课件动词过去分词公开课一等奖课件省赛课获奖课件

高二英语金瑞芳UsageofThePastParticiple非谓语动词使用方法解说：过去分词使用方法第1页非谓语动词指在句中表达一种动作但不能充当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能词。v-ing表积极，表进行v-ed表被动，表完成todo不定式表将来，表目标第2页Thevaseisbroken.Hearingthenews,heshowedasurprisedlook.DirectedbyHanhan,themovieisreallypopular.Tomfinallyhadthebookfinished.Predicative(表语)Adverb(状语)Attribute(定语)Objectcomplement(宾语补足语)第3页v-ed作表语v-ed作宾补v-ed作定语v-ed作状语v-ed第4页1.

及物动词过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表达主语状态，既表达被动，又表达完成。

Thecupis

broken.

茶杯破了。

2.

不及物动词过去分词作表语，与句子主语是积极关系，表达主语状态，只表达动作完成。

Heis

retired.

他已退休。v-ed作表语第5页v-ed作表语表达主语某种性质或状态。Shewasreallytouchedbeyondwords.Theyaresatisfiedwiththeirwork.某些过去分词作表语用来表达人物所处心理状态或情感变化，其主语一般是人，此类过去分词如：delighted,devoted,discouraged,astonished,frightened,excited,worried等能够看做形容词。第6页【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态区分：过去分词作表语，主要是表达主语状态，而被动语态则表达动作。

(1)

Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday.

茶杯是昨天我小妹打坏。（是被动语态，表达动作）(2)

Thelibraryisnowclosed.

图书馆关门了。（过去分词作表语）

【注意】过去分词表达被动或完成,-ing形式表达积极或进行。有些动词如

interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten等一般用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用-ing形式来修饰物。

(3)

ThebookisinterestingandI'm

interested

init.

第7页v-ed作定语spokenEnglishwrittenexercisesfallenleavestheadvancedcountriesausedstamp abrokencoin英语口语

书面练习落叶发达国家一枚用过邮票一枚破损硬币v-ed表被动和完成v-ed表完成v-ed表被动v-ed表被动和/或完成第8页Completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.terrifiedpeoplereservedseatspollutedwateracrowdedroomapleasedwinnerpeopleterrifiedof(cholera)seatsreservedfor…waterpollutedby…aroomcrowdedof…awinnerpleasedat…第9页childrenastonishedat/by…avasebrokenby…adoorclosedby…

theaudiencetiredby…ananimaltrappedin/by…astonishedchildrenacloseddoor

thetiredaudience

atrappedanimal

abrokenvase

单个过去分词作前置定语；过去分词短语作后置定语第10页过去分词作定语

作定语用过去分词相称于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰名词。及物动词过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词过去分词作定语，只表完成。1.

过去分词用作定语，假如是单个，常置于其所修饰名词之前。

thefallenleaves

落叶

Weonlysellusedbooksinourbookstore.第11页2.过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰名词之后，其意义相称于一种定语从句

Hewasateacherrespectedbyallhisstudents.Hewasateacherwhowasrespectedbyallhisstudents.Idon’tknowthegirlwhowascaughtinthesnowstorm.Idon’tknowthegirlcaughtinthesnowstorm.Theboywhowasknockeddownbythecarwascrying.Theboyknockeddownbythecarwascrying.第12页3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。

(1)Themeeting,attendedbyoverfivethousandpeople,welcomedthegreathero.

他们举办了欢迎英雄大会，到会有五千多人。4.用来修饰人过去分词有时能够转移到修饰非人事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰事物仍与人直接有关。

(2)Theboylookedupwithapleasedexpression.

男孩带着满意表情举目而视。

第13页Translation我多懊悔在树林挥霍时光啊!HowIregrettedthehours__________________!HowIregrettedthehours_________________________!我喜欢穿这种布料做衣服。Ilikewearingclothes_______________________．Ilikewearingclothes__________________________________.在树林挥霍这种布料做wastedinthewoodsmadeofthiskindofclothwhichwerewastedinwoodswhicharemadeofthiskindofcloth第14页鲁迅写书很受欢迎。Thebooks_________________arepopular．我们要去看那座建于几百年前桥。We’llgotovisitthebridge_________________________．鲁迅写书建于几百年前writtenbyLuXunbuilthundredsofyearsago第15页v-ing与v-ed作定语区分1.语态不一样v-ing表积极、进行；v-ed表被动、完成aninspiringspeech鼓舞人心演说theinspiredaudience受鼓舞听众the

falling

leaves落叶（正往下落）thefallenleaves落叶（已落到地面）第16页2.时间关系不一样v-ing表“正在进行”或“与谓语动词同步进行”或“经常性”。v-ed表动作先于谓语动词表达动作。Doyouknowtheboylyingunderthebigtree?Thewomansellingvegetableshasgone.第17页the

