福建高一下学期期末考试英语试卷附带答案

第第页福建高一下学期期末考试英语试卷(附带答案）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________一、阅读理解My18-month-oldson,Adam,calledfromthefrontdoor.“Look,Mama!Doggie!”IdroppedwhatIwasdoingandstuckmyheadoutofthedoor.Brandy,ournext-doorneighbour’s11-year-olddog,wasoveragain.“Goaway!”Ishouted.Brandy’sownerhaddiedaboutamonthearlier.Thewoman’sfamilyhademptiedthehouseandstucka“ForSale”signinthefrontyard,butthefamilyhadleftoldBrandybehind.Forweeks,she’dbeenwanderingaroundtheneighbourhood.Itwasn’tthatIdislikeddogsoranythinglikethat.Ijustdidn’tthinkaboutthemverymuch.Ineverhadadoggrowingupandhadneverthoughttogetone.BrandywentawayandIstayedoutsidewithAdam.Thenthephonerang.Iwentinsidetotakethecall.WhenIcameback,Adamwasgone.Isearchedtheyard,frontandback,thenthebasketballcourtandpublicpool.Notraceofhim.IwassonervousthatIranhomeandcalledthepolice,thenmyhusband.Policesearchedtheneighbourhood.SuddenlyIheardanothersound:adogbarking.“It’scomingfromthewoods