2021-2023年高考数学真题分类汇编专题03 导数及其应用（选择题、填空题）（文）（原卷版）

专题03导数及其应用（选择题、填空题）（文）知识点目录知识点1：切线问题知识点2：单调性、极最值问题知识点3：比较大小问题近三年高考真题知识点1：切线问题1．（2023•甲卷（文））曲线SKIPIF1<0在点SKIPIF1<0处的切线方程为SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<02．（2021•新高考Ⅰ）若过点SKIPIF1<0可以作曲线SKIPIF1<0的两条切线，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．（2022•新高考Ⅰ）若曲线SKIPIF1<0有两条过坐标原点的切线，则SKIPIF1<0的取值范围是．4．（2022•新高考Ⅱ）曲线SKIPIF1<0过坐标原点的两条切线的方程为．知识点2：单调性、极最值问题5．（2023•新高考Ⅱ）已知函数SKIPIF1<0在区间SKIPIF1<0上单调递增，则SKIPIF1<0的最小值为SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<06．（2023•乙卷（文））函数SKIPIF1<0存在3个零点，则SKIPIF1<0的取值范围是SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<07．（2022•乙卷（文））函数SKIPIF1<0在区间SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0的最小值、最大值分别为SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<08．（2022•甲卷（文））当SKIPIF1<0时，函数SKIPIF1<0取得最大值SKIPIF1<0，则SKIPIF1<0（2）SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．19．（2021•乙卷（文））设SKIPIF1<0，若SKIPIF1<0为函数SKIPIF1<0的极大值点，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<010．（多选题）（2023•新高考Ⅱ）若函数SKIPIF1<0既有极大值也有极小值，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<011．（多选题）（2022•新高考Ⅰ）已知函数SKIPIF1<0，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0有两个极值点 B．SKIPIF1<0有三个零点 C．点SKIPIF1<0是曲线SKIPIF1<0的对称中心 D．直线SKIPIF1<0是曲线SKIPIF1<0的切线知识点3：比较大小问题12．（2022•天津）已知SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<013．（2022•甲卷（文））已知SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<014．（2022•新高考Ⅰ）设SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<015．（2023•甲卷（文））已知函数SKIPIF1<0．记SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，则SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<016．（2021•天津）设SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，则三者大小关系为SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<017．（2021•新高考Ⅱ）已知SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1