广东省梅州市高三英语总复习质检试题（含解析）

广东省梅州市2020届高三英语总复习质检试题（含解析）本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyouarecrazyaboutpaintings,youshouldn’tmissthefollowingfourfamousmasterpieceswhichhavestoodthetestoftime.TheArnolfiniPortraitJanvanEyck’sArnolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434,inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher,isundoubtedlyoneofthemasterpiecesintheNationalGallery,London.Thispaintingisasvisuallyinterestingasitisfamed.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentonfifteenth-centurysociety,throughvanEyck’sheavyuseofsymbolism—whilehusbandswentouttoengageinbusiness,wivesconcernedthemselveswithdomesticduties.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight,oiloncanvas(帆布),amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanexpressivenightskyoverasmallhillsidevillage,duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint-Rémy-de-Provence,Francebetween1889and1890.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh’smostfamousworks.TheHarvestersTheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.ItdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofAugustandSeptember.NicolaesJonghelinck,amerchantbankerandartcollectorfromAntwerp,commissionedthispainting.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.GuernicaGuernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.Thetitle“Guernica”referstothecitythatwasbombedbyNaziplanesduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult,hascometobeananti-warsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.Today,thepaintingishousedattheMuseoNacionalCentrodeArteReinaSofaíinMadrid.1.Whichofthefollowingpaintingswasproducedearliest?A.TheArnolfiniPortrait B.TheStarryNight.C.TheHarvesters. D.Guernica.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight?A.Itwaspaintedonwoodinoil.B.Itwasn’twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.C.Itdescribedthepainter’slifeinhospital.D.Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.3.Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingthetragedyofwar?A.PieterBruegeltheElder. B.VincentvanGogh.C.JanvanEyck. D.PabloPicasso.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四幅名画——从扬·凡·艾克的肖像画到巴勃罗·毕加索的杰作。它们都经受住了时间的考验。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段TheAmolfiniPortrait中的JanvanEyck’sAmolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434.第三段TheStarryNight中的duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint-Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween1889and1890.第四段TheHarvesters中的TheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.和第五段Guernica中的Guernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.可知，TheAmolfiniPortrait是最早创作的画。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheStarryNight中的WhentheMuseumofModemArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh'smostfamousworks.(1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不为人所知，但后来却成了梵高最著名的作品之一。)可知，TheStarryNight在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Guernica的Guernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.(格尔尼卡是一幅黑白相间的大型油画，由古巴画家巴勃罗·毕加索于1937年创作。)和Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult,hascometobeananti-warsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.(这幅画描绘了战争的恐怖，因此成为反战的象征，并提醒人们战争的悲剧。)可推断，巴勃罗·毕加索创造的油画描述了战争的悲剧。故选D。【点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解中常见的题型。考生在做这类题时一定要仔细审题，弄懂题干，题干当中往往有重要信息，然后回文定位，找到依据。