第五部分文化事务

Educational

UKPart5:CulturalAffairsSectionA:EducationEducationinBritainiscompulsoryforallchildren sof5andEducationisdividedintofourprimary(5-secondary(11-furthereducation(17-highereducation(18-Educationismainlytheresponsibilityoflocal The ernmenthaspracticallynoroletheoperationofemploymentofprovisionoftextbooksandotherteachingthecontrolofanexaminationformerlyusedtoselectschoolpupilsatabout of11foranappropriatesecondaryeducation(academic;non-academic)ThetermisstilllooselyusedtoapplytoasimilarselectionprocedureoperatedinBritainbysomeLocalEducation(LEAs).TheNationalTheEducationReformAct1988providesfortheestablishmentofaNationalCurriculumfor5to16year-olds.ItconsistsofthecoresubjectsofEnglish,mathematicsandscienceaswellashistory,geography,technology,music,art,physicaleducationand,forsecondarylevelstudents,amodernforeignlanguage(usuallyEuropean).Also,teststocheckchildren’sknowledge,understandingandwhattheyareabletodoatsof7,11,14and16areuptoanationalstandard.Thosewhodidwellwentontogrrschoolswhichfocusedonacademicstudies.Grrschoolsprovidedthemainroutetouniversity.ThesecondgroupwenttotechnicalschoolsthatfocusedonvocationalThethirdgroup,mostofwhowereworking-classchildren,wenttothesecondarymodernschools. ndSecondaryTwoparallelschoolThestate/maintainedthesecondarymodernthecomprehensivesecondarythe rThet/publicapreparatory(prep)apublicThemostfamouspublic hesterEtonHarrowRugbyBritishboastssomeoftheoldestandmostprestigiousuniversitiesintheworld,suchCambridgeOxfordUniversityHigherUniversitieslegallytandenjoycompleteacademic ernedbycouncilswhicharemadeupofteachers,businessmen,andsomepublicfigures.Vice样一则：1999年1月，著名科学家家卸下已经当了6年的复旦大学校长12月12日，著名的英国诺丁汉大学董事会宣布，科学家家先生为下一届校长（Chancellor），从起，3年。这则消息当时令海内外欢欣鼓舞，更令在诺丁汉大学求学的 《实用英汉词典》（，），一般都将Chancellor解释为“（某些大学的）校长，（英国某些大学）名誉校长”，而把Vice-Chancellor直接解释为“（大学）副校长”。《英汉辞海》还加上一条：级别仅低于大学校长的。是“副校长”，而且从语词上看副校长当然不是学校的。（《英汉辞海》还明确了一下。）二、英语国家大学中还有一个“校长”。可是，这种说法只能解释一些大学里的Vice-Chancellor，而不能解释英国大多数大学里的TheVice-Chancellor,ProfessorSirColinCampbell,isthepripalacademicandadministrativeofficeroftheUniversity.SixPro-Vice-Chancellors,eachofwhomhasspecificresponsibilitiesformajorareas,assisttheVice-Chancellor.均称做Pro-Vice-Chancellor。然而，也知道，一般来说pro也具有“副或”译成“副副校长或副校长或副校长助理”，这些译法显然都不符合汉语的习惯，SectionB:TheTheBritishnationalnewspaperscanbedividedintotwogroups:nationaldailiesandnationalSundays.Theyarealsopopularlydividedintothreegroupsonthebasisofdifferencesinstyleandcontent: t,andTheTimesSundays: egraph,ThetonSunday,TheObserver,TheSundayPopularDailies:DailyMirror,DailyStarandTheSundays:NewsoftheWorld,SundayMirror,andThe“Mid-Market”Dailies:DailyMails,DailyExpress,andSundays: onSundayandSundayNewsThe ipalnewsReutersthePressAssociation NewsWeeklyTheNewMonthlyReader’sBBCdominatestheTheBritishBroadcastingBritainhasareputationforbroadcastingsomeofthe evisionintheThereare4nationalITV(tChannelSectionC:SomeofthemajorsportsinBritainareasCricketAthleticsSnookerSectionD:The icandculturalheritageisoneoftherichestintheMuseumsandArtBalletandArtMuseumsandArtTheBritishMuseum英国TheNaturalHistoryMuseumTheNationalGalleryTheTateGallery(London,Liverpool)美术馆（圣伊夫斯TheNationalPortraitMadameTussaud’sWaxMuseum夫人蜡像TheBritishareinterestedinawiderangeofmusic,fromclassicaltodifferentformsofrockandpopmusic.Jazz,folk,worldandlightmusic,andbrassbandsallhavesubstantialBritainisoneoftheworld’smajorcentresforTheRoyalShakespeareThe