河南专升本语法-连词精讲课件

连词(Conjunction)连词(Conjunction)连词(Conjunction)一、连词定义:

用来连接词、短语或句子的词。

e.g.

IstudyEnglishandChinese.Doesheworkatschoolorinthehospital?Igetupearly,butmybrothergetsuplate.连词(Conjunction)一、连词定义:用来连二、连词分类：并列连词从属连词——连词：and,but,or,so,(for)连词词组:either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,both…and,(aswellas)that，whether,if,unless,while/when,until,because,sothat,so…that,though/although,evenif,as…as等二、连词分类：连词：and,but,or,so,(f并列连词列表转折性连词列表从属连词列表连词并列连词列表连词1并列连词与并列结构判断改错：Theysatdownandtalkaboutsomething.FTheystartedtodanceandsang.FIsawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperthere.FSheplaysnotonlythepiano,buttheguitar.TNeitheryounorhearetoblame.FMakeupyourmind,oryou'llgetthechance.FThereisnoairandwaterinthemoonFNotonlyhelikereadingstories,butalsohecanevenwritesome.FWewilldiewithoutairandwater.FWecan'tlivewithoutairandwater.TSomepeoplelovecats,whenothershatethem.FTheywerenotthebonesofananimal,and(thebones)ofahumanbeing.F

1并列连词与并列结构并列连词列表and but

nor

so

yet

however

hence

then

for

or

nevertheless

neverthelessas

well

as not

only...but

alsoboth...and neither...nor…either...or… consequently表示转折意思---表示因果关系---表示并列关系—并列连词列表转折性连词列表

besides\so\generallyspeaking\ infact\indeedonthecontrary\ofcourse\inshort\inthisway thatisbecause\moreover\ontheotherhandbut\however\yet\although\atthesametime\insteadevenso\forexample\inaddition\forinstance\namelybecauseof\asaresult\forthisreason\therefore\thus表示重复，强调和结论比较或对比提出例证因果关系转折性连词列表从属连词列表从属连词列表并列连词表示词，短语，从句或句子之间具有并列关系。可以表示平行关系，转折关系，选择关系和因果关系。and(和)both…and（和,两者都）neither…nor（既不…也不…）notonly…butalso(不但…而且…)aswellas(和,也,除…外,而且)

1.表示平行关系的连词：并列连词表示词，短语，从句或句子之间具有并列关系。an判断改错：

(错)Theysatdown

andtalkaboutsomething.

(错)Theystartedtodanceandsang.

(错)Isawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperthere.

.

判断改错：

(错)Theysatdownandt2.表示转折关系的连词:butwhile(而,虽然)yet(可是)however(而)whereas(而)nevertheless(然而,不过)but表示转折，while表示对比。

Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.

典型例题

---Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?

---I'dliketo,___I'mtoobusy.

A.and

B.so

C.as

D.but

答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。2.表示转折关系的连词:butwhile(而,虽然3.表示选择关系的连词or(或则,否则)orelse(否则)otherwise(要不然)either…or…(或者…或者)ratherthan

(而不是)

4.表示因果关系的连词

soforthus(因此)hence（因此）therefore

（因此）consequently（因而，所以）3.表示选择关系的连词or(或则,否则)orelse(否二.从属连词是用来引导连接主句和从句的连词。分为引导名词性从句的连词和引导状语从句的连词。1.引导名词性的从句(1).that,whether,if不充当成分.(2).连接代词who,whom,which,what

充当主,宾,定,表语等.(3).连接副词when,where,how,why状语.二.从属连词是用来引导连接主句和从句的连词。1.引导名2.引导状语从句的连词(1).时间:when,while,as当…时

when+瞬间,延续性动词

while+延续性动词

as+瞬间,延续性动词“一边…一边”

till/until,once,assoonas(一…就),themoment/instant(一…就),nosooner…thanhardly…when

2.引导状语从句的连词(1).时间:when,whi(2).原因:asbecauseforsinceFor语气最弱,引导的分句放在句末.Because语气最强,句首,句末均可.As(因为)置于句首.Since(既然)通常置于句首.(3).地点:where,wherever(4).条件:if,unless=if…not,so/aslongassuppose(that)假使onconditionthat如果

provided/providing(that)倘使,如果nowthat(既然)consideringthat(2).原因:asbecausefor(5).让步:though/although不与but连用.as(尽管),evenif/though(即使)however(无论怎样),whatevernomatterhow/who/which

