陕西省西安2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含答案）

第第页陕西省西安2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含答案）陕西省西安2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

Ⅲ.完形填空第一节：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。

9．（10分）Manyteenagershavehobbies.Butsometimesthesecantakethemtoomuchtime，andparentsmightworry（1）theirsuccessatschool.Teenagersoftenthinkthey（2）beallowedtopracticetheirhobbiesasmuchastheywant.Doyouagree？

Carla，a（3）girl，istalentedinsinging，andisasingingstaratschool.Shedreamsofbeingasinger.However，herparentsdon'tallowhertopracticesomuchbecause（4）thinktheirdaughtershouldstudyhardtogetgood（5）andenteragooduniversity."We（6）everyoneofhercompetitionsinthepastfewyears.Wehavenothingagainst（反对）singing.Butsheneeds（7）moretimeonherschoolworkbecauseit'sdifficulttobecomeasingingstar，"saysherfather.ButCarlareallydisagrees."Iknowmyparentscareaboutme.AndtheyhopeIwillhave（8）betterlifeinthefuture.ButItakesinging（9）.Iwanttomakemyowndecision.OnlythenwillIhaveachancetoachievemydream，"saysCarla.

Parentsshouldhaverightattitude（态度）towardsthechildren'sdevelopment.（10）it'sOKtowantsuccessfulchildren，it'sevenmoreimportanttohavehealthyandhappychildren!

（1）A.aboutB.atC.forD.with

（2）A.mightB.wouldC.mustD.should

（3）A.15﹣years﹣oldB.15﹣year﹣oldC.15yearsoldD.15﹣year﹣olds

（4）A.theirB.theyC.theirsD.them

（5）A.gradeB.thankC.gradesD.thanks

（6）A.watchesB.watchedC.willwatchD.havewatched

（7）A.tospendB.spendC.totakeD.take

（8）A.aB.anC.theD./

（9）A.seriousB.seriouslyC.moreseriousD.moreseriously

（10）A.UntilB.SinceC.AlthoughD.When

10．（10分）RidingaMo﹣bikeonthestreet，youmighthearsomepeoplespeakingChinesealoud.Turningtheright，youseeaSichuan﹣stylerestaurant.AfterwalkingintoastoreyouseethatHuaweismartphonesare（1）.

Butyou'renotinChina﹣﹣﹣you'reinManchesterinBritain.Infact，youmightsee（2）thingsinmanyothercities.Chinesethingshavebeen（3）aroundtheworld.

ChinesefoodhasbeenenjoyedinWesterncountriesforalongtime.To（4）localpeople'stastes，Chineserestaurantshavemadesomechangestothe（5）.UnlikeChinese，Australianpeopledon'tliketoeatmeatwiththebone（6）.SoChineserestaurantsthereprovidebigpiecesofmeatwithoutbones，（7）forfish.

SomeChinesebrands（品牌）arealsobecomingmore（8）.InmanycitiesinEurope，storessellTCLtelevisions，HaierfridgesandLenovocomputers.AndmorethanhalfofUS﹣owneddrones（无人机）areChinesemodels.They'renotsimplymadeinChina，butdesignedanddevelopedinthe（9）.

Inthepast，mostWesternpeoplethoughtChinesethingswerecheapandnotdependable.Butnow，thingshavechangedgreatly.MadeinChinabecomescool.Moreandmorepeople（10）Chinesebrands.

（1）A.forfunB.atworkC.onsaleD.inuse

（2）A.similarB.differentC.commonD.unusual

（3）A.storedB.collectedC.refusedD.accepted

（4）A.meetB.hateC.changeD.answer

（5）A.kitchensB.drinksC.dishesD.services

（6）A.upB.outC.onD.in

（7）A.justB.evenC.yetD.still

（8）A.traditionalB.expensiveC.practicalD.popular

（9）A.countryB.circleC.fieldD.town

（10）A.askB.trustC.improveD.question

IV.阅读理解第一节：阅读下面三篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。

11．（4.5分）

ALittlePrincessWriter：FrancesHodgsonBurnett12.7（online）CaptainCrewesendshisyoungdaughterSaratoMissMinchin'sboardingschoolinLondon.Saralivesaverycomfortablelifethere.Butafterherfatherdies，Saraloseseverythingsheeverhas.Shehastolearntodowithherhardlife.It'sanexcellentbookforchildren.

