计量作业 主成分聚类分析

文峪河河岸带林下

草本群落各指标主成分分析聚类分析表1文峪河河岸带林下草本群落各指标数据结论主成分分析聚类分析原始数据海拔/m土壤水分/%有机质质量分数/%PH值全N质量分数/%Shannon指数种间相遇几率McIntosh指数丰富度辛普森指数Pielou指数优势度15600.130.057.120.00120.5110.12830.93691.03960.9960.26260.2916100.180.036.30.00350.43620.10110.94590.99140.99710.24340.2816600.210.046.620.00241.00260.79580.53981.16070.78820.45630.2617100.220.036.590.00460.91130.6730.54010.860.78850.46830.2717600.250.036.80.00161.14641.21620.52831.69270.77750.43440.2818100.240.036.730.00371.08981.19510.52741.07370.77670.47330.2818600.230.056.510.00371.1671.45310.52591.08560.77530.50680.2519600.340.046.680.00440.9140.8660.52850.7340.77770.46970.2820600.20.046.740.00161.04731.1180.52731.11480.77650.45480.2821600.260.056.630.00161.2041.41630.52721.49790.77650.46940.26X1X2X3X4X5X6X7X8X9X10X11

采用系统聚类法中的Q型聚类：对样本进行聚类，它使具有相似特征的样本聚集在一起，使差异性大的样本分离开来。

本次聚类采用组间联接的聚类方法，“平方Euclidean距离”的度量标准。结论主成分分析聚类分析原始数据结论主成分分析聚类分析原始数据表2近似矩阵表

表2显示的是用平方Euclidean距离计算的近似矩阵表，其实质是一个不相似矩阵，其中的数值表示各个样本之间的相似系数，数值越大，表示两样本距离越大。ProximityMatrixCaseSquaredEuclideanDistance1:15602:16103:16604:17105:17606:18107:18608:19609:206010:21601:1560.000.6851.1981.0222.3751.8992.8491.2951.6752.8662:1610.685.0001.190.9152.7542.0962.7141.3231.8852.9673:16601.1981.190.000.115.516.189.480.216.123.5424:17101.022.915.115.0001.090.371.734.076.3051.0495:17602.3752.754.5161.090.000.393.5161.120.360.1126:18101.8992.096.189.371.393.000.124.267.012.2537:18602.8492.714.480.734.516.124.000.576.185.1908:19601.2951.323.216.0761.120.267.576.000.250.9809:20601.6751.885.123.305.360.012.185.250.000.27710:21602.8662.967.5421.049.112.253.190.980.277.000Thisisadissimilaritymatrix

结论主成分分析聚类分析原始数据表3聚类谱系图（组间联接）我们选择阈值为7.5，则样本被分为4类，其中6、9、7、5、10为一类，4、8、3为一类，1为一类，2为一类。由表3基本可得，海拔较高的地区草本群落各指标较为相似，而海拔较低的地区也较相似。表4相关系数矩阵结论主成分分析聚类分析原始数据

从表4可知，许多变量之间直接的相关性比较强，证明它们存在信息上的重叠。CorrelationMatrixa

土壤水分/%有机质质量分数/%PH值全N质量分数/%Shannon指数种间相遇几率McIntosh指数丰富度辛普森指数Pielou指数优势度Correlation土壤水分/%1.000-.101-.226.435.565.567-.684-.025-.691.664-.223有机质质量分数/%-.1011.000.308-.401.115.186.045.059.043.060-.375PH值-.226.3081.000-.560-.022-.069.080.164.086-.109.506全N质量分数/%.435-.401-.5601.000-.045-.043-.184-.695-.183.269-.185Shannon指数.565.115-.022-.0451.000.972-.934.475-.938.921-.570种间相遇几率.567.186-.069-.043.9721.000-.865.469-.873.868-.561McIntosh指数-.684.045.080-.184-.934-.8651.000-.2131.000-.981.499丰富度-.025.059.164-.695.475.469-.2131.000-.219.112-.163辛普森指数-.691.043.086-.183-.938-.8731.000-.2191.000-.980.497Pielou指数.664.060-.109.269