福建省福州市达州铁路中学2021年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析

福建省福州市达州铁路中学2021年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.．-I

asanactorfor5yesra，butlneverfeltcontent．

-Isthatwhyyouturnedwriter?

A．worked

B．wouldwork

C．havebeenworking

D．haveworked参考答案：A略2.DocomehereonMonday,______we,asplanned,willtakepartinthegatheringofAIDSpreventionvolunteers.A． butB．and C．therefore D．or参考答案：B3.Heisnoteasytogetalongwith,butthefriendshipofhis,____willlastforever.A.oncegained

B.tobegained

C.aftergained

D.whilegained参考答案：A4.David,yourphone______forseveralminutes.Whydon’tyouanswerit?A.hasbeenringing

B.hadrungC.rang

D.wasringing参考答案：A5.Itiscareless_______suchamistake.

A.ofyoutomake

B.ofyourmaking

C.foryoutomake

D.foryourmaking参考答案：A略6.MyEnglishteacherhas______richexperienceinteachingandweallthinksheis______experiencedteacher.A.不填;an

B.a;an

C.不填;the

D.a;the

参考答案：A7.---WherewasthefilmTheWarringStatemade?---ItwasintheveryMovie&TelevisionBase

Ivisitedlastweek

thefilmwasmade.A.where;that

B.what;that

C.that;that

D.which;where参考答案：C8.----Sorry,I_______atyoutheotherday.---Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn’tshout

B.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshout

D.mustn’thaveshouted参考答案：B9.---Ireallyappreciate______forholidayswithyouonthisniceisland.---It’smypleasure.A.havingtime B.tohavetime C.havetime D.tohavingtime参考答案：A略10.

WhatIcouldnotunderstandis_______somanystudentshavelosttheirinterestinEnglish.

A.that

B.what

C.why

D.how参考答案：C11.______you’vefailedthefirstmonthlytest,youshouldgetdowntoworkinghardforthemid-termexam.

A.Inthat

B.Asthough

C.Eventhough

D.Nowthat参考答案：D12.Thedaytheywerelookingforwardto__________,sotheywereveryexcited.A.

arriving

B.

arrives

C.arrive

D.arrived参考答案：D略13.Thenewsuspensionbridge________bytheendoflastmonth.

A.havebeendesigned

B.hadbeendesigned

C.hasdesigned

D.haddesigned参考答案：B14.－Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?－Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut______.A.willneverreplace

B.wouldneverreplace

C.willneverbereplaced

D.wouldneverbereplaced参考答案：C15.Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis

shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslike

shopsandrestaurants.A.that

B.how

C.what

D.why参考答案：A略16.Inmyopinion,workprovidesusmuch________justsalaryandincome;italsohelpsusrealizeourdreamsandmakesusfeelconfident.A.ratherthan B.otherthan C.betterthan D.morethan参考答案：D二、新的题型17.There’snothingworsethansittingnexttosomeonewhosebreathsmellsbad.InancientChina,peopleusedtoeataspecialplanttomaketheirbreathsmellbetter.____16____Howyourbreathsmellssaysalotaboutyourhealth.Scientistscannowtellwhetherornotsomebodyhasadiseasejustfromasimplebreathtest.___17___Breathismadeupofwastechemicals（化学物质）thatthebodymakes,ScientistsfromtheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyfoundthatthesechemicalsaredifferentforeachperson.Infact,they’rejustlikefingerprints(指纹)-that'swhyscientistssometimescallthem"breathprints”.Comparedtootherkindsoftests,abreathtestismuchquicker.____18____Breathtestsarealsoaloteasiertodothanregulartests,aspeopleonlyneedtoblowintoaspecialmachine.___19___Ithasbeenusefulinfindingearlysignsofproblemssuchasstomachcancer._____20_____Andhopefullysomeday,visitstothehospitalwillbeaquickerandeasierforeveryone.A.Howdoesitwork?B.NowweuseguminsteadC.ThismachinewillhelptotesttheirbreathDInsteadoftakinghours,itonlytakesafewminutesEIt'smuchcheapertodoabreathtestthanothertestsF.TherearemanywaystomakeyourbreathsmellbetterG.Now,scientistsaretryingtousebreathtestsasmuchastheycan参考答案：16.B