TheSecretGardenWriter：FrancesHodgsonBurnett20.8（inbookstores）16.4（online）MaryLennox，asicklygirlwithoutparents，findsherselfinheruncle'shouse.Whyisthegardenlocked？Whoiscryingatnight？Throughthepowerofhope，friendshipandthemagicofnature，thebravegirlbringsthehouseandthegardenbacktolife.Ifyoureadthisbook，youwillfinditveryinteresting.

GonewiththeWindWriter：MargaretMitchell57.6（inbookstores）33.9（online）GonewiththeWindisabestsellerintheworld.IttellsastorythathappenedduringtheAmericanCivilWar（内战）.Themainwomancharacterinthestoryisselfish（自私的）ScarlottO'hara.Butsheisfullofenergyallthetime.Sheisverystrongandsavesherfamily.

（1）IfalittleboyPeteronlyhas15yuan，hecanbuy.

A.AlittlePrincessonline

B.TheSecretGardeninbookstores

C.GonewiththeWindinbookstores

D.GonewiththeWindonline

（2）WhatisScarlettO'haralike？

a.Strong.

b.Selfish.

c.Polite.

d.Active.

A.abc

B.acd

C.bcd

D.abd

（3）Whydidthewriterwritethethreeshortpassages？

A.Toencouragechildrentoread.

B.Totellushowtowritebooks.

C.Tointroducesomebookstous.

D.Tointroducesomefamouswriterstous.

12．（4.5分）Oneday，amansawanoldladysittinginsidehercaratthesideoftheroad.Thoughitwasdark，hecouldseesheneededhelp.Sohestoppedhiscarandwalkedtowardsher.Theoldladywasworried.Washegoingtohurther？"I'llhelpyoustartyourcar，madam.Bytheway，mynameisBryanAnderson，"hesaid.

WhileAndersonwasputtingasparetire（备胎）tohercar，theladybegantotalktohim.Shethankedhimmuchforcomingtohelp.

Andersonjustsmiledasheputhistoolsaway.Theladyaskedhowmuchsheshouldpayhim.Hetoldherthatifshereallywantedtopayhimback，thenexttimeshesawsomeonewhoneededhelp，shecouldgivethemthehelptheyneeded.Hewaiteduntilshestartedhercaranddroveoff.

Afewmilesdowntheroad，theladysawasmallrestaurant.Shewentinandawaitresscameoverwithasweetsmile.Theoldladynoticedthewaitresswasnearlyeightmonthspregnant（怀孕的），butsheneverletpainsandacheschangehersmilewhensheservedher.

Theladyfinishedhermealandpaidwithahundred﹣dollarbill.Thewaitressquicklywenttogetchange，buttheoldladywasgonewhenthewaitresscameback.Therewasanoteonthenapkin（餐巾），"Youdon'tneedtogivemeanythingback.SomebodyoncehelpedmeoutthewayI'mhelpingyou.Ifyoureallywanttopaymeback，hereiswhatyoudo—donotletthischain（链子）ofloveendwithyou."Underthenapkinwerefourmore100bills.

（1）WhydidAndersontellhisnametotheoldlady？

A.Becausehewantedtocheckiftheladyknewhim.

B.Becausehehopedthatmayhelprelaxthelady.

C.Becausehethoughthecouldbepaidbackoneday.

D.Becausehewantedtoleavehisnamefordoinggoodthings.

（2）Howmuchdidtheoldladyspendintherestaurant？

A.200dollars.

B.400dollars.

C.500dollars.

D.600dollars.

（3）Whatcanbeinferred（推断）fromthepassage？

A.Themealmustbereallydelicious.

B.Andersonmustbehelpedbysomeonebefore.

C.Theoldladywasabletochangeasparetireherself.

