2022-2023学年新疆巴音郭楞州和硕高级中学高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年新疆巴音郭楞州和硕高级中学高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ATherearenorulesfornamingtowns.Somearereasonableenough，aftertheirfoundersoradefininggeographicalfeature.However，herearesomeplaceswhosenamesseemcompletelyrandom.Let'slookatfourofthestrangesttownnamesinAmerica.

Likely，California

Population：12

In1878，localswereaskedtofindanewnamefortheirpostoffice，afterthePostOfficeDepartmentrejecteditsoldname，SouthFork.Theysuggestedthreechoices，eachofwhichwasturneddownbecausetheyduplicated（重复）namesofotherpostofficeselsewhereinCalifornia.Whensomebodyremarkedthattheywouldlikelyneverfindaname，somebodyelsesupposedlyspokeupandsaid，"Itisnotlikelythattherewillbeanotherpostofficeinthestatecalled'Likely'."Theysubmittedthat，anditwasaccepted.

Why，Arizona

Population：151

ThistownprobablygotitsnamefromthesimplefactthatitwasneartheY-shapedjunction（交叉路口）oftwostatehighways.Accordingtooneofthecommunity'searlysettlers，though，itwasinspiredbypeopledrivingthroughwhoasked，"Whyareyoulivingwayouthere？"

Whynot，NorthCarolina

Population；228

Whynotwasfoundedinthe18thcenturybyEnglishandGermanimmigrants.Thestoryisthattherewasalongdiscussionaboutwhattocallthecommunity，andfinallysomebodyasked"WhynotnameitWhynotandthenwecangohome？"

HungryHorse，Montana

Population：575

HungryHorseandthenearbyHungryHorseDamwerenamedfortwohorseswhogotlostinthesnowinthewinterof1900andwerefoundweakandstarvingamonthlater.Theywerenursedbacktohealth.1.Inwhatorderarethefourtownslistedinthepassage？______A.Accordingtothearea. B.Accordingtothehistory.

C.Accordingtothepopulation. D.Accordingtotheachievement.2.Whywasthenameofthepostofficerefusedforthreetimes？______A.ThePostOfficeDepartmentdislikedthem.

B.Thelocalslikedanamerelatedtotheirownlife.

C.Theybelievedthattheywouldn'tcomeupwithaname.

D.TheysharedthesamenameswithotherpostofficesinCalifornia.3.Whichoftheoriginofthenamesisuncertain？______A.Likely，California B.Why，Arizona

C.Whynot，NorthCarolina D.HungryHorse，MontanaBNeverwillKateBakerforgetherfrighteningtravelingexperience.Sheandherhusband.Bob，wereheadingtoEuropewiththeir2-year-oldson，Neil."WhenwegotontheplaneinNewYork，allthreeofuswerehealthy，"shesaid."ButhalfwayovertheAtlanticOcean，Neilstartedtogetverywarm，andhisfacewasred."ThenNeilbeganfoamingatthemouth.

"Theflightattendantsweregoingupanddowntheaisle（过道），askinganyoneiftheywereadoctor，"Katerecalled，"Noonewouldcomeforward.Andthenthepilotstartedannouncing，'IsthereadoctoronboardandshouldIturnthisplanearound？'Andagain，noonecameforward."

"WhennoticingNeilcouldhardlybreathe，IthinkImusthavegoneintoshockbecauseIcouldn'tfeelanything，andIcouldn'tspeak，"Katesaid.

Thenthreewomengotoutoftheirseatsandapproachedwhereshewasstandingintheaisle.Theycameuptoherandputtheirarmsaroundher.TheystartedspeakingtoKateinalanguagethatshedidn'tunderstand.

"Thetoneoftheirvoicewasso，sosoothing，andtheystoodtherewithmewiththeirarmsaroundme."saidKate.

TheyeventuallylandedinAmsterdam.ButtheyquicklybookedanotherflighthometoNewJersey.Theywentrighttoadoctor，whodiscoveredthatNeilhadjusthadanearinfection.Hissymptoms（症状）hadprobablybeenduetoarapidincreaseinhisbodytemperature.

