山西省大同市平城区第一中学校2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

2022-2023学年度第一学期期末素养评估八年级英语（人教版）注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试时间90分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置上。3.答卷全部在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。听力部分（共20分）一、情景反应（每小题1分，共5分）本题共5个小题，每小题你将听到一组对话。请你从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中，选出与你所听到的信息相关联的一项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.A.B.C.2.A.B.C.3.A.B.C.4.A.B.C.5.A.B.C.二、对话理解（每小题1分，共5分）本题共5个小题，每小题你将听到一组对话和一个问题。请你从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。6.A.Three.B.Four.C.Six.7.A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.8.A.Therewillbemorepollution.B.Therewillbemorepeople.C.Therewillbemoretrees.9.A.Becausetheyarewonderful.B.Becausetheyareboring.C.Becausetheyareserious.10.A.Billisashard-workingasMike.B.Mikeismorehard-workingthanBill.C.Billismorehard-workingthanMike.三、语篇理解（每小题1分，共5分）本题你将听到一篇短文。请你根据短文内容和所提出的5个问题，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。11.WhenaretheBlacksmakingtheirNewyear’sresolutions?A.OnSundayevening.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSaturdayevening.12.WhatisMrsBlackgoingtodonextyear?A.Findajob.B.LearnChinese.C.VisitLondon.13.WheredoesKatewanttoworknextyear?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inaschool.C.Inahospital.14.WhatisTom’sNewYear’sresolution?A.Gettinggoodgrades.B.Workingasadoctor.C.Eatinghealthierfood.15.HowmanypeoplearethereintheBlackfamily?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.四、听力填空（每小题1分，共5分）本题你将听到一篇短文。请你根据所听内容完成下面表格，并将获取的信息填到答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。WhattodowhenyoufeelbadIfitissunnyoutside,gooutandstayinthe________forhalfanhour.Ifyouareathome,youcantellyourproblemstoyour________membersandaskthemforhelp.Ifyouareat________andyoudon’tknowwhattodowithanythingyour________mayhelpyou.Sometimesyourfriendsand________cangiveyouahand,too.笔试部分（共100分）五、补全对话（每小题1分，共5分）下面是手机聊天的界面，请根据聊天内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将其字母标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。选项中有两项为多余项。GroupIClass1(3)DoyouhearoftheLosAngelesLakers?Sorry,Idon’t.____1____Andit’shardformetoknowabouttheinformationoutside.Oh.____2____MaybeyouknowJeremyLin(林书豪),thefamousbasketballplayer.Heisintheteam.Really?____3____Yes.Ifyoujointheteam,youwillbeagreatbasketballplayer.I’msureIwill.____4____Peopleallovertheworldwillknowme.Ofcourse.____5____It’strue.IthinkifIpracticeithardeveryday,mydreamwillcometrue.A.Iliveinasmallmountainvillage.B.Butyoumustplaybasketballverywell.C.It’sgreat,isn’tit?D.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.E.IfIdo,Iwillbefamous,too.F.Heisnotfamousaroundtheworld.G.It’sabasketballteamoftheNBA.【答案】1.A2.G3.C4.E5.B【解析】【导语】本文是两人就篮球话题展开的对话。【1题详解】根据“Andit’shardformetoknowtheinformationoutside”可知住得很偏僻，选项A“我住在一个小山村”符合语境，故选A。【2题详解】根据"MaybeyouknowJeremyLin(林书豪),thefamousbasketballplayer.可知这里介绍洛杉矶湖人队，选项G“它是NBA的一支篮球队”符合语境，故选G。【3题详解】根据“Really?”以及答语“Yes”可知这是一个疑问句。选项C“太棒了，不是吗”符合语境，故选C。【4题详解】根据下句的幻想“Peopleallovertheworldwillknowme”可知前提是像林书豪一样加入NBA，选项E“如果我这样做，我也会出名”符合语境，故选E。