高中英语必修4Unit3语法汇总课件

人教课标版高一必修4Unit3人教课标版高一必修41GrammarGrammar21.Lookatthereadingpassageagaintofindwordsandexpressionsthatmeanthesame.

Learningaboutlanguage1.Lookatthereadingpassage3boreastonishmenthumourperformer/performancecontentmentfortuneVerbNounperformhumourastonishboreboreastonishmenthumourperforme4charmentertaincharmentertain5bored,boringastonishinghumorousperformingcontented,contentfortunateAdverbAdjectivefortunatelycontentedlyhumorouslyastonishinglyboringlybored,boringastonishinghumoro6charminglyentertaininglycharminglyentertainingly7Inthe1990s,Mr.BeanbecameastarusingmimetohighlightdifficultsocialsituationsmuchasCharlieChaplinhaddone.Hismethodofactingwastoappear_________,lookaroundandthendoexactlythewrongthing.Childrenparticularlywouldburstinto_______athisbehavior.Healwaysmanagedto_______thosethingsthatpeopleareuncertainlaughterpickout2.AnswerkeyforExercise2.Inthe1990s,Mr.Beanbec8afraidofdoingbecausetheydonotwanttoappearasocial______.Ononeoccasioninarestaurantheorderedasteaktartare.Whentheuncookedmeatarrivedhewas________byshamebecausehecouldnoteatit.He_______apieceofmeatandpretendedto____amouthfulbutinsteadputitintotheplantpotbesidehim.Heputotherpiecesintohispocket.failureovercomecutoffchewafraidofdoingbecausetheyd9__________themealheseemedtoshowgreat__________inhisfood.Hewassuchan___________performerthatwhenhefinishedeatinghisdinner,thewaiterofferedhimthesamedishagainatonextra______!Throughoutenjoymentoutstandingcharge__________themealheseem10

主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone动名词的形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone11RevisionTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.2.Smokingmaycausecancer.

对他说话等于对牛弹琴。吸烟会致癌。-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法RevisionTranslatethefollowin123.Walkingismysoleexercise.

4.Talkingmendsnoholes.5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.散步是我唯一的运动。（谚）空谈无济于事。我建议结束会议。3.Walkingismysoleexercise136.Headmittedtakingthemoney.7.Icouldn’thelplaughing.8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.他承认钱是他拿的。我禁不住笑了起来。你的大衣需要刷一下。6.Headmittedtakingthemone14一.作主语动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1)捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的._____________________issomethingweshouldneverdo．2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。

_________________isveryimportantforme．PlayingtricksonothersLearningnewwords一.作主语Playingtricksonothe15②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；nouse，worth等。如：1)It’sworthmakingtheeffort．

这事值得去做。

②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种162)和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。

_______________________withShylock．3)想再解释一次有好处吗?__________________________4)跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。

_____________________________ItisuselesstryingtoargueIsitanygoodtryingtoexplain?Itispleasantworkingwithyou．2)和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。Itisuseless17③在therebe结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo…”如：1)Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit．若要人不知，除非己莫为。③在therebe结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“I182)这种事开不得玩笑。

Hereis________aboutsuchmatter.3)无法知道他什么时候离开。

Therewas__________whenhewouldleave.nojokingnoknowing2)这种事开不得玩笑。nojokingnoknowin19常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做……是没用处的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做……不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：20Thereisnosenseindoing做……没有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing干……无意义Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比……更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干……无意义Thereisnosenseindoing21二.动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannothelp，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannotstand等。如：二.动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾221)我不能不去。

Ican’tavoidgoing．2)你是否考虑过找一位挚友?Haveyouconsidered__________onespecialfriend?3)我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。

Wemusttryto_____________thesamemistake．lookingforavoidrepeating1)我不能不去。lookingforavoidrepe234)晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Doyou___________________withmeaftersupper?5)人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。

People_________________________foolishman．这类动词还有：excuse，fancy，giveup，putoff，risk等。feellikehavingawalkcouldn’thelplaughingatthat4)晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?feellikehavi24②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，by，mean，forget，remember，hate等。

A.在like，love，hate，prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同，动名词表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin25B.在begin/start，continue之后，用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。C.在动词forget，remember，regret之后，用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作，如：B.在begin/start，continue之后，用动名26Irememberpostingtheletter．我记得我已把信寄了。2)I’llremembertoposttheletter．我会记着去寄信的。3)Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．

_____________________________

_____我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。Irememberpostingtheletter．274)Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．

_____________________5)我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。

_______________________6)我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。

___________________________

_______不要忘了给你母亲写信。Iregretmissingthereport．IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．4)Don’tforgettowritetoyo28D.在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如trytodo(设法)，trydoing(试试)，meantodo(打算，有意要做)，meandoing(意思是，意味着)。如：1)我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。

Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．D.在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如tryto292)我们用别的方法做这工作试试。

Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway．3)Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．

_________________4)Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．

____________________________我并不想叫你生气。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。2)我们用别的方法做这工作试试。我并不想叫你生气。你的计划30E.goondoing和goontodogoondoing继续做一直在做的事；goontodo接着做另一件事。如：1)请接着做这同一个练习。

________________thesameexercise．2)请做另外一个练习。

_______________theotherexercise．PleasegoondoingPleasegoontodoE.goondoing和goontodoPl31F.stopdoing与stoptodo:stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：1)我们停止了交谈。____________________________2)我们停了下来去谈话。____________________________Westoppedtalking．Westoppedtotalk．F.stopdoing与stoptodo:stop32一、-ing形式作定语1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：

buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语的用法一、-ing形式作定语-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语33drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台drinkingwater34

tiringmusic=musicthatistiring烦人的音乐

asurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprising

一个惊人的结果2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：tiringmusic35Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.

