山东省济南莱州市2021届高三上学期开学考试英语试题含答案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精山东省济南莱州市2021届高三上学期开学考试英语试题含答案莱州市高三入学测试英语试题注意事项:1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABookYourFieldTriptoPacificScienceCenterAfieldtriptoPacificScienceCenterisatime—honoredtraditionforstudentsofallagesacrossWashingtonState。Ourhands—onexhibits，shows，andcreativeprogramsinspirestudents’curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationmeanttostrengthenyourcurriculumandfuellifelongenthusiasmforscience，math,engineeringandtechnology。ScheduleYourFieldTripToscheduleyourfieldtrip,completetheregistrationrequestformavailableatthelinkHYPERLINK”http：///field—trips/”/field—trips/，orcall（206）443—2925Monday—Fridayfrom8：30a.m。to4：30p。m.notlessthantwoweeksaheadofyourvisitdate.Wewillcontactyouwithintwobusinessdaystosetupyourfieldtrip。NewFall/WinterHoursStartingSeptember3,2020PacSciwillbeclosedonMondaysandTuesdaysexceptforholidaysandweeksduringSeattlePublicSchoolbreaks。Wewillnolongerbebookingfieldtripsonthosedays，aswell。PricingFieldTripPackagesPricePerStudentExhibitsOnly＄9Package1Exhibitspluschoiceofoneexperience$11Package2Exhibitspluschoiceoftwoexperiences＄13Package3Exhibitspluschoiceofthreeexperiences$15Onefreeadultgeneraladmissioniscoveredforevery10paidstudents.FreeadultadmissionexcludesIMAXdocumentary。Theseadultswillbechargeda$4IMAXdocumentaryadmission.Additionaladultsoutsideoftheratio(比例)willbechargedthestudentadmissionrate.PacificScienceCenterMembershipscannotbeappliedtofieldtrips。Paymentisdueoneweekbeforeyouvisit。AvailableExperiences•PlanetariumShows•IMAXDocumentaries•ScienceonaSphereShows•LaserShows1.WhatcanweknowaboutPacificScienceCenter?A。Itisfamousforitstypicalarchitecture.B。It’swherestudentscangetexposedtoscience。C。ItisonlyaccessibletostudentsinWashington。D.Itoffersstudentsfreeclasses。2。If2teachersand10studentswatchexhibitsandIMAXDocumentaries，howmuchwilltheyatleastpay?A。＄125。 B。$118. C。＄127. D.$134。3.Whencanwereserveafieldtripbyphone？A.Onweekends.B。AnyMondayorTuesday。C.Twoworkdaysaheadofthevisittime.D.Atleast14daysbeforetheactualvisit.BAnairlinepassengerensureda20-year—oldmanwasreunitedwithhislostwallet–alongwithalittleextrasomethingtomakeupfortheirtimeapart。HunterShamattfirstlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaFrontierAirlinesflightfromOmahatoattendhissister’sweddinginLasVegasearlierthismonth.Onrealizinghiswalletwaslost，hecontactedtheairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin–buttonoavail.SincethewalletcontainedhisID，asignedpaycheck,hisdebitcard，and$60incash,he“fearedtheworst”。Shortlyaftertheflight,however,Hunterwasshockedtoreceiveapackageinthemailfromanunknownsender。Insidewashiswallet–alongwithanadditional$40incash.“FoundthisonaFrontierflightfromOmahatoDenver-row12，seatFstuckbetweentheseatandwall，"readaletterinthepackage.“Thoughtyoumightwantitback.Allthebest.PS：Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100soyoucouldcelebrategettingyourwalletback.Havefun!”Hunter'smother,Jeannie，postedaphotoofthelettertosocialmediainhopesthattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesenderandthankthemfortheirkindness.AlltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwassentfromAppliedUnderwritersinOmahaandthesender’sinitialsweresigned：“T.B”.TheGoodManwaslateridentifiedasToddBrown，afather-of-fivewhowasdelightedatthechanceto“havealittlefun”withhelpingoutahard—workingstranger.Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogooddeedswithoutanyrecognition,thuswhyhedidn’tsignhisfullnameontheletter,butJeannielaterinsistedonpraisingtheNebraskanativeonsocialmedia.“Itrytoteachmychildrentodotherightthingsinlife,helppeoplewhenyoucandespitetheoutcome，"shewroteonFacebook。“Thisstoryismoreaboutrestoringfaithinpeoplethananything。4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tonoavail”inparagraph2mean？A.Underdiscussion。 B。Invain. C.Beyondbelief。 D.Ataloss.5.WhydidJeannieuploadapictureofthelettertosocialmedia？A。Tothrowlightonthetruth。B。TodrawattentiontoHunter’slostwallet.C。Tofindoutthesendertoexpressgratitude。D。Tosinghighpraiseforthesender'sgenerosity。6。WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBrown?A.Innocent. B.Warm-hearted。 C。Romantic. D.Easy-going。7。Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A。HunterShamatt—aLuckyManB。YoungPassengerReuniteswithSisterC.HelpingNeedyPeopleIsaGreatVirtueD。StrangerReturnsLostWalletwithMoreCashInsideCBeesareessentialforthepollinationofflowers，fruitsandvegetables。Sadly，overthepast15years,theglobalpopulationofthehardworkinginsectshasbeendroppingworldwideatalarmingratesduetolossoffoodandhabitat。Now，Dutchcitiesarecomingupwithcreativeideastohelpstemthepopulationdecreaseoftheseall—importantinsects.InAmsterdam,beescanliveforfreeinspeciallybuilt“hotels”—tallwoodenstructures-acrossthecity。Whiletheymaynotlooklikemuchtotheuntrainedeye，theyprovideperfecthomesformembersoftheover200knownspeciesofsolitarybees.Asthenameindicates，theinsectsspendtheirlivesalone。Thesmartinsectsnestinsideholesliketheonesprovidedbytheinsecthotels，markingtheiroccupancybycoveringtheentrancewithamud“door”.Thoughunabletoproducehoney，solitarybeesareexcellentpollinatorsandperformanessentialroleinmanyecosystems。Additionally，cityofficialsarealsoeducatingpeopleontheuseofharmfulchemicalsandareprovidingprizemoneytoencouragedeveloperstobuildgreenroofsandpopulatethemwithlocalplants。In2015,theysetagoaltochangesomeplantsinpublicgreenspacestonativeplants.Geert，oneofeightecologistsworkingforthecity，says，“Ourideaiswhenwedesignapark,weusenativespeciesbutalsothespeciesthatgivealotoffloweringandfruitforbees.”Manypeople，withhelpfromthegovernment，arereplacingthesidewalksoutsidetheirhomeswithsmallgardensfeaturingflowers。InUtrecht,busstoproofsaregraduallybeingturnedintobeautiful，livinggardensdesignedtoattractvarietiesofbeespecies。Thegreenroofs,whichnaturallycollectbothrainwateranddust,arealsobeneficialfortheenvironment.Thesecities’collectiveeffortsseemtobeworking。Arecentstudyfoundthatthevarietyofbeespeciestherehasincreasedbyanastonishing45percentsince2000。8。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stem”inParagraph1probablymean?A。Review 。 B。Stop。 C.Monitor. D。Improve。9。What’sspecialaboutthebeesinAmsterdam?A.They'renotsocialinsects。B.Theymakehigh-qualityhoney.C.Theyliketonesttogetherinwoods.D.They'rescaredofotherspeciesofbees.10。Whatarebusstopgreenroofsmainlymeanttodo?A.Collectrainwaterforfutureuse.B.Plantflowersforenjoyment.C.Drawbeestothem。D.Cleardustaway.11.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A。Protectingtheenvironment。B.Importanceofbeesinecosystems。C.Designideasofinsecthotelsandbeestops。D.Dutchcities’attemptstorestorebeepopulation。DOverthelast25years，

psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteronfivebasictraits—theBigFive:agreeableness,conscientiousness(责任心），neuroticism,extroversionandopenness。Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes。Everytraitisacontinuousdimensionandeveryonecanbedescribedashavingvaryinglevelsofeachtrait。AnewresearchhasalsofoundanimalsfromantstoapesallhavetheBigFiveandthattheuniversalityofpersonalitypointstoanevolutionaryorigin。Animalsandhumanshavecommonproblemsofsurvival，whicharespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat’swhythere’ssomuchcontinuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality。Forexample，conscientiousnessinvolvesbehaviorslikeplanningandconsideration，whichareimportantamonganimalsfortakingcareoftheiryoung,selectingmatesandlivingingroups.Beingneatandorderly—aspectsofconscientiousness-alsohasevolutionarysuperiority.Beesthatliketokeepcleanandremovemoredeadgroupmembersreduceriskofdisease,gainmoreweightandreproducemore。Spidersthatmaketidywebscatchmoreinsects。Birdsthatbuildneaterandsolidernestsattractmoremates。

Thesebehaviorsmayseemprimitive,butthey'reneverthelessindicationsofpersonality。Personalityistheexpressionofallofthebehaviorsthathumansandanimalsexhibitthatallowthemtofunctionadaptivelyintheworld。Evolutioncanalsoexplainwhypersonalitiesvarysomuch。Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample，agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou，you’dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.Becausetheworldissounpredictable，everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat'sbestforeverysituation，we’releftwithawidevariety。12。Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes？

A.Differentpersonalitytypeshaverespectivestrengths. B。Everyonefallsintoaparticularpersonalitytype。 C。Peoplewithcommonpersonalitytypesgather。D.Everyonehasmixedpersonalitytypes。13。What’sthepurposeofmentioningsomeanimalsinParagraph2?