Thedoctortreatedhimfortheearinfection，andeverythingwasfine.Kateneverforgotthosewomenandhowsupportivetheywere.Shesaid，"Iwillneverforgetthemandwhattheydidforme.Wemaynotspeakthesamelanguage，butitdoesn'tmattertomebecausewecanconnectonaverydeephumanlevel."4.WhatmadeKate'stravellingexperiencefrightening？______A.Theimpatienttravelers. B.Therudeflightattendants.

C.ThesuddenillnessofNeil. D.Thepoorserviceonboard.5.WhydidthethreewomengetclosetoKate？______A.Towarnhertobesilent. B.Toofferhersomecomfort.

C.Toadvisehertochangeaseat. D.Totellherhowtotreatherson.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"soothing"probablymeaninParagraph5？______A.Comforting. B.Frightening. C.Threatening. D.Disappointing.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoconveyfromthepassage？______A.Shewasfedupwiththepassengersonboard.

B.ShewasgratefultothedoctorinNewJersey.

C.It'sessentialtoprovidemedicalserviceonboard.

D.Shefeltthewarmthconveyedbycompletestrangers.CInastudy，publishedinthejournalProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB：BiologicalSciences，ateamofFrenchresearchersattheUniversityofSorbonneParisNorthdemonstratedthatantshavethepotentialtoactasearlystagecancerdetectors.

"Weknewthatantscanbeeasilytrained，"BaptistePiqueret，wholedthestudy，said."Furthermore，theyhaveanefficientsenseofsmell.Wethencombinedthesetwoabilitiesandtestedwhetherantswereabletodetectthesmellofcancerornot."

Tumor（肿瘤）cellsproducespecificchemicalcompoundsthatallowthemtobedistinguishedfromhealthytissues.Theseareknownascancerbiomarkers.Animalscanbetrainedtosniffout（嗅出）thesechemicalsandthusidentifywhenapatienthascancer.

Inthepresentstudy，workerantsofthespeciesFormicafusca—commonlyknownasthesilkyant—weretrainedtorecognizecancerbiomarkersofanextremelyaggressivehumanbreastcancer.Theurine（尿液）ofmicecarryingthesetumorswascollectedandpresentedtothetrainedants，alongsideurinefromtumor—freemice.

Afterjustthreeroundsoftraining，wheretheantslearnedtoassociatethesmellofcancerbiomarkerswithasugarytreat，theyspentapproximately20percentmoretimeneartheurinefromthetumor—bearingmicethantheurinefromthosewhoweretumor—free.

Inthepast，dogsandmicehavealsobeenshowntosniffoutcancers.Butantswouldprovideaparticularlyattractivealternativeastheyarerelativelyeasytokeep，theydon'trequireexpensiverearing（饲养）facilities，anditappearsthattheycanbetrainedtorecognizespecificodorsinrelativelyfewtrials.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"twoabilities"inparagraph2referto？______

①Antsarecheaptobuy.

②Antscanbeeasilytrained.

③Antshaveagoodsenseofsmell.

④Antsareavailableallovertheworld.A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.①④9.HowdoTumorcellsdifferfromhealthycells？______A.Theyaredifferentinsize. B.Theyaredifferentincolor.

C.Theyaredifferentinsmell. D.Theyaredifferentinquantity.10.Howdidtheresearchersdrawtheirconclusion？______A.Bydoingexperiments. B.Byquotingothers'research.

C.Bycollectingpublisheddata. D.Bydoingonlinequestionnaires.11.Whyaredogsandmicementionedinthelastparagraph？______A.Toindicatethenewtrendofmedicalresearch.

B.Tolisttheachievementsmadebytheresearchers.

C.Toshowtheadvantagesofantsascancerdetectors.

D.Toexplainhowtotrainotheranimalstoservepeople.DWeallhavethingswedon'tneed.ForCanberraresidentZoeBowman，itismelonballers（蔬果挖球器）."Someoneaskedforamelonballertomakesomemelonballsforakid'sparty，andIlookedinthedrawerandIhadthree，"shesays."Idon'tneedthreemelonballers!"TherequestwasmadeonaFacebookpagethatshemanages，oneofthethousandsoflocalpagesthatmakeupthe"buynothing"movement.

