共处。(2021·北京)“Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits,”theDecemberwarninglettersays,“canwehavethehopetoreducetheirspeed,severityandharm.”“只有当我们讨论出我们的生物物理学限制的后果,”12月的警告信中说,“我们才能有希望降低它们的速度、严重程度和危害。”提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍channelA.n.频道B.n.海峡,水渠,航道C.n.途径,渠道D.v.把钱或精力导向(某一特定目的)；引导Complaintsmustbemadethroughtheproperchannels.CEverytimehegetshome,hewillchangechannelstowatchhisownfavouriteprogramme.AMostofhisenergywaschanneledintohiscareer,ignoringhisfamilymembers.DTheEnglishChannelisfamousallovertheworldandmostpeoplehaveheardofit.BnarrowA.adj.狭窄的B.adj.勉强的C.v.使……变窄Theyplannedtonarrowthegapbetweenimportsandexports.CSettingoffearly,wewentalonganarrowpath.AItwasanarrowvictory,byonlyfivevotes.B快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。BranchesoftheRapaRiverflowthroughthevalleybelow.支流Anexpresstrainthunderedthroughthestation.轰隆隆地快速移动Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Hespenttheeveningwrapping(wrap)upChristmaspresents,andeventuallyfinishedit.Whatmakeshimdepressedisthathisinjurywillpreventhimfromplayingintoday’sgame.Whatshockeduswasthathisactionledtoourteamnarrowlywinning(win)thematch.Afterall,notonlyisplasticmaterialharmful(harm)totheenvironment,butalsodoesharmtopeople’shealth.Theamazingproject,designed(design)tohelpthelocalsinneed,didn’tworkoutasplanned.Thegovernmenthasgiventoppriority(prior)tothecompletionoftheproject.Eventually,theteamfoundasolutiontothetoughproblem,makingthebosspleased(please).Thereisalimittotheusageofthespecialmaterialsinthelaboratory.IhopewhatIhavewrittenwillbeofbenefittosomeoneelsewhomayfeelthesameway.单句写作——应用文增分练(应用文写作之邀请外国朋友参加读书月活动)将有2000多名师生参加这次读书月活动。(therebe句型)Therewillbemorethan2,000studentsandteachersparticipatingintheReadingMonthactivity.这项旨在激发学生读书兴趣的活动在我们学生中很受欢迎。(design)Theactivitydesignedtoarousestudents’interestinreadingbooksispopularamongusstudents.通过读这些书你可以加强对中国的理解又可以提高汉语。(强调句型)ItisthroughreadingthesebooksthatyoucanenhanceyourunderstandingofChinaandimproveyourChinese.要了解中国深远的历史和丰富的文化,并克服文化壁垒,没有比这更好的方法了。(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)ThereisnobetterwaytolearnaboutChineseprofoundhistoryandrichcultureandovercomeculturalbarriers.我确定,这个读书月活动对像你这样的汉语爱好者很有益。(benefit)I’mdefinitelysurethattheReadingMonthactivitywillgreatlybenefitChineseloverslikeyou.微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]情感描写sheetn.(冰或水等的)一大片Hewasaswhiteasasheet.他面无血色。harmonyn.融洽相处,和谐动作描写preventv.阻挡,防止harmv.伤害,损害wrapv.包,裹wrapone’sarmsaround拥抱thunderv.打雷;轰隆地响;大声斥责环境描写shallowadj.浅的pleasantadj.令人愉快的grandadj.宏伟的,壮丽的waterfalln.瀑布tunneln.隧道desertn.沙漠,荒漠climaten.气候branchn.树枝[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。(改编自2021·新高考全国Ⅰ,读后续写)看到一片狼藉,盖茨先生很生气,以致无法克制住自己的愤怒。他转过身愤怒地大声说：“你最好解释一下发生了什么！”富兰克林躲在门后,面无血色。过了很长时间之后,富兰克林终于鼓起勇气走了出来。他解释说：“我是想给你创造一个惊喜,爸爸。”听了儿子的话,盖茨先生泪如泉涌,拥抱了他。然后他对儿子说：“我知道你不是故意的。我从来没有像现在这样高兴和自豪过。请原谅我,我的儿子。”Atthesightofthemess,MrGateswassoangrythathecouldn’tcontainhisanger.Heturnedaroundandthunderedinanger,“You’dbetterexplainwhat’sgoingon！”Hidinghimselfbehindthedoor,Franklinwentwhiteasasheet.Afterwhatseemedforages,Franklineventuallygatheredcouragetocomeout.Heexplained,“Iwastryingtocreateasurpriseforyou,Dad.”Hearinghiswords,withtearswellingup,MrGateswrappedhisarmsaroundhim.Thenhesaidtohisson,“Iknowyoudidn’tdoitbydesign.NeverhaveIbeenmorepleasedandproud.Pleaseforgiveme,myson.”词形变化填空(每小题2分,共20分)Hedidmanythingstopleasehisgirlfriend,andhethoughtitwouldbeapleasantthingifshewaspleasedwithhim.(please)Theexpertsaysthestrangefruitdoesnoharmtoourhealth.Inotherwords,itisharmless.(harm)Whenitcomestoconsumption,consumersinthedevelopedcountriesconsumethemostenergyintheworld.(consume)TheclubisbeneficialtothosewhowanttolearnChinese.Joinit,andyouwillbenefitalotfromit.(benefit)Thosenaughtychildrenontheplaygroundareveryenergeticandtheyseemtohavelimitlessenergy.(energy)Aperson’slifeislimitedbutknowledgeislimitless.(limit)Ifeveryonecanliveinharmonywithothers,oursocietywillbecomemoreharmonious.(harmony)HenryAdams,asailor,wascarriedouttoseabyastrongwindwhilesailing.(sail