他们住在一间面朝街的房子。

Theman

standingthere

isPeter’sfather.=Theman

whoisstandingthere

isPeter’sfather.

站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。Theylivedinaroomfac36Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.=Anybodywhoisswimminginthisriverwillbefined.

在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。Anybodyswimminginthis373.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：

Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.

他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制38Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.

那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。Theappletree,swayinggen39二、-ing形式作宾语补足语

1.1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：

Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.

当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。二、-ing形式作宾语补足语40Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.

我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。

Ifoundabaglyingontheground.

我发现地板上放着一个包。

Thebosskepttheworkersworking

thewholenight.

那老板让工人整夜地工作。Wefoundthesnakeeatin412）当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如：

Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.

这个结果很令人满意。2）当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-42Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.=Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.

有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。

Wemustn’tkeepthemwaiting.=Theymustn’tbekeptwaiting.

千万不能让他们等。Theyheardhimsinging432.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:

1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：

Wesawalightburninginthe

window.Ifeltsomebodypatting

meontheshoulder.2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:44Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididn’tnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：Canyousmellanythingb45Iwon’thaveyoudoing

that.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohave

keptyouwaiting.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.Youwon’tcatchmedoingthatagain.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。Iwon’thaveyoudoingthat.463.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：

Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.

我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。

（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）①前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:3.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后47Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）②如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如：

Weheardthedoorslam.Weheardthedoorslamming.(反复动作)(一次动作)Wesatanhourandwatchedthe48

三、-ing形式作表语

-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：

Herhobbyispainting.

她的业余爱好是画画。

Myjobislookingafterthechildren.

我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。三、-ing形式作表语49Hisconcernforhismotherismost

touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。Shewasverypleasinginherappearance.Hisconcernforhismotheris50Pointouttheusageofthe–ingform.1.Doyoufinditfunnytoseesomeoneslidingonabananaskin,bumpingintosomeoneelseroundacorner,orfallingdownaholeintheroad?

sliding,bumping,falling作宾语补足语ExercisesPointouttheusageofthe–i512.Hebecamefamousforusingaparticularformofacting,includingmimeandfarce.

using作介词for的_____including作_____宾语状语2.Hebecamefamousforusi523.…Buthewaslivedbyallwhowatchedthefilmsforhisdeterminationinovercomingdifficultiesandbeingkindevenwhenpeoplewereunkindtohim.

overcoming作_________介词宾语3.…Buthewaslivedbyall534.ThatwastheproblemfacingCharlieChaplininoneofhismostfamousfilms.

facing作____5.Heloveditbyusingnonverbalhumor.

using作________定语介词宾语4.Thatwastheproblemfac546.Theirjobis“panningforgold”.

panning作_____7.Finallyhetriescuttingandeatingthebottomoftheshoe.

cutting,eating作_____表语宾语6.Theirjobis“panningfo55ExplainthefollowingphrasesinsimpleEnglish.AbagforsleepingAboythatissleepingAcupfordrinkingAhorsethatisdrinkingExplainthefollowingphrases56AhallfordancingAgirlthatisdancingApotforcooking

AstorythatismovingAhallAgirlApotforAstor57AmachineforwashingAsoundthatisterrifyingAtableforoperatingAleaderwhoisinspiringAAsoundAtableAleader58Choosethesuitablewordsfromtheboxbelowandfillintheblanksinthecorrectform.

1.Ican’timagineBilly______amotorbike.

ridingChoosethesuitablewordsf592.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_______formostofthenight?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery________.4.Youcan’tstopme_____whatIwant.5.Hegavemea_________hugwhenhemetmeattheairport.barkingamusingdoingwelcoming2.Didyouhearthedogdow606.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Shehasmade__________progress.7.It’sbeenrainingallday.Thisweatheris__________.8.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_______musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.astonishingdepressingplaying6.Jimhasreallylearntve61Pleasereadthesentencescarefully,tryingtopickouttheerrorsandthencorrectthem.1.IamlookingforwardtovisitCharlieChaplinMuseuminSwitzerlandnextweek.visitingPleasereadthesentenc622.ManypeoplestillenjoyseeingCharlieChaplin’ssilentfilms.3.ThatcartoonpictureshowsCharlieChaplinwatchhimselfwatchinginamovie.4.Charlie’snonverbalhumoroftenmakespeopleburstingwithlaughter.

√watchingburst

2.Manypeoplestillenjoy635.WeareallfondofCharlie’searlyfilms,whichwethinkaremoreinter