Partzero—wastemovement，partcommunity—buildingproject，"buynothing"hastakenoffinAustralia'sinner—citysuburbsasawaytorehomeunwantedgoodsandavoidunnecessarypurchases—likeathirdmelonballer."Itgivespeoplesomethingtodobeforeimmediatelyconsuming，"saysBowman.Inaworldwherepeoplerarelyknowtheirneighbors，a"buynothing"pageisawaytogettoknowthepeoplelivingonyourstreet.Bowmanhasbecomefriendswithsomepeoplesheregularlycorrespondswithinthegroup.

Insuchagroup，bothbehaviourandmembershiparestrictlypoliced.Demandingorofferingmoneyinexchangeforgoodsorserviceswillgetyoubanned.Postingaboutlostpetsisdiscouraged，andpoliticsisoutlawed.

Onceagroupgetstoobig，usuallymorethan1，000or1，500members，itisdividedintosmallergroups.WhenBowmanjoinedhergroupinCanberra，itcoveredasixthofthecity.Nowitcoversjustthreesuburbs：Aranda，CookandMacquarie.Theaimisalwaystomakethegroupsashyper—localaspossible.

The"buynothing"communityexistsinacomfortableandtrustingbubble.Peoplerecognizeeachotherbynameandleavetheirbackgatesunlockedforpeopletocomeandcollectwhattheyneed.Withouttrust，a"buynothing"groupcan'tgosmoothly.12.WhydidBowmanrespondtotherequestforamelonballer？______A.Shewaseagertobecomefamous.

B.Shedesiredtomakefriendswithothers.

C.Shewantedtomakemoneybysellingthem.

D.Shehadextramelonballersthatshedidn'tneed.13.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3？______A.Theoriginof"buynothing"groups.

B.Themeaningof"buynothing"groups.

C.Theregulationsof"buynothing"groups.

D.Theachievementsof"buynothing"groups.14.Whatmattersmostintherunningof"buynothing"groups？______A.Trust. B.Profit. C.Commitment. D.Management.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage？______A.BuyNothing—AGoodWaytoSaveMoney

B.BuyNothing—ExplodesAroundTheGlobal

C.BuyNothing—SavingMoney&LivingBetter

D.BuyNothing—ContributestoWorldDevelopment二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Studyingabroadisfullofadventures—everythingisdifferentandexciting.Howcanyouadjusttothenewenvironmentsoon？Homestayisagreatwaytogettoknowtheculturefromafirst-handaspect.Herearesometipsonhowtoenjoyasuccessfulhomestay.

Bringathoughtfulgift.

（1）______.Instead，alittlesouvenirfromyourhomecountryisagreaticebreaker.Besides，itwillhelpyourhostsrememberwhatanawesometemporaryfamilymemberyouwere.

Respecttheschedule.

Eventhoughyoupaidforyourstay，you'restillpartofafamilythatisnotyours—respecttheirschedules.Ifthemealsareat7p.m.，makesureyouareontime.（2）______.

Attendthefamilymeals.

Mosthostprogramswillgiveyouthechoicetoincludemealsinyourhomestay.It'shighlyrecommendedthatyoujoinyourfamilyforatleastonemealeachday.（3）______.Youcanalsoenjoytheconversationsthatmealsinspire.

Befairandhonestwhenproblemsarise.

（4）______.Nobodycanavoidit.Incasethere'samajortroublethatbothersyou，trytotalktothefamilyfirst.Beawarethatitmighttakesometimetogetusedtoeachother—notjustforyoubutalsoforthehostfamily.

（5）______.

Whenitcomestimetoleave，youmightbefeelingsomereliefaboutgettingbacktoamorefamiliarhome.Doremembertomakeanefforttoexpressyourthankstothefamilyforlettingyouintotheirhomeandsharingtheirliveswithyou.

A.Showgreatreliefbeforeyouleave

B.Expressyourgratitudebeforeleaving

C.Youdon'thavetospendafortuneonit

D.Thiscanhelpyoutastehome—madelocalfood

E.Youshouldalwaysbehonesttoyourhostfamily

F.Wheneverpeoplelivetogether，there'sroomforconflict

G.Youmustletyourhostfamilyknowinadvanceifyoucan'tarriveontime16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）WhenNicoleGeorge—O'Brienwas16，shebeganhavingseizures（癫痫）.Herdoctorstriedsometreatment，buttheydidn't（1）______theproblem.Sowhenshewas21，shehadbrain（2）______.Thatstoppedtheseizures，andherlifewentbackto（3）______.Fiveyearslater，shewasdrivingovertheSanMateoBridgewhensuddenlyit（4）______likeathunderclap：anotherseizure.

