Unit1单元基础知识鲁教版八年级英语上册

Unit1Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?基础知识一、重点词汇：根据要求写出单词的相应形式。throw（过去式）sweep（过去式）lend（过去式）develop（名词）ill（名词）fair（名词）反义词翻译短语

1.thereisnoneedforsbtodosth2.itisnotenoughtodosth3.theearlier,thebetter6.倒垃圾7.叠衣服8.扫地9.整理床铺10.一直;总是，频繁，反复11.惊讶地12.闲逛13.浪费时间/钱14..为了15.一......就.....、16.依赖;依靠;取决于17.照顾；照看18.在某事上花费......19.结果是20.为某人提供某物三、翻译句子1.彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Peter,________________________________________?好的，当然可以。_____________________________.2.(2015·枣庄中考)你能带我去散散步吗?(could...please)____________________________________3.至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？___________atleastfinishwatchingthisshow?不，你不能。______________.我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。Ithink_______________________foryou!注意：时间、金钱、距离做主语时谓语用单数。如，100dollarsisenough.6.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。Mymomcameover_____________IsatdowninfrontoftheTV.=___________IsatdowninfrontoftheTV,Mymomcameover7.我和你一样累！I'mjust_____________youare!=You'retired,__________/________.8.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkand_______________=___________________didnotdoanyhouseworkforaweek.9.在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。____________________________acleanandcomfortableenvironmentathome________theirchildren.注意：Itisone’sjobtodosth做某事是某人的工作/义务。10.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。Doingchoreshelpsto_________________________andteachesthemhowto______________themselves.11孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。_____________kidslearntobeindependent,___________itisfortheirfuture.注意：the+比较级，the+比较级“越......越......”如，Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradesyoucanget.你学习越努力，你就越能取得更好的分数。Themorecarefulweare,thefewermistakeswewillmake.我们越仔细，我们出的错误就会越中考链接树种得越多，空气越清新____________________________________（2017威海）12.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上Theyshould___________theirtime__________schoolwork_____________getgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.注意：spend…onsth./(in)doingsth.花费(时间/金钱)在……上/做某事中考链接（18潍坊改编）我表姐每周花两个小时的时间学京剧．（spend…in…）Mycousin__________twohours_________BeijingOperaevery/eachweek．13..一星期前，我向我同学借了一本书。(borrow…from)_____________________________________________（2017枣庄）14.这两道物理题都不难，王华很轻松地做出来了。

（2016烟台）_____

_______the

physics

problems

is

difficult．Wang

Hua

worked

them

out

easily15.请把盐递给我好吗？（2016威海）单元达标练习一、单项选择。1.---CouldI____yourdictionary?---Sure.Butyoumustn’t______ittoothers.A.borrow,lendB.lend,lendC.lend,borrowD.borrow,borrow2.---CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday,Scott?---I’mafraid_____possible.I’llbeverybusyonthosetwodays.A.eitherB.neitherC.everyD.each3.---Wouldyoumindnot_____noise?Aliceissleeping.–---Sorry,Ididn’tknow.I________shewasawake.A.make,thinkB.making,thoughtC.making,thinkD.make,thought4.—Whenwillyoureturnthebooktome?—I’llgiveittoyou_______Ifinishit. A.once B.until C.assoonas D.unless5.（18滨州）— Iswimhere?（8上1）—I’mChildren swimalonehere.verydangerous.A.Must;can’tB.May;must C.Can;mustn’t D.Can’t;can6.（18日照）–Beautifulskirt!______Itryiton?

（8上1）–Sorry.It’ssoldalready.A.Need B.May C.Will D.Must7.--AreyougoingtoBraziltowatch2014FIFAWorldCup(2014年世界杯足球赛)thissummer?--I’mnotsure.It________timeandweather.A.dependsonB.caresaboutC.agreestoD.findsout8..—Couldyoupleasehaveawalkwithme?—Sorry,I__.Ihavesomethingimportanttodonow.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.maynot9..—CouldIuseyourdictionaryforawhile?—______.It'sonthedesk.A.Yes,sureB.TakeiteasyC.You'vegotitD.Sorry,youcan’t10.IhaveneverbeentoBeijingforthesummerholidays,and_________he.（2017菏泽中考）A.sohas

