人教版2023选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future完形填空练习含解析

第第页人教版（2023）选择性必修第一册Unit2LookingintotheFuture完形填空练习（含解析）Unit2LookingIntoTheFuture

单元话题完形填空练习

（2023春·云南玉溪·高二云南省玉溪第一中学校考期中）Inmanyways,GitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-old,livelyandchatty,yetherscientificspiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonth,she____1____thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallengeforherinvention.

What____2____Gitanjali’sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchlead(铅)initswater.“Theideadidn’t____3____tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.Theteststripsmayshowinaccurateresults,whichweren’tvery____4____.”sherecalled.

Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand____5____foundthatcarbonnanotube(纳米管)sensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali____6____tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.Afreeapp,whichGitanjalidesignedunder____7____fromhercomputerscienceteacher,sendsthedatatoalinkedphonethrougha(n)____8____device.

Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn’talways____9____,though.KathleenShafer,ascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer,_____10_____alongtheway.Intheawardceremony,Gitanjalialso_____11_____hersuccesstoherparents’constantsupportand_____12_____totry“crazyideas”.Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat_____13_____ofwinningthecontest.AccordingtoShafer,who_____14_____Gitanjali,“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve_____15_____issuesthroughscience”.

1．A．designedB．earnedC．offeredD．made

2．A．exposedB．improvedC．definedD．inspired

3．A．occurB．belongC．stickD．apply

4．A．simpleB．predictableC．reliableD．creative

5．A．initiallyB．immediatelyC．temporarilyD．eventually

6．A．managedB．promisedC．pretendedD．happened

7．A．observationB．commandC．instructionD．control

8．A．sustainableB．permanentC．blankD．attached

9．A．optionalB．smoothC．continuousD．complete

10．A．seizedB．riskedC．helpedD．followed

11．A．stressesB．owesC．impressesD．guarantees

12．A．encouragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure

13．A．fortuneB．intentionC．honorD．potential

14．A．keepsupwithB．getsalongwithC．takescareofD．speakshighlyof

15．A．commercialB．practicalC．symbolicD．dynamic

（2023春·上海·高二上海市七宝中学校考开学考试）Thedreamoftheflyingcarcouldcomedowntoearthsoonasseveralstar-upslikeChineseEHANGandUberaredevelopingso-called“passengerdrones”self—flyingdronesbigenoughtoferryindividualcommutersaroundtown—whichcould___16___commutetimesfromhourstominutes.

Atfirstglance,human-carryingdronessoundnomore___17___thanflyingcars.Untilrecently.inventorshadneverbeenableto___18___automobilesandaircraftinapracticalway.Yetafewcompanieshavekeptatit:Woburn,forexample,hassince2023beendevelopingTransition,a“roadableaircraft”that___19___asmallairplanethatcanfolditswingsanddriveonroads.Apersonalflyingcarineverygaragehasprovedtobea(n)___20___sell,however,asthereareserioussafetyconcernsaboutaskingtheaveragecommutertotrainforapilot’slicenseandtaketotheskies.

Passengerdrones,___21___,wouldoperateautonomouslyandleavethe“roadable”partbehindinfavoroflargerversionsofaircraftthatalreadyexist.Passengerdronedesignsfavordistributedelectricpropulsion(推进),meaninginsteadofonelargemotorpoweredbyalargeenginetheyhavemultiplepropellerseachpoweredbyitsown,smallermotor.This___22___liftingpowerandflightperformanceinexchangeformechanicalsimplicityandlighterweight—factorsthatcouldmakethemcheapertooperate.Quieterelectricpowerwouldmakethenoise___23___tocityresidents,althoughitremainstobeseenhowmuchweightsuchavehiclecouldlift,andforhowlong.

Withanyofthesevehicles,safetyisthebiggestconcernand___24___toboththeaircraftandtheautomatedsystemsflyingthem.Advancedartificialintelligenceisneededtoflylargenumbersofautonomousaircraftwithout____25____themintooneanotheror,say,thelocalnewschannel’straffichelicopter.CarryingpeoplefrompointsAtoBseemssimpleenough,buteventhebestAIstruggleswith____26____“What,forexample,wouldadronedoifalandingareasuddenlybecameunavailable”asksSanjivSingh,aCarnegieMellonUniversityroboticsresearcher.Insteadof____27____tofullyautomatedpassengerdrones,hesuggestsfirsttestingthenecessaryAIinunmannedcargoruns,andadoptinga“mixedmode”approachinearlypassengerserviceswherepilotsareassistedbyAIco-pilots.