比如此题第2题，根据题干定位TheStarryNight部分中的WhentheMuseumofModemArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh'smostfamousworks.(1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不为人所知，但后来却成了梵高最著名的作品之一。)可知，TheStarryNight在1941年之前没有被广泛认可。故选B。BPangolins(穿山甲)arethemosttrafficked(非法交易)mammalsintheworldandarefacingextinction.Todrawattentiontothesescaly(有鳞片的),anteater-likeanimals,anewwildlifedocumentary,EyeofthePangolin,isattemptingauniquewaytoinspireactionandconservation.Partneringwiththenon-profitorganizationPangolin.Africa,thedocumentarywasmadeavailableonYouTubeinMay2019.TheintentionistoreachcommunitieswherevertheInternetisavailable,especiallyAfricancommunities,wholiveneartheanimal’shabitats.Overtwoyears,thedocumentarycrewtraveledtoSouthAfrica,Ghana,CentralAfricanRepublicandGaboninsearchofthefouruniquespeciesofpangolin,whichhasneverbeenachievedbefore.FilmmakersBruceYoungandJohanVermeulensaythattheywentintotheshootknowingrelativelylittleaboutpangolins,butgrewtorespectandappreciatetheanimals.Gettingclosetothecreaturesovertwoyearswasacrashcourseinthesesecretivecreatures.JohanVermeulensaid,"Onethinghoweverthatmightseemunimportantisthattheyareactuallyquitefussyeaters.Youwouldthinktheywouldeatanytypeofant,buttheyallpreferaspecifictypeant."PangolinsarehuntedillegallyacrossAfricafortheirscales,whichareusedfortraditionalmedicine,andtheirmeat.InApril2019,Singaporeancustomsofficialsconductedtwoseparateseizuresof24tonsofpangolinscales,whichequalstothedeathof69,000pangolins.Thoughthedocumentaryfocuseslessonthetraffickingofpangolins,andmoreontheanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat,theaimofthedocumentaryistoinspireviewersaroundtheworldtocallforactiontoendtraffickingandprotectingtheseuniquecreatures.FilmedonlocationinSouthAfrica,Ghana,CentralAfricanRepublic,andGabon,thispowerfuldocumentaryisthestoryoftwomenonamissiontogetallfourspeciesofAfricanpangolinoncamerafortheveryfirsttime.4.Whatisthepurposeofthedocumentary?A.Tostudythesituationofpangolins.B.Tocollectfundtoprotectpangolins.C.Toraiseawarenessofpangolinprotection.D.Toproposesettinguppangolinreserves.5.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“fussy”inparagraph2?A.Picky. B.Messy.C.Showy. D.Heavy.6.What’sthedocumentarymainlyabout?A.Theillegaltradeofpangolins.B.Themedicalfunctionofpangolin'sscales.C.Thelifeofpangolinsintheirnaturalhabitats.D.TheeffortsofPangolin,Africatosavepangolins.7.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?AAbrochure. B.Adiary.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。穿山甲是世界上被贩运最频繁的哺乳动物，并且正面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“theaimofthedocumentaryistoinspireviewersaroundtheworldtocallforactiontoendtraffickingandprotectingtheseuniquecreatures.”可知，该纪录片的目的是呼吁全世界的观看者采取行动，制止贩运从而保护这些独特的生物。因此，该纪录片的目的是提高对穿山甲保护的认识。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Onethinghoweverthatmightseemunimportantisthattheyareactuallyquitefussyeaters.Youwouldthinktheywouldeatanytypeofant,buttheyallpreferaspecifictypeant.”可知，穿山甲实际上是挑剔的食者。你会认为他们会吃任何类型的蚂蚁，但他们更喜欢特定类型的蚂蚁。即划线词“fussy”意为“挑剔”的。A.Picky.挑剔的；B.Messy.凌乱的；C.Showy.显眼的；D.Heavy.沉重的。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thoughthedocumentaryfocuseslessonthetraffickingofpangolins,andmoreontheanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat”可知，该纪录片的重点不是穿山甲的贩运，而是更多地关注自然栖息地的穿山甲。因此这部纪录片的主要内容是穿山甲在自然栖息地的生活。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pangolinsarethemosttraffickedmammalsintheworldandarefacingextinction.Todrawattentiontothesescaly,anteater-likeanimals,anewwildlifedocumentary,EyeofthePangolin,isattemptingauniquewaytoinspireactionandconservation.”