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初中英语国际标准音标练习元曰(20个)rVr一.VT.单元曰12个前元音(4个)[i:][i][e][回后元音(5个)[a:][D:][D][u:][u]中元音(3个)[a][9:][9]双兀音8个合口双元音(5个)[ei][9U][ai][au][Di]集中双元音(3个)[间[U9][E9]辅音(28个)清 辅 音(11个)[p][t][k][f][s]⑹[J][tJ][tr][ts][h]浊 辅 音(17个)[b][d][g][v][z][d][5][d5][dr][dz][l][m][n][Q][j][w][r]/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/key/ki:/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t//i/it/it/big/big/city/siti/give/giv/sick/sik//e/get/get/best/best/text/tekst/help/help//抚/fat/f&t/have/h&v/cat/k&t/back/b&k/hat/h&t//a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k//D:/horse/hD:s/saw/sD:/corn/ka:n/course/kD:s/salt/sAt//D/dog/dDg/pot/pDt/cost/kDst/what/wDt/honest/'Dnist//u:/food/fu:d/moon/mu:n/rule/ru:l/loose/lu:s/noon/nu:n//u/book/buk/put/put/good/gud/would/wud/could/kud//A/must/mAst/does/dAz/money/'mAni/ ugly/'Agli/come/kAm//Q:/nurse/n:s/bird/b:d/burn/b:n/turn/t:n/girl/g:l//Q/better/bet/never/nev/worker/w:k/welcome/welkm//ei/may/mei/name/neim/game/geim/eight/eit/age/eid^//Qu/no/nu/home/hum/hope/hup/wrote/rut/note/nut/pose/puz//ai/eye/ai/time/taim/buy/bai/right/rait/bike/baik/kite/kait//au/now/nau/out/aut/how/hau/about/o'baut/south/sau0/house/haus//Di/ boy/bDi/toy/tDi/noise/nDiz/voice/vDis/point/pDint/coin/kDin//iQ/ear/i/near/ni/idea/ai'di/hear/hi/mere/mi/spear/spi//sQ/ air/s/tear/t£/care/ks/dare/ds/fair/fs/there/6s//uQ/tour/tu/poor/pu/sure/Ju/moor/mu/(停泊)your/ju//p/pea/pi:/pie/pai/ top/tDp/ cap/k&p/ people/pi:pl/pride/praid//b/bee/bi:/by/bai/buy/bai/black/bl&k/ bear/bs//t/let/let/sat/s&t/feet/fi:t/team/ti:m/tide/taid//d/led/led/sad/s&d/feed/fi:d/do/du:/dear/di//k/lack/l&k/take/teik/clock/klDk/class/kla:s/weekend/'wi:kend/IgJbig/big/lag/l&g/glass/gla:s/gum/gAm/good/gud/guest/gest//f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/sU:f/favorite/'feivUrit/IvIvery/'veri/five/faiv/fever/'fi:vU/serve/sU:v/never/'nevU//0/bath/ba:0/(v洗澡)thick/0ik/mouth/mau0/breath/bre0/(n呼吸)thought/0D:t/author/'MU/truth/tru:0//d/ the/dU/they/dei/that/d^t/mother/'mAd□/thus/dAs/then/den//s/face/feis/mouse/maus/cakes/keiks/caps/k&ps/likes/laiks/stops/stDps//z/close/klUuz/keys/ki:z/boys/bDiz/pens/penz/halves/ha:vz//tf/catch/k&tj/cheep/tji:p/rich/ritj/watch/wtf/child/tjaild/question/kwestjUn/teach/ti:tf/challenge/tflind3//d^/orange/'Drid^/large/la:d^/juice/d^u:s/job/d^Db//tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/true/tru:/trouble/traubl/track/tr&k//dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/driQk/hundred/'hAndrid//f/ she/fi:/sharp/fa:p/fish/fij/shock/fDk/shoe/fu:/I3I pleasure/'ple引/measure/'me^U/television/'telivi引n//ts/let's/lets/sports/spD:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts//dz/hands/h&ndz/ birds/bU:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz/stands/st&ndz//h/he/hi:/hard/ha:d/him/him/heard/hU:d/half/ha:f//l/like/laik/late/leit/learn/lU:n/lead/li:d/light/lait//m/my/mai/more/mD:/seem/si:m/meat/mi:t/mind/maind/men/men//n/nice/nais/wind/waind/mind/maind/rain/rein/fine/fain//©/sing/siQ/wing/wiQ/ring/riq/long/lDQ/ beautiful/bju:tUfl//j/you/ju:/few/fju:/yard/ja:d/music/'mju:zik/student/'stju:dnt/excuse/ik'skju:z//w/work/wU:k/way/wei/well/wel/what/wDt/ twelve/twelv/twin/twin//r/red/red/road/rUud/write/rait/wrong/rDq/problem/'prDblUm/