"WhenIwokeupinthehospitaland（5）______whathadhappened，IwasreallyworriedthatIhadhurtsomeone，"George—O'Brien（6）______."AndthatwasthefirstthingIaskedthenursesandthedoctor："DidIhurtsomeone？"

Themedicalstafftoldherthata（7）______hadseenherhavingaseizureand（8）______.Hedirectedtrafficaroundhercarandmade（9）______noonewashurt.

"Ididn'thitanyone（10）______theydidn'thitme，whichisa（11）______，"shesaid.Nooneknewtheman's（12）______，andtothisday，George—O'Briendoesn'tknowanythingmoreabouthim.Shethinkshe（13）______droveoffaftertheambulancetookherto（14）______.

"Heclearly（15）______mylife，andprobablythelivesofseveralpeopleonthefreewaythatmorning，"shesaid.Hisactions（16）______George—O'Brien'sthinkingaboutwhatshewantedtodowithherlife.Shewentontobecomeatherapist（治疗专家），adecisionthatshe（17）______tothekindnesstheunknownmanshowedherthatday.

"Itcontributedtomy（18）______todoatypeofworkthatalsogavecareand（19）______，"shesaid."I'vehadagreatlife，andIfeelincredibly（20）______tohimforallowingthattohappen."21.

A.ignore B.solve C.doubt D.believe22.

A.examination B.project C.concept D.surgery23.

A.normal B.magical C.formal D.practical24.

A.hit B.dropped C.let D.bet25.

A.introduced B.informed C.realized D.forgot26.

A.refused B.assumed C.predicted D.recalled27.

A.lady B.man C.teacher D.doctor28.

A.pulledover B.droveaway C.burstout D.stoodout29.

A.simple B.tough C.sure D.possible30.

A.but B.and C.still D.so31.

A.question B.secret C.logic D.miracle32.

A.identity B.number C.hobby D.secret33.

A.constantly B.simply C.rarely D.hardly34.

A.restaurant B.school C.company D.hospital35.

A.wrote B.possessed C.changed D.ruined36.

A.attracted B.influenced C.concluded D.admitted37.

A.devotes B.introduces C.credits D.continues38.

A.desire B.achievement C.strength D.attitude39.

A.donation B.money C.kindness D.freedom40.

A.delighted B.fortunate C.satisfied D.grateful四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并填在答题卡的相应位置。

WuhanUniversityreopenedtothepublicforcherryblossomappreciationafterclosurelastyearduetoCOVID-19，its（1）______（office）WechataccountsaidonSunday.

FromMarch15to27，peoplecanmakeanonlinereservation（2）______（visit）thecampusbetween8：30a.m.and5：30p.m.onworkdaysandbetween8a.m.and6p.m.onweekends.Reservationsshould（3）______（make）threedaysaheadofthedayofthevisit.Thisyear，theuniversityislimiting（4）______numberofvisitorsto15，000onworkdaysand30，000onweekends.

Anyone（5）______（present）symptomsofillness，includingfever，cough，runnynoseorsorethroatwillnotbeallowedtoenterthecampusuntil（6）______（full）recovered.

Atthebeginningof2020，42，000doctorsandnursesfromotherregionsand540，000localmedicalworkers（7）______（fight）againstCOVID-19andmissedthechancetoseethefamouscherryblossomsonthecampus，ChinaNewsAgencyreported.

DouXiankang，theheadmasterofWuhanUniversity，saidtheywouldsetaspecialdayeveryyearfordoctorsandnurses（8）______wereengagedinCOVID-19preventionandcontrolinWuhantoappreciatetheblossoms.Saturdayisthespecially（9）______（select）dayin2023forthemedicalstaffandtheir（10）______（family）.Eachpersonisallowedtobringuptotwofamilymembers.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I'mfondofsweetfood，breadintheparticular.Whenitcometomyidealjob，Idohaveanurgetorunningabakery.Inordertomakefullpreparationforit，I'vemademymindtomajorinfoodscienceandengineering.Thebreadmakeinmybakerymustbefreefromharmfulchemicals.Whatweallknow，nothingismoreimportantthanhealthy.I'llalsooffersomebreadtostarvingpeopleonaregularlybasis.Nowit'shightimethatImuststudyhardtopursuemysweetdream.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信说，他在学习汉语，但在阅读方面有困难，请你给他回信，要点如下：

