中考英语阅读理解解题技巧(广东版)课件

中考英语阅读理解解题技巧(广东版)中考英语阅读理解解题技巧(广东版)近四年广东省卷阅读理解的统计与分析事实细节猜测词义推理判断概括主旨/题目数学计算2011A篇：40100B篇：112102012A篇：20201B篇：21012013A篇：50000B篇：310102014A篇：30200B篇：21110近四年广东省卷阅读理解的统计与分析事实细节猜测词义推理判断概近四年省卷阅读理解的统计与分析C篇：技巧：划出左栏的关键字，一一与右栏的内容配对，找出最符合的答案。年份内容2011根据宠物启事，寻找自家的宠物2012根据病人的健康问题，选择合适的专科医生2013根据每个人的需求，选择合适的商品。2014根据每个人的兴趣描述，选择适合的网站近四年省卷阅读理解的统计与分析C篇：年份内容2011根据宠主旨大意型事实细节型

词义猜测型命题类有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种:推理判断型主旨大意型事实细节型词一、主旨大意题（除法干扰项）干扰项1

可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。干扰项2

可能属从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。干扰项3

可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。这类题型的正确答案，一般来说不会在文中直接找到，需要根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。但在选项中也不免出现一些干扰项，例如：一、主旨大意题（除法干扰项）干扰项1可能属文中某1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummar-izethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?6)What’sthebesttitle

ofthepassage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:1)Whatdoesthewritermainly例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.例题：Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。

Itisgoodnewsthatonth1、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.

FirstBarbieShopinShanghai

B.

Barbie’sPastandpresent

C.

Barbie’s53rdBirthdayParty

D.

BarbieLostHerMagic技巧：1、先了解文章的主要意思，大概是说了什么事情。2、根据每段的段落大意（开头前面几句），总结归纳文章的主旨3、利用排除法，排除掉干扰项1、Whatisthebesttitleofth例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetiotionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.干扰项3例题：干扰项3Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。

干扰项1干扰项2Itisgoodnewsthatonth

文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。

提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why

等。事实细节型

解题原则：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关1）Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?2）Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?3）Theauthor(orthepassage)statesthat___.4）Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：1）Whichofthefollowingstate例题2.Barbie’sfamilynameis______.A.Roberts B.millicent C.Shepherd D.Bratz3.Barbie’stroubleisthat__________.A.itwearsheavymakeupandminiskirts.B.otherdollsaremorepopularwithlittlegirls.C.otherdollsaretryingtobeatherinthemarket.D.ithasbecomelesspopularintheinternationalmarket.例题2.Barbie’sfamilynameis__例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.例题：Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。

Itisgoodnewsthatonth

同义法

常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。

反义法

如hotandcold,giveandreceive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。

释义法

对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。词义猜测型

情景推断法、代词替代法等同义法常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or判断词义1）文中找线索或信息词;2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。做题要领判断词义1）文中找线索或信息词;做题要领例题4、What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinewords

“fashiondesigners”inthepassage?A.珠宝设计师 B.发型设计师 C.舞台设计师 D.服装设计师例题4、What’sthemeaningofthe例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetiotionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.例题：Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingupinJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。

关键线索：makenewdressesItisgoodnewsthatonth

推理判断题：高考重头戏，20个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。

以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论（非考生观点），客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。推理判断型

透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。推理判断题：高考重头戏，20个题中常有6-8个推理判断题

既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含推理判断型常见的命题方式有：Thepassageimplies(暗示)

that_______.Wecanconclude(得出结论)

fromthepassagethat_____.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred

(推论)?Whatisthetone(语气)

oftheauthor?Whatisthepurpose(目的)

ofthispassage?Thepassageisintendedto_____.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?

推理判断型常见的命题方式有：

例题

AlmosteveryChinesepersoncanrecitethetwolinesofthefamouspoem,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).”Butsadly,manyofusdon’tactuallygettherealmeaningoftheselines:Don’twastefood.ACCTVprogram,NewsOnePlusOne,reportedthatthefoodChinesepeoplethrowawayeveryyearisenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoomuchfood?Ofcoursenot.AccordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgram,therewere925millionhungrypeoplearoundtheworldin2010,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Sixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.Chinesepeoplearewellknownforbeinghospitable(好客的)andgenerous.Manyevenfeelthattheylosefaceiftheirguestshaveeatenallthefoodonthetable.

