山西省大同市2020届高三第一次联考英语试题含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精山西省大同市2020届高三第一次联考英语试题含解析山西省大同市2020届高三年级第一次联合考试（市直）英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALastyearmarkedthe100thanniversaryoftheendofWorldWarI。Therewereeventsaroundtheworldinmemoryofthosewhodiedintheconflict。WehavepickedoutthreeoftheminEuropeancountries。Let’stakealook.BelgiumInapark,thefamousBelgianartistKoenVanmechelenhadanexhibitioncalledComingWorld，RememberMe。Theworkconsistedof600,000individual（个别的）claysculptures，oneforeachpersonkilledduringtheWorldWar.Inthecenteroftheexhibitionwasabigeggmadeofclay,symbolizinganewworld.UKInasmalltowncalledAldridge，almost100housesinonestreetwerecoveredwith24，000poppiesandstatuesofsoldiers.Theystoodforthemenfromtheareawhohadbeenkilledinthewar.TheflowerswerechosenbecauseofapoemwrittenbytheCanadiandoctorJohnMcCreain1915.Theymadepeoplethinkoffieldsofblood。FranceTheBritishartistGuyDenningarrivedinLaFeuille，asmalltowninthenorthwestofFrance，tosticklife-sizedrawingsofsoldierswhonevercamebackhome.Armedwithglueandabrush，Denningstuckhisdrawingscarefullyonwalls.Beforelong112men,mainlyyoungadults，werebroughtbacktomind,ifnottolife。1.WhatdoweknowaboutComingWorld，RememberMe？A.It'sthenameofanexhibition. B。It’safilmaboutWorldWarI.C。It’saworkstandingforpeace. D.It’sasculpturemadeofclay。2。Whywerepoppieschosentosymbolizethedeadsoldiers？A.TheBritishpeoplepreferredthem。 B。Theyshowedthecrueltyofwar.C。ACanadiandoctorsuggestedthem. D。Thefieldswerefilledwiththem。3.HowwastheendofWorldWarImarkedinFrance?A。Amemorialtothedeadsoldierswasbuilt。B。112woundedsoldiersinthewarwerehelped.C。Drawingsofsomedeadsoldierswereputup.D.Youngadultswereencouragedtojointhearmy。【答案】1。A2.B3。C【解析】这是一篇说明文.去年是第一次世界大战结束100周年。世界各地都举行了纪念战争死难者的活动。本文介绍了欧洲的三个国家的是如何进行纪念活动的。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Belgium部分的Inapark,thefamousBelgianartistKoenVanmechelenhadanexhibitioncalledComingWorld，RememberMe.可知,ComingWorld,RememberMe是一个展览的名字，故选A.【2题详解】推理判断题.根据UK部分的TheflowerswerechosenbecauseofapoemwrittenbytheCanadiandoctorJohnMcCreain1915。Theymadepeoplethinkoffieldsofblood.可知,罂粟花被选来象征死去的士兵是因为它们让人想到血泊,想到那些死去的战士，结合所给选项可推断出，它们展示了战争的残酷。故选B.【3题详解】细节理解题。根据France部分的TheBritishartistGuyDenningarrivedinLaFeuille，asmalltowninthenorthwestofFrance，tosticklife-sizedrawingsofsoldierswhonevercamebackhome。可知,在法国,他们是把死去的战士的画像张贴出来。故选C。BAlongsideairandwater，foodisanecessityforhumanbeingstosurviveandthrive。Butit’salotmorethanthat.AsMarietteDichristinaofScientificAmericanwrote：“Themostintimate（亲密的)relationshipwewilleverhaveisnotwithanyfellowhumanbeing.Instead，itisbetweenourbodiesandourfood.”Nowadays，formostpeopleintheworld’swealthiestcountries，foodisahobby,anenthusiasm，andevensomethingfashionable。TurnontheTVintheUS，UKorFrance,andyou’llfindatleastonechannelfeedingthispopularobsession.Andmostofusknowatleastonepersonwhothinksofthemselvesasa“foodie".It’salmostimpossiblenowadaystocheckoursocialmediaappswithoutatleasttwoorthreephotosofdeliciousmealsappearingonourscreen。Butbehindthefancyrecipesandsocialmediabragging(夸耀），manyofusforgethowmuchwetakefoodforgranted.ThisiswhyWorldFoodDayisheldeachyear.TakeKenyaforexample.ThiseastAfricannationhasbeensufferingterribledroughts。