（1）阅读的好处；

（2）给出具体建议。

注意：

（1）词数100左右；

（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearPeter，

______

Yours，LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文中四个镇子及人口数量Likely，CaliforniaPopulation：12（Likely加州人口：12）Why，ArizonaPopulation：151（Why亚利桑那州，人口：151）Whynot，NorthCarolinaPopulation；228（Whynot北卡罗来纳州，人口：228）HungryHorse，MontanaPopulation：575（HungryHorse蒙大拿州，人口：575）可知，它们是按照人口排列的。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据

Likely，California中eachofwhichwasturneddownbecausetheyduplicatednamesofotherpostofficeselsewhereinCalifornia.（每个都被拒绝了，因为他们重复了加州其他地方的其他邮局的名字）可知，三个名字被拒绝是因为和加州的其他邮局同名。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据Why，Arizona

中This

town

probably

got

its

name

from

the

simple

fact

that

it

was

near

the

Y-shaped

junction（交叉路口）of

two

state

highways.According

to

one

of

the

community's

early

settlers，though，it

was

inspired

by

people

driving

through

who

asked，

"Why

are

you

living

way

out

here？"（这个小镇的名字可能来源于一个简单的事实，那就是它靠近两条国道的Y形交叉口。不过，据该社区的一位早期定居者说，它的灵感来自于开车经过的人，他们问："你为什么住在这里？"）可知，这个镇子的起源不确定。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国最奇怪的四个城镇的名字。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4~7.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的ButhalfwayovertheAtlanticOcean，Neilstartedtogetverywarm，andhisfacewasred.ThenNeilbeganfoamingatthemouth.（但是在飞越大西洋的中途，尼尔开始变得非常热，他的脸变红了。然后尼尔开始口吐白沫。）和第三段中的Neilcouldhardlybreathe（尼尔几乎不能呼吸）可知，在飞机上，凯特的儿子Neil突发疾病，使她的旅行经历令人害怕。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段Kate

never

forgot

those

women

and

how

supportive

they

were.She

said，

"I

will

never

forget

them

and

what

they

did

for

me.We

may

not

speak

the

same

language，but

it

doesn't

matter

to

me

because

we

can

connect

on

a

very

deep

human

level."（凯特从未忘记那些女人，以及她们对她的支持。她说："我永远不会忘记他们，以及他们为我所做的一切。我们可能说的不是同一种语言，但对我来说没关系，因为我们可以在非常深刻的人类层面上联系。"）可知，这三个女士在安慰凯特。故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。根据最后一段中Kateneverforgotthosewomenandhowsupportivetheywere（凯特从未忘记那些女人，以及她们对她的支持。）可知，三位女士说的话，虽然作者听不懂，但是给作者支持，话语很安慰人，soothing同义词是comforting。A．Comforting令人安慰的；B．Frightening令人害怕的；C．Threatening有威胁的；D．Disappointing令人失望的。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段话中Iwillneverforgetthemandwhattheydidforme.Wemaynotspeakthesamelanguage，butitdoesn'tmattertomebecausewecanconnectonaverydeephumanlevel（凯特从未忘记那些女人，以及她们对她的支持。她说："我永远不会忘记他们，以及他们为我所做的一切。我们可能说的不是同一种语言，但对我来说没关系，因为我们可以在非常深刻的人类层面上联系。）可知，作者感受到了完全陌生的人所传递的温暖。故选D。

本文是记叙文。文章讲述了凯特•贝克和她的丈夫带着两岁的儿子尼尔去欧洲的飞机上，儿子在航班飞行过程中，突发疾病，而且情况紧急，虽然最后化险为夷，但是飞机上三位陌生人的鼓励，让作者感动。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】B、C、A、C【解析】（1）词语猜测题。根据第二段"We

knew

that

ants

can

be

easily

trained，"