可知，穿山甲正面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。由这个话题内容可知，文章最有可能来自一本动物保护方面的杂志。A.Abrochure.一本小册子；B.Adiary.一本日记；C.Anovel.一本小说；D.Amagazine.一本杂志。故选D。CThekilldeer,asmallbirdknownforitshigh-pitchedcall,couldleadtothecancellationofoneofCanada’biggestmusicfestivals.ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa’sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground.“Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe’vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,”saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival.“Anythingthatchangestheschedulehasamajoreffect,sowe’retakingitveryseriously.”Thediscoverymeantthatgovernmentofficialsrushedtoprotectthenestandtheeggs,hiringasecurityguardtowatchoverthem24hoursaday.Environmentalistswerealsobroughtin.“Wedon’tknowwhentheeggsmighthatch,”saidMonahan.Whatisknownisthattheyoungkilldeerwilllikelyleavethenestsoonaftertheyarehatched,leadingmanytohopethattheeggshatchinthenextdayorso.ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocatethenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.Movingthenestwouldalsoensurethebirdanditsyoungwouldbeprotectedduringthefestival’s11-dayrun,saidMonahan.It’shighlylikelythatthefestival’sthousandsofattendeeswouldcausehugeproblemsforthebirdanditseggs.Monahanwasconfidentthatthefestivalwouldgoonasplanned,however.“Mostofthepeoplewe’reworkingwitharelookingforapositivesolution,”Monahansaid.“Thereisnoonesayingthatthefestivalcan’tgoon.”Asnewsofthedilemmaspread,itleftresidentsdivided.Somesupportedthebird,sayingthatmovingthenestmightresultintheeggsbeingabandoned.Othersexpressedannoyancethatprotectingtheeggsofthesmallbird,whichiswidespreadacrossNorthAmerica,wasriskinganannualfestivalthatcontributesmillionsofdollarstothelocaleconomy.Thekilldeer’stendencytobuilditsnestinopenfieldsorflatareashascausedissuesinotherareasoftheUS:earlierthisyear,constructiononahealthcenterinWisconsinwastemporarilystoppedafterakilldeeranditsfoureggswerediscovered.8.WhichisTRUEaboutBluesfest?A.ItisthefirstmusicfestivalinCanada.B.Itisanimportanteventformusiclovers.C.Itisamusicfestivalheldeverytwoyears.D.ItisachallengingoutdooractivityinOttawa.9.WhatwasespeciallychallengingforBluesfestthisyear?A.Pressurefromthegovernment.B.Disagreementswiththepublic.C.Theneedtoprotectthebird’seggs.DThelackofexperienceinhostingtheevent.10.Howdidthefestivalplantodealwiththeproblem?A.Movethenesttoanotherplace.B.Askgovernmentofficialsforhelp.C.Seekadvicefromenvironmentalists.D.Hiresecurityguardstoprotecttheeggs.11.WhatwasMonahan’sattitudetowardhostingthefestival?A.Negative. B.Indifferent.C.Unsure. D.Positive.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。对于音乐爱好者来说，非常重大的加拿大音乐事件Bluesfest,，在上周工作人员在现场发现了一只小水鸟，它在附近下了四个蛋，把主要舞台区域作为它的筑巢地，以及就主办方准备将鸟巢搬离此处引发了人们讨论。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa’sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.可知，渥太华的Bluesfest，是一个每年吸引约30万人参加的户外节日。因此Bluesfest,对音乐爱好者来说是一个重要的事件。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground.可知，小水鸟在舞台附近下了4个蛋，和“Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe’vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,”saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival.(音乐节执行总监说：“这是我们面临的最具挑战性的问题之一，我觉得我们可以解决这个问题”。)可知，保护鸟蛋是今年Bluesfest面临挑战的事情。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬迁)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.