第二组-本杰明·富兰克林课件

AmericanLiterature

2013Group2BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)AmericanLiterature

2013Group1BenjaminFranklin:

Themainpoints:I.Clarification&GeneralintroductionII.Familybackground&EarlylifeIII.Lifeexperience&contributionsIV.LiteraryworksⅤ.Evaluation&InspirationBenjaminFranklin:

Themainpo2I.Clarification&GeneralintroductionWhatdenomination(面值）ofUSdollarnoteisFranklin’sportraitprintedon?I.Clarification&Generalint3小毛毛仔毛爷爷毛毛毛伯伯毛哥小毛毛仔毛爷爷毛毛毛伯伯毛哥4GeorgeWashington

AbrahamLincolnAlexanderHamilton

AndrewJackson

UlyssesS.GrantBenjaminFranklin

GeorgeWashingtonAbrahamLinc5I.Clarification&Generalintroduction1.Whatdenomination(面值）ofUSdollarnoteisFranklin’sportraitprintedon?2.WasBenjaminFranklintheUSPresident?FranklinPierce(1853-1857)FranklinD.Roosevelt(1933-1945)I.Clarification&Generalint6I.Clarification&GeneralintroductionBenjaminFranklin(1706---1790)Apolymath（博学之人）JackofalltradesI.Clarification&Generalint7BenjaminFranklin

(1706-1790)AwriterAstatesmanAbusinessmanAscientistTheprototypeoftheAmericandreamJackofAllTrades?printerpublisherphilanthropist(慈善家）diplomatBenjaminFranklin

(1706-1790)8II.Familybackground&Earlylife

(self-mademan&Americandream)BornonJanuary17,1706,Boston,MACalvinistfamily(poorcandlemaker)15thchild(17siblings)2-yearlocaleducationAprinter(at12)II.Familybackground&Early9self-mademan(自学成才）ExtensivereadingForeignlanguagesAt16,begantopublishessaysunderthepseudonym“SilenceDogood”.At17,heranawaytoPhiladelphiatomakehisownfortune

andbecameasuccessfulprinterandpublisher.

Wealthyat42,devotedrestoflifetoscience,literature,diplomacy.self-mademan(自学成才）Extensiver10III.Lifeexperience&contributionsBusinessman(aprinter)societyInventorsciencePolitician(statesman)USMarriageandfamily(wife:DeborahRead2sons:William,Francis;1daughter:Sarah)III.Lifeexperience&contrib11Franklin’sContributionstoSocietyHumanitarianAmericanfirstcirculatinglibraryFoundUniversityofPennsylvaniaPostmasterofPhiladelphiaPhiladelphiahospitalPennsylvaniamilitia

ServinggodbestistocontributeyourtalenttothepeopleandcommunityFranklin’sContributionstoSo12Franklin’scontributionstoscienceDiscoveryaboutelectricityDiscoveryoftheGulfStreamEffectivestreetlightingTheFranklinstoveBifocalglassesEfficientheatingdevices……Franklin’scontributionstosc13InventionsbackwardLightningrodBifocalglassesFranklinstoveGlassarmonicaInventionsbackwardLightningro14Franklin’sContributionstoScience(kite,electricity,thunderstorm);firstappliedtheterms“positive”and“negative”toelectricalcharges.“thenewPrometheuswhohadstolenfirefromheaven.”andgiveitbacktohumansFranklin’sContributionstoSc15GlassharmonicaGlassharmonica16Franklin’sContributionstotheU.S.astatesman,diplomat,negotiatorHeconductedthedifficultnegotiationswithFrancethatbroughtfinancialandmilitarysupportforAmericainthewar.HewastheonlyAmericantosignthefourdocumentsthatcreatedtheUnitedStates:TheDeclarationofIndependence,TheTreatyofAlliancewithFrance,TheTreatyofPeacewithEngland,TheConstitutionAmanofelasticityandsuppleness;viewfromdifferentangles;notsayItoooften;createastormofattentionesp.amongwomenFranklin’sContributionstoth17第二组-本杰明·富兰克林ppt课件18第二组-本杰明·富兰克林ppt课件19IV.Literaryworks

Hisworksarewell-knownfortheirsimplicity,subtlehumorandbeingsarcastic.

PoorRichard’sAlmanac,1733,withthepseudonymRichardSaundersFatherAbraham'sSermon,1758,alsoknownasTheWaytoWealth.TheAutobiography,publishedafterhisdeathIV.Literaryworks

Hisworksa20PoorRichard’sAlmanacAyearlyalmanac(1732-1757)Bestseller(10,000peryear)Almanac(seasonalweatherforecasts,holidays,recipes,puzzles,Maximsandaxioms格言警句)PoorRichard’sAlmanacAyearly21

SomefamouslinesofPoorRichard’sAlmanac1.Life:Eattolive,andnotlivetoeat.2.Success:Nomanwasglorious,whowasnotlaborious.3.Time:Aneggtodayisbetterthanahentomorrow.4.Marriage:Youcannotpluckroseswithoutfearofhorns,norenjoyafairwifewithoutdangerofhorns.