D.Thewaitresswillprobablyhelpsomeonelater.

13．（6分）In2023，sixpeoplemadehistorywhentheysailed（航行）acrossthePacificOceaninaboat.Whywasthisspecial？Becausetheboatwasmadefrom12，500usedplastic（塑料的）bottles，anditsnamewasPlastiki.

Thejourneywasn'teasy.Theytook128daystosail9，000milesacrosstheoceanfromCalifornia，USAtoAustralia.Duringthistime，theylivedontheboat，atefoodfromcansandtookshowersinseawater.Sowhydidtheydoit？Becausetheywantedtomakepeoplerealizetheproblemofplasticwaste.

ThePlastikiprogramwasstartedbyDaviddeRothschild.In2023，hereadaboutplasticproblemintheseasandoceans，andlearntthatoneplasticbottlelastsfor450years!

Plasticwastecauses80%ofoceanproblems，killsamillionseabirdsand100，000fishandotherseaanimals.Manypeoplethinkthatthisplasticwastecomesfromships，butthey'rewrong.Theamazingfactisthat80%oftheplasticintheoceansismadeoftherubbishwedropinourstreets，parksandbeaches.

Theeasiestwaytoprotecttheoceanistostopusingplasticshoppingbagsanddisposable（一次性的）waterbottles.ThegreatthingisthatnowmillionsofpeoplearelearningfromPlastikiintheirhomes，schoolsandoffices.

AsDaviddeRothschildsaid，"Wearen'tscientists，we'recommonpeople.Wewanttoshowthatifweworktogether，wecandosomething".

（1）WhichofthefollowingisRightaboutsixpeople'sjourney？

A.Theytookabouttwomonthstosailacrosstheocean.

B.TheysailedacrosstheoceanfromCanadatoAustralia.

C.Theywentonthejourneybytakinganunusualboat.

D.Theyateseafoodanddrankseawaterinthejourney.

（2）Whatisthepurposeofthejourneyoverthesea？

A.Topickuprubbishlikeplasticbottlesunderthesea.

B.Tocarryoutascientificresearchontheseaanimals.

C.Tohelppeoplelearnsometipsforanenjoyablesail.

D.Tomakepeopleknowtheproblemoftheplasticwaste.

（3）HowdoesthewriterorganizeParagraph4？

A.Bytellingastory.

B.Bylistingnumbers.

C.Byshowingopinions.

D.Byaskingquestions.

（4）Inwhichpartofamagazinemaywereadthepassage？

A.Health.

B.Travel.

C.Nature.

D.Art.

第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

14．（5分）Areyouadogperson？Maybeyouhaveoneathomeandenjoytakingitforwalksandlyingwithitonthesofa.（1）Forme，dogsaredangerous，smellyanimals.Butthinkingaboutthelife﹣savingskillstheyhave，maybeIshouldgivethemasecondchance.

（2）Butafterall，theyarejustpets.Iftheywanttobeman'srealfriends，theyneedtodosomethinguseful.Somedogswithanamazingsenseofsmellaretrainedassnifferdogs（嗅探犬）.（3）

Therearesomeguidedogsandhearingdogsprovidinglifeservicefortheirowners.Theycansoundthealarmwhentheirownerhasasuddensignofillness.（4）

It'salsopossibletotraindogstonoticechangesinbloodglucoselevels（血糖水平）ofpeoplewithTypeIdiabetes（糖尿病1型）.OnesickmanwithsuchadogtoldtheBBC，"Inthethreeandahalfyears，we'vebeentogether，hehasprobablysavedmylife3，500times.（5）

Savingalifeforadogbiscuit（饼干）seemsasmallpricetopay，somaybeIshouldhavebetteropinionsofourfour﹣leggedfriends.

A.Tobehonest，I'mthatkindofperson.B.Therearealsotraineddogsprovidinghelpinhospitalsandoldpeople'shomes.C.Aperfectdogusuallylookscuteandlistenstoitsowner.D.Theyappearatairportsorworkwiththepoliceoutonthestreets.E.Tobehonest，I'mnotthatkindofperson.F.Andactually，hedoesitallforadogbiscuit.G.Dogsarealwaysfriendlytopeopleandneverleavetheirowners.