Theresultisthatpeoplearebeginningtostarve。Childreninparticulararesuffering,withsomeofthemevendying.Thismayseemshockingtoknow，especiallyasmanyculturesoutsideofAfricathinkoffoodinacompletelydifferentway.ButevenintheUK,familiesonlowincomesareforcedtousefoodbanks—Europeanorganizationsthathandoutdonatedfoodtothosewhocan'taffordtopayforitthemselves.SowhatcanwedoonWorldFoodDay？Onegoodwaytospenditwouldbetofeelhumbleandappreciatewhatwehave.Afterall,foodisessentialforsurvival,butnoteveryoneisasluckyaswearewhenitcomestodinnertime.4。AccordingtoMarietteDichristina，whathastheclosestrelationshipwithus？A.Air。 B。Water.C。Food. D。Humanbeings.5。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“foodie”inParagraph4probablymean?A。Deliciousfood。 B.Apersonfondoffood。C.Asocialmediaapp。 D。Aphotoofdeliciousmeals。6.Whocangethelpfromfoodbanks?A.PoorpeopleintheUK。 B.PoorpeopleinAfrica。C.StarvingchildreninKenya. D。Peopleinthedrought-stricken。7。What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TreatFoodasaHobby B。TimetoAppreciateFoodC。FoodShortageinSomeCountries D。HowtoSpendWorldFoodDay【答案】4.C5。B6.A7。B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。许多人将美食当作嗜好，他们在社交媒体上晒美食照片,享受着美味食品，认为美食是理所当然的。但是他们并没有想到在世界的许多地方人们还忍饥挨饿，这就是世界粮食日成立的原因。珍惜粮食,从我做起。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中MarietteDichristina所写的话“Themostintimate(亲密的)relationshipwewilleverhaveisnotwithanyfellowhumanbeing.Instead,itisbetweenourbodiesandourfood”可知，我们最亲密的关系不是人与人之间的关系，而是我们的身体和食物之间的关系。据此可知，MarietteDichristina认为和我们关系最亲密的是食物。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的第二句It'salmostimpossiblenowadaystocheckoursocialmediaappswithoutatleasttwoorthreephotosofdeliciousmealsappearingonourscreen可知,这些人最喜欢在社交媒体软件上晒美食照片。结合画线词所在句子中的“thinksofthemselvesasa‘foodie'”可以判断,该处画线词指人,故foodie意为“美食爱好者”。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的最后一句ButevenintheUK，familiesonlowincomesareforcedtousefoodbanks—Europeanorganizationsthathandoutdonatedfoodtothosewhocan'taffordtopayforitthemselves可知，即使是在英国，低收入家庭也被迫要使用食物银行。该组织是一个向那些无钱购买食物的人捐赠食物的欧洲组织。据此可知，贫穷的英国人可以获得食物银行的帮助。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，许多人将美食当作嗜好，他们在社交媒体软件上晒美食照片,享受着美味食品，但是他们并没有想到在世界的许多地方人们还忍饥挨饿，这就是世界粮食日成立的原因.据此可知，“到了感激食物的时候了”最能概括文章主旨，故选B。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题。设题时，常会考查生词或短语的词义判断题,要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题2要求猜测出foodie的含义,就是根据后句It'salmostimpossiblenowadaystocheckoursocialmediaappswithoutatleasttwoorthreephotosofdeliciousmealsappearingonourscreen可知,这些人最喜欢在社交媒体软件上晒美食照片.结合画线词所在句子中的“thinksofthemselvesasa‘foodie’”可以判断，该处画线词指人,故foodie意为“美食爱好者”。CTraditionally，robotshavebeenhard，madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot—onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus（章鱼）。DescribedinsciencejournalNature，the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch，rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisminimalsystemwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft，autonomousrobots”thestudy’sauthorswrote.Robotsbuiltforprecise，repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains（地形）orinunpredictableconditions.Andtheyaren’tespeciallysafearoundhumans,becausethey’remadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepotentiallydangeroustotheirusers。Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They'retakeninspirationfromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter。Butcreatingacompletelysoftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone（硅酮)body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower。“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage，itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications，suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexploration,"BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTechnology'CenterforMicro—BioRobotics，wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandqualityoflife。”8.What’sthespecialfeatureof“Octobot”？A。It’ssoft. B。It’smadeofmetal.C.It’sverysmall。 D.Itlookslikeanoctopus.9.What'sthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots？A.They’rehardtocontrol. B.They’retooheavytomove.C.Theycan'tpredictconditions. D。Theycan’tbehavewellallthetime。10。OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOctobot's________。A。siliconebody B.complexcomponentsC.precisemovements D。flexiblepowersource11.What'sthepossibleapplicationof“Octobot"？A。Medicalresearch。 B.Liferescue.C。Machineoperation. D.Housecleaning。【答案】8.A9.D10。D11。B【解析】本文是一篇科普类说明文，文章主要介绍了章鱼机器人的优点和投入应用的可能性。【8题详解】细节理解题。从第一段robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetal，以及段尾hasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot-onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus对比发现可知，Octobot机器人特点是它很柔软.故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。从第三段第一句Robotsbuiltforprecise，repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains（地形）orinunpredictableconditions.及本段内容可知，传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上很好地运行，此外，由于沉重的金属部件，传统机器人可能会对人体产生伤害，据此可推断出,传统机器人的缺点是他们不能一直表现得很好.故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。从倒数第二段,Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮）body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts，suchasasourceofpower。可知，即使工程师利用硅酮制造出了软体机器人的身体，但是制作柔韧性强的关键部件仍然面临巨大的挑战，比如动力来源。据此可知，最大的挑战之一是柔韧性强的动力来源，故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。从文章最后一段“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications，suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexploration,”可知，尽管对软体机器人的开发和研究还处于早期阶段,但它适用于诸如搜索救援和探索等任务,故选B。DWhat’ssmall，buzzeshereandthereandvisitsflowers?Ifyousaidbeesorhummingbirds,yougotit.Youwouldn'tbethefirstifyoumixedthetwoup。Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup.Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too。Scientistsfirstcomparedthetwobackinthe1970swhenstudyinghowanimalssearchforfood.Theideaisthatanimalsuseakindofmathtomakechoicesinordertominimizetheworkittakestoearnmaximumrewards。Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules，liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedrelativetoothers。Itwas“almostlikeanalgorithm(算法)”forefficientsearching,saidDavidPritchard,abiologistattheUniversityofSt.AndrewsinScotland。Hummingbirdsandbeeshadsimilarsolutions.Asthefieldofanimalcognition（认知)appeared，hummingbirdandbeeresearchparted。Neuroscientistsandbehavioralecologistsdevelopedwaystostudybeebehaviorinnaturalisticsettings。Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.Tobefair,hummingbirdsandbeesdiffer。Forexample,hummingbirdshavemoreadvancedeyesandbrainsthanbees.Honeybeesandbumblebeesaresocial;hummingbirdstypicallyaren’t。Buthowevertheyperceive(感知）orprocessinformation，theybothexperiencesimilarinformation，Dr。Pritchardsaid。Inday-to—daysearchingforfood，forexample，hummingbirdsmayrelyonmoreofabee’s—eyeviewthanabird’s-eyeview。Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances,buttheydon'tusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower’soriginallocation。Dr。Pritchardisinvestigatingif,likebees,hummingbirdsengageinviewmatching-hovering,scanningsnapshotsofaplacetoitsmemoryandusingthoseasreferenceslater.12。Whatisthecenterofresearchonhummingbirdsandbeesinthe1970s？A。Memory.B。Movementrules。C。Rewardcalculating.D.Informationprocessing。13.Whichsubject'sresearchmethodswereadoptedtostudythelearningabilityofHummingbirds?A。Math。B。Biology.C。Ecology.D。Psychology。14.Howdoresearchersfindoutthathummingbirdsarenotlikebirds?A.Bysettingthemfree.B。Bymovingflowers。C。Bymatchingview.D。Bymakingmaps。15。Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A.HummingbirdsandBeesB.HummingbirdsintheLabC。NewTrendsinStudyingBeesD。ThinkingofHummingbirdsasBees【答案】12.B13.D14.B15。D【解析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。我们经常把蜂鸟和蜜蜂搞混，然而科学家发现研究蜜蜂的方法可以帮助他们研究蜂鸟的行为。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules，liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedrelativetoothers.可知，当时的研究人员把注意力集中在运动规则上。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题.根据文章第三段中Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.可知，蜂鸟研究者采用心理学的研究方法来研究它们在实验室中学习的能力。故选D.【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容及Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances，buttheydon’tusethesecuestofindflowers。Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower’soriginallocation。可以推断出研究者，是通过移动花而发现蜂鸟不像鸟。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文大意结合第一段中Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup。Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too。两句话可以确定最佳标题为“把蜂鸟看作蜜蜂”.故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项中有两项为多余选项.HowtostayfocusedinclassBeingrelaxedduringclassisabadhabit,anditisalsobadtoyourgrade．Focusinginclassnotonlyprovestoteachersthatyouareacapablestudentbutalsoshowsthatyouhavetheabilitytocontrolyourself，whichwillbeveryimportant．___16___Nomatterhowmuchyouwanttositwithyourfriendsduringtheclass，tryyourbesttoavoidthem．Talkingwithfriendsaroundyouisnotgoingtogiveyouthefocusinclass．Thiswillgetyouintotrouble．Lookatteacherandmakeeyecontact．Yourteacherisnotjuststandinguptheretalking．___17___Showtheteacherthatheorshehasyourfullattentionbylookingthemintheeye．Thispersonshouldhaveyourfullattentionatalltimesduringclass．Takenotes．