音标综合练习l・/i://bit//i/ /e//抚//wi:k//di:l/ /riDl//kid//dig//kwik//tip//zip//rid//wil//fil/bitweekdealrealkiddigquicktipzipridwillfill/pet//p&k//g&p/ /k&g/ /n&g//r&m//b&tl//sed//'h&pi//ten//red/petpackgapcap nagrambattlesaidhappyten red/'setl//tr&J//di'pend/settletrashdepend2./a://D://D/ /u:/ /u//a:sk//ma:sk//pa:st//fra:ns//Dd//lD:n//nD:t//pD:z//fDks/ /sDk/askmaskpastFranceoddlawnnaughtpausefoxsock/fa://la:d3//ma:k//lD:d/ /tD://stD:m//pDt//krDp//0Dt//prDmis/farlargemarkLordtorchstormpotcropthoughtpromise/huk//lu:s//sut//tuk//mud//0ru://pul//wud/hookloosesoottookmoodthroughpullwood3./A//9/ /9//bAz//dAl//'hAri//gAlf/ /'trAbl/ /9:n//s)f//'t9:n9/ /'beg。//tAk/bussdullhurrygulftroubleearnsurfturnerbeggertuck/k9:b//9:k//9'merik/ /'sDk9//'k^mp9//sB'vei//pO'veid//pB'h比ps/curbirkAmericasoccercampersurveypervadeperhapsWlesk//'m9:d9/burlesquemurder3./ei//9U//ai//au//Di//keip//greit//mein/ /prBpBUz//'m9uf9n/ /stBUn//'9Uv9/ /sait/kapegreatmain proposemotionstone oversight/raim//daut/ /'taipist/ /aust/ /mDist/ /'Dist。/rhymedoubt typist oust moist oyster4./©//E9//U9//vie//9'fE9//dE9//skE9//bU9n/ /gU9d/ /'rU9r9l//B'pi。//kBlAmbi。/veeraffairdarescarebourngourdruralappearColombia/mBtiBriol/ /mistiBriOs/material mysterious5./0//&//mAnB/ /Bi:f//&比t/ /&^n/ /feiB//tB'ge&B/阳比^k/ /Bom'selvz/monththiefthatthanfaithtogetherthankthemselves1.关于语音的几个概念1) 字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u,2) 音标:词的语音形式。3)音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。4) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher,un'der'stand5) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。6) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。7) 开音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebike;b)辅音+元音he,go,hi8) 闭音节:a)辅音+元音+辅音bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+辅音it9) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。3.容易混淆的元音1)[e][⑹bedbad;men,man;pen,pan;lendland2)[i:][ei]realrail;greet,great;mean,main;readraid3) [e][ai]betbite;redwrite;saidside,head,hide4) [au][□:]househorse;loudlord;southsauce;nownor;countcorn;cloudclause5) [au][A]foundfond;gowngone;downdon21)[w]wall,what,answer22)[j]yes23)[t门child,teach,catch24)[d/]joke,bridge,25)[ts]boats26)[dz]goods27)[tr]tree28)[dr]dream容易混淆的辅音1) [v][w]vetwet;vestwest;vinewine;verywell2) [s][9]sinkthink;sortthought;missmyth;massmath3) [z][d]closingclothing;breezebreathe;baysbathes4) [n][n]thinthing;sinsing;banbangwinwing;ranrang读音规则1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)2) 非重读曰节 [0]banana,student,today,after,[i]orange,secret,evening,very,Monday特殊读音1) 音的连读:notatall,halfanhour,Iloveyouandall.afterall2) 失去爆破:goodgirl,goodstudent,goodjob,expression,school,extreme3) 音的同化:thisyear,Wouldyoudoit?Can'tyouseeit?重音1)单词重音A)双音节词a) —般在第一个音节重读。letter,sorryb) 有a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans-等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音。a'bout,be'lieve,ad'dress,de'cide,re'port,con'demn,res'pect,com'pare,in'form,dis'cuss,im'press,mis'take,en'force,pre'pare,em'ploy,per'mit,es'cape,pro'duce,ex'claim,trans'latec) 有de-,in-,re-,con-,pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的词性在第二个音节上。'record,re'cord;'insult,in'sult;'conduct,con'duct;'presentpre'sent;'content,con'tentd) 有些复合词和带有前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词,有两个重音。'out'side,'re'tell,'well-'known,'un'real,'fif'teen,'Chi'nese,'pre-'war,'post-'warB)多音节词a) —般倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult,'communist,'family,e'conomy,oppor'tunity,de'mocracy.b) 有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。'