(现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可，将鸟巢迁移到50米外，或带到野生动物中心)可以得知为了解决这个问题，节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的Monahanwasconfidentthatthefestivalwouldgoonasplanned,however.(然而，莫纳汉相信这个节日会按计划进行。)可知，Monahan对本次音乐节如期举行充满信心。故选D。【点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解中常见的题型。考生在做这类题时一定要仔细审题，弄懂题干，题干当中往往有重要信息，然后回文定位，找到依据。比如此题第3题，根据第五段的ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬迁)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.(现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可，将鸟巢迁移到50米外，或带到野生动物中心)可以得知为了解决这个问题，节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。故选A。DMostpeoplearen’tgoodatcreativeproblemsolvingfortworeasons:First,theyarenottrainedinhowtobecreative.Second,theydon’tunderstandgroupstrengthwellenoughtoharness(驾驭)theirpowertomaximizegroupcreativity.Akeyelementofcreativityisapplyingexistingknowledgetoanewproblem.Themorepeoplegettinginvolvedinsolvingit,themoreknowledgethereistoworkonit.Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.Whengroupsgettogethertoexchangeideas,theyactuallycomeupwithfewerideasoverallthaniftheyeachhadworkedalone.Tofixthisproblem,youshouldconsiderthetwostagesofgroupproblem-solving:divergence(分散)andconvergence(集中).Divergencehappenswhenthegroupconsidersasmanydifferentpotentialsolutionsaspossible.Convergencehappenswhenthevariousproposedsolutionsareevaluatedandreducedtoasmallersetofcandidatesolutionstothecurrentproblem.Theessentialprincipleofgroupcreativityisthatindividualsworkingalonediverge,whereasgroupmembersworkingtogetherconverge.Ingroups,onceamemberstatesapotentialsolution,itmakesothersthinkabouttheproblemsimilarly.Thatiswhygroupsworkingtogetherdivergelessthanindividualsworkingalone.Therefore,beawareofwhentodivergeandwhentoconverge.Forexample,earlyintheproblem-solvingprocess,havegroupmembersworkalonetowritedownstatementsdescribingtheproblem.Thengetthembacktodiscusstheirdescriptions.Thegroupdiscussionwillleadeveryonetoacceptoneorasmallnumberofthesestatementstoworkon—thisishealthyconvergence.Whenstartingtogeneratesolutions,youagainwantdivergence.Havepeopleworkalonetostart.Thencollectpeople’sinitialideasandsendthemaroundtoothersandallowthedivergencetocontinueaseveryoneindividuallybuildsontheideasofothermembers.Finally,letthegroupdiscusstheresultingideas.Thisdiscussionwillgraduallyleadthegrouptoconvergeonasmallnumberofcandidatesolutions.Thissimplemethodworkseffectively,becauseitrespectswhatindividualsandgroupsdobest.12.Wecaninferthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethods______.A.enablepeopletoformmoreideastogetherB.greatlyencouragegroupcreativityC.actuallylimitgroupcreativityD.preventpeople’sinvolvementintheproblems13.AccordingtoPara.4,whenamemberpresentsanidea,otherstendto_____.A.thinktheotherwayround B.followhiswayofthinkingC.bemoreconfidentintheirownideas D.belesswillingtosharetheirownideas14.Whatshouldgroupmembersfirstdoearlyintheproblem-solvingprocess?A.Discusstheproblem. B.Putdowngroupstatementstogether.C.Simplifytheproblem. D.Writedowntheirindividualdescriptions.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AsimplewaytomakegroupthinkingmoreeffectiveB.DifficultiesinorganizinggroupthinkingC.DifferencesbetweendivergenceandconvergenceD.Advantagesofgroupthinkingoverindividualthinking【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了团体不擅长创造性解决问题的原因以及提出了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第二段Akeyelementofcreativityisapplyingexistingknowledgetoanewproblem.Themorepeoplegettinginvolvedinsolvingit,themoreknowledgethereistoworkonit.Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.可知，创造力的一个关键因素是应用现有知识解决新问题，人们越多地涉及创新地解决问题，就会有越多的知识被应用，不幸的是，研究表明：传统的脑力风暴并不能如愿以偿达到目的。所以研究表明，传统的头脑风暴方法实际上限制了团队的创造力。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第四段Ingroups,onceamemberstatesapotentialsolution,thatmakesothersthinkabouttheproblemsimilarly.可知，在团体，一旦一个成员阐述了一个潜在的解决办法，就会使其他成员对这个问题有类似的想法。所以根据第4段，当一个成员提出一个想法时，其他人往往会跟随他的思维方式。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第五段Forexample,earlyintheproblem-solvingprocess,havegroupmembersworkalonetowritedownstatementsdescribingtheproblem.可知，在问题解决过程的早期，团队成员应该首先写下他们各自的叙述。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的Mostpeoplearen’tgoodatcreativeproblemsolvingfortworeasons.可知，第一段提到众人不擅长创造性解决问题的原因有两个。再根据第二段“Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.Whengroupsgettogethertoexchangeideas,theyactuallycomeupwithfewerideasoverallthaniftheyeachhadworkedalone”可知，不幸的是，研究表明，传统的头脑风暴方法未能实现这一目标。当团队聚在一起交流想法时，他们实际上提出的想法比各自单独工作时要少。所以短文的前两段提出了团体不擅长创造性解决问题的原因以及现存的团队创造力解决方法的弊端，短文从第三段起就上述现象提出了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。因此推断文章主要讲述了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。故A项“一种使团体更具有创造力的方法”为最佳标题。故选A项。【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心，确定主旨大意和标题：要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本题第4小题，根据第一段的Mostpeoplearen’tgoodatcreativeproblemsolvingfortworeasons.可知，第一段提到众人不擅长创造性解决问题的原因有两个。再根据第二段“Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.Whengroupsgettogethertoexchangeideas,theyactuallycomeupwithfewerideasoverallthaniftheyeachhadworkedalone”可知，不幸的是，研究表明，传统的头脑风暴方法未能实现这一目标。当团队聚在一起交流想法时，他们实际上提出的想法比各自单独工作时要少。所以短文的前两段提出了团体不擅长创造性解决问题的原因以及现存的团队创造力解决方法的弊端，短文从第三段起就上述现象提出了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。因此推断文章主要讲述了一种使团体更具有创造力的方法。故A项“一种使团体更具有创造力的方法”为最佳标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。InStressfulTimes,MakeStressWorkforYouThesearestressfultimes.Fortunately,wecanactuallyusethatstresstoimproveourhealthandwell-being.Overadecadeofresearchsuggeststhatit’snotthetypeoramountofstressthatdeterminesitsimpact.___16___.Buthowcanwechangeourstressmind-set?Step1:AcknowledgeYourStressLabelingyourstressconsciouslyanddeliberatelymovesneuralactivityfromtheamygdala—thecenterofemotionandfear—totheprefrontalcortex,whichisresponsibleforexecutivecontrolandplanning.Inotherwords,whenwetakeamomenttoacknowledgeourstress,itmovesusfromoperatingfromafearful,reactiveplacetoapositionwherewecanbethoughtfulanddeliberate.___17___.Step2:OwnYourStress___18___Weonlystressaboutthingsthatwecareabout.Byowningourstress,weconnecttothepositivemotivationorpersonalvaluebehindourstress.Trycompletingthissentenceaboutwhateverwasspecificallystressingyououtinstepone:''I'mstressedabout…becauseIdeeplycareabout…''.Step3:___19___Connectingtothecorevaluesbehindyourstresssetsyouupforthethirdandmostessentialstep:usingstresstoachieveyourgoalsandconnectmoredeeplywiththethingsthatmattermost.Askyourself:Areyourtypicalresponsesinalignmentwiththevaluesbehindyourstress?Thinkabouthowyoumightchangeyourresponsetothisstresstobetterfacilitateyourgoalsandyourpurpose.There'ssomuchhappeningrightnowthatwecan'tcontrol.____20____.Somepsychologistsarguethattruetransformativechangecanoccuronlyduringstressorcrises.Thetrickistochannelyourstressasenergytomakethemostofthistime.A.UseYourStress.B.ControlYourStress.C.Thenextstepistowelcome,or''own'',yourstress.D.Instead,it'sourmind-setaboutstressthatmattersmost.E.However,therearealsounprecedentedopportunitiesamidthefear.F.It'salsoachancetounderstandwhat'sattheheartofyourpersonalstress.G.Butlater,wewillbeabletoaskourselveshowweeachrespondedtothiscrisis.