Although/though和as(尽管)的区别:Although/though引导的从句用正常语序.As引导的从句用倒装语序,即把as从句中的表语,状语或动词原形提至主语前.尽管天气冷,可他仍继续工作.Thoughitwascold,hewentonworking.=Coldas(though)itwas,hewentonworking.(5).让步:though/although不与but尽管你读得快,你也不能在三天内读完这本书.Fastasyouread,youcan’tfinishreadingthebookinthreedays.

Althoughyoureadfast,youcan’tfinishreadingthebookinthreedays.

不管他怎样努力,还是摆脱不了困难.Tryashemight,hecouldn’tgetridofthedifficulty.

尽管你读得快,你也不能在三天内读完这本书.Fastas三、用法

1.并列连词---连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的有：(1)表并列关系的and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor，aswellas（也，和）等。(2)表选择关系的or,either…or等。(3)表转折关系的but,however等。(4)表因果关系的for,so等。三、用法

考点一：

1）判断改错：

Theysatdownandtalkaboutsomething.

Theystartedtodanceandsang.

Isawtwomensittingbehindandatethere.

FFFeatingsingtalkedand(“和，并且”)与or(“否则”)“and”

连接平行结构。考点一：FFFeatingsingtalkedand(（1）肯定句中用“and”表“和”；（2）否定句中用“or”表“和”。2）翻译：①我喜欢英语和数学。②我不喜欢英语和数学。IlikeEnglish_____math.Idon’tlikeEnglish____math.and

or（1）肯定句中用“and”表“和”；2）翻译：①我喜欢英=Studyhard,_____yourmathwillbeworse.3）用“and”

或“or”

填空：

Studyhard,_____yourmathwillbebetter.and

or

“and”意为“这样，那么”；“or”

意为“否则”。=Studyhard,_____yourmath

表转折的连词but

和however：

e.g.

(他努力工作，但以失败告终。)

Heworkedhard,______hefailedatlast.Heworkedhard._________,hefailedatlast.区别:but后没有逗号，直接连接分句；

however

后有逗号相隔，可放句末。butHowever考点二：表转折的连词but和h观察句子

：

（1）Althoughheisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.改为：Althoughheisoversixty,heworksashardasothers.或

Heisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.（2）“BecauseJohnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.”*although/though和but这两个关联词不能同时用。

???同样，此句错误，because和so

等关联词都不能同时使用。考点三：观察句子：*althoeitherAorB“或者A或者B”neitherAnorB“既不A也不B”notonlyAbutalsoB“不仅A而且B”---连词词组：①EitheryouorI_____goingtotheparty.(或者你或者我将去晚会。)②NeitherInorhe______seenthemovie.（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）③Notonlyyoubutalsohe________French.（不但你而且他也讲法语。）【连接主语时，谓语“就近原则”】amhasspeaks考点四eitherAorB2.从属连词---用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的after,before,when,while,as,until,till,since,assoonas等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if,unless等。(3)引导原因状语从句的because,as,since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的sothat,inorderthat等。(5)引导让步状语从句的though,although,evenif等。(6)引导结果状语从句的sothat,so…that,such…that等。(7)引导比较状语从句的than,as…as等。(8)引导宾语从句的that,if,whether等。2.从属连词---用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：考点二

我会一直工作到你回来。

Iwillwork

tillyoucomeback.not…until/till直到……才…till直到……为止翻译：我会到你回来时才睡觉。

Iwon’tgotobeduntil/tillyoucomeback.考点二我会一直工作到你回来。Mr.Whitewastakingashower_____theUFOlandedonthestreet.A.whereB.whileC.whenD.whetherCWhileMr.Whitewastakingashower，theUFOlandedonthestreet.考点一“when”和“while”when引导的状语从句的动作多为终止性动词，也为可持续动词；但while只能是可持续动词。Mr.Whitewastakingashow考点二