【5题详解】根据下文陈述“It’strue.IthinkifIpracticeithardeveryday,mydreamwillcometrue”可推知这里鼓励对方打好篮球，选项B“但是你必须把篮球打得很好”符合语境，故选B。六、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分）请阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ItwasaSundayafternoon.Agirlwasunhappy.Shecomplainedtoherfatheraboutherhardlife.Thereweresomanyproblems!Oneproblemwasn’tsolvedbutanothercame.Shewantedtogiveup.Herfathersmiledandtookhisdaughterintothe____6____.Hefilledthreepotswithwater.Andheputsomecarrotsinthefirstone.Inthesecondone,heputsomeeggs.Coffeewasputinthethirdone.Thenheboiledthem.Thegirlwatchedherfather.Herfatherjustwaited____7____sayingaword.Thegirlwondered____8____herfatherwasdoingthatfor.About20minuteslater,herfather____9____thecarrotsandputthemintoabowl.Theeggswereputonaplateandthecoffeewaspouredintoacup.Turningbacktohisdaughter____10____,Dadasked,“Whatdoyousee?”“Carrots,eggsandcoffee,”sheanswered.Herfathertoldhertoclosehereyesandlethertouchthecarrots.Shedidandfeltthecarrotsweresoft(柔软的).Afterthatheaskedhisdaughtertofeeltheeggs.Theeggswere____11____.Atlast,herfatheraskedhertotastethecoffee.“What’sthemeaning,Dad?”Heexplainedthat____12____ofthethingshadmetwiththesameunluckyexperience—theboilingwater,butthethreethingshaddifferentresults.Thestrongandhardcarrotsbecamesoftandweakaftertheywereputintotheboilingwater.Theeggsbecamehardafterbeingcooked.Thecoffeewasveryspecialandit____13____thewater.“Whichonewillyouchoosetobe,acarrot,aneggorcoffee?That’suptoyoutodecide,”saidherfather.6.A.kitchen B.garden C.hotel7A.with B.without C.for8.A.what B.why C.how9.A.tookoff B.tookout C.tookup10.A.sadly B.angrily C.slowly11.A.simple B.hard C.creative12.A.none B.both C.each13.A.deleted B.polluted C.changed【答案】6.A7.B8.A9.B10.C11.B12.C13.C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了一个父亲在女儿生活遇到麻烦时，用开水煮胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡的烹饪方法，揭示了一个重要的人生道理：我们在经历了困难挣扎之后，应该成为能够改变自己命运的主人。【6题详解】句意：她的父亲微笑着把女儿带进厨房。kitchen厨房；garden花园；hotel旅馆。根据下文“Andheputsomecarrotsinthefirstone.Inthesecondone,heputsomeeggs.”可知是带女儿去了厨房，故选A。【7题详解】句意：她的父亲只是等待着没有说一句话。with和……一起；without没有；for为了。根据“justwaited”可知她的父亲只是等着，没有说一句话，without表示“没有”，故选B。【8题详解】句意：女孩想知道她父亲为什么这么做。what什么；why为什么；how怎样。此处是宾语从句，结合“herfatherwasdoingthatfor”可知此处应用what引导宾语从句，what…for固定搭配，询问某事的目的，故选A。【9题详解】句意：大约20分钟后，她的父亲拿出胡萝卜，把它们放进碗里。tookoff脱下；tookout拿出；tookup占据。根据“putthemintoabowl”可知应是把胡萝卜拿出来放到碗里，故选B。【10题详解】句意：爸爸慢慢地转过身来问女儿：“你看到了什么？”sadly伤心地；angrily愤怒地；slowly慢慢地。根据“Turningbacktohisdaughter”可知此处应是“慢慢地转向女儿”，故选C。【11题详解】句意：鸡蛋很硬。simple简单的；hard坚硬的；creative有创造力的。根据上文“Shedidandfeltthecarrotsweresoft(柔软的)”可知鸡蛋摸上去很硬，故选B。【12题详解】句意：他解释说，每样东西都遇到了同样不幸的经历——沸腾的水，但这三样东西有不同的结果。none没有一个；both两者都；each每一个。根据后面的“thethings”及联系上下文语境可知，此处是指每一样东西，eachof“每一个”，故选C。【13题详解】句意：咖啡很特别，它改变了水。deleted删除；polluted污染；changed改变。根据“Thecoffeewasveryspecial”可知咖啡是特殊的，因为咖啡融在了水里，改变了水的味道，故选C。