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.A20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何利用压力来改善我们的健康和幸福的三个步骤。【16题详解】上文Overadecadeofresearchsuggeststhatit'snotthetypeoramountofstressthatdeterminesitsimpact.(超过10年的研究表明，不是压力的类型和数量决定了它的影响)D.Instead,it'sourmind-setaboutstressthatmattersmost.(相反，我们对压力的心态最重要)承接自然，determine和matter是关键词，故选D项。【17题详解】上文Inotherwords,whenwetakeamomenttoacknowledgeourstress,itmovesusfromoperatingafearful,reactiveplacetoapositionwherewecanbethoughtfulanddeliberate.(换句话来说，当我们用一点时间承认我们的压力，它就让我们从一个可怕反应的状态变为一个可以深思熟虑的状态)与F.It'salsoachancetounderstandwhat'sattheheartofyourpersonalstress.(这也是一个了解你个人压力的核心所在的机会)承接自然，上下文都讲述承认自己压力带来的好处，构成明显的并列关系，故选F项。【18题详解】C.Thenextstepistowelcome,or''own'',yourstress.(接下来就是欢迎，或者拥有，你的压力)符合本段小标题Step2:OwnYourStress(第二步：拥有你的压力)的话题，own是关键词，故选C项。19题详解】根据下文Connectingtothecorevaluesbehindyourstresssetsyouupforthethirdandmostessentialstep:usingstresstoachieveyourgoalsandconnectmoredeeplywiththethingsthatmattermost.(把压力背后的核心价值观联系起来，你就可以迈出第三步，也是最重要的一步：利用压力来实现你的目标，并与最重要的事情更深入地联系起来)可知，本段主要讲述利用压力。A.UseYourStress.(利用你的压力)可以作为本段小标题，故选A项。【20题详解】上文There'ssomuchhappeningrightnowthatwecan'tcontrol.(现在发生的事情太多了，我们无法控制)与E.However,therearealsounprecedentedopportunitiesamidthefear.(然而，在恐惧中也有前所未有的机会)承接自然，上下文构成明显的转折关系，虽然很多无法控制的事情让我们产生恐惧，但恐惧中也存在着机会，故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenourgirlsarebrave,theyarefreetoexploreintheirlearningandinlife.Thatexplorationleadstothe___21___oftheirtalents,passionsandweaknesses.OnSaturdaynightwesawoneofourstudentsactsobravelythatittookmy___22___away.Oneoftheleadcharactersofourshow,BlueStockings,wasplayedbyascienceteacher,BenWalker.___23___,BenbrokehisnoseverybadlyplayingfootballonSaturdayandconsequentlycouldn't___24___.EllaJones,aYear11studentandpartofthecast,who___25___torestonSaturday,was___26___toplayBen'srole.Thinkaboutthat.Shehadthreehours'___27___,playingaroleofa___28___shehadneverplayedbefore,infrontofapayingaudience,andifshecouldn't___29___,shewouldreducetheimpactofthewholeplay.Nottheendoftheworld,butitwouldbe____30____forallconcerned.Iwouldhave_____31_____.ButEllarosetothe_______32_______.Shesaid,“Iwasastonished；______33______,IfiguredtheshowmustgoonandIwantedto____34____.Iwasn'tscared_____35_____Iarrivedatthetheatreandrealizedhowmuchtherewasto____36____.Itwasn'tjustaboutlines,butitwasthestagecraft(舞台表演技巧).Iwas____37____abouttheotheractorsbecauseIknowhow____38____itistoperformarolewithsomeonewhoisn'tasinvested,especiallyifitisanemotionalscene.”Askedhowtheshow_____39_____,Ellasaid,“Itwasamazing,andtheaudienceseemedtolovethemalecharacterIplayedforthefirsttime.”Sheadded,“Justbecauseyou'rescareddoesn'tmeanyoucan’tbe____40____.Anyway,Imadeit.”21.A.discovery B.change C.growth D.control22.A.pain B.breath C.faith D.concern23.A.Secretly B.Hopefully C.Unsurprisingly D.Unfortunately.24.A.coach B.perform C.survive D.retire25.A.refused B.decided C.happened D.promised26A.asked B.forced C.trained D.reminded27.A.wait B.interval C.notice D.judgment28.A.director B.woman C.man D.teacher29.A.takeitaway B.lookitup C.makeitout D.carryitoff30.A.encouraging B.disappointing C.rewarding D.amusing31.A.run B.agreed C.shared D.failed32.A.power B.challenge C.danger D.threat33.A.besides B.therefore C.however D.instead34.A.win B.quit C.resist D.help35.A.until B.unless C.sothat D.themoment36.A.putaway B.handin C.workout D.takeover37.A.doubtful B.confident C.curious D.worried38.A.easy B.tough C.embarrassing D.interesting39.A.sounded B.improved C.started D.went40.A.brave B.proud C.calm D.shy【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.C26.A27.C28.C29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A36.C37.D38.B39.D40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Ben受伤不能参加比赛，而是由女演员Ella扮演其男性角色，尽管有难度，但最终成功。