B.neitherhas

C.sohave

D.neitherhave11.--Whatdoyouthinkof‘Eat-up’Campaign(光盘行动)?--Ithinkit’sreallynecessary.ItisreportedthatthefoodthatChinesepeople_____everyyearisenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.A.eat B.have C.waste D.make12..Oneofthebestwaysforpeopletokeephealthyisto_______goodeatinghabits.A.growB.developC.increaseD.find13.－Doyouoftengetonline?－Yes.I______lotsoftimeonit.It'sagoodwaytokilltime.A.costB.spendC.takeD.use14.----Wouldyouliketogototheamusementpark? ----IfJackdoes,__________.A.Igo,tooB.sowillIC.neitherwillID.sodoI15.—Sir,couldyoupleaseputoutyourcigarette?Thisisasmoke-free(无烟的)school.—_________________A.I'msorryaboutthis.B.Noproblem.C.Sure,I'dloveto.D.Nevermind.16.Man'sunderstandingofnatureisdeveloping____.Itneverstaysatthesamelevel.A.attherighttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.fromtimetotimeD.allthetime17.Alotofdoctorsgathered(聚集)inHarbin____save“China’mostbeautifulteacher”—Ms.ZhangLili.A.sothatB.inordertoC.inorderthatD.asaresult18..—Couldyoupleaseprovideus____someinformationaboutthestudents’health?—Ofcourse,it'smypleasure.A.toB.ofC.fromD.with19..Thanksforyourinvitation,butI’msosorryIcan’tgo.Ineedto______mybabyathome.A.takeawayB.takeoffC.takecareofD.takeafter20..Themoreyousmile,the___youwillfeel.A.happyB.happierC.happilyD.morehappily21.Tom,couldyouplease___thebox?It’sforyoursister.A.notopenB.don’topenC.nottoopenD.tonotopen22.There’smeatathome.Couldyoupleasegoandbuy? A.some;alittle B.alittle;any C.little;some D.little;any23..﹣Couldyougoswimmingwithmethisafternoon，Jane？（2017烟台中考）﹣，butIhavetodothechoresfirst．（）A．Idliketo B．OfcoursenotC．Idon'tmind D．Itsnothing24..School