Baptiste

Piqueret，who

led

the

study，said."Furthermore，they

have

an

efficient

sense

of

smell.We

then

combined

these

two

abilities

and

tested

whether

ants

were

able

to

detect

the

smell

of

cancer

or

not"（"我们知道蚂蚁很容易被训练"领导这项研究的巴蒂斯特•皮克雷说。"此外，它们具有高效的嗅觉。我们将这两种能力结合起来，测试蚂蚁是否能够检测到癌症的气味"），可知two

abilities指ants

can

be

easily

trained和they

have

an

efficient

sense

of

smell。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Tumor

（肿瘤）

cells

produce

specific

chemical

compounds

that

allow

them

to

be

distinguished

from

healthy

tissues.These

are

known

as

cancer

biomarkers.Animals

can

be

trained

to

sniff

out

（嗅出）

these

chemicals

and

thus

identify

when

a

patient

has

cancer（肿瘤细胞产生特定的化合物，使它们与健康组织区分开来。这些被称为癌症生物标志物。经过训练，动物可以嗅出这些化学物质，从而确定病人是否患有癌症），可知肿瘤细胞与健康细胞不同在于它们的气味不同，因为特定的化学化合物有特殊的味道。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第五段After

just

three

rounds

of

training，where

the

ants

learned

to

associate

the

smell

of

cancer

biomarkers

with

a

sugary

treat，they

spent

approximately

20

percent

more

time

near

the

urine

from

the

tumor—bearing

mice

than

the

urine

from

those

who

were

tumor—free（经过三轮训练，蚂蚁学会了将癌症生物标志物的气味与含糖食物联系起来，它们在有肿瘤的老鼠的尿液附近花费的时间比没有肿瘤的老鼠的尿液多出大约20%），可知，研究者们是用实验得出的结论。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段In

the

past，dogs

and

mice

have

also

been

shown

to

sniff

out

cancers.But

ants

would

provide

a

particularly

attractive

alternative

as

they

are

relatively

easy

to

keep，they

don't

require

expensive

rearing

（饲养）

facilities，and

it

appears

that

they

can

be

trained

to

recognize

specific

odors

in

relatively

few

trials.（在过去，狗和老鼠也被证明可以嗅出癌症。但蚂蚁将提供一个特别有吸引力的选择，因为它们相对容易饲养，不需要昂贵的饲养设施，而且似乎可以在相对较少的试验中训练它们识别特定的气味），可知提及狗和老鼠就是为了证明，相比较而言蚂蚁更有优势。故选C。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一项研究成果蚂蚁可以被选来充当早期癌症探测器。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】D、C、A、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Someoneaskedforamelonballertomakesomemelonballsforakid'sparty，andIlookedinthedrawerandIhadthree（有人要为了给孩子们的聚会做一些蜜瓜球需要一个挖球器，我翻了翻抽屉，发现有三个），可知因为Bowman有多余的蔬果挖球器，所以她回应了。故选D。

（2）段落大意题。根据第三段In

such

a

group，both

behaviour

and

membership

are

strictly

policed.Demandingorofferingmoneyinexchangeforgoodsorserviceswillgetyoubanned.Postingaboutlostpetsisdiscouraged，andpoliticsisoutlawed（在这样一个群体中，行为和成员都受到严格监管。要求或提供金钱来换取商品或服务会让你被禁止。关于丢失宠物的帖子是不被鼓励的，政治活动是非法的），可知这一段主要列举了这个活动的各种规定。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第五段的Peoplerecognizeeachotherbynameandleavetheirbackgatesunlockedforpeopletocomeandcollectwhattheyneed（人们互相认出对方的名字，后门不锁上，让人们来取他们需要的东西）和Withouttrust，a'buynothing'groupcan'tgosmoothly（没有信任，一个"什么都不买"的团体就不能顺利进行），可知在"什么都不买"团体的运作中，信任最重要，故选A。

（4）标题判断题。通读全文，特别是第一段TherequestwasmadeonaFacebookpagethatshemanages，oneofthethousandsoflocalpagesthatmakeupthe"buynothing"movement（这一要求是在她管理的Facebook页面上提出的，该页面是组成"不买东西"运动的数千个本地页面之一）和最后一段The