Bytakingnotes,you'llbeableto”getinto”thelesson．Writedownkeypointsasyourteacherspeaks．Andlistentothekeyphrasessuchas"Thisisimportant””Thisisthemainidea"”Thiswillbethetest"etc．___18___Getinvolvedinclassdiscussions．Thisisawonderfulwaytobecomeamorefocused，successfulstudent．Whenateacherasksaquestion，offertoanswerit．___19___Thisshowstheteacherthatyouarelisteningcarefullyduringtheclass．Askaquestion．___20___Thisreallyshowsyourteacherthatyouwanttobebetter，andcanrecognizethethingsyouarehavingdifficultywith．Chancesarethatsomeoneelseintheclasshasthesamequestion（andwastooafraidtoask!）．They’llberelieved，andsowillyou．A。Avoidsittingwithfriends．BThiscanhelpyoulistenmoreattentively．C.Ifheorsheaskforanopinion,shareyourown．D。Talkingwithfriendsmakesyouloseinterestinclass．E。Heorsheistryingtogiveyouanacceptableeducation．F.Themorequicklyyouanswer,themoreattentionyoupay．G.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething，neverbeafraidtoask．【答案】16。A17。E18。B19。C20。G【解析】这是一篇说明文,简要列举了几条如何在课堂上保持注意力集中的建议.【16题详解】考查上下文推理能力。设空处为本段主题句。从内容上看，本段主要讲课堂上尽量不要与朋友坐在一起，因为与周围的朋友交谈会分散注意力。选项A。Avoidsittingwithfriends(避免和朋友坐在一起）符合题意，故选A项.【17题详解】考查上下文推理能力。根据本段主题句Lookatteacherandmakeeyecontact可知，要跟老师进行眼神交流.设空处顺接上文,进一步说明课堂上老师不仅仅是在讲话，他们其实是在努力让自己的课程得到学生的接受，E项符合语境,故选E。【18题详解】考查上下文推理能力。根据本段小标题可知话题为“做笔记”，再根据设空处上文Bytakingnotes，you'llbeableto”getinto”thelesson．可知课堂上要记笔记，记下老师所讲的重点,设空处置于短尾，总结上文说明这样做的好处,即有利于更专心地听讲，选项B符合语境,故选B。【19题详解】考查上下文推理能力.本段主题是要加人课堂讨论，即当老师提出问题时，要主动回答。如果他或她想知道大家的观点，要敢于分享自己的想法，C项符合语境.故选C。【20题详解】考查上下文推理能力。从内容上看，本段主要讲课堂上要敢于问问题，选项G承接主题句,引起下一句Thisreallyshowsyourteacherthatyouwanttobebetter，andcanrecognizethethingsyouarehavingdifficultywith．，敢于问问题能够让老师明白你追求上进并且了解你的困惑所在，空格后一句中主语This代指选项G。Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething，neverbeafraidtoask（如果你有不明白之处，要敢于发问)的意思，并做出进一步解释，故选G项.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inoneofmycollegeclasses，wewererequiredtodoanactofkindness。Myprojectincluded____21____lunchforanelderlyperson。WhenI____22____theelderlypersonwiththefoodIcooked，itnever____23____tomethatitwouldresultinanewfriendshipandthediscoveryofa____24____。ThepersonIvisitedwasBill,whowasunableto____25____much.Anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchairbecausehehasno____26____.Billsaidhewasdelightedtoseemeanditwasa____27____forhimtoeatamealwithmebecauseheusuallyeats____28____.Hesaidthefoodwasgreat,butheenjoyedhaving____29____evenmorethanthefood.Billhadhada____30____lifewhenworkingontherailroadandhadmany____31____storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplaces.Iwas____32____atripbecauseofhisstories。Ihadonce____33____abouttravelingbytrain。However，Iwould____34____begoingbytrainaftermeetingBill.Perhapsthebiggest____35____ofthisprojectwasthatIsuddenlyrealizedthatIam____36____ofworkingwiththeelderly.Spendingtimewiththemwasfun—theyhavesomuchlifeexperienceto___37___。Ontheonehand，Iamagood____38____.Ontheotherhand,olderpeoplewantsomeonetoknowtheirinnerworld，soitisaperfect____39____.Idecidedtofocusmystudiesonthe____40____.Hopefullyinthefuture,IwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikeBill。21。A。buying B。delivering C。