SomefamouslinesofPoorR225.Learning:

Weightyquestionsaskfordeliberateanswerer.6.Attitude:

Admirationisthedaughterofignorance.7.Industry:

Godgivesallthingstoindustry.8.Shopping:

Buywhatthouhasnoneedofanderelongthoushallsellthynecessaries.

第二组-本杰明·富兰克林ppt课件23Someotherexamples:Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.Earlytobed,andearlytorise,makesamanhealthy,wealthy,andwise.Hethatfallsinlovewithhimselfwillhavenorivals.爱上自己的人没有竞争对手。Whateverisbeguninangerendsinshame.

无论何事，因愤怒而起，必以羞愧而终。Someotherexamples:Godhelpt24TheWaytoWealthAnessay(1758)25anniversaryissueofAlmanacBroughttogetherthebestofhismaximsIntheguiseofaspeechbyFatherAbrahamEarliertitles:PoorRichardImprovedandFatherAbraham’sSpeechTheWaytoWealthAnessay(175825TheAutobiography

Rags-to-richesAutobiographyisabranchofliteraturewhichisanaccountofaperson’slife.Part1:FranklinasayoungmaninBostonandPhiladelphia.Part2:“artofvirtue”section.Franklinrecountshisyouthfulattempttoachieve“moralperfection.”Part3:self-promotePart4:unfinished.TheAutobiography

Rags-to-ric26HisthirteenvirtuesinPartTwoofTheAutobiography:

TheAmericanBibleNewPuritanismHowtoadopt?HisthirteenvirtuesinPartT27Parttwo:Giveattentiontothecausesofhissuccess---the13virtues.1节制[Temperance]2少言[Silence]3秩序[Order]4决心[Resolution]5节俭[Frugality]6勤俭[Industry]7坦诚[Sincerity]8公正[Justice]9中庸[Moderation]10整洁[Cleanliness]11心态[Tranquility]12节欲[Chastity]13谦逊[Humility]Parttwo:Giveattentiontoth28富兰克林十三条箴言

1节制[Temperance]

Eatnottodullnessanddrinknottoelevation.

食不可饱，饮不可醉。

2少言[Silence]

Speaknotbutwhatmaybenefitothersoryourself.Avoidtriflingconversation.

言必有益，避免闲聊。

3秩序[Order]

Letallyourthingshavetheirplaces.Leteachpartofyourbusinesshaveitstime.

物归期所，事定期限。富兰克林十三条箴言1节制[Temperance]

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4决心[Resolution]

Resolvetoperformwhatyouought.Performwithoutfailwhatyouresolve.

当做必做，持之以恒。

5节俭[Frugality]

Makenoexpensebuttodogoodtoothersoryourself:i.e.Wastenothing.

当花费才花费，不可浪费。6勤俭[Industry]

Losenotime.Bealwaysemployedinsomethinguseful.Cutoffallunnecessaryactions.珍惜光明，做有用的事。4决心[Resolution]

Reso30

7坦诚[Sincerity]

Usenohurtfuldeceit.Thinkinnocentlyandjustly;and,ifyouspeak,speakaccordingly.

真诚待人，言行一致。8公正[Justice]

Wrongnone,bydoinginjuriesoromittingthebenefitsthatareyourduty.

害人之时不可做，利人之事多履行。9中庸[Moderation]

Avoidextremes.Forebearresentinginjuriessomuchasyouthinktheydeserve.

不走极端，容忍为上。7坦诚[Sincerity]

Useno31

10整洁[Cleanliness]

Toleratenouncleannessinbody,clothesorhabitation.

衣着整洁，居所干净。11心态[Tranquility]

Benotdisturbedattrifles,orataccidentscommonorunavoidable.

临危不乱，处乱不惊10整洁[Cleanliness]

Tole32

12节欲[Chastity]

Rarelyusevenerybutforhealthoroffspring;Nevertodullness,weakness,ortheinjuryofyourownoranother‘speaceorreputation.

爱惜身体，延年益智。13谦逊[Humility]

ImitateJesusandSocrates.

以耶稣、苏格拉底为范12节欲[Chastity]

Rarely33DiedonApril17,1790,attheageof84.GraveofBenjaminFranklin,Philadelphia

DiedonApril17,1790,atthe34

MemorialmarblestatueBenjaminFranklinNationalMemorialAmarblestatueofBenjaminFranklinstandsintheatriumofBenjaminFranklinHighSchoolinNewOrleansMemorialmarblestatueA35FranklinonthehundreddollarbillFranklinonthehundreddollar36BenjaminFranklinonU.S.Postageissueof1861issueof1903issueof1918BenjaminFranklinonU.S.Post37Ⅴ.Evaluation&Inspiration

ThefirstrealAmericanThegreatestscientistof18thcenturyThefatherofmoderncivilizationTheembodimentofAmericandreamHebroughtthecolonialeratoaclose.Ⅴ.Evaluation&Inspiration

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Franklin’scriticsNathanialHawthorneremarkedthatFranklin