我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。

Myfather______comebackuntilwehadsupper.not…until/till直到……才…till直到……为止翻译：他直到3岁才会讲话。He______getupuntilhismotherwakeshimup.didn’t

他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。

He_________speak

untilhewas3.couldn’tdoesn’t考点二我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回HetooktheMP3playerwithhim_____hecouldenjoymusicduringthetrip.A.becauseB.sothatC.whenB考点三他起早是为了赶上早班车。(表目的)

①Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.②Hegotupearlysothathecaught

theearlybus.他起早，结果赶上了早班车。（表结果）Hegotupsoearlythat

hecaughttheearlybus.

so…thatsothat：①为了；②所以，结果如此……以致HetooktheMP3playerwithhi常用的英语连词1)先后次序关系：atthistime;first;second;atlast;next；previously;simultaneously;eventually；lastbutnotleast；tobeginwith；tostartwith；toendwith；finally；seeing...；sincethen；firstofall；afterwards;followingthis;precedingthis.2)因果关系：because；becauseofthis；beingthat；anotherimportantfactor／reasonof...；since；as；for；inthat...；owingto；dueto；forthereasonthat...；inviewof；thereasonseemstobeobvious;thereareabout...；forthisreason;asaresultofthis；therefore；...andso...；consequently；asaresult；thus；hence；so；sothat...；inconsequence；asaconsequence；accordingly;inevitably;undertheseconditions;thereupon.常用的英语连词1)先后次序关系：atthistime;3)转折关系：but；evenso；however；though；eventhough；independentof；recklessof；despitethat；inspiteofthat；regardlessof;yet...；andyet；but，unless.4)并列关系：and;also；too；aswellas；either...，or...；both...and...5)(补充)递进关系：furthermore；moreover；further；Inthisway；still；notonly...butalso...；not...but...；inaddition(to)；additionally,muchmoreinteresting,morespecifically,next,besides；asfaras...isconcerned;moreover；inotherwords；alongthislineofconsideration；ontheonehand...，ontheotherhand...；even；asapoplarsayinggoes...；inordertodoit...;meanwhile；atthesametime；accordingly；Inthefirstplace...，inthesecondplace...;equallyimportant;ofevengreaterappeal.3)转折关系：but；evenso；however；th6)比较关系：similarly;inlikemanner,incomparisonwith；whencomparedwith；comparedwith；wheninfact...;like...；likewise；similarlyimportant；apartfrom(doing)...；...ratherthan...，bydoingso；both…and...;inthesameway;notonly...but(also).7)对照(不同点)：yet;still;forallofthat;notwithstanding;rather;neither...nor;although;though;but;however;somethingisjusttheotherwayaround；yet;conversely；unlike；opposedto;asopposedto；incontrast(to)；bywayof；onthecontrary；differentfromthis；asopposedtothis；nevertheless;contraryto；whereas；while；butontheotherhand.6)比较关系：similarly;inlikema8)举例关系:forexample；forinstance；inthiscase;namely；asyouknow；youmayas／say；asheexplains；like；suchas；acaseinpointis...;consider...；inparticular；including...；foronething...，foranother...；putitsimply；statedroughly；asanillustration，Iwillsay...；agoodexample(of...)wouldbe...；todetailthis，Iwouldliketo...；Itisinterestingtonotethat...；inthissituation;asproof;takethecaseof;takeasexample(something)；asfor;asregards；asto；accordingto;onthisoccasion.9)强调关系：infact;especially；particularly；moreover；naturally;whatismoreimportant；inreality；certainly;ofcourse;indeed;inparticular；nottomention...；believeitornot；undeniably;otherthingbeingequal；itiscertain／surethat...；tobestrict;tobetrue；bydefinition;definitely;undoubtedly;withoutadoubt;intruth,inanyevent;withoutreservation;obviously,notonly..but(also...),both...and...8)举例关系:forexample；forinsta10)条件关系:if；unless;lest；providedthat；ifitisthecase；inthissense；once...；ifpossible；ifnecessary；ifso；ifnotall;ifanything.11)归纳总结类：inotherwords；onthewhole;insum;therefore；hence；inshort；inbrief；tosumup；inconclusion;insummary；toconclude；theconclusioncanbedrawnthat...;forthisreason;inshort.12)地点关系：beyond;o