"buy

nothing"

community

exists

in

a

comfortable

and

trusting

bubble.People

recognize

each

other

by

name

and

leave

their

back

gates

unlocked

for

people

to

come

and

collect

what

they

need.Without

trust，a

"buy

nothing"

group

can't

go

smoothly（"什么都不买"的社区存在于一个舒适而信任的泡沫中。人们通过名字认出彼此，并打开后门，让人们来收集他们需要的东西。没有信任，"什么都不买"的团体就不可能顺利进行），可知加入"什么都不买"不仅让人们省钱，还让人们彼此更信任。所以C．BuyNothing—SavingMoney&LivingBetter（什么都不买省钱，生活更美好）是最佳标题。故选C。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一个名为"什么都不买"的活动以及它的两个好处。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】C、G、D、F、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。本段小标题为Bringathoughtfulgift.（带一份贴心的礼物。）根据下文Instead，alittlesouvenirfromyourhomecountryisagreaticebreaker.（相反，来自您祖国的小纪念品是一个很好的破冰方式。）此处的Instead表下文与上文为转折关系，带一份贴心的礼物，来自您祖国的小小的纪念品就可以，所以，不必花大价钱去买礼物，C项"你不必花很多钱"，其中的it指代gift，上下文衔接连贯，故选C项。

（2）推理判断题。本段小标题为Respecttheschedule.（尊重时间表。）根据上文Eventhoughyoupaidforyourstay，you'restillpartofafamilythatisnotyours—respecttheirschedules.Ifthemealsareat7p.m.，makesureyouareontime.（即使您支付了住宿费用，您仍然是这个不属于您的家庭的一员尊重他们的时间表。如果用餐时间是晚上7点，请确保您准时。）可知，此处用吃晚饭的实例来说明"如何尊重寄宿家庭的时间表"，G项"如果您不能准时到达，您必须提前通知您的寄宿家庭"，G项承接上文，解释如果不能按时来吃晚饭，应怎么操作。上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。

（3）推理判断题。本段小标题为Attendthefamilymeals.（参加家庭聚餐。）根据上文Mosthostprogramswillgiveyouthechoicetoincludemealsinyourhomestay.It'shighlyrecommendedthatyoujoinyourfamilyforatleastonemealeachday.（大多数房东计划都会让您选择在寄宿家庭中包括膳食。强烈建议您每天至少与家人一起用餐。）下文Youcanalsoenjoytheconversationsthatmealsinspire.（你也可以享受美食带来的对话。）根据also可知，推荐和寄宿家庭一起吃饭带来的原因应该有两个理由，设空处为第一个，D项"这可以帮助你品尝当地自制的食物"，其中的home—madelocalfood呼应familymeals，上下文衔接连贯，D项承上启下，故选D项。

（4）推理判断题。本段小标题为Befairandhonestwhenproblemsarise.（当问题出现时，要公平和诚实。）此处讲述"一旦和寄宿家庭出现问题"的建议，根据下文Nobodycanavoidit.（没有人能避免它。）F项"只要人们住在一起，就有冲突的空间"，下文承接F项，下文的it指代F项中的conflict，语意一致，故选F项。

（5）段落标题题。此处考查小标题。根据下文Whenitcomestimetoleave，youmightbefeelingsomereliefaboutgettingbacktoamorefamiliarhome.Doremembertomakeanefforttoexpressyourthankstothefamilyforlettingyouintotheirhomeandsharingtheirliveswithyou.（当说到要离开的时候，你可能会因为回到一个更熟悉的家而感到些许宽慰。一定要记得努力表达你对他们的感谢，感谢他们让你进入他们的家，和你分享他们的生活。）可知，本段与"分别"有关，介绍了你即将离开寄宿家庭时的感受和做法，B项"在离开之前表达你的感激之情"，leaving为复现词，Expressyourgratitude呼应expressyourthankstothefamily，上下文衔接连贯，语意一致。故选B项。

本文为一篇说明文。介绍了出国留学住在寄宿家庭时，很快适应新环境，和寄宿家庭搞好关系的几个建议。

关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

21~40.【答案】B、D、A、A、C、D、B、A、C、B、D、A、B、D、C、B、C、A、C、D【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.ignore忽略；B.solve解决；C.doubt怀疑；D.believe相信。句意：她的医生尝试了一些治疗方法，但没有解决问题。根据上句"Herdoctorstriedsometreatment，buttheydidn't"可知，但是医生们没有解决她的癫痫问题。故选B。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.examination考试；B.project工程；C.concept概念；D.surgery手术。句意：21岁时，她做了脑部手术。根据上句"Herdoctorstriedsometreatment"可知，医生给她进行了脑部手术治疗。故选D。