Technicalchallengesaside,start-ups(创业公司)promotingthetechnologywillhavetofindawaytoconvincethepublictogivetheirdronesatry,somethingthatrequiresamuchbiggerleapoffaiththangettingintothe____28____ofaself-drivingcar.Passengerdronemakersare“obviouslystillintheveryearlystagesoftechnologydevelopmentandimprovingthe____29____,”saysMikeHirschberg,executivedirectoroftheAmericanHelicopterSocietyInternational.“But20or30yearsfromnowlifemaybealittlelikeTheJetsonswhereyoutakeadvantageofthethirddimensionandhavemuchmore____30____especiallyinurbanclosequarterswheregroundtransportationisjammed.”

Thepassengerdroneprogressmayfollowaslopingtakeoffratherthanvertical(垂直的)leap.CarnegieMellon’sSinghseesalongroadaheadfilledwithlotsoftesting,analysis,regulationandeffortstowinthepublic’strustbeforethetechnologybecomesaviabletransportationoption.“Thereisthedangerofsomeonemovingtoofastandthenhavingaproblemthatsetstheindustrybackforsometime,”hesays.

16．A．simplifyB．adjustC．estimateD．shrink

17．A．magicalB．realisticC．appealingD．worthwhile

18．A．imitateB．designC．marryD．divide

19．A．resemblesB．outperformsC．challengesD．personalizes

20．A．toughB．realC．evilD．huge

21．A．inadditionB．forexampleC．onthewholeD．bycontrast

22．A．sacrificesB．strengthensC．balancesD．controls

23．A．immuneB．unknownC．relevantD．tolerable

24．A．contributesB．appealsC．extendsD．adapts

25．A．plungingB．crashingC．blowingD．splitting

26．A．encountersB．locationsC．surprisesD．differences

27．A．leapingB．tendingC．pointingD．applying

28．A．disorderB．backseatC．doubtD．flow

29．A．basicsB．figuresC．solutionsD．effects

30．A．atmosphereB．concentrationC．dependenceD．mobility

（2023秋·山西大同·高二统考期末）Makingsenseofthefive____31____—sight,hearing,touch,smell,andtaste—remainsaforefrontfieldinscience.Toexploretheseprocesses,researchersoftentryto____32____nature.Inthe1950s,____33____,thelateCornellUniversitypsychologistFrankRosenblattcopiedthewiringandprocessinginafly’seyetobuildadevicefilledwithamazeofwiresandelectronics.Studieslikethis,nowpoweredbyadvancedcomputation,arecreatinganewfieldofstudy____34____intelligentsensing,whichmanyscientists____35____atZhejiangLabinHangzhou,China.

“Intelligentsensingisanewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmodethroughwhichhumans____36____surroundingobjectsandtheenvironment,”saysXuLiu,deanoftheResearchInstituteofIntelligentSensingatZhejiangLab.“Human____37____,hearing,smell,taste,andtouchallhavetheirownnervenetworks,andtheyallcomputeinaparticularway.Itisnotonlythemechanicalsensingprocess,butalsoa____38____ofphysicalsensing,nerveinformationprocessing,andbrainrecognitionthatformsahuman’sknowing,learningandunderstandingtheir____39____”.

Advancesinintelligentsensingrely_____40_____onmoreadvancedsensors,suchasso-calledsmartsensors_____41_____fromaconventionaldigitalsensor.“Thesekindsofsensorswillsoonenterthemarket,buttheycanonlybe_____42_____asinitialtypesofintelligentsensors,”Liusays,becauseevensmartersensorsare_____43_____development.

_____44_____acknowledgingthebreakthroughsthathaveencouragedthedevelopmentofexistingsensors,researcherscanbe_____45_____thattomorrow’ssensorswillbemuchmoreadvanced.