changing

worldthechangedworld（正在变化）（变化了）boiling

waterboiledwater（正在沸腾)（已经沸腾过）fading

flowers

fadedflowers(正在凋落)（已经凋落）a

developing

countrya

developed

country(发展中)（发达）第18页3.及物动词过去分词与目前分词被动式都可表达被动,但v-ed表达一种完成了动作,而beingdone多表达一种正在进行动作。Theproblemdiscussedyesterdayhassomethingtodowithus.Theproblembeingdiscussednowhassomethingtodowithus.Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary.第19页v-ed作宾补作宾语补足语过去分词一般来自及物动词，表达被动和完成意义。过去分词作宾补时，和它前面宾语组成“宾语+过去分词”复合构造，在这种构造中，宾语与过去分词之间逻辑上动宾关系。直接宾语（名词或代词）宾语补足语某些及物动词（如make）第20页

宾语补足语10种表达法：HisfathernamedhimDoming.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.4.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.(名词)(形容词)（不定式）（不定式短语）(目前分词或其短语)第21页6.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.7.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.8.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.9.Letthefreshairin.10.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.(过去分词)（用as引出）（介词短语）（副词）(从句)第22页英语中有些及物动词，除有一种直接宾语以外，还要有一种宾语补足语，才能使句子意义完整。1.在表达感觉或心理状态动词，如see,hear,feel,watch,notice,think,find等背面作宾语补足语。Iwasgladtoseethechildwelltakencareof.Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.Sheheardthedoorshutwithabang.Shefeltagreatloadtakenoffhermind.第23页2.使役动词.表达“致使”意义动词。如：have,make,get,keep,leave等。(1)I’llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.

明天我要剪发。(2)Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.

他昨天把牙拔了。(3)Don’tleavethosethingsundone.

要把那些事情做完。(4)Hemanagedtomakehimselfunderstood.【注意】过去分词所示动作一定和宾语有逻辑上动宾关系。第24页3.在表达“希望”“愿望”等意义动词，如want,wish,like,expect等背面作宾语补足语。Theteacherexpectedallthestudentswellpreparedfortheexam.Hewantshiscompositionreadbyeveryclassmate.

Iwanttheproblemsettledtonight.

我希望这个问题今晚能够得到处理第25页4.做介词宾补，主要用于“with/without+复合构造”中。Theyleftwithoutaplateuntouched.Withtheproblemsettled,hefeltquitehappy.第26页5.“have+宾语＋过去分词”几个含义在“have＋宾语＋过去分词”构造中，过去分词作宾补，也可用get。有下列几个含义：1)意为“主语请他人做某事”。Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.2)意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不快乐、不测事情”。Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.3)意为“使完成某事”，事情既能够是他人做完，也能够由主语参与完成。Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.第27页v-ing,v-ed,todo作宾补区分语态v-ed与宾语之间是被动关系，v-ing表积极，todo和宾语也是积极关系。时间关系v-ed表完成，v-ing表进行，to

do强调动作发生全过程。第28页Wefoundthetreesplanted.Wefoundmanypeopleplantingtreesthere.Isawhimgointothediningroom.Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.第29页Hemanagedtomakehimself__________(understand)withhis_______(break)English.—There’saholeinyourbag.—Iknow,I’mgoingtohaveit________(mend)IhaveoftenheardtheABCSong______(sing),butIhaveneverheardAlice_____(sing)it.WhenIputmyhandonhischest,Icouldfeelhisheartstill_______(beat).Pleasegetthework______(do)assoonaspossible.understoodbrokenmendedsungsingbeatingdone第30页1.Theywokeup,findingeverythingaroundchanging.2.Thegateremainedlockingandwehadtowaitoutside.3.You’llseemanyproblemstobesettledinthisway.4.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandsbeingtiedbehindhisback.changedsettledlocked改错tied第31页1.Wehavegotthehousemended

now.2.Youlookdifferenttoday.Haveyouhadyourhaircut?3.Doyouwanttohavethedictionarydeliveredtoyourhouseorwouldyouprefertotheshopforit?4.A:CouldIhavealookatthephotographsyoutookwhenyouwereinEurope?B:Sorry,Ihaven’thadthefilmdevelopedyet.AnswerstoEx.2onPage13.第32页5.Onmywaytothestationmycarbrokedown.WhenIgottheretotherepairshopIfounditclosed.6.Thecomputerdoesn’tseemtoworkwell.You’dbettergetitrepaired?7.JillandEricgotalltheirmoneystolenwhiletheywereonholiday.8.Thelisteningtextmightbeeasierforthestudentsifyouhaveitdividedintotwoparts.第33页

过去分词作状语表达被动和完成动作。

Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood!