carefully,in'definite,'comfortable,con'ductor,ac'cording,dis'turbance,'complicated,es'tablishment,c) 词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,ive后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour'teous,cal'ligraphy,edi'torial,his'torian,peri'odic,mathe'matics,ex'perience,suf'ficient,i'dentify,trans'lation,re'ligious,curi'osity,pro'tectived) 词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音。enter'tain,emplo'yee,mountai'neer,Japa'nese,ciga'rette2)句子重音A) 英语的节奏:(轻)-轻-重-轻-(轻)或重-轻-(轻)(轻)重B) 英语句子的长短:是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的,而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的。C) 实词重读(副词重读),虚词轻读(冠词,单音节介词,单音节连词,人称代词,反代词,物主代词,关系代词,相互代词,助动词,情态动词和系动词be.D) 实词不重读的特殊情况a) 实词第二次出现Hethinksofthatasachildthinks.b) 一个名词被第二个名词修饰Imetherintherailwaystation.c) 代替词Whichbookdoyouwant?Thesmallone.d) 感叹词中的what和howWhatagooddayitis!Howbeautifulsheis!e) street在专有名词中WangfujingStreet.f) this在这些短语中,thismorning/afternoon/eveningE) 虚词重读的特殊情况a) 情态动词,助动词和系动词be在句首,句尾和否定时。Doyoulikeit?Yes,Ido.Areyouadoctor?Yes,Iam.Canyouhelpme?Yes,Ican.Idon'tlikeyou.Heisn'taworker.b) 情态动词表示可能,惊奇和肯定时。Theymaycomethisevening.Canitbefivealready?Hemustbeintheroom.c) 介词在句首和句尾。Inthebox,hefoundaletter.HeisthepersonItalkedwith.d) 引导复合句的连词在句首。Ifyouwish,I'llvisityou.Whenhecomes,I'lltellhim.e)反身代词表示强调。Hecouldn'tcomehimself.英语发音连读的规则连读的条件:相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关,同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可读得太重,也不可音。(连读符号:~)(1)“辅音+元音”型连读在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。I'm~an~Englishboy.It~is~an~oldbook.Letmehave~alook~at~it.MsBlackworkedin~an~officelast~yesterday.Icalled~youhalf~an~hour~ago.Put~it~on,please.Not~at~all.Pleasepick~it~up.“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。They'remyfather~andmother.Ilookedfor~ithere~andthere.There~isafootballunder~it.There~aresomebooksonthedesk.Here~isaletterforyou.Here~arefour~eggs.Butwhere~ismycup?Where~areyourbrother~andsister?但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连读。Theblackcloudsarecomingnearerandnearer.(nearer与and不可连读)“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。Thank~you.Nicetomeet~you.Did~yougettherelate~again?Would~youlike~acup~oftea?Could~youhelpme,please?“音的同化”—常把/d/+/j/读成/dV/,didyou听上成了/dIdVu/,wouldyou成了/wudVu/,couldyou成了/kudVu/。“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。I~amChinese.He~isveryfriendlytome.Shewantstostudy~English.How~andwhydidyoucomehere?Shecan'tcarry~it.It'lltakeyouthree~hourstowalkthere.Thequestionistoo~easyforhimtoanswer.当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。Is~ita~hatoracat?(hat与or之间不可以连读)There~is~agoodbookinmydesk.(book与in之间不可以连读)Canyouspeak~EnglishorFrench?(English与or之间不可以连读)Shallwemeetat~eightortentomorrowmorning?(meet与at,eight与or之间不可以连读)Sheopenedthedoorandwalked~in.(door与and之间不可以连读)失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,Igl失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。Thegirlinthere(d)coatwasonabla(ck)bikejus(t)now.Thebi(g)busfromthefa(c)toryisfullofpeople.Wha(t)timedoeshegetupeverymorning?Thisisanol(d)pi(c)tureofabi(g)car.Theol(d)do(c)torhasaca(t),too.We'regoingtoworkonafarmnex(t)Tuesday.Whatwouldyoulike,ho(t)teaorbla(ck)coffee?It'saverycol(d)day,butit'sagoo(d)da

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