31．A．feelingsB．organsC．sensesD．emotions

32．A．balanceB．modelC．enjoyD．change

33．A．forinstanceB．suchasC．bycontrastD．inreality

34．A．designedB．highlightedC．programmedD．called

35．A．produceB．exploreC．discoverD．find

36．A．controlB．investigateC．affectD．perceive

37．A．visionB．contactC．movementD．knowledge

38．A．competenceB．communicationC．comparisonD．combination

39．A．structuresB．solutionsC．surroundingsD．statistics

40．A．heavilyB．widelyC．deeplyD．highly

41．A．supportedB．recoveredC．createdD．removed

42．A．plannedB．regardedC．tradedD．applied

43．A．ofB．forC．inD．on

44．A．WhenB．WhileC．BecauseD．If

45．A．confidentB．doubtfulC．uncertainD．fearful

（2023·全国·高二专题练习）Foraslongasthere’vebeencarsandplanes,someonehasbeentryingtocombinethetwo.ThisItalian____46____wasbuiltinthe1940s.Thetroubleis,they’veneverbeenreally____47____,butnowthingscouldbeabouttochange.AndyWall,SalesDirector,PAL-Vsaid,“So,wehadtostop____48____,andwearenowattheverylaststageofprocessingtheregulationswithinpermissionsforflightwiththis____49____.So…It’sgettingso____50____.“ThePAL-VLibertyismadebyaDutchcompanywhichisnearingtheendofthelongprocesstogeteverythinglicensedand____51____.

Thequestionis,whoisgoingtobuyoneWell,they’vealreadygotlotsof____52____.MarcovandenBosch,ChiefCommercialOfficer,PAL-Vtoldus,“Thisisthe____53____waytobecomeapilot.There’salwaysasmallJamesBondseatineveryheartofeveryguyandeverygirl,sothat’swherewe’re____54____to.”

Ittakeslessthantenminutestoturnitfromaplanetoacar._____55_____,isn’titYoucould_____56_____itatanyairfieldandthendrivehome.Ifyouwantto_____57_____oneofthese,it’sgoingtocostyou?300,000.Itsounds_____58_____butprobablyitwillbeanewmotoringandairtravelrevolutionifyouwanttobeattheforefrontofwhatthey’repromising.You’llneedaprivatepilot’s_____59_____intheUK,butyoucanlearnbothhereinCoventryandinOxford.There’vebeenmanyfalsestartsinbringingaflyingcartomarket.Nextyear,theybelieve,iswhenyoumay_____60_____onedrivingalongastreetnearyou.

46．A．toyB．modelC．equipmentD．network

47．A．portableB．nativeC．attractiveD．practical

48．A．dreamingB．workingC．cheeringD．wandering

49．A．carB．vehicleC．planeD．diploma

50．A．interestingB．riskyC．closeD．enjoyable

51．A．designedB．exchangeC．forbiddenD．approved

52．A．giftsB．opportunitiesC．ordersD．goods

53．A．fastestB．slowestC．funniestD．oldest

54．A．skatingB．removingC．returningD．selling

55．A．DangerousB．AmazingC．UnbearableD．Grateful

56．A．findB．landC．rentD．arrange

57．A．purchaseB．witnessC．inventD．name

58．A．alittleB．reasonableC．alotD．possible

59．A．ticketB．theoryC．invitationD．license

60．A．imagineB．suggestC．seeD．appreciate

（2023·高二课时练习）Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople’slivesamazingly.Motorcars____61____ahundredmilesinmorethananhour,aircraftcrosstheworldwithinaday,whilecomputersoperateatlightningspeed.Indeed,thisloveof____62____seemsnever-ending.Everyyearmotorcarsareproducedwhichgoevenfasterandeachnewcomputerboasts(吹嘘)of____63____precioussecondsinhandlingtasks.

Allthesesavetime,butatacost.Whenweloseor____64____halfadayinspeedingacrosstheworldinanairplane,ourbodiestellusso.Wegettheuncomfortablefeelingknownasjet-lag(时差).Ourbodiesfeelthattheyhavebeen____65____behindinanothertimezone.Again,spendingtoolongat____66____resultsinpainfulwrists(手腕)andfingers.Mobilephonesalsohavetheirdangers:toomuchusemaytransmitharmful____67____intoourbrains.