packing D。preparing22。A.calledon B。cameacross C.pickedup D.turnedto23。A。happened B.appealed C.occurred D。proved24。A.travelplan B。careerpath C。holidaydestination D。cookingskill25。A.talk B.eat C。sit D.walk26。A.money B。relatives C。neighbours D。time27.A。treat B.fancy C.privilege D。waste28。A.slowly B。little C。alone D.unhappily29。A.family B.company C。fun D.health30.A。painful B。hopeful C。peaceful D。colorful31.A.adventurous B。fresh C.absorbing D.satisfying32.A。intending B。pretending C.allowing D。requiring33。A.argued B。hesitated C.thought D.cared34.A。unbelievably B。undoubtedly C.unexpectedly D.unhurriedly35。A。aim B。impression C。problem D。bonus36。A.aware B.proud C。fond D.certain37。A。share B.discuss C。treasure D.gain38。A.student B.cook C。learner D。listener39。A。choice B。deal C。match D.game40.A.old B。poor C。disabled D。homeless【答案】21。D22。A23.C24。B25。D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.D31。C32。A33。B34.B35。D36。C37。A38.D39.C40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者读大学时，偶然的一次课程让作者确定了自己未来的职业方向。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我的项目包括为一位老人准备午餐。A。buying买;B.delivering发表；C。packing包装；D.preparing准备，根据WhenI___2___theelderlypersonwiththefoodIcooked可知这里意思是我的项目包括为一位老人准备午餐。故选D.【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我拿着我做的食物去拜访老人的时候，我从来没有想到这会带来一段新的友谊和职业道路的发现。A。calledon拜访;B.cameacross偶然遇到;C.pickedup捡起；D.turnedto转向，根据下文ThepersonIvisitedwasBill可知，这里是“拜访”老人。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我拿着我做的食物去拜访老人的时候，我从来没有想到这会带来一段新的友谊和职业道路的发现。A。happenedto碰巧；B。appealedto呼吁；C.occurredto被想到;D.provedto给…证明，固定句型：itoccurredtosb。that某人突然想到。故选C.24题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:我从来没有想到这会带来新的友谊和职业道路的发现。A。travelplan旅行计划；B。careerpath职业道路；C。holidaydestination假期目的地;D.cookingskill烹饪技能，根据Hopefullyinthefuture,IwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikeBill可知这里意思是我从来没有想到这会带来新的友谊和职业道路的发现。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我拜访的人是Bill，不能走路。A.talk说话;B.eat吃;C.sit坐；D。walk步行,根据下文Anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchair可知Bill不能走路。故选D.【26题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:句意：一个护士经常来帮助他上下轮椅，因为他没有亲属。上文Anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchair说护士定期帮他来来回回移动轮椅,由此可知Bill没有亲戚.A。money钱;B。relatives亲戚；C。neighbours邻居;D。time时间，故选B.【27题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:比尔说他很高兴见到我，和我一起吃饭对他来说是一种乐事,因为他通常一个人吃饭。根据becauseheusuallyeats___8___.可知Bill说他很高兴见到我，他说和我一起吃饭对他来说是一种款待.A。treat款待;B。fancy幻想；C。privilege特权；D.waste浪费，故选A。【28题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：比尔说他很高兴见到我,和我一起吃饭对他来说是一种乐事，因为他通常一个人吃饭。根据上文becausehehasno___6___。说他没有亲戚，所以他一定是经常独自吃饭。A。slowly慢慢地；B。little完全不；C。alone独自;D。unhappily不幸地,故选C。【29题详解】考查名词辨析.句意：他说食物很棒，但他更喜欢有人陪伴，胜过食物.A。family家人；B.company陪伴；C.fun乐趣；D。health健康，故选B.【30题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意:比尔在铁路上工作时过着丰富多彩的生活。根据andhadmany___11___storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplaces。可知Bill在铁路工作时，有着丰富多彩的生活。A.painful痛苦的；B.hopeful有希望的；C。peaceful和平的;D.colorful丰富多彩的，故选D.【31题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：比尔在铁路上工作时过着丰富多彩的生活，有许多引人入胜的故事可以讲述他到许多地方的旅行.