clubs

are

lively

places

where

students

are

encouraged

to

_______

their

interest．（16莱芜）A.developB.depend C.perform D.overcome25.weworkatEnglish，thebettergradeswewillget．（17青岛）A．Harder B．Thehardest C．Hardest D．Theharder二、根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在答题卡相应的位置上。1.—Couldyoupleasesthefloor?—Yes,sure.2.（18淄博）Teachersshouldpchancesforstudentstodosomeresearch．3._________（既然）youagreewithme,let’sstarttogether..4（19烟台改编）It'snecessarytodividethewasteintodifferentkindsbeforewe______itaway．（8上1）5..Tomfellillallthetimelastterm,sohisgrades_______（落下）.6..Lucycuther________(手指)，shecouldn’tdoanything.7..Kidsthesedayshaveenough__________（压力）fromschool.8.Please________________(传递)theballtome.（2016聊城）三、用所给单词的适当形式填空1..Ifyou__________(notbe)carefulenoughintheexam,youwillnotgetagoodgrade.2.Howtimeisflies!Threeyears_______(be)reallyashorttime.3.Weare____________atthe_____________news.(surprise)4.Ihate_________(do)chores.5..Doingchoreshelpstounderstandtheideaof___________(fair).6.Itis___________(fair)tomakemedosomuchworkandgivemesolittlemoney.7.Don’tspendtoomuchtime____________(play)computergames.8.Intheolddays,manypeoplediedfrom__________(ill)9.Withthe__________(develop)oftechnology,ourlifeisgettingbetterandbetter.10.Ihate_________(do)chores.四、阅读理解（19济南）OnApril1st,AprilFoolsDay,friendsplayfuntricksoneachother.OneyearatcollegemyfriendsandIwantedtoplayareallybigtrickonourteacher,Jason.Hewasafunguywholovedtricks. - MyfriendsandIbought300balloonsandatotofcoloredpaper.ThenwebeganblowingalltheballoonsupandfillingthemwiththeColoredpaper.Ittookusallday,butintheendweblewupall300balloons. Mark,Jason'sroommate,gaveusthekeytotheirapartment.WhenJasonleft,wewentintotheapartment,andputalltheballoonsinJason’sbedroomandbathroom.WehidinthebedroomandbathroomandwaitedforJasontocomehome.WhenJasoncameback,hewentintothebathroomfirst.Hesawtheballoonsandshouted,“What?!"Andthenwebeganpopping（爆裂）theballoons.Therewascoloredpapereverywhere!Jasonlaughedandlaughed.4<OKguys,”hesaid;“Thatwasfunny,butI’mtiredandI’mgoingtobed.”Hewentintohisbedroomandsawtheotherballoons.“Comeonguys,”hesaid,“No,no!”Ibeganpoppingtheballoons.Jasonbeganlaughingagainandshakinghishead.“Thisisjusttoomuch,Scott!”hecried,asthecoloredpaperwasfallingallovertheroom.Afterthat,wehelpedJasoncleanupthecoloredpaper. ItwasareallyfunAprilFool’sDay!1.Scottplayedatrickonhis onAprilFool'sDay.A.friend B.teacher C.studentD.brother2.Scottandhisfriendsspent blowingupthe300balloons.A.aday B.aweek C.amonthD.anhour3.Jasonfeltit whentheballoonswerepopped.A.scaryB.boringC.funnyD.relaxing4.WhatdidScottandhisfriendsdobeforetheyleftJason'sapartment?A.Theytoldafewstories.B.Theyhidthekeyintheapartment.C.Theydranksomecoffee.D.Theycleanedupthecoloredpaper.5.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TeachersandStudentsB.AprilFool’sDayBalloonsC.AGoodCollegeTeacherD.JasonandHisRoommate五、18滨州动词应用（共10小题，计10分）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。OneConfucius()ledhisstudentstotheStateofChu.Whencrossingthroughalargeforest,theysawanoldman(81) (stand)underatree,catchingcicadas(蝉)withabamboostick.Confuciussaid,areverygoodat(82) (catch)cicadas.musthavesomespecialskills.”“That’sright!”theoldmananswered.“Thecicadaisacleverlittleinsect.Iftheyhearthenoiseoftheleavesinthewind,they(83) (fly).Therefore,peoplewhowanttocatchcicadas(84) theirhandstoholdabamboostickwithoutshaking.Ifyoucanplacethreepellets(弹珠)ontopofthebamboostickwithoutfallingoff,youmightbeabletocatchcicadas;whenfivepellets(85) (place)ontopwithoutfallingoff,catchingcicadasisaseasyas(86) (pick)aballupfromtheground.”Hethenadded,“Butthatisnotenough.Peoplemustbegoodathidingthemselves.RightI(87) (stand)underatreelikehalfofatreestump(树桩).Lastofall,onemustbeattentive(专心的).WhenIamcatchingcicadas,Ionlyseetheirwings.Nomatterwhat(88) (happen),nothingwilldisturbme.Hearingthis,Confucius(89) (turn)tohisstudentsandsaid,“Nomatterwhatyoudo,youcanonlysucceedifyoulovewhatyou’redoingandpayenoughattentiontoit.Thisiswhatthisoldman(90) (teach)us.”