七、阅读理解（这一部分共五篇短文，A至D篇每篇短文后有五个小题，E篇后有六个小题，每小题2分，共52分）A请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WelcometoRobotToyStore!We’vegotsomenewrobots.Theyaregoodatdifferentthings.Theycanbringfunandhappinesstoyou.Youwillsurelylovethem!Name:RobopandaPrice:$165.29Forchildrenof8andupItwilltellstoriesandplaygameswithyou.Itcanalsotalkwithyou.It’sahotholidaytoyonline!ComeandgetyourownRobopanda!Name:RobodogPrice:$85.25Forchildrenof8andupItisjustlikearealdog.Itcanjumpandbark(犬吠).Itcanevenbehappy,angryandsad!Itwillplaywithyou,butitwillneveraskyouforwaterorfood!Name:Mr.CoolPrice:$299.99Forchildrenof12andupThereisascreenonhisface,andyoucanplayvideogames.Itwillalsoteachyouhowtosay“Hello”in20differentlanguages.Name:Mr.StrongPrice:$119.99Forchildrenof6andupHecanmovehislegs,armsandhandseasily.Hewillsinganddancetomusicifyoupressthebutton(按钮)onhisback.14.Tomwantsatoyfromthestore,andhehasonly100dollars.Hecanbuy_________.A.Robodog B.Robopanda C.Mr.Strong15.Jimwantsarobottoytotalkwithhim.Then_________isagoodgiftforhim.A.Mr.Cool B.Robopanda C.Robodog16.Robodogcan_________.A.playvideogames B.askyouforfood C.showdifferentfeelings17.Whichrobottoyisforolderchildren?A.Robopanda. B.Mr.Cool. C.Mr.Strong.18.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.YoucanbuyRobodogonline.BMr.Strongcantellstories.C.Mr.Coolisthemostexpensivetoyamongthefour.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.B18.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了商店里的机器人玩具。14题详解】细节理解题。根据“Name:RobodogPrice:$85.25”可知，汤姆只有100美元，可以买Robodog。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据“Name:Robopanda...Itwilltellstoriesandplaygameswithyou.Itcanalsotalkwithyou.”可知，吉姆想要一个能和他说话的机器人玩具。那么Robopanda对他来说是一个很好的礼物。故选B。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“Name:Robodog...Itisjustlikearealdog.Itcanjumpandbark(犬吠).Itcanevenbehappy,angryandsad”可知，Robodog可以表现出不同的情感。故选C。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据“Name:Mr.Cool...Forchildrenof12andup”可知，Mr.Cool适合大一点的孩子。故选B。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据“Name:Mr.CoolPrice:$299.99”以及其他玩具价格可知，Mr.Cool是四个玩具中最贵的。故选C。B请阅读下面文章，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。You’regoingtoaforeigner’sparty.Youmustbeexcitedaboutit.Waitaminute!Doyouknowwhatkindofgiftyoucansendtoyourforeignfriends?Herearesometips.Insomewesterncountries,somegiftslikekites,chopsticks,oranerhumaybepeople’sfavorites.Usebeautifulpapertowrapthegifts.Remembernottousewhite,blackorbrownpaper.ForJapanese(日本人),giftsliketeaorpensarenice.Theydon’tlikebiggifts.FortheFrench(法国人),giftslikecandy,perfume(香水),wine(葡萄酒)orbooksareperfect.British(英国的)peopleandAmericanslikeflowers,wineandchocolate.Youcanrelaxandtakeiteasyattheirparties.InsomeAsian(亚洲的)countries,it’snotpolitetosendagifttosomeonewhenyoumeethimorherforthefirsttime.Isn’tthatinteresting?Youcangiveagiftwhenyoumeetasecondtime.19.Insomewesterncountries,_________maybepeople’sfavoritegifts.A.pens B.kites C.apples20.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrap”meaninChinese?A.捆 B.衬托 C.包21.Accordingtothepassage,teaisagoodgiftfor_________.A.Japanese B.theFrench C.Americans22.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Insomewesterncountries,anerhuisnotagoodgift.B.It’snotagoodideatosendflowerstoanAmericangirl.C.Peoplefromdifferentcountrieshavedifferentfavoritegifts.23.