根据Iwas___12___atripbecauseofhisstories。可知他有许多讲述他到许多地方旅行的吸引人的故事.A.adventurous爱冒险的;B.fresh新鲜的；C。absorbing吸引人的；D。satisfying令人满意的,故选C。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：因为他的故事,我打算进行一次旅行.A.intending打算；B.pretending假装；C。allowing允许;D.requiring要求，故选A。【33题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我曾经犹豫过乘火车旅行.根据However，Iwould___14___begoingbytrainaftermeetingBill。可知我曾经犹豫乘火车旅行。A。argued争论；B。hesitated犹豫；C.thought想;D.cared关心，故选B。【34题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：然而，我在见过Bill之后，肯定会坐火车去旅行。A。unbelievably难以置信地；B.undoubtedly确实地，毋庸置疑的；C。unexpectedly出乎意料地；D.unhurriedly不慌不忙地，故选B。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：也许这个项目最大的好处是我突然意识到我喜欢和老人一起工作。根据IsuddenlyrealizedthatIam___16___ofworkingwiththeelderly。可知这是我这个项目最大的奖金。A.aim目标；B.impression印象；C。problem问题；D.bonus奖金，故选D.【36题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：也许这个项目最大的好处是我突然意识到我喜欢和老人一起工作.根据Spendingtimewiththemwasfun-theyhavesomuchlifeexperienceto___17___.可知这里意思是我突然意识到我喜欢和老年人一起活动。A.aware意识到;B.proud骄傲的；C。fond喜欢的;D.certain确信的，故选C。【37题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：和他们在一起很有趣-—他们有很多生活经验可以分享。A.share分享；B。discuss讨论；C.treasure财富；D.gain收获，故选A。【38题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：一方面，我是一个好的倾听者。A.student学生；B。cook厨师；C.learner初学者；D。listener倾听者,故选D。【39题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：另一方面,老年人希望有人了解他们的内心世界，所以这是一个完美的匹配。A。choice选择；B。deal处理;C。match匹配;D.game游戏，故选C。【40题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我决定把研究重点放在老年人身上。根据Hopefullyinthefuture,IwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikeBill.可知这里意思是我决定集中研究老年人。A。old古老的；B.poor贫穷的;C.disabled残疾的；D。homeless无家可归的，故选A。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1根据WhenI___2___theelderlypersonwiththefoodIcooked可知这里意思是我的项目包括为一位老人准备午餐。A。buying买;B.delivering发表;C。packing包装；D.preparing准备，故选D。小题10根据andhadmany___11___storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplaces.可知Bill在铁路工作时，有着丰富多彩的生活.A。painful痛苦的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.peaceful和平的;D。colorful丰富多彩的，故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThenumberofHongKongstudentswillingtostudyatChinesemainlanduniversities___41___（reach）arecordhighoverthepasteightyears,___42___moreandmorestudentseyeinginformationtechnology-relatedmajors，aswellaschancestoworkinthemainland。Morethan10,000HongKonghigh—schoolgraduateshaveappliedtouniversitiesintheChinesemainlandin2019，___43___newhighoverthepasteightyears.HongKongstudentscanapplytomainlanduniversitiesviacollegeentranceexams___44___（special）designedfor___45___bytheMinistryofEducationviaaHongKongDiplomaofSecondaryEducation(DSE），also___46___（know）asHongKong’suniversityentranceexamination。AnaLo,aseniorstudentmajoringinenvironmentalscienceatTsinghuaUniversity,___47___alsoparticipatedintheschool’sexchangeactivitiesinHongKong，noticedthegrowingnumberofHongKongstudentsparticipatingintheirpromotionactivitiesand___48___(show）stronginterestinmainlanduniversitiesinthepastthreeyears。