六、、19莱芜综合填空阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。Ayoungcoupledecidedtogoc_____51_____inthemountainstocelebratetheirfirstyearofmarriage（结婚）.Theytookwiththemthet_____52_____theywouldneed—warmclothes,foodandatent.Theywentuptothemountainsandf_____53_____afineplacetosetuptheirrent.Thentheydecidedtogoforahike（徒步旅行）toseemoreofthemountains.A_____54_____alonghike,theywentbacktotheircamp,builtafireandcookedd____55____.Finally,itwastimetogotosleep.Sometimesinthemiddleofthen____56____,thewifewokeupherhusbandandsaid:”Lookupatthesky.Whatdoyousee?”Herhusbandanswered,”Iseem_____57_____ofstarsinthesky.”Hiswifesaid:”That’sright.W______58______doesthemeantoyou?”Thehusbandsaid:”Well,iftherearesomanystarsoutthere,thatmeanstheremighta_____59_____beaplanetjustlikeours.Andifthat’strue,thentherecouldbelifeononeofthoseplanets.That’skindofe______60______!”Hiswifesaid:”Youarewrong.Itmeansthatsomeonehasstolenourtent!”七、书面表达（共1题，计20分）act,weimprove”4.要求：2－3分；80Weact,weimproveLadiesandgentlemen,Wehaveenteredanewera.Asstudents,it’sourdutytostudyhard.Buttobeaqualifiedmiddleschoolstudent,Ithinkwehavealotofthingstodo.参考答案：单项选择：1-5：ABBCC6-10:BACAB11-15:CBBBA16-20:DBDCB21-25ACAAD四、阅读理解1-5：BACDB五、动词应用：81.standing 82.catching 83.willfly 84.musttrain 85.areplacedpicking 87.amstanding 88.happens 89.turned 90.hastaught综合填空【答案】51.camping52.things53.found54.After55.dinner56.night57.millions58.What59.also60.exciting【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一对夫妇为了庆祝结婚一周年，去山上露营的事情。他们准备了必需品后就到了山上。在山上找了一个好地方搭起了帐篷。然后他们决定去远足去看更多的山色。经过长时间的徒步旅行之后，他们回到营地，生火做饭。然后休息。到了半夜的时候，帐篷被人偷走了。【51题详解】句意：一对年轻夫妇决定去山上露营庆祝他们结婚一周年。由语境和首字母提示，可知填：camp；本题考查：；这里camping是现在分词，做目的状语。gocamping=gotocamp(camp这里是动词表示“野营”)即：“去的目的是野营”。故答案为：camping。【52题详解】句意：他们带上了他们需要的东西——温暖的衣服、食物和帐篷。由语境和首字母提示，可知填：thing；根据theywouldneed—warmclothes,foodandatent.他们需要的东西——温暖的衣服、食物和帐篷。这是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词thing，而且再由Theytookwiththem，可知，他们带的东西很多，因此先行词thing应该用复数things。故答案为：things。【53题详解】句意：他们在山上找了一个好地方来搭帐篷。由语境和首字母提示，可知填：find；分析句子Theywentuptothemountainsandf_____3_____afineplacetosetuptheirrent.的结构可知，and连接并列句，前后的时态应该一致，因此本题应该填find的过去式found。故答案为：found。【54题详解】句意：经过长时间的徒步旅行之后，他们回到营地，生火做饭。由语境和首字母提示，可知填：after；根据上文的句子Thentheydecidedtogoforahike（徒步旅行）toseemoreofthemountains.然后他们决定去远足去看更多的山色。再结合下文theywentbacktotheircamp,builtafireandcooked,他们回到营地，生火做饭。应该是在徒步旅行之后，回来做饭。因此应该填after，首字母要大写。故答案为：After。【55题详解】句意：经过长时间的徒步旅行之后，他们回到营地，生火做饭。由语境和首字母提示，可知填：dinner；根据Finally,itwastimetogotosleep.最后，该睡觉了。可以推知，他们回来是做的晚饭，故答案为：dinner。【56题详解】句意：到了半夜的时候，妻子叫醒丈夫说：“抬头看天空。你看到什么了？”由语境和首字母提示，可知填：night；根据Finally,itwastimetogotosleep.最后，该睡觉了。接下来应该是晚上发生的事情。inthemiddleofthenight：半夜；故答案为：night。【57题详解】句意：她丈夫回答说：“我看到天上有数百万颗星星。”由语境和首字母提示，可知填：million；因为空后面有of，因此用millions，millionsof：数百万的；语境是：天上有数百万颗星星。故答案为：millions。【58题详解】句意：他妻子说：“没错。这对你意味着什么？”由语境和首字母提示，可知填：what；分析该句子结构W___8____doesthemeantoyou?可知，该句话为特殊疑问句，而且首字母是w，因此应该用what来指代上文的“看见天上有数百万颗星星这件事情。”，首字母要大写。故答案为：What。【59题详解】句意：好吧，如果有这么多恒星，那就意味着也可能有一个和我们一样的行星。分析句子Well,iftherearesomanystarsoutthere,thatmeanstheremighta____9___beaplanetjustlikeours.的结构可知，该空在be动词之前，而且首字母是a，因此应该填also：其位置大多放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前；故答案为：also。【60题详解】句意：真令人兴奋！根据Well,iftherearesomanystarsoutthere,thatmeanstheremighta_____9_____beaplanetjustlikeours.Andif