V.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。

15．（1分）你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？

DoyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheintheworld？

16．（1分）在新加坡，超过四分之三的人口都是华人。

InSingapore，morethanofthepopulationareChinese.

17．（1分）我有三年没给他写过信了。

Iletterstohimforthreeyears.

18．（1分）政府鼓励农民们种植更多的水稻和蔬菜。

Thegovernmenttogrowmorericeandvegetables.

19．（1分）我们非常震惊，在沉默中吃完了晚餐。

Wewerereallyshockedandwefinishedtherestofourdinner.

20．（1分）我一到达西安，就爱上了这座美丽的城市。

AssoonasIgottoXi'an，Ithisbeautifulcity.

21．（1分）昨天成百上千的人观看了那场足球赛。

peoplewatchedthesoccergameyesterday.

22．（1分）据我所知，他星期天会回来。

，hewillcomebackonSunday.

23．（1分）在众人面前演讲时，我会感到紧张。

IwillwhenIgiveaspeechinfrontofpeople.

24．（1分）我们的家乡已经在我们的心里留下了许多温馨而甜美的回忆。

Ourhometownmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.

VI.短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词）。

25．（10分）

try；they；happy；interest；good；own；sleep；see；search；simple

Oneday，50peoplewerelisteningtoaspeech.Thespeakerwasgivingaspeechabout（1）.However，about40minuteslater，somepeoplebegantolosetheirattention（注意力），acoupleofthemevenfell（2）.Thespeakernoticedthathestoppedandthencameupwithanideato（3）them.Hehandedoutballoons（气球）toeachperson，andaskedeachpersontowritehisorhernameontheballoon.Thenthespeakercollectedalltheballoonsandmoved（4）toanotherroom.

The50peoplewentintotheroomandweretoldtofindtheballoonwithhisorhernameonitintwominutes.Everyoneranaroundand（5）fortherightballoon.Somepeopleevenfelloverwhiletheywere（6）togettwo"right"balloon.

Actually，almostnobodycouldfindasherballoonintheend.After（7）this，thespeakeraskedeachpersontogetaballoonandthentrytofindthepersonwhosenamewasonitagain.Inthisway，peoplefoundthe（8）ofallballoonsquickly."Canyouseewhathappened？"thespeakercontinuedhitspeech，"Theballoonsarelikethehappinesswelookforinourlives.Everyoneis（9）busylookingforhisownhappiness，notcaringwhathappenstoothers.Butbelieveitornot，oneofthe（10）waystofindhappinessistohelpothers.Helpthemfindhappinessandyoucanfindyourown.

VIL任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。

26．（5分）ChinatownisthenamegiventoanareainthemiddleofLondon.ItisjustbetweenLeicesterSquareandShaftsburyAvenue.GerrardStreetisatthecenterandisthemostimportantstreetinthearea.ThereisalargeChinesecommunity（社区）withalotofChineserestaurants，Chinesesupermarketsandshopsinthisstreet.

Inthe1950s，itwasapoorareaandeverythingwasverycheap.Atthesametime，theworldricemarketchangedandalargenumberoffarmworkersinHongKonglosttheirjobs.TheybeganarrivinginLondontolookforwork.Theyfoundjobsintherestaurantsinthisarea.ManyBritishpeoplelikeChinesefood，andtherestaurantswerepopular.

Theserestaurantworkersoftenworked17hoursadayandhadnotimetolearnEnglish.AsmoreChinesearrived，moreshopsandbusinessesgrewup.Wivescameandjoinedtheirhusbandsandchildrencameandjoinedtheirfathers.Thecommunitygrew，andChinatownwasborn.

Inthe1970sand1980s，British﹣bornChinesehadabettereducation.Thisbroughteconomic（经济的）successtothearea.ManyfamiliesmovedoutofChinatown，andtherewasmorespaceforbusinesses.GerrardStreetbecomeastreetonlyforvisitorsandwassoonapopularplacefortourists.