（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.normal正常的；B.magical神奇的；C.formal正式的；D.practical实际的。句意：这止住了癫痫，她的生活恢复了正常。根据上句"Thatstoppedtheseizures"可知，她的癫痫被止住了，生活正常了。故选A。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.hit袭击；B.dropped掉下；C.let让；D.bet打赌。句意：五年后，当她开车经过圣马特奥大桥时，突然像晴天霹雳一样袭来：又一次癫痫发作。根据前文"Thatstoppedtheseizures，"可知，五年前她癫痫好了，但是突然又犯病了。故选A。

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.introduced介绍；B.informed通知；C.realized意识到；D.forgot忘记。句意："当我在医院醒来，意识到发生了什么事时，我真的很担心我伤害了什么人，"乔治-奥布莱恩回忆说。根据空前"WhenIwokeupinthehospital"可知，乔治醒来意识到发生了什么。故选C。

（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.refused拒绝；B.assumed假设；C.predicted假设；D.recalled回忆。句意："当我在医院醒来，意识到发生了什么事时，我真的很担心我伤害了什么人，"乔治-奥布莱恩回忆说。根据下句"AndthatwasthefirstthingIaskedthenursesandthedoctor：'DidIhurtsomeone？'"可知，这是她在回忆。故选D。

（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.lady女士；B.man男子；C.teacher老师；D.doctor医生。句意：医务人员告诉她，一名男子看到她癫痫发作，把车停在路边。根据后文"Nooneknewtheman's（12），"可知，一个男子救助了乔治，故选B。

（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pulledover停车；B.droveaway开走；C.burstout爆发；D.stoodout出色。句意：医务人员告诉她，一名男子看到她癫痫发作，把车停在路边。根据后文"Shethinkshe（13）droveoff"可知，那个男人开着车，看到癫痫发作的乔治停下来。故选A。

（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.simple简单的；B.tough艰难的；C.sure肯定的；D.possible可能的。句意：他在她的车周围指挥交通，并确保没有人受伤。根据上句"Hedirectedtrafficaroundhercar"可知，那个男人确保大家安全。故选C。

（10）考查连词词及语境理解。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.still仍然；D.so因此。句意："我没有撞到任何人，他们也没有撞到我，这真是个奇迹，"她说。前后是并列关系，故选B。

（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.question问题；B.secret秘密；C.logic逻辑；D.miracle奇迹。句意："我没有撞到任何人，他们也没有撞到我，这真是个奇迹，"她说。根据前文"DidIhurtsomeone？"可知，当时癫痫发作的乔治没有撞到别人这是一个奇迹。故选D。

（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.identity身份；B.number数字；C.hobby爱好；D.secret秘密。句意：没有人知道这个人的身份。根据下句"George—O'Briendoesn'tknowanythingmoreabouthim"可知，没人知道那个男子的身份。故选A。

（13）考查副词及语境理解。A.constantly不断地；B.simply只是；C.rarely罕见地；D.hardly几乎不。句意：她认为他只是在救护车把她送到医院后开车离开了。根据上句"George—O'Briendoesn'tknowanythingmoreabouthim"可知，那个男人没留下信息就只是开车走了，故选B。

（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.restaurant饭店；B.school学校；C.company公司；D.hospital医院。句意：她认为他只是在救护车把她送到医院后开车离开了。根据空前"theambulancetookher"可知，救护车把癫痫发作的乔治送到医院治疗。故选D。

（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.wrote写作；B.possessed拥有；C.changed改变；D.ruined摧毁。句意："他显然改变了我的生活，可能也改变了那天早上高速公路上几个人的生活，"她说。根据前文"Hedirectedtrafficaroundhercarandmade（9）noonewashurt."可知，那个男人改变了她的生活。故选C。

（16）考查动词及语境理解。A.attracted吸引；B.influenced影响；C.concluded推断；D.admitted承认。句意：他的行为影响了乔治-奥布莱恩对自己人生目标的思考。根据后文"Itcontributedtomy（18）todoatypeofworkthatalsogavecare"可知，那个陌生男人影响了乔治。故选B。

（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.devotes致力于；B.introduces介绍；C.credits归功于；D.continues继续。句意：她后来