However,howdowe____68____thetimewehavesavedCertainlynotrelax,orsoitseems.Wearesousedtoconstantactivitythatwefindit____69____tositdownanddonothingorevenjustonethingata____70____.Perhapsthedaysarelonggonewhenwemightlisten____71____toastoryontheradio,lettingimaginationtakeusintoanotherworld.

Therewasatimewhensomepeople’slivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivation(耕作)ofthe____72____orthecareofcattle.Nomulti-taskingthere;theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace.Thereismuchthatwemightenvyabouta____73____oflifelikethis.Yetbeforewedoso,wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestors____74____.Modernmachineshave____75____peoplefromthatprimitive(原始的)existence.

61．A．exploreB．getC．coverD．fly

62．A．speedB．timeC．productD．distance

63．A．wastingB．losingC．savingD．spending

64．A．earnB．dropC．missD．gain

65．A．leftB．comeC．forgottenD．felt

66．A．shipsB．airplanesC．computersD．cars

67．A．preventionB．radiationC．combinationD．damage

68．A．controlB．handleC．doD．deal

69．A．uncomfortableB．easyC．difficultD．good

70．A．secondB．dayC．yearD．time

71．A．activelyB．quietlyC．quicklyD．curiously

72．A．surfaceB．waterC．landD．island

73．A．wayB．viewC．pathwayD．point

74．A．expressedB．chargedC．inspiredD．faced

75．A．freedB．remainedC．keptD．cleared

（2023春·广东深圳·高一深圳市高级中学校考期中）Inmanyways,GitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-old,livelyandchatty,yetherscientificspiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonth,she____76____thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScicntistChallengeforherinvention.

What____77____Gitanjali’sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchleadinitswater.”Theideadidn’t____78____tomeuntilIsawmypatentstrytodowatertests.Theteststripsmayshowinaccurateresults,whichweren’tvery____79____.”Sherecalls.Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand____80____foundthatcarbonnanotube(纳米管)sensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali____81____tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.Afreeapp,whichGitanjalidesignedunder____82____fromhercomputerscienceteacher,givesinstant____83____andsendsthedatatoalinkedphonethroughanattacheddevice.

Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn’talways____84____,though.KathleenShafer,ascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer,_____85_____alongtheway.Intheawardceremony,Gitanjalialso_____86_____herparentswithconstantsupportand_____87_____totry“crazyideas”.Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat_____88_____ofwinningthecontest.AccordingtoShafer,who_____89_____Gitanjali,“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve_____90_____issuesthroughscience”.

76．A．earnedB．designedC．offeredD．made

77．A．exposedB．improvedC．definedD．inspired

78．A．stickB．belongC．occurD．apply

79．A．simpleB．reliableC．predictableD．creative

80．A．eventuallyB．immediatelyC．temporarilyD．initially

81．A．managedB．promisedC．pretendedD．happened

82．A．observationB．commandC．instructionD．control

83．A．accessB．resultsC．decisionsD．approval

84．A．optionalB．completeC．continuousD．smooth

85．A．changedB．helpedC．risked.D．followed

86．A．stressesB．creditsC．impressesD．provides

87．A．encouragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure

88．A．fortuneB．intentionC．honorD．potential

89．A．keepswithB．getsalongwithC．takescareofD．speakshighlyof

90．A．commercialB．academicC．practicalD．systematic

参考答案：

1．B2．D3．A4．C5．D6．A7．C8．D9．B10．C11．B12．A13．C14．D15．B

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Gitanjali获得探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛最高奖一事。

1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，她的发明获得了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的最高奖。A.designed设计；B.earned挣得、赢得；C.offered提供；D.made制作。根据“thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge”可知，此处指获奖，eared符合语境。故选B项。

2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：启发Gitanjali工作的是，她的城市面临着水中铅含量过高的紧急情况。A.exposed暴露；B.improved提升；C.defined定义；D.inspired鼓舞、激励、启发。根据“What____2____Gitanjali’sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchlead(铅)initswater.”可知，她的城市面临着水中铅含量过高的问题，这是她的发明的灵感来源，此处应是“启发”，inspired符合语境。故选D项。