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Sometipsaboutthekindofgiftwecansendtoourforeignfriends.B.Someideasabouthowtomakefriendswithpeoplefromothercountries.C.Somekindsofpartiestocelebrateone’sbirthday.【答案】19.B20.C21.A22.C23.A【解析】【导语】本文就如何给外国朋友送礼物给出了一些建议。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据“Insomewesterncountries,somegiftslikekites,chopsticks,oranerhumaybepeople’sfavorites.”可知，在一些西方国家，风筝、筷子、二胡可能是人们最喜欢的礼物，故选B。【20题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Remembernottousewhite,blackorbrownpaper.”可知，礼物要用漂亮的纸来包装，故选C。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“ForJapanese,giftsliketeaorpensarenice.Theydon’tlikebiggifts.”可知，茶对日本人来说是一种很好的礼物。故选A。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据文中所举日本人、法国人、英国人等例子，可知不同国家的人喜爱不同的礼物；“Peoplefromdifferentcountrieshavedifferentfavoritegifts”陈述正确，故选C。【23题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Doyouknowwhatkindofgiftyoucansendtoyourforeignfriends?Herearesometips.”可知，本文就如何给外国朋友送礼物给出了一些建议。故选A。C请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。其中有一项为多余项。Dreamsarelikestars.Youmaynevercatchthem,butifyoufollowthem,theywillleadyoutosuccess.____24____.Yanisarisingstarinthescienceworld.____25____Afteryearsofhardwork,in1996,shewenttoTsinghuaUniversitytostudybiology.AftergraduatingfromTsinghuain2000,shewenttoPrincetonUniversityandfinishedherstudyabroad(出国留学)in2007.____26____Attheageof30,shebecametheyoungestprofessor(教授)atTsinghua.Now,Yan,42,hasbecomealeadingbiologyresearcheratPrinceton.OnApril30,shewasincludedamongthe100newmembersand25foreignacademicians(院士)intotheUSNationalAcademyofSciences(美国国家科学院).____27____Shesaidthatinordertorealizeherdream,sheexperiencedalotoffailuresandpains.Butshenevergaveupherdream.Instead,shefollowedherdreamandfought(奋斗)forit.Sheusuallyworksatleast14hoursaday.Sometimessheevenforgetstoeatandrestandworksuntillatenight.Shenevergetstiredbecauseshethinksdoingresearch(研究)isthemost“comfortable”jobforher.InaTVinterview,Yanencouragedyoungpeopletoworkhardfortheirdreams,“____28____”A.Allourdreamscancometrueifwehavethecouragetofollowthem.B.YanNingissuchadreamfollower.C.WhenYanNingwasonlyalittlegirl,shedreamedofbeingagreatscientist.D.ThenshereturnedtoTsinghuaandsetupherownlab.E.However,itwasalonganddifficultroadforhertomakesuchachievements(成就).F.Everyoneshouldhaveadream.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.E28.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了追梦人颜宁的励志故事。【24题详解】根据“Yanisarisingstarinthescienceworld”可知，举例颜宁就是这样一个跟着梦想走的人，B选项“颜宁就是这样一个追梦者”符合，故选B。【25题详解】根据“Yanisarisingstarinthescienceworld”及“Afteryearsofhardwork,in1996,shewenttoTsinghuaUniversitytostudybiology”可知，此处应是按照时间顺序，讲述她小时候的事情，C选项“当颜宁还是个小女孩的时候，她梦想成为一名伟大的科学家”符合，故选C。【26题详解】根据“AftergraduatingfromTsinghuain2000,shewenttoPrincetonUniversityandfinishedherstudyabroad(出国留学)in2007.”可知，此处应介绍清华毕业后的事情，D选项“然后她回到清华，建立了自己的实验室”符合，故选D。【27题详解】根据“Shesaidthatinordertorealizeherdream,sheexperiencedalotoffailuresandpains.”可知，在她成功的路上遇见了许多困难，E选项“然而，对她来说，取得这样的成就是一条漫长而艰难的道路”符合，故选E。【28题详解】根据“Yanencouragedyoungpeopletoworkhardfortheirdreams”可知，此处应是鼓励的一句话，A选项“如果我们有勇气去追随，我们所有的梦想都可以实现”符合，故选A。D请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，在下面的表格中填入与文章意思最符合的单词，每空一词。