NoweveryoneknowsaboutLondon'sChinatown.DuringtheChineseNewYear，thestreetsareseenwithflagsandthousandsofChinesegointothestreets.Formostoftheyear，though，LondonersandtouristsgotheremainlyforthefoodintheChineserestaurants.ThebestrestaurantsaretheoneswheretheChineseeat.

（1）WhomightbethefirsttravelerstogettoLondon'sChinatown？

ThefirsttravelersmightbefromHongKong.

（2）Whatwasthearealikeinthe1950s？

Itwasapoorareaand.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"referto？

ItreferstooftheBritish﹣bornChinese.

（4）Howcanpeopletellifarestaurantisgoodornot？

AverygoodChineserestaurantisarestaurantwith.

（5）Whatcouldbethetitleofthispassage？

Thetitleofthispassagecouldbe"TheofLondon'sChinatown".

VIII.补全对话根据下面对话的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。

27．（5分）A：Youlookworried，Mario.（1）？

B：Ibrokemysister'sfavoritecup，Mum.

A：That'stoobad.（2）？

B：IbrokeitwhenIshowedittomyfriendMark.（3）？

A：Ithinkyoushouldtellheraboutitandsaysorrytoher.

B：I'mafraidshewillbeangrywithme.

A：Butshewillknowthetruthatlast.

B：（4）.ButIamstillworried.Wouldyouliketogowithmetotalktomysister？

A：（5）.Let'sgonow.

IX.书面表达

28．（10分）从小到大，你一定有过很多喜爱的物品吧！也许是一个可爱的毛绒玩具；或是奶奶亲手织的一条围巾或是一支有纪念意义的钢笔……请描述你最喜欢的一件物品，以"MyFavorite______"为题写一篇短文。

参考以下问题，适当发挥。

（1）Whatdoesitlooklike？

（2）Howlonghaveyouhadit？

（3）Howdidyougetit？

（4）Whyisitspecialtoyou？

要求：

（1）包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；

（2）语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；

（3）文章不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；

（4）词数：不少于70词。

MyFavorite________.

参考答案与试题解析

Ⅲ.完形填空第一节：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。

9．（10分）Manyteenagershavehobbies.Butsometimesthesecantakethemtoomuchtime，andparentsmightworry（1）Atheirsuccessatschool.Teenagersoftenthinkthey（2）Dbeallowedtopracticetheirhobbiesasmuchastheywant.Doyouagree？

Carla，a（3）Bgirl，istalentedinsinging，andisasingingstaratschool.Shedreamsofbeingasinger.However，herparentsdon'tallowhertopracticesomuchbecause（4）Bthinktheirdaughtershouldstudyhardtogetgood（5）Candenteragooduniversity."We（6）Deveryoneofhercompetitionsinthepastfewyears.Wehavenothingagainst（反对）singing.Butsheneeds（7）Amoretimeonherschoolworkbecauseit'sdifficulttobecomeasingingstar，"saysherfather.ButCarlareallydisagrees."Iknowmyparentscareaboutme.AndtheyhopeIwillhave（8）Abetterlifeinthefuture.ButItakesinging（9）B.Iwanttomakemyowndecision.OnlythenwillIhaveachancetoachievemydream，"saysCarla.

Parentsshouldhaverightattitude（态度）towardsthechildren'sdevelopment.（10）Cit'sOKtowantsuccessfulchildren，it'sevenmoreimportanttohavehealthyandhappychildren!