练习题解释P5例题练习题解释P5Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LastNovember,LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinNanjing,gotfiredbecauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.Manypeoplestoodbyhersideandcriticized(批评)thewasteoffood.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylivestowastelessfood?Herearesometips:1.Donotordertoomuchinarestaurant.Onlyorderasmuchasyouwanttoeat.Ifyoucannoteatallthefoodyouordered,taketherestofithome.2.Don’tbetoopicky(挑剔的)aboutfood.Somefoodmaynottastegreat,butyourbodyneedsit.3.Keepaneyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don’tbuytoomuch,especiallyforvegetablesandfruit.Luckily,anumberofpeople4.Accordingtothepassage,weshouldn’twastefoodbecause________.A.foodcomesfromveryhardworkB.sixmillionchildrendieofhungereverydayC.thereisenoughfoodtofeedallthepeopleD.Chinesearehospitableandgenerous答案：A判断依据：AlmosteveryChinesepersoncanrecitethetwolinesofthefamouspoem,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).”Butsadly,manyofusdon’tactuallygettherealmeaningoftheselines:Don’twastefood.4.Accordingtothepassage,w练习1（2014中考题）Tous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butinfacttheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainsttherain.Itsfirstusewasasashade(遮蔽)againstthesun.Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandpower(权力).IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.事实细节事实细节词义猜测关键线索：suchasthekingorqueens练习1（2014中考题）Tous,itInEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.TheumbrellawasincommonuseinancientGreece,butitisbelievedthatthefirstpeopleinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.DuringthemiddleagesinEurope,theuseoftheumbrellaalmostdisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitbecameasymbolofpower.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythattheumbrellasforwomenbegantobemadeinallkindsofcolors.判断推理InEurope,theGreekswe1.Ancientpeoplefirstusedumbrellasas____.A.asymbolofhonorB.protectionagainstthesun C.asymbolofpowerD.protectionagainsttherain2.Accordingtothepassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstusedinancient______.A.Egypt. B.Babylon C.Rome D.China1.Ancientpeoplefirstusedu3.Theunderlinedwordroyalmightmean_inChinese.A.皇室的 B.富裕的 C.中产的 D.平民的4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.TheancientGreeksusedtheumbrellaintheirdailylife.B.Europeanshardlyusedtheumbrelladuringthemiddleages.C.Theumbrellasforwomenweremadecolorfulinancienttimes.D.Thestyleoftheumbrellahasn'tchangedalotsinceitwasinvented5.Thispassageismainlyabout_____.A.thesalesoftheumbrella B.thedifferencesamongumbrellasC.theinventionoftheumbrella D.thehistoryandtheuseoftheumbrella3.Theunderlinedwordroyalm练习二

DreamcultureisanimportantpartofancientChineseculture.Dreaminterpreting（理解）ispopularinChina,andthemostfamousreferencefordreaminterpretingisthebookofDukeofZhouInterpretsDreams.AncientChinesepeoplethoughtthatdreamscouldsuggestluckyandunluckythings.Sincedifferentdreamshavedifferentmeanings,peoplecangetmeaningsofgoodorbadluckbyinterpretingthem.Actually,dreaminterpretingisnottotallyasuperstition.Itdoeshavesomescientificvalue.Dreamsarethereflectionofthefacts.Manydreamsareactuallysomethingaboutwhathappenedinthedaytime.Thiskindofdreamcanbeeasilyunderstoodwithoutdreaminterpreting.练习二Dreamcultureisan

Dreamsarethebody’sself-implication(自我暗示).TraditionalChinesemedicalsciencesaysthatdreamsareconnectedwiththehealthconditionofhumans’bodies.WhenYinandYangareimbalanced,dreamscomeintobeing.Ifsomeonedreamtthatheorshewasroastedbyabigfire,itshowsheorshemighteasilygetangryornervous.Dreamsareusuallydifferentfromthefacts.Itmeansthatthingswilldevelopintheoppositedirectionwhentheybecomeworse.Tosomedegree,DukeofZhouInterpretsdreamsisscientificallyreasonable.Overthousandsofyearshaspassed,thebookstillhasmanysecretswaitingforustoexplore.Dreamsarethebody’sself-im1.Accordingtothepassage,WeknowthebookofDukeofZhouInterpretsDreamsis______________.A.themostfamousreferencefordreaminterpretingB.aninterestingstorybookC.anactionmovieD.abeautifulplace2.Whatdidtheancientchinesepeoplethinkofthedreams?A.TheyareluckyB.TheyareunluckyC.TheyareunluckyorunluckyD.Theyaresuperstitions3.Theunderlinedword“reasonable”means“___________”inChinese.A.合理的B.负责人的C.正确的D.认真的1.Accordingtothepassage,W4.Accordingtothepassage,Overthousandsofyearshaspassed,thebook---DukeofZhouInterpretsdreamsstillhas_____waitingforustoexplore.A.moneyB.secretsC.timeD.position5.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.TherearenosecretsinthebookDukeofZhouInterpretsDreams.B.Ifsomeonedreamtthathewasroastedbyabigfire,itshowsheorshemightgethappy.C.DreamcultureisanimportantpartofmodernChineseculture.D.DukeofZhouInterpretsDreamsisabookaboutdreaminterpreting.4.Accordingtothepassage,O练习三：AbouttenyearsagowhenIwasastudentatcollege,Ispentmysummerholidaysworkingatamuseuminmysparetime.Lifewashardformethen.DadhadlosthisjobandMumwassickinbed.IwaswonderingifIwouldbeabletogoonwithmystudythenextterm.OnedaywhileIwasworkinginthegiftshop,Isawanelderlycouplecomeinwithalittlegirlinawheelchair(轮椅).AsIlookedcl