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种探索导致他们发现自己的才能、激情和弱点。A.discovery发现；B.change改变；C.growth增长，生长；D.control控制。根据explorationleadsto和oftheirtalents,passionsandweaknesses可知，此处指导致这些“发现”。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：星期六晚上，我们看到我们的一个学生表现得如此勇敢，使我大吃一惊。A.pain疼痛；B.breath呼吸；C.faith信仰；D.concern关心。固定搭配：takeone’sbreathaway“使某人大为惊讶”。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，本在星期六踢足球时把鼻子摔得很严重，因此不能参加比赛。A.Secretly秘密地；B.Hopefully充满希望地；C.Unsurprisingly不出所料地；D.Unfortunately遗憾地。根据第3空后的BenbrokehisnoseverybadlyplayingfootballonSaturdayandconsequentlycouldn't可知，此处指受伤，不能参加比赛，所以“非常遗憾”。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，Ben在星期六踢足球时把鼻子摔得很严重，因此不能参加比赛。A.coach训练；B.perform执行；C.survive幸存；D.retire退休。此处指不能“参加”比赛。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：演员埃拉·琼斯是一名11年级的学生，碰巧周六休息，她被要求扮演Ben的角色。A.refused拒绝；B.decided决定；C.happened碰巧发生；D.promised许诺。此处指“碰巧”休息。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：演员埃拉·琼斯是一名11年级的学生，碰巧周六休息，她被要求扮演Ben的角色。A.asked请求，问；B.forced强迫；C.trained训练；D.reminded提醒。此处“请求”琼斯扮演Ben的角色。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想一想。她提前三个小时通知，在已经付了费的观众面前扮演一个她从未扮演过的角色，如果她演不下去，她就会减少整部戏的影响。A.wait等待；B.interval间隔；C.notice通知；D.judgment判断。此处指提前三小时得到“通知”。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想一想。她提前三个小时通知，在付费观众面前扮演一个她从未扮演过的男人角色，如果她演不下去，她就会减少整部戏的影响。A.director主任，导演；B.woman女人；C.man男人；D.teacher教师。根据语境可知，Ben是一个男人。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：想一想。她提前三个小时通知，在付费观众面前扮演一个她从未扮演过的角色，如果她演不下去，她就会减少整部戏的影响。A.takeitaway拿走；B.lookitup查找；C.makeitout明白，理解；D.carryitoff掩饰过去。因为她是演出救场，如果不能“掩饰过去”就会影响整部戏。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是世界末日，但对所有相关的人来说都是令人失望的。A.encouraging令人受鼓舞的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.rewarding值得的；D.amusing有趣的。根据Nottheendoftheworld,but此处but表示转折，指对相关的人来说是“令人失望的”。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会逃跑的。A.run跑，经营；B.agreed同意；C.shared分享；D.failed失败。此处指我会“跑走的”。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是艾拉接受了挑战。A.power力量，能力；B.challenge挑战；C.danger危险；D.threat恐吓。根据转折连词but可知，艾拉接受了“挑战”。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，但我想节目必须继续下去，我想帮忙。A.besides另外，此外；B.therefore因此；C.however然而；D.instead代替，反而。根据Iwouldhave____11____.和Ifiguredtheshowmustgoon可知，此处表示“转折”。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，但我想节目必须继续下去，我想帮忙。A.win赢得；B.quit停止；C.resist抵抗；D.help帮助。根据Ifiguredtheshowmustgoon可知，我要“帮忙”。选D。【35题详解】考查状语从句。句意：我并不害怕，直到我来到剧院，我才意识到有多少事情要解决。A.until直到……为止；B.unless除非；C.sothat为了；D.themoment一……就……。此处是until引导的时间状语从句，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我并不害怕，直到我来到剧院，我才意识到有多少事情要解决。A.putaway放好，储存；B.handin上交；C.workout解决；D.takeover接管。此处指有许多工作要解决。故选C。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很担心其他演员，因为我知道和一个不太投入的人演一个角色有多难，尤其是在情感戏里。A.doubtful可疑的；B.confident自信的；C.curious好奇的；D.worried担忧的。根据前文可知这里是替代Ben的角色，所以“担心”和其他演员的配合。故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很担心其他演员，因为我知道和一个不太投入的人演一个角色有多难，尤其是在情感戏里。A.easy容易的；B.tough艰苦的，困难的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.interesting有趣的。根据前文可知，这里是替代Ben的角色，所以演起来是“困难的”。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及演出进展如何时，艾拉说：“太棒了，观众似乎很喜欢