AprimaryschoolinTaiyuan,ShanxiProvince,saiditnolongeraskedparentstosignthechildren’shomework.Whendoinghomework,studentsusetheknowledge(知识)theylearn.Itisthedutyofstudentstodotheirhomework,study,findandcorrecttheirmistakes.Parents’checkingwillonlyletthemwaitfortheirparents’helpiftheyfaceanyproblems.Childrenhavetodotheirownlearningbecausedoingbythemselvesisreallyhelpfultothem.Puttinganendtocheckinghomeworkletsdowntheburden(负担)onmanyparents,ortheyhavetodoprimaryschoolhomeworkafteraday’shardwork.Thereisnodoubtthatparents’checkingcanmakechildren’shomeworkbetter.Butitdoesnotgivechildrenchancestopracticetheirabilitytosolveproblemsbythemselves.Butnowthereareworries.Ifthisdecisionison,manypeoplethinkthestudents’gradeswilldrop.However,themostefficient(有效的)wayforchildrentostudyistohelpthemform(养成)theirhabitstolearnanddotheirownstudies.Andtheschool’sdecisionishelpfultostudents.Weshouldtellourchildrenthatstudyingistheirduty.AprimaryschoolinTaiyuansaid____29____kids’homeworkbyparentsisnotrequired.Aboutthequestionwhetheritisnecessarytostopsigningkids’homework,therearedifferentopinions.Someonethinksthatparentshaveto____30____kids’homeworkafteraday’swork.Itwillbringaburdentomanyparents.Anditisnot_____31_____forstudents’study,either.Besides,somepeoplehave____32____thatchildren’sgradesmaydropwithoutparentssigningtheirhomework.Butit’salsoanefficientwaytohelpstudentsformagoodhabittolearn.Therefore,forstudents,theyshouldknow____33____istheirduty.【答案】29.signing30.check31.helpful32.worries33.studying【解析】【导语】本文介绍了父母给孩子检查作业的利与弊。【29题详解】根据“AprimaryschoolinTaiyuan,ShanxiProvince,saiditnolongeraskedparentstosignthechildren’shomework.”可知山西省太原市一所小学表示，不再要求家长在孩子的作业上签字。此处是动名词作主语，应用signing。故填signing。【30题详解】根据“Puttinganendtocheckinghomeworkletsdowntheburden(负担)onmanyparents,ortheyhavetodoprimaryschoolhomeworkafteraday’shardwork.”可知有人认为父母必须在一天的工作后检查孩子的家庭作业，这将给许多父母带来负担。check“检查”，位于haveto后，应用原形，故填check。【31题详解】根据“Butitdoesnotgivechildrenchancestopracticetheirabilitytosolveproblemsbythemselves.”可知这并不能让孩子们有机会练习自己解决问题的能力，也就是这对学生的学习也没有帮助。helpful“有帮助的”，形容词作表语，故填helpful。【32题详解】根据“Butnowthereareworries.Ifthisdecisionison,manypeoplethinkthestudents’gradeswilldrop.”可知一些人担心没有父母在家庭作业上签字，孩子的成绩可能会下降。worry“担心”，名词，此处应用复数形式，故填worries。【33题详解】根据“Weshouldtellourchildrenthatstudyingistheirduty.”可知对于学生来说，他们应该知道学习是他们的责任。此处作主语，应用动名词studying。故填studying。E请阅读下面的非连续性文本，并按要求完成所给任务。Imagineyou’reatthesupermarket.Youpayforsomefood,thenthrowonethirdofitintothetrash.Thismaysoundcrazy,butmillionsofusaredoingthisaroundtheworld.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization,over30percentofthefoodworldwidegoestowaste(浪费).Mostofitisthrownawaybyshopsthatareunabletosellit,orbypeoplewhobuytoomuch.Chinathinksupagreatidea—building“banks”forfoodthatwecan’teat.SomepeopleinShanghairecentlyputafridgeinacommunity(社区),fillingitwithcakesandcanned(罐装的)foodfromnearbymarketsandrestaurants.It’sfreeforanyonetoenjoy.Whichregionwastesthemostfood?AccordingtotheUN,about1.3billiontons(吨)offoodwaslostorwastedin2015.However,some795millionpeopledonothaveenoughfoodtoleadahealthylife.Checkthechartbelow,andfindoutwhichregionwastesthemostfood.LeftoverricegetsanewlifeBoiledriceisprobablyoneofthemostcommonleftovers(剩饭菜)inChinesekitchens.Ratherthanthrowitaway,whynottrytheWesternrecipetochangelastnight’sleftoversintotoday’slunch?RicepuddingWhatyouneed:cookedrice,milk,sugarorhoney.Putriceinapan,coveritwithmilk,andstir(搅拌)overamediumheatuntilthemilkbeginstoboil.Turndowntheheatalittlebitandaddsugar.Keepstirring.Whenthericeexpands(膨胀),it’sreadytoenjoy.34.HowmuchfoodiswastedaccordingtotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization?_________________________________________________35.Whousuallythrowsawaythefood?(OneexampleisOK.)_________________________________________________36.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese._________________________________________________37.Accordingtothefirstchart(图表),whichregionwastestheleastfood?_________________________________________________38.Pleasefinishthefourthstepinthesecondchart._________________________________________________39.Inordernottowastefood,whatwill/won’tyoudo?_________________________________________________【答案】34.Over30percentofthefoodworldwideiswasted.35.Shopsthatareunabletosellit./Peoplewhobuytoomuchfood.36.中国想出了一个好主意——为我们吃不了的食物建立“银行”。37.SouthandSoutheastAsia.38.Turndowntheheatalittlebit.39.I’lltrytomakethericepudding./Iwon’tbuytoomuchfood.【解析】【导语】本文介绍了世界上的食物浪费现象很严重，中国想出了一个好主意——为我们不能吃的食物建立“银行”，为剩饭菜找到新的利用方法。【34题详解】根据“AccordingtotheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization,over30percentofthefoodworldwidegoestowaste(浪费).”可知根据联合国粮食及农业组织的数据，全世界超过30%的食物都被浪费了。故填Over30percentofthefoodworldwideiswasted.【35题详解】根据“Mostofitisthrownawaybyshopsthatareunabletosellit,orbypeoplewhobuytoomuch.”可知大部分都被卖不出去的商店扔掉了，或者被买太多的人扔掉了。故填Shopsthatareunabletosellit./Peoplewhobuytoomuchfood.【36题详解】Chinathinksupagreatidea“中国想出了一个好主意”；building“banks”“建立‘银行’”；forfoodthatwecan’teat“为我们吃不了的食物”。故填：中国想出了一个好主意——为我们吃不了的食物建立“银行”。【37题详解】根据第一个表格可知，南亚及东南亚地区浪费的食物最少。故填SouthandSoutheastAsia.【38题详解】根据“Putriceinapan,coveritwithmilk,andstir(搅拌)overamediumheatuntilthemilkbeginstoboil.Turndowntheheatalittlebitandaddsugar.”可知用中火搅拌，直到牛奶开始沸腾的下一步是把火关小一点。故填Turndowntheheatalittlebit.【39题详解】开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为I’lltrytomakethericepudding./Iwon’tbuytoomuchfood.八、词语运用（每空1分，共20分）请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。Itisveryimportant____40____everyonetolearnetiquette(礼仪).WhenIwasachild,mymotherusuallytaughtme____41____bepolite.Butnowthishaschanged.Mothersarealsobusytoday.Theyworkoutside____42____fathersdo.Theremaybesomeoneelsewholooks____43____thechildrenathome.Heorsheshould____44____teachthechildrenhowtobepolitetoothers.Forexample,youshouldnotinterrupt(打断)others____45____theyaretalking.Whenyougrowup,youshouldlearnetiquette____46____yourself.Therearemanywaystolearnetiquette.Onewayistoaskaprofessionalteacher.Theprofessionalteachercantellyoueverythingyouwanttoknow.Anotherwayistogotoyourcitylibrary____47____bookstorestoreadbooksaboutetiquette.The____48____waytostudyetiquetteistowatchthosewithgoodmanners(举止)aroundyouandlearn____49____them.Andfinally,youneedtopracticewhatyouhavelearnedaboutgoodmannersathomeandinpublic.