有些过去分词因起源于系表构造或者是由某些动词后加-ed转化而来形容词，作状语时不表被动而表达积极。这样过去分词及短语常见有：lost（in）；absorbed(in)；born（in）；dressedin；interested(in)；tiredof；pleased/satisfied(with);disappointed/surprised;prepared(for);seated（坐）；hidden（躲）；stationed/located/situated；v-ed作状语第34页（1）Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.（2）Thereisabigtownmarketsituatedintheheartofthecity.第35页v-ed作状语过去分词作状语，表达动作发生背景，在乎义上相称于一种状语从句，其遵循两条标准：1.省略主语（也称逻辑主语）与主句主语保持一致。2.逻辑主语与过去分词间存在动宾关系。过去分词在句中作状语可表达时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。第36页

(1)

Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.（given

为过去分词作状语，它逻辑主语为主句主语I，即I被再给一种小时。）

(2)

Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.

（seen为过去分词作状语，表“被看”，由语境可知，它逻辑主语必须是都市，而不是“我们”，由于“我们”应积极看都市。）第37页

【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保存连词，组成“连词＋过去分词”构造作状语。while,when,until,unless,though,asif,evenif等

(1)Whengivenamedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.

当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。

(2)Unlessinvited,Iwon’tattendthemeeting.(3)Oncepublished,thisnovelwillbepopular.4.过去分词作状语位置。过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，也可放在主句背面。

Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.=Movedtotears,hestoodtheresilently.

他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。第38页作原因状语Tired

bythetrip,hesoonfellasleep.Becausehewastiredbythetrip,hesoonfellasleep.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.第39页作时间状语Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeagarden.Whenthecityisseenformthehill,thecitylookslikeagarden.Wheniceisheatedortakenintothewarmroom,icesoonchangesintowater.(When)Heatedortakenintothewarmroom,icesoonchangesintowater.第40页作条件状语Givenmoretime,Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.IfIhadbeengivenmoretime,Iwouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.Iftheyaregrowninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.Grownintherichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.第41页作伴随状语Theteachercamein,followedbysomestudents.Theteachercameinandwasfollowedbysomestudents.第42页

【注意】假如过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑主语，主句主语就不再是分词逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语过去分词构造事实上属于独立主格构造。

(1)Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.

（thesignal

是given

逻辑主语，因此主句主语thebus就不是given逻辑主语。

(2)Herheadheldhigh,shewentby.

（her

head

是heldhigh

逻辑主语，因此主句主语she

就不再是heldhigh

逻辑主语。）

第43页

“with＋宾语＋过去分词”构造“with＋宾语＋过去分词”构造中，过去分词用作介词with宾语补足语。这一构造一般在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：

(1)

Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.

（方式）(2)

Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.（条件）(3)

Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.（原因）(4)

Shestoodinfrontofhim,withhereyesfixedonhisface.(5)Hestoodforamomentwithhishandstillraised.

第44页1.Frightenedbytheloudnoise,Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.2.Hitbythelackoffreshair,hegotabadheadache,3.Tiredafterthelongjourney,Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation4.Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.Whichadverbialarethesesentencesusingthepastparticipleas第45页5.Builtin1910,themuseumisalmost100yearsold.6.Givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist,thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore.7.Exhaustedafteraday’swork,Georgetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter.8.Veryastonishedbytheamountofworkinthenewtimetable,Lucydecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately.第46页1.Following

theoldman,wewentupstairs.(跟着那个老人,

我们上了楼)2.Followedby

theoldman,wewentupstairs.(被那个老人跟着,

我们上了楼)比较下面每组两句话。第47页3.从上面看,体育场仿佛一种鸟巢。

____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。____fromthespace,theastronautcouldnotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.SeenBA第48页Havingbeendone&done1.作状语时，havingbeendone更强调动作发生在谓语动词之前；而done则不强调此含义。Nothavingbeeninvited,hefeltunhappy.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.2.done可作定语，而havingbeendone一般不能作定语，一般用定语从句。Thegirlwhohaswontheraceismydeskmate.Theyareproblemsleftoverbyhistory.第49页3.假如分词是短暂动词，那么该分词完成式(havingbeendone)所表达动作往往是在谓语动作之前发生过数次Havingbeenbittentwice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdogupHavingfailedthreetimes,hedidn'twanttotryagain.第50页英语积极形式表被动意义几个情况1.表达被动含义积极动词

1)系动词taste,sound,look,smell,feelYourreasonsoundsreasonable.

Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.

2)某些与can’t或won’t,wouldn’t

连用动词。常用有:lock,shut