3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我看到父母试着做水测试，我才有了这个想法。A.occur出现、发生；B.belong属于；C.stick刺、坚持；D.apply申请、应用。根据“Theideadidn’t____3____tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.”可知，直到父母试着做水测试才有了这个想法，occurtosb为固定搭配，表示“某人突然想到”。故选A项。

4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试纸可能会显示不准确的结果，这不是很可靠。A.simple简单的；B.predictable可预测的；C.reliable可靠的；D.creative创新的、有创造力的。根据前面的“inaccurateresults”可知，不准确的结果说明不可靠，reliable符合语境。故选C项。

5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，她不断努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感知化学物质。A.initially开始、起初；B.immediately立即、马上；C.temporarily临时地、暂时地；D.eventually最终、最后。根据“Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedefforts”可知，她不断努力寻找合适材料，最后发现了碳纳米管传稿器，eventually符合语境。故选D项。

6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在学校用3d打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，里面有电脑芯片和电池。A.managed管理、设法做成；B.promised承诺；C.pretended假装；D.happened发生、碰巧。根据“Gitanjali____6____tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.”可知，应该是“设法”在学校建造了一个蓝色的小房子，managetodo为固定短语，表示“设法做成某事”。故选A项。

7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个连接的手机上。A.observation观察；B.command命令；C.instruction指示、指导；D.control控制。根据“whichGitanjalidesignedunder____7____fromhercomputerscienceteacher”可知，应该是在老师的“指导下”，instruction符合语境。故选C项。

8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，通过一个附加设备将数据发送到一个连接的手机上。A.sustainable可持续的；B.permanent永久的；C.blank空白的；D.attached附属的。根据“sendsthedatatoalinkedphone”可知，应该是通过一个“附加”设备发送数据，attached符合语境。故选D项。

9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，设计项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺。A.optional可选择的、选修的；B.smooth平坦的、流畅的；C.continuous连续的；D.complete完全的、完整的。根据“Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn’talways____9____,though.”可知，此处与上文存在转折关系，应指过程并非总是很顺利，smooth符合语境。故选B项。

10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家KathleenShafer是Gitanjali暑期的搭档老师，她一直在帮助她。A.seized抓住；B.risked冒险；C.helped帮助；D.followed跟随。根据“asherteacher”可知，既然是搭档老师，应该是“帮助”她，helped符合语境。故选C项。

11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持和鼓励，让她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A.stresses强调；B.owes亏欠、归功于；C.impresses使印象深刻；D.guarantees保证。根据“Gitanjalialso____11____hersuccesstoherparents’constantsupportand____12____totry“crazyideas”可知，应该是将她的成功“归因于”父母的支持和鼓励，oweto为固定短语，表示“归功于”。故选B项。

12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，Gitanjali还将自己的成功归功于父母不断的支持和鼓励，让她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A.encouragement鼓励；B.request要求、请求；C.struggle奋斗、斗争；D.pressure压力。根据“herparents’constantsupportand____12____totry“crazyideas”可知，应该是父母的支持和鼓励，encouragement符合语境。故选A项。

13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gitanjali获得了25,000美元，用于进一步发展她的项目，并获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。A.fortune命运、财富；B.intention意图、打算；C.honor荣誉；D.potential潜力。根据“Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat____13____ofwinningthecontest.”可知，应该是赢得比赛的“荣誉”，honor符合语境。故选C项。

14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Shafer高度评价了Gitanjali，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的极大动力。”A.keepsupwith赶上、保持联系；B.getsalongwith与……和睦相处；C.takescareof照顾、看护；D.speakshighlyof高度赞扬。根据后面的话“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve____15____issuesthroughscience”可知，Shafer对Gitanjali的评价很高，speakshighlyof表示“高度赞扬”。故选D项。

15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shafer高度评价了Gitanjali，他说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的极大动力。”A.commercial商业的；B.practical实际的；C.symbolic有象征意义的；D.dynamic充满活力的、精力充沛的。根据“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve____15____issuesthroughscience”和上文内容可知，Gitanjali研究的东西用于解决水中铅含量过高的问题，这属于“实际问题”，practical符合语境。故选B项。