17.A

18.D

19.C

20.G本文是一篇说明文。科学家们现在可以通过简单的呼吸测试来判断某人是否患有疾病。现在，科学家们正试图尽可能多地使用呼吸测试。希望有一天，医院的探访对每个人来说都将变得更快更容易。【16题详解】上文提示“在中国古代，人们吃一种特殊的植物，使他们的呼吸气味更好。”承接上文，B项Nowweuseguminstead（现在我们用口香糖代替）切题。该项中的Now和上文中的ancient相吻合。故选B。【17题详解】上文提示“科学家们现在可以通过简单的呼吸测试来判断某人是否患有疾病。”再根据下文提示“瑞士联邦理工学院的科学家们发现，呼吸是由人体产生的化学废物组成的，这些化学物质因人而异。”承接上下文，A项Howdoesitwork?（它是如何工作的?）切题。该项中的it指的是breathsmells。故选A。【18题详解】上文提示“与其他测试相比，呼吸测试要快得多。”承接上文，D项Insteadoftakinghours,itonlytakesafewminutes（它只需要几分钟，而不是几个小时）切题。故选D。【19题详解】上文提示“呼吸测试也比常规测试容易得多，因为人们只需要对一台特殊的机器吹气。”再根据下文提示“它在发现胃癌等问题的早期症状时很有用。”承接上下文，C项Thismachinewillhelptotesttheirbreath（这台机器将有助于测试他们的呼吸）切题。故选C。【20题详解】下文提示“希望有一天，医院的探访对每个人来说都将变得更快更容易。”承接下文，G项Now,scientistsaretryingtousebreathtestsasmuchastheycan（现在，科学家们正试图尽可能多地使用呼吸测试）切题。故选G。三、阅读理解18.BarbaraMcCintockwasoneofthemostimportscientists

ofthetwentiethcentury．Shemadeimportantdiscoveriesaboutgenes（基因）andchromosomes（染色体）．BarbaraMcClintockwasbornin1902inHartford，Connecticut．HerfamilymovedtoBrooklynareaofnewYorkCityin1908．Barbarawasanactivechildwithinterestsinsportsandmusic．Shealsodevelopedaninterestinscience．ShestudiedscienceatCornellUniversityinIthaca，NewYork．Barbarawasamongasmallnumberofundergraduatestudentstoreceivetrainingingeneticsin1921．Yearslater，shenotedthatfewcollegestudentswantedtostudygenetics．BarbaraMcClintockdecidedtostudybotany，thescientificstudyofplants，atCornellUniversity．Shecompletedherundergraduatestudiesin1923．McClintockdecidedtocontinuehereducationatCornell．Shecompletedamaster‘sdegreein1925．Twoyearslater，shefinishedallherrequirementsforadoctoratedegree．McCintockstayedatCornellaftershecompletedhereducation．Shetaughtstudentsbotany．The1930swerenotagoodtimetobeayoungscientistintheUnitedStates．ThecountrywasinthemiddleofthegreateconomicDepression．MillionsofAmericanswereunemployed．Malescientistswereofferedjobs．Butfemalegeneticistswerenotmuchindemand．AnoldfriendfromCornell，MarcusRhoades，invitedMcClintocktospendthesummerof1941workingattheColdSpringHarborLaboratory．ItisaresearchcenteronLongIsland，nearNewYorkCity．McClintockstartedinatemporary（临时的）jobwiththegeneticsdepartment．Ashorttimelater，sheacceptedapermanent（永久的）positionwiththelaboratory．Thisgaveherthefreedomtocontinueherresearchwithouthavingtoteachorrepeatedlyaskforfinancialaid．Bythe1970s，herdiscoverieshadhadaneffectoneverythingfromgeneticengineeringtocancerresearch．McClintockwontheNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinein1983forherdiscoveryoftheabilityofgenestochangepositionsonchromosomes．ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantowinanunsharedNobelPrize．4.WhendidMcClintockreceiveadoctoratedegree？A.In1921．B.In1923．C.In1925．D.In1927．5.DuringthegreateconomicDepressionintheUS，

．A.youngscientistshadtroublefindingajobB.femalegeneticistswerenotwantedatallC.malegeneticistswereingreatdemandD.malescientistswereoutofjob6.McClintockwasawardedaNobelPrizebecauseof

．A.herresearchinbotanyB.hercontributiontogeneticengineeringC.herdiscoveriesaboutgenesandchromosomesD.herunsharedworkinthelaboratory7.ThetextislikelytoappearinA.abiographyB.ahistorypaperC.anewspaperD.aphilosophytextbook参考答案：4.D

5.A

6.C

7.A【分析】这是一篇人物传记类阅读。文章主要讲述了著名女科学家BarbaraMcCintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。【4题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第四段Shecompletedamaster‘sdegreein1925．Twoyearslater，shefinishedallherrequirementsforadoctoratedegree．可知BarbaraMcCintock在1925年获得了硕士学位。两年之后，她获得了博士学位。故可推知BarbaraMcCintock在1927年取得了博士学位，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第五段The1930swerenotagoodtimetobeayoungscientistintheUnitedStates．ThecountrywasinthemiddleofthegreateconomicDepression．MillionsofAmericanswereunemployed．Males