【答案】40.for41.to42.as43.after44.also45.when46.by47.or48.third49.from【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了学习礼仪的重要性以及学习礼仪的方法。【40题详解】句意：学习礼仪对每个人来说都很重要。itisadj.forsb.todosth.“做某事对某人来说是……的”。故填for。【41题详解】句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我妈妈通常教我要有礼貌。teachsb.todosth.“教某人做某事”。故填to。【42题详解】句意：她们像父亲一样在外面工作。根据“workoutside...fathersdo”可知是像父亲一样在外面工作，用as“像……一样”。故填as。【43题详解】句意：家里可能有其他人照顾孩子。根据“looks...thechildrenathome”可知是在家照顾孩子，lookafter“照顾”。故填after。【44题详解】句意：他或她还应该教孩子们如何礼貌待人。根据“should...teachthechildrenhowtobepolite”可知不仅要照顾孩子，也要教孩子如何礼貌待人，表示“也”用also。故填also。【45题详解】句意：当别人说话时，你不应该打断他们。根据“theyaretalking”可知是当他们谈话时，用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。【46题详解】句意：当你长大了，你应该自己学习礼仪。根据“learnetiquette...yourself”可知是自己学习礼仪，byoneself“独自”。故填by。【47题详解】句意：另一种方式是去你所在城市的图书馆或书店阅读有关礼仪的书籍。根据“gotoyourcitylibrary...bookstores”可知是去图书馆或书店，用or连接。故填or。【48题详解】句意：学习礼仪的第三种方法是观察你周围有礼貌的人，并向他们学习。根据“Oneway...Anotherway...”可知此处是第三种方法，用序数词third“第三”。故填third。【49题详解】句意：学习礼仪的第三种方法是观察你周围有礼貌的人，并向他们学习。根据“watchthosewithgoodmannersaroundyouandlearn...them”可知是向周围有礼貌的人学习，learnfrom“向某人学习”。故填from。请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。refuseholebuyfindIgoodthroughwhentrueangerchooseifThatwasastorybetweenmeandmydadlastweek.OnedayIwasso____50____withmyparentsthatIlefthome,sayingIwouldneverreturn.Iwasupsetbecausemyparents____51____tobuymeabike.Butinmyanger,Ididn’tevenrealizethatIhadtakenbothmyfather’sshoesandhiswallet.AsImademywaytothebusstation,Ifeltsomepainin____52____foot.Inoticedthattheshoehadtwosmall____53____init.Therewerenobusesaround.Notknowingwhattodo,Ilookedinmydad’swallet.Tomysurprise,therewasn’tmuchmoneyinside.Ialso____54____anotefromhismanager.Itaskedhimtowearnicer-lookingshoestotheoffice.Irememberedmymotheraskinghim____55____apairofnewshoes,buthesaidthathispairofshoesshouldlastanothersixmonthsatleast.Istartedtowalkhome.Ithenrealizedthat____56____Ihadleft,mydad’smotorbikewasnotthere.Istartedfeelingweakinmylegsandwantedtocry.IranhomeasfastasIcould.WhenIgothome,mydadwastherewaitingforme.Icouldn’thelpbutcry.Iapologized____57____,“I’msorry,Dad.Idon’tneedabike.”That’swhenIrealizedjusthowmuchpainandhardshipourparentsgo____58____sometimes,andhowgreattheirloveforusis.Everyoneshoulddoa____59____jobofrememberingthisfromtimetotime.【答案】50.angry51.refused52.my53.holes54.found

55.tobuy56.when57.truly58.through59.better【解析】【导语】本文讲述了作者因为父母拒绝给自己买自行车而对他们生气，然后离家出走，最后作者又意识到了父母的爱是多么伟大。【50题详解】句意：有一天，我很生父母的气，我离开了家，说我再也不会回来了。根据“thatIlefthome,sayingIwouldneverreturn.”可知作者很生气，应用形容词angry作表语，故填angry。【51题详解】句意：我很沮丧，因为我父母拒绝给我买一辆自行车。根据“Iwasupsetbecausemyparents...tobuymeabike.”可知作者沮丧是因为父母没有给他买自行车，结合选词可知refuse“拒绝”符合语境，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填refused。【52题详解】句意：当我去汽车站的时候，我感到脚有点痛。根据“Ifeltsomepainin...foot.”可知是指作者的脚，应用形容词性物主代词my“我的”，故填my。【53题详解】句意：我注意到鞋子上有两个小洞。根据“Inoticedthattheshoehadtwosmall...init.”可知此处应填名词复数，结合选词可知holes“洞”符合语境，故填holes。【54题详解】句意：我还找到了他经理的便条。根据“Ialso...anotefromhismanager.”可知作者在爸爸的钱包里发现一个便条。find“发现”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填found。【55题详解】句意：我记得妈妈让他买双新鞋，但他说这双鞋至少