16．D17．B18．C19．A20．A21．D22．A23．D24．C25．B26．C27．A28．B29．A30．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种类似于“会飞的汽车”的新思路——载人无人机，详细阐述了其面临的各种技术难题，指出这种技术的实现还要走很长的路。

16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着中国EHANG和优步（Uber）等几家初创企业正在研发所谓的“无人驾驶飞机”，飞行汽车的梦想可能很快就会成真。无人驾驶飞机的尺寸足够大，可以在市内运送乘客，从而将通勤时间从数小时缩短到几分钟。A.simplify简化；B.adjust调整，校对；C.estimate估计；D.shrink缩小。根据“fromhourstominutes.”可知，此处是指缩短时间。故选D。

17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乍一看，载人无人机听起来并不比飞行汽车更现实。A.magical有魔力的；B.realistic现实的；C.appealing有吸引力的；D.worthwhile值得的。根据下文“Untilrecently,inventorshadneverbeenableto3automobilesandaircraftinapracticalway.”可知，载人无人机听起来不太现实。故选B。

18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最近，发明家们还无法以实际的方式将汽车和飞机结合起来。A.imitate模仿；B.design设计；C.marry嫁，娶，使……结合；D.divide分开。根据上文“human-carryingdrones”可知，载人无人机是把汽车和飞机结合起来。故选C。

19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些公司一直在坚持这一点：例如，沃伯恩自2023年以来一直在开发Transition，一种类似于小型飞机的“可行驶飞机”，可以折叠机翼并在公路上行驶。A.resembles像；B.outperforms胜过，做得比……好；C.challenges挑战；D.personalizes个性化。根据“roadableaircraft”推知，这种设备像小型飞机。故选A。

20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实证明，在每个车库里都有一辆私人飞行汽车是一项艰难的销售，因为要求普通通勤者训练驾驶执照并驾驶飞机上天，存在严重的安全问题。A.tough艰难的，棘手的；B.real真的；C.evil邪恶的；D.huge巨大的。根据下文“asthereareserioussafetyconcernsaboutaskingtheaveragecommutertotrainforapilot’slicenseandtaketotheskies.”可知，要让每家人的车库里都有一辆私人飞机是很艰难的销售。故选A。

21．考查介词短语辨析。句意：相比之下，客运无人机将自动运行，并将“可行驶”的部分抛在后面，取而代之的是现有的更大版本的飞机。A.inaddition此外；B.forexample例如；C.onthewhole总的来看，大体上；D.bycontrast相较而言。结合上文可知，此处是把passengerdrone和personalflyingcar作对比。故选D。

22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这牺牲了升力和飞行性能，以换取机械简单性和更轻的重量因素，从而降低了操作成本。A.sacrifices牺牲；B.strengthens加强；C.balances使……平衡；D.controls控制。根据上文“Passengerdronedesignsfavor“distributedelectricpropulsion(推进),”meaninginsteadofonelargerotorpoweredbyalargeenginetheyhavemultiplepropellerseachpoweredbyitsown,smallermotor.”可知，这种设计减轻了飞机本身的重量，因此是用牺牲升力和飞行能力来换取取机械简单性和更轻的重量。故选A。

23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更安静的电力将使城市居民可以忍受噪音，但这种车辆能承受多大的重量，以及能承受多长时间，还有待观察。A.immune免疫的；B.unknown不为人知的；C.relevant相关的；D.tolerable可容忍的。根据“Quieterelectricpower”可知，更安静的电力使噪音变得可以忍受。故选D。

24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于任何这些车辆，安全是最大的问题，并延伸到飞机和驾驶它们的自动化系统。A.contributes贡献；B.appeals吸引，上诉，呼吁；C.extends延伸，伸出；D.adapts适应，改编。结合语境可知，此处是指安全问题还延伸到飞机和它的自动化系统。故选C。