InaninterviewwiththeGlobalTimes，Loattributed（把……归因于）theincreasetothefact___49___someuniversitiesinthemainland,suchasTsinghuaUniversity,aregraduallybecomingacceptedbyHongKongstudents，whoarehopingforbetterlivesinthemainland.Apartfromtheincreaseinnumbers，BaiYu,fromthe________50________（admit）officeofWuhanUniversity,noticedthatHongKongstudents'choicesofstudyhavealsochanged。【答案】41.hasreached42。with43.a44。specially45。them46.known47.who48.showing49。that50。admission【解析】这是一篇新闻报道.文章讲述了越来越多的香港学生对大陆大学展示出入学意愿。【41题详解】考查时态。句意:随着越来越多的学生关注信息技术相关专业和在大陆工作的机会，愿意在中国内地大学学习的香港学生人数达到过去八年来的最高记录.根据时间状语“overthepasteightyears”可知，句子使用现在完成时态，主语是thenumber。故填hasreached。【42题详解】考查with复合结构.句意:随着越来越多的学生关注信息技术相关专业和在大陆工作的机会,愿意在中国内地大学学习的香港学生人数达到过去八年来的最高记录.此处为with引导的复合结构：with+宾语+宾补，该句中students是名词作宾语，现在分词短语eyeing…作宾补。故填with.【43题详解】考查冠词。句意:2019年超过10,000名香港高中毕业生申请了中国大陆的大学,在过去八年中达到了一个新高。high在这里是名词,意为“高水平”，此处是泛指，表示“一个新的高水平”。new是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。【44题详解】考查副词。句意:香港学生可以通过教育部专为他们设计的高考报考大陆的大学。修饰过去分词designed使用副词.故填specially.【45题详解】考查人称代词。句意：香港学生可以通过教育部专为他们设计的高考报考大陆的大学。指代前面的students应使用they，作宾语使用宾格形式.故填them。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:beknownas:作为……被熟知,exams与动词know之间为被动关系,应使用过去分词作后置定语.故填known。【47题详解】考查定语从句的引导词.句意：AnaLo是清华大学环境科学专业的高年级学生，也参加了该校在香港的交流活动。逗号后是非限制性定语从句,先行词是AnaLo，指人，它在非限制性定语从句中作主语，因此使用who引导非限定性定语从句.故填who。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：AnaLo注意到在过去的三年中，越来越多的香港学生参加了他们的推广活动,并表现出对内地大学的浓厚兴趣。and连接并列的现在分词短语,即participating…和showing…并列，它们修饰HongKongstudents作后置定语。故填showing.【49题详解】考查从属连词。句意：AnaLo在接受《环球时报》采访时将申请大陆大学的人数增加的原因归于以下事实：大陆的一些大学逐渐被香港学生接受，例如清华大学。that引导同位语从句，解释说明名词fact的内容,从句的语义和成分都是完整的。故填that。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：除了申请人数增加外,武汉大学招生办公室的BaiYu还注意到香港学生的学习选择也发生了变化。名词修饰office作定语，admit的名词是admission.admissionoffice意为“招生办公室"。故填admission.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起）不计分。DearChairman,IamLiHua,an18—year—oldfreshman。Iamveryinterestinthepositioninyourposter.SoI’mwritingtorecommendmyselftoyouasamemberoftheschoolTVstation。Wheninseniorhighschool,Iamalsoajournalistoftheschool’snewspaper，thatiswhyIamgoodatwriting.Thereportswrittenbymeoftenpraisedbymuchofmyfellowschoolmatesandteachers.Inaddition,workingasajournalisthelpsmetogrowasaoutgoing，independentandsociableperson。Moreimportantly，IamverycuriousandenthusiasticaboutwhatishappeninginandaroundourcampusthatIcanalwayskeepitupwiththelatestevents.I'msureIwilldevotemetoworkingintheschoolTVstationwhole-hearted.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.【答案】1.interest→interested2.school’s→school3。that→which4.often前面加are5.much→many6。a→an7.very→so8。去掉it9.me→myself10。whole—hearted→whole-heartedly【解析】【分析】本文是一封求职信，李华写信求职学校电视台的工作,介绍了自己的特长.【详解】1。考查固定短语。句意:我对您海报中的职位非常感兴趣。beinterestedin：对……感兴趣。故将interest改为interested。2。考查名词作定语。句意：在读高中时，我还是校报的记者，这就是我擅长写作的原因。“校报"为schoolnewspaper,school作为名词，修饰newspaper作定语.故将school’s改为school。3。考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在读高中时，我还是校报的记者，这就是我擅长写作的原因。逗号后面是非限制性定语从句,指代前面句子在非限制性定语从句中作主语应使用which.故将that改为which。4.考查语态。句意：我写的报告经常受到很多同学和老师的称赞.句子主语reports和praise之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态.根据上下文语境，可知该句子的时态是一般现在时，主语为reports。故在often前面加are.5。考查代词.句意：我写