A。Toillustratetheadvantagesofbeingconscientious。

B.Toanalyzesurvivalchancesofcooperativeanimals。C。Toexplainwhytheyaretidyandorderly。

D。Tothrownewlightontheirbehavior。14。Whydowedisplayacertainpersonalityinaspecificsituation?A.Tobefreeoftrouble. B.Tofitinwithcircumstances.C.Tocompeteforequalrights。 D。Togainadvantagesoverothers.15。Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A。Personalityandbehavior。 B。CategoriesoftheBigFive。C.Contradictoryfactsonpersonality。D.Universalityandvariabilityofpersonality. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.Cultureshockistheemotionalandmentalreactiontobeinginacompletelynewculturalenvironment。16Itgenerallyconsistsofseveralstagesoffeelings。The“honeymoonstage”isusuallythefirststagethatpeoplegothroughwhensurroundedbydifferentculturalvaluesandlifestyles。Duringthisstage,peoplehavepositiveimagesoftheirnewculturalsurroundings.They

tendtoviewtheseinanidealisticwayandignoreproblems。17Thisstageisusuallyquiteshortandquicklyreplacedbythesecondstagecalled“thefrustrationstage”.Duringthe“frustrationstage”，

newcomers

begintoactnegatively.

18Visitorstendtoexaggerateproblemsinthenewculture。Theymayfeelisolatedduringthisstage.Dependingonone’ssituation，thisstagecanlastdays,months,orevenyears.Withthefrustrationstageending,theadjustmentstagebegins.Thismarksthetimewhennewcomerstrytheirbesttoacceptthedifferencesofthenewcultureandthechallengesofeverydaylife.19Somenewcomersenterthe“masterystage”andarecompletelyaccustomedtothevaluesandbeliefsofthenewculture。Theyareabletohandlethenewculturelikeanativewhilekeepingsomeoftheirownoriginalculturalvalues。Somechoosethe“rejectionstage”anddecideagainstfittinginwiththenewculture.20Othernewcomerscompletelyadopttheidentityofthenewcultureandgiveupthevaluesandbeliefsoftheirhomeculture。A。Meetingnewpeopleisseenasfascinating.B。Thenewculturalsurroundingsarenolongernovel。C。Theyregaintheirsenseofbalanceandbecomeconfident.D.Thisprocessopensthedoortothreepossibleoutcomes。E.Formanypeoplethisisoftenaverydifficultexperience。F.Apersonexperiencingcultureshockmaydisplaymanysymptoms.G.Theyusuallypermanentlywithdrawfromtheculturethrough