25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：需要先进的人工智能来驾驶大量的自动驾驶飞机，而不会撞到其他飞机，比如当地新闻频道的交通直升机。A.plunging用力插入；B.crashing碰撞，发出巨响；C.blowing吹；D.splitting使……分裂，撕裂。根据上文“Withanyofthesevehicles,safetyisthebiggestconcern”可知，本段讨论的是安全问题，因此此处是指自动驾驶飞机不能撞到其他飞机。故选B。

26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把人从A点带到B点似乎很简单，但即使是最好的人工智能也会遇到意外：例如，如果着陆区突然变得不可用，无人机会做什么？卡耐基梅隆大学机器人研究员桑吉夫·辛格问道。A.encounters偶遇；B.locations位置；C.surprises惊喜，意外的情况；D.differences区分，不同。根据“What,forexample,wouldadronedoifalandingareasuddenlybecameunavailable”可知，此处是指万一遇到意外情况，无人机会采取什么措施。故选C。

27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建议首先在无人货运中测试必要的人工智能，并在早期客运服务中采用“混合模式”方法，由人工智能副驾驶员协助驾驶员，而不是跳到全自动客运无人机。A.leaping跳跃；B.tending照料，倾向于；C.pointing指；D.applying申请，应用，涂抹。根据“hesuggestsfirsttestingthenecessaryAIinunmannedcargo(货物)runs,andadoptinga“mixedmode”approachinearlypassengerserviceswherepilotsareassistedbyAIco-pilots.”可知，此处是指一开始不能完全跳入全自动客运无人机这种运载方式，而是要循序渐进。且下文“ratherthanvertical(垂直的)leap.”也是提示。故选A。

28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：撇开技术挑战不谈，推广这项技术的初创企业必须找到一种方法来说服公众让他们的无人机试试，这需要比坐上自动驾驶汽车后座更大的信心。A.disorder紊乱；B.backseat后座；C.doubt怀疑；D.flow流。根据“gettinginto”和“aself-drivingcar”可知，此处是指坐上无人驾驶汽车（的后座）。故选B。

29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：米国国际直升机协会执行董事迈克·赫希伯格表示，无人驾驶飞机制造商“显然仍处于技术开发和基础设施改进的孵化阶段”。A.basics基本原理，基本原则；B.figures数字，人物；C.solutions解决方案；D.effects影响，效果。根据“intheincubation(孵化)stagesoftechnologydevelopment”可知，此处是指无人驾驶飞机制造商仍然出于技术开发和改进基础的阶段。故选A。

30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但二三十年后的生活可能会有点像《杰森一家》，你可以利用三维空间，有更多的流动性，尤其是在地面交通拥堵的城市近距离区域。A.atmosphere氛围，大气；B.concentration专注，集中；C.dependence依赖；D.mobility移动性，流动性。根据“youtakeadvantageofthethirddimension”可知，此处是指有了更多的流动性。故选D。

31．C32．B33．A34．D35．B36．D37．A38．D39．C40．A41．C42．B43．C44．B45．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浙江实验室的科学家们正在开发的先进的传感器以及智能传感技术。

31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：理解视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉这五种感官仍然是科学的前沿领域。A.feelings感觉，触觉；B.organs器官；C.senses感官，感觉官能；D.emotions情绪。根据空后的“sight,hearing,touch,smell,andtaste”可知此处指视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉这五种感官。故选C。

32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了探索这些过程，研究人员经常尝试模拟自然。A.balance保持平衡，权衡；B.model复制，模仿；C.enjoy享受；D.change改变。由下文“thelateCornellUniversitypsychologistFrankRosenblattcopiedthewiringandprocessinginafly’seyetobuildadevicefilledwithamazeofwiresandelectronics”可知句中指研究人员模拟大自然。故选B。

33．考查短语辨析。句意：例如，20世纪50年代，康奈尔大学已故心理学家FrankRosenblatt模仿苍蝇眼睛中的布线和处理过程，制造了一个充满迷宫般的电线和电子器件的设备，称为感知器。A.forinstance例如；B.suchas比如；C.bycontrast相比之下；D.inreality事实上。句意分析可知，此句是举例说明上文所阐述的内容“Toexploretheseprocesses,researchersoftentryto____2____nature.”，空后是一个完整的句子，forinstance符合句意。故选A。