（1）A.aboutB.atC.forD.with

（2）A.mightB.wouldC.mustD.should

（3）A.15﹣years﹣oldB.15﹣year﹣oldC.15yearsoldD.15﹣year﹣olds

（4）A.theirB.theyC.theirsD.them

（5）A.gradeB.thankC.gradesD.thanks

（6）A.watchesB.watchedC.willwatchD.havewatched

（7）A.tospendB.spendC.totakeD.take

（8）A.aB.anC.theD./

（9）A.seriousB.seriouslyC.moreseriousD.moreseriously

（10）A.UntilB.SinceC.AlthoughD.When

【分析】这段短文主要讲述了许多青少年有自己的兴趣爱好，但有时候这些爱好会占用太多时间，父母可能会担心他们在学校的成绩。青少年通常认为他们应该被允许尽可能多地练习自己的爱好。提到了一个名叫Carla的女孩，她擅长唱歌，在学校是一个唱歌明星，她梦想成为一名歌手。然而，她的父母不允许她练习太多，因为他们认为女儿应该努力学习，取得好成绩并进入好大学。Carla不同意父母的看法，她认为只有自己做出决定，才有机会实现梦想。最后，提到父母应该对孩子的发展持正确的态度，重要的是拥有健康快乐的孩子，而不仅仅是成功的孩子。

【解答】（1）考查固定短语。句意：父母可能担心他们在学校里的成就。A.about关于；B.at在；C.for为了；D.with和，带有。worryabout为动词短语，表示"担心"，结合句意，可知此处应用about，故选A。

（2）考查情态动词。句意：青少年经常认为他们应该允许被允许随心所欲的练习他们的爱好。A.might能；B.would将要；C.must必须；D.should应该。根据Teenagersoftenthink.（青少年经常认为。）这里指青少年的看法，所以随心所欲的练习爱好在他们看来是应该被允许的，应用should，故选D。

（3）考查复合形容词。句意：卡拉，一个15岁的女孩，在唱歌方面很有天赋，是学校的歌星。A.15﹣years﹣old为错误搭配；B.15﹣year﹣old，15岁的，复合形容词；C.15yearsold，15岁；D.15﹣year﹣olds为错误搭配。根据girl为名词，此处应用形容词修饰名词作定语，应用15﹣year﹣old，故选B。

（4）考查代词。句意：因为他们认为他们的女儿应该努力学习以取的好成绩上个好大学。A.their他们的，形容词性物主代词；B.they他们，主格；C.theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；D.them他们，宾格。分析句子此处缺少主语，代词的主格作主语，应用they，故选B。

（5）考查名词。句意：因为他们认为他们的女儿应该努力学习以取的好成绩上个好大学。A.grade分数，单数名词；B.thank感谢，动词；C.grades分数，名词复数；D.thanks感谢，名词。getgoodgrades为动词短语，表示"取得好成绩"，可知此处应用grades，故选C。

（6）考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，我们看了她的每一场比赛。A.watches观看，动词的三单形式；B.watched动词过去式；C.willwatch一般将来时；D.havewatched现在完成时。根据inthepastfewyears，表示"在过去的几年里"，可知此处强调父母过去现在都支持她的比赛，与现在完成时连用，结构为have/hasdone，主语为复数名词，可知此处应用havewatched，故选D。

（7）考查动词不定式。句意：但是她需要在学业上花费更多的时间。needtodosth需要做某事；spendtimeonsth在某事上花费时间；Ittakessbtimetodosth做某事花费某人时间。空格后为moretimeon，表示"更多的时间在"，可知此处应用tospend，故选A。

（8）考查冠词。句意：他们希望我在将来有更好的生活。a不定冠词，用于辅音音素前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素前；不定冠词表示泛指，意为"一个"；the定冠词，表示特指，意为"这，那"。根据life为名词，表示"生活"，当前面有形容词修饰时，是可数名词，此处指一种更幸福的生活，better以辅音音素开头，应用a，故选A。

（9）考查固定搭配。句意：但是我对唱歌是认真地。A.serious严肃的，形容词；B.seriously严肃地，认真地，副词；C.moreserious更严肃的，形容词的比较级；D.moreseriously更认真地，副词的比较级。take...seriously为动词短语，表示"对认真"，可知此处应用seriously，故选B。

（10）考查连词。句意：尽管想要成功的孩子很正常，但是拥有健康快乐的孩子更重要！A.Until直到；B.Since自从，因此；C.Although尽管；D.When当的时候。根据句子it'sevenmoreimportanttohavehealthyandhappychildren!（更重要的是要有健康快乐的孩子！）可知此处指尽管想要成功的孩子很正常，故选C。

【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

10．（10分）Ridinga