isolation

orreturninghome.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分25分）第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。13-year-oldMadisonwasstudyingathomewhenhermotherburstin.Shesaidaboyhadfallenintoaseptictank（化粪池）andmadeanurgent21forMadison'shelp.Theyrantoaneighbor’syard,wheretheanxiousadultssurroundedtheseptictankopening22widerthanabasketball。Theboy,agedonly2，hadslippedinandwasdrowning.Madisonquickly23thesituation。Shewastheonlyonewhocould24throughthesmallopening。Withouthesitation,shegotclosetotheopeningandsaid，“25mein。”Somepeopleheldherwaistand26.Shewiggled（扭动)armsandshouldersuntilshe27theopening.Inside,thetankwasdarkandtheairsmelly.Whenshestuckherarmsintothedirtywater,shejammedherleftwristagainstahiddenstick，28itseverely.29tendtoherinjury,Madisonscannedthesurfaceofthedirtywater，hopingtofeeltheunderwaterboy.Suddenlyshesawhislittletoesstickout。Whenspottingthevague30ofhisfootagain,Madisonshotouther31hand,graspedthefoottightlyandshouted，“Pullmeup!”Astheynearlyreachedthesurface，theboy’sotherfootgotstuck.Shewiggledhisfootuntilitwas32。Eventuallytheywereliftedout。33，thekidwasn’toutoftrouble.Havingsufferedfromlackof34thatlong,hewasn'tbreathing.Hewasthengivenhardhitsonthebackuntilhecoughedupwater。Atthesightofthis,Madisonsighedwithrelief.Madisonreceivedmonthsoftreatmentforherwrist，whichmadeher35actionsmoreimpressive。21。A.appointment B.attempt C。choice D。request22.A。partly B。previously C。slightly D。dramatically 23.A.tackled B.examined C。disturbed D。lost24.A。look B.jump C.fill D。fit25。A。Throw B。Lower C。Force D.Push26。A。legs B.arms C.head D。hands27.A。adjustedto B。gotthrough C。toredown D。heldonto28.A.touching B。trapping C。injuring D.striking29。A.Inaneffortto B.Ratherthan C.Likelyto D。Readyto30。A。skin B.gesture C。picture D.outline31.A。left B.single C。good D.clumsy32.A。frozen B.free C.flexible D。bare33。A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D。Personally34.A。protection B。oxygen C.gravity D.energy35.A。unselfish B.thoughtless C.unconscious D。random第二节(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mostofusmightonlybegintothinkaboutdinnerintheafternoon.ButJelenabeginstothinkaboutherbigmealearlyeachmorning.Aftermorningtea,JelenaandherhusbandMilanbegintheirplansfora36(taste)Serbiandish。Thecookingmethodtheyuse37（probable）comesfromJelena’smotherorgrandmother。Eachrecipeuseslocalfoods38(find)inSerbianmarkets。Milangoestothemarkettogetthefoodtheyneedandthe69—year—oldJelenamakesplansfor39shewillexplainthecookingprocesstoher150,000followersatthefixedtimeonYouTube.Oncesheisready，Jelenafilmshercookingshowfromasmallkitchentable。Online,Jelenaisknown40“GrannyJela"onherpopularYouTubechannel“Granny’sKitchen"。Jelenahasyearsofexperienceofcookingathome。Tenyearsago，shestartedanonlineforum，41shesharedrecipesandcooking42（tip)formeat,soup，bread,sweettreatsandmore.Hernumberoffollowersgrewastime43(go)by。Thenshedecidedtostartablogandbeganmakingvideoswithhermobilephone。Today，hervideosonYouTubehaveover50millionviews。“Granny’sKitchen”44(name)oneoftheTop50YouTubechannelsinSerbiain2018.GrannyJelajustmadeitwithcontinuedefforts。Soallweneedislove，thewillanddesiretodosomething.Anythingcanbedoneonlyifwereallywanttodoitanddevote45（we）toit。第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分）第一节：应用文写作(满分10分)假定你是李华，想邀请外教David一起参观中国春联(couplet）作品展.请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：展览的时间、地点;展览作品来源；春联简介。注意：词数80左右;可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节：读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Thebellrang,announcingtheendofthevividartclassKarsonlovedmost。Hewasdelightedthathehadcreatedaverysatisfyingwork.Sohewalkedtothebackoftheclassroomtoputhisworkawaycarefully.There，lyingonthecarpetinfrontoftheclassroombookcase,wasagoldenticket！Karsonpickeditup.Hisheartbeatfasterwhenhesawthatthenamelinewasblank.Hecouldn’tbelievehisluck!TheboysandgirlsinKarson’sclasscouldearngoldenticketsbydoingwellintheirstudyorbybeingextrahelpfulorkind.Onceaweektheirteacherdrewaticketoutofaboxonherdeskandletthewinnerchooseaprize。Todaywasthegoldenticketdrawing，andherewasanotherticket，justforhim!Karsonlookedaround。Nooneelsewasneartheticket.Allhisclassmateswereattheirdesks，laughingandtalkingwitheachother。MissEvanswasengagedingradingthepaperscollectedearlierinthemorning。Karsondecidedtowritehisnameontheblankline。Thenhecouldputitintotheprizeboxwiththesixticketshe’dalreadyearned。Withsomanychances,oneofhisticketswouldmostprobablybepicked！Thenhecouldchoosethepinktoypigforhissister'sbirthday，justlikehehadbeenhoping.Hesmiledandreachedforthepencilinhispocket。Suddenlyhisfingersstopped。Therewasastrangefeelinginhischest,anditwasn’thisheartbeat.It'sfinderskeepers，right?Hewondered.Helookedoutofthewindowandtriedtofigureitout。Ontheonehand，hedidfindtheticket,buthehadn'tearnedit.Somebodymusthavelostit.Butontheotherhand,hedidneedthisextraticketforhisgreatplan!Para1Karsonstaredattheblanknamelineforamoment。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2“Karson,I’dlikeyoutohaveanotherticket!"MissEvanssaid.__________________________________________________________________________________