34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的研究，现在由先进的计算提供动力，正在创造一个名为智能传感的新研究领域，在中国杭州的之江实验室有许多科学家在探索这个领域。A.designed设计；B.highlighted突出，强调；C.programmed编写程序，设置；D.called给……取名，把……唤作。由下文“intelligentsensing”可知这个新的研究领域被称为智能传感。故选D。

35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的研究，现在由先进的计算提供动力，正在创造一个名为智能传感的新研究领域，在中国杭州的浙江实验室有许多科学家在探索这个领域。A.produce生产，制造；B.explore探究，探索；C.discover发现；D.find找到，发现。由句中“arecreatinganewfieldofstudy__4__intelligentsensing”可知，智能传感是一个新的研究领域，需要探索。故选B。

36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：浙江实验室智能传感研究所所长刘旭说：“智能传感是一种模仿人类感知周围物体和环境的感知模式的新技术。”A.control控制，掌管；B.investigate调查；C.affect影响；D.perceive感知，认为。由句中“anewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmode”可知，智能传感是一种模仿人类感知周围物体和环境的感知模式的新技术。故选D。

37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类的视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉都有自己的神经网络，它们都以特定的方式计算。A.vision视觉；B.contact联系，接触；C.movement移动；D.knowledge知识。由第一段中“Makingsenseofthefive____1____—sight,hearing,touch,smell,andtaste—remainsaforefrontfieldinscience.”可知，此处指人类视觉。故选A。

38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅是机械的感知过程，而且是物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合，形成了人类对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。A.competence能力；B.communication交流，通讯；C.comparison比较；D.combination结合体，结合。根据上文“Intelligentsensingisanewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmodethroughwhichhumans____6____surroundingobjectsandtheenvironment”以及空后的“thatformsahuman’sknowing,learningandunderstandingtheir____9____”可知，此处指物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合。故选D。

39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅是机械的感知过程，而且是物理感知、神经信息处理和大脑识别的结合，形成了人类对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。A.structures结构；B.solutions解决方案；C.surroundings周围环境，周围事物；D.statistics统计数字。根据上文“Intelligentsensingisanewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmodethroughwhichhumans____6____surroundingobjectsandtheenvironment,”可知此处指形成对周围环境的认知、学习和理解。故选C。

40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器，例如由传统数字传感器创建的所谓智能传感器。A.heavily在很大程度上，大量地；B.widely普遍地，广泛地；C.deeply非常，深刻地；D.highly非常，高度地。根据句中“suchasso-calledsmartsensors____11____fromaconventionaldigitalsensor”以及下文“‘Thesekindsofsensorswillsoonenterthemarket,buttheycanonlybe____12____asinitialtypesofintelligentsensors,’Liusays,becauseevensmartersensorsare___13___development.”可知，智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器。故选A。

41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：智能传感的进步在很大程度上依赖于更先进的传感器，例如由传统数字传感器创建的所谓智能传感器。A.supported支持；B.recovered恢复，重新获得；C.created创造，建立；D.removed移开，去除。根据句意以及上文“Advancesinintelligentsensingrely___10___onmoreadvancedsensors”可知所谓的智能传感器是在传统的数字传感器基础上发明的。故选C。

42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这些类型的传感器将很快进入市场，但它们只能被视为智能传感器的初始类型，”刘说，因为更智能的传感器还在开发中。A.planned计划，打算；B.regarded将……认为，把……视为；C.traded做买卖，互相交换；D.applied申请，使用。由“becauseevensmartersensorsare____13____development”可知很快进入市场的这些传感器只能被看作是智能传感器的初始类型，beregardedas“被看作，被视为”符合句意。故选B。

43．考查介词词义辨析。句意：“这些类型的传感器将很快进入市场，但它们只能被视为智能传感器的初始类型，”刘说，因为更智能的传感器还在开发中。A.of属于；B.for（表示对象、用途等）给，为了；C.in在……内，在……中；D.on在……之上，关于。由句中“Thesekindsofsensorswillsoonenterthemarket,buttheycanonlybe___12___asinitialtypesofintelligentsensors”以及下文“researcherscanbe___1