铁路术语(中英文)

一、一般名词术语General1、车辆的种类铁道车辆rollingstock，railwayvehicle，railwaycar客车carriage,passengercar货车wagon,freightcar特种车specialcar钢木车steel-woodcar全金属车allmetalcar全钢车allsteelcar二轴车two—axlecar四轴车four—axlecar六轴车six-axlecar转向架式车bogiecar关节式车articulatedcar动车motor—car拖车trailer掌握车controllingcar动车组poweredcartrain-set合造车combinedcar简易客车simplyequippedcoach代用客车substitutepassengercar双层客车double-deckcoach母车carwithaxlegenerator子车carwithoutaxlegenerator座车seatcoach硬座车semi—cushionedseatcoach软座车cushionedseatcoach，softseatcoach卧车sleepingcar硬卧车semi—cushionedberthsleepingcar软卧车cushionedberthsleepingcar餐车diningcar行李车luggagevan，baggagecar邮政车mailvan,postalcar了望车observationcar公务车servicecar，privatecar文教车cultureandeducationcar医疗车hospitalcar卫生车ambulancecar试验车testcar修理车maintenancecar宿营车dormitoryvan，traincrewcar轨道检查车trackinspectioncar轨道探伤车railfaultsdetectioncar隧道摄影车tunnel-photographingcar限界检查车structuregaugedetectioncar检衡车trackscaletestcar发电车generatorcar锅炉车boilercar救援车reliefcar敞车open—topcar,gondolacar棚车coveredwagon，boxcar平车flatcar罐车tankcar守车caboose,brakevan煤车coalcar砂石车gravelcar矿石车orecar漏斗车hoppercar水泥车cementcar保温车thermalcar隔热车insulated—coverwagon，insulatedboxcar加冰冷藏车ice-cooledrefrigeratorcar冷冻板冷藏车eutectic—ice-cooledrefrigeratorcar加温车heatercar冷藏加温车refrigeratorandheatercar机械冷藏车mechanicalrefrigeratorcar单节机械冷藏车mono-unitmechanicalrefrigeratorcar机冷货物车mechanicalrefrigeratorfreightcar机冷发电车mechanicalrefrigeratorgeneratingcar机械冷藏车组mechanicalrefrigeratorcartrain—set通风车ventilatedcar家畜车livestockcar,stockcar活鱼车fishcar零担办公车officecarforpeddlertrain毒品车posioncar集装箱车containercar长大货物车heavy—dutycar，highcapacitycar凹底平车depressedcenterflatcar落下孔车wellcar,well-holecar双联平车twinnedflatcar钳夹车schnabelcar自动倾翻车sidedumpcar除雪车sweeper,snowplow长钢轨车组longrailcartrain—set电站车组powerstationcartrainset车辆纵向longitudinaldirectionofcar车辆横向transversedirectionofcar车端endofcar一位端“B”endofcar二位端“A”endofcar一位侧No.1positionside二位侧No.2positionside轴位positionofaxle轮位positionofwheel梁位positionofsill车钩中心线高hrightfrontopofrailtocouplercenter车辆长度lengthofcar车辆宽度widthofcar车辆最大宽度max。widthofcar车辆高度heightofcar车辆最大高度max.heightofcar车体长度lengthoverendsofcarbody底架长度lengthofunderframe罐体长度lengthoftankbarrek车体宽度widthoversidesofcarbody底架长度underframewidth车体内长insidelengthofcarbody车体内宽insidewidthofcarbody车体内侧面高insideheightofcarbody车体内中心高insideheightfromfloortoroofcentre地板面高heightoffloorfromrailtop车辆定距〔心盘中心距〕lengthbetweenbogiepivotcenters车辆全轴距totalwheelbaseofcar车辆定距比ratioofcarbodylengthtolengthbetweenbogiecentres换长equivalentlength旁承间隙sidebearingclearancetareweight载重loadingcapacity整备品重servicingweight总重grossweight自重系数coefficientoftareweight,tare—to—loadcapacity每延米重loadpermeteroftrack簧上重量suspendedweight,weightabovespring簧下重量non—suspendedweight，weightunderspring构造速度designspeed通过最小曲线半径min.radiusofcurvaturenegotiated动力系数coefficientofkineticforce振动舒适度comfortablequalityofvibration平稳性指标(振动舒适度指标〕indexofrunningstability倾复稳定性securityofoverturingfromtrack脱轨稳定性securityofderailment6、其他emptycarnumberofaxle车辆标记letteringandmarkingofcar车辆型号modelofcar车辆号码serialnumberofcarseatingcapacity技术履历簿technicalancestrybookhangerclamp,clipanchor，suspensionseat,rest，brackethangerbracketcarrier,support,bearerringchain连接板connectingplate补强板reinforcingplateribpartionplatestayingplate托板supportingplate固定板fasteningplatepressingplate吊板hangingplate支承板bearingplateshim,pad调整板adjustingplate限制板locatingplatebaffleplate防跳板anticreepplateshieldplate防尘板dustguardplate磨耗板wearplate防火板fireproofplate盖板coverplate腹板webplateflangeplate地板floorplate顶板roofplatesideplate装饰板decoratingplate饰带板lining依据位置不同所用板plateusedinotherplace节流板moderatingplate,limitingplateshim，pad,liner，washercap,cover,lidvalvebodygirder,sill,beam，stringerpostdiagonalbracecornice，molding，treadlebarwoodenpartingstringer，nailingstrip隔热材料heat—insulatingmaterial二走行装置runninggear1 一般走行装置runninggear转向架bogie，truck二轴转向架two—axlebogie三轴转向架three—axlebogie组合转向架combinationbogie导框式转向架pedestalbogie导框式转向架non—pedestalbogie导框式转向架pedestalbogie整体侧架转向架bogiewithintegralboxsideframeframe，bogiestructurebogiesideframewheelset有箍车轮tyredwheel整体车轮solidwheel碾钢车轮wroughtsteelwheel，rolledsteelwheeljournalbox承载鞍adapter轴箱定位装置boxguidance弹簧减振装置springandvibrationabsorberdevice弹簧悬挂装置suspensiondamper弹簧装置springdevice轴箱弹簧装置journalspringdevice摇枕弹簧装置bolsterspringdevice轴箱弹簧journalspring摇枕弹簧bolsterspring均衡弹簧equalizerspring空气弹簧airspring橡胶弹簧rubberspring第一系弹簧装置primarysuspension其次系弹簧装置secondarysuspension一系弹簧装置single-stagesuspension二系弹簧装置two-stagesuspension自动高度调整装置automaticheightadjuster减振器vibrationabsorber摩擦减振器snubber油压减振器hydraulicdampersidebearing滑块式旁承slidingblocksidebearing摆块式旁承pendulumsidebearing滚子式旁承rollersidebearing液压旁承hydraulicsidebearing气液旁承hydro-pneumaticsidebearing转向架根底制动装置bogiebrakerigging踏面制动treadbraking盘形制动discbraking,rotorbraking单侧制动singlesidebraking双侧制动claspbraking制动梁brakebeambrakeblock,brakeshoebrakeling中磷闸瓦mediumphosphorbrakeshoe高磷闸瓦highphosphorbrakeshoe合成闸瓦compositebrakeshoe制动盘brakingdisc心盘面自由高freeheightfromrailtoptocentreplatewearingsurface转向架对角线bogiediagonalwheelbase固定轴距fixedorrigidwheelbase转向架全轴距totalwheelbaseofbogieassembly轮对内侧距distancebetweenbacksofwheelrims轴颈中心距distancebetweenactingcentersofjournalloadtread踏面斜度treadtaper踏面基点tapingpoint滚动圆rollingtreadcircle车轮直径wheeldiameter轮箍厚度tirethickness轮辋内侧厚度riminsidethickness轮辋外侧厚度rimoutsidethickness轮辋宽度rimwidth轮缘高度flangeheight轮缘高度测定线flangebaseline轮缘厚度flangethickness轮毂直径diameterofboss轮毂厚度bossthickness轴箱导框间隙pedestalclearancewithpedestalguide摇枕挡间隙columnguidecleatancewiththecolumn轴载荷axleloadingforce轴荷重axleloadwheelsetload心盘载荷centreplateloadingforce旁承载荷sidebearingloadingforce斜对称载荷obliquelysymmetricalloadingforce弹簧静挠度staticdeflectionofspring弹簧动挠度dynamicdeflectionofspring弹簧挠度裕量surplusdeflectionofspring,reservedeflectionofspring挠度裕量系数reservecoefficient〔orsurplusfactor)ofspringdeflection转向架扭曲刚度bogieagainstdistortionrigidity摩擦减振器相对摩擦系数relativefrictioncoefficientofsnubber油压减振器阻力系数dampingcoefficientofhydraulicdamper减振指数dampingindex临界阻尼值criticaldampingvalue脱轨系数coefficientofderailmentaxletemperature轮缘垂直磨耗verticalwearonflange踏面擦伤scotchingonwheeltread踏面剥离flakingonwheeltread2、转向架构架bogiestructure发电机吊架genertorhangersupport缓解弹簧座releasespringbracket闸瓦托吊座brakeheadhangerbracket安全吊座safetyhangerbracket固定支点座fixedfulcrumbracketendsillsidesill纵向梁longitudinalsill关心梁auxiliarytransom摇枕吊耳bolsterhangerlugtransom闸瓦托吊耳brakeheadhangerlug转向架侧bogiesideframe轴箱承台pedestaljournalroof上斜弦梁topobliquechord检查孔inspectionhole斜楔挡frictionwedgestop上弦梁topchordcolumn轴箱挡pedestalleg制动梁滑槽brakebeamguide下弦梁bottomchord弹簧承台springseat凸脐springseatboss摇枕孔bolsteropening下斜弦梁bottomobliquechord轴箱导框pedestal摇枕及弹簧装置bolsterandspringdevice弹簧托梁springplankcarrier摇枕吊bolsterhanger摇枕撤消bolsterhangerpin摇枕撤消座bolsterhangerpinseat油压减振动器hydraulicdamper，oildamper弹簧夹板springbutton摇枕弹簧〔外圈〕bolsterspring〔outer〕摇枕弹簧(内圈〕bolsterspring(inner)下旁承体bogiesidebearingbase下旁承胶垫bogiesidebearingrubberpad下旁承滑块bogiesidebearingslidingblock摇枕挡bolsterguide下心盘bogiecentreplate中心销centrepinbolster下旁承bogiesidebearing横向缓冲器lateralbuffer横向拉杆lateralconnectingrod摇枕板弹簧bolsterdoubleellipticspring弹簧托板springplank安全吊safetyhanger摇枕吊轴bolsterhangershaft摇枕bogiebolster斜楔摩擦面bolsterfrictionwedgepocketslopespringseatboss心盘安装面centreplatelocation排水孔draininghole中心销孔centrepinhole固定杠杆支点安装面deadleverfulcrumbracketlocation下旁承座bogiesidebearingseat摇枕挡columnguide6,7 轮对轴箱及弹簧装置wheelset，journalboxandspringdevice后挡板rearguardlubricatingpadfrontguard轴箱盖boxlid轴瓦垫journalbearingwedge轴箱体journalboxbodyjournalbearing防尘板dustguard,dustshield车轴皮带轮axlebeltpulleyaxlewheel防尘挡圈dustguardring滚动轴承rollerbearing弹簧支柱springguide—post定位套locatingbush轴箱弹簧journalspring支持环springguide缓冲胶垫rubberpad轴箱后盖journalboxrearcover轴箱体journalboxbody紧定螺母setnut防松板lockingplate轴箱前盖journalboxfrimcover均衡弹簧座equalizingspringseat轴箱导框pedestal均衡弹簧〔内圈、中圈、外圈〕equalizingspring〔inner,intermediate，均衡梁equalizer轴箱托板journalboxtiebar轴箱导框磨耗板pedestalwearplate8轮对wheelsetaxle车轮轮箍tire，tyre车轮扣环retainingring车轮轮心wheelcentre整体车轮solidwheel车轴axle中心孔centrehole轴颈前肩hournalfrontfillet

outer〕轴颈后肩journalrearfillet轮座前肩wheelseatfrontfillet轮座后肩wheelseatrearfillet轴中心部axlemiddleportionaxlebodywheelseat防尘板座dustguardseatjournalcollar整体车轮solidwheelwebplateflange轮毂孔wheelhubborehub,bossrimthread辐板孔webplatehole轴箱体journalboxbodyfrontwalljournalboxroof轴箱口journalboxopeningeaves瓦垫挡journalbearingwedgestopper承台座pedestalseatbottom排水槽drainingslot轴箱盖耳孔座journalboxhingelugrearwall防尘板槽dustguardslot瓦耳挡bearinglugguardsidewallpedestalguide油压减振器hydraulicdamperpressingplate胶垫rubberfittingpadsleeve密封盖sealcap密封圈sealring密封衬垫sealringretainernut密封弹簧sealspring导向套guidebush缸端盖cylinderendcap缸体cylinderbody防尘罩dustprotectorpiston芯阀keyvalve阀套valvebush阀座valveseatvalveclack进油阀座oilinletvalveseat储油缸oilstoragecylinder转向架根底制动装置bogiebrakerigging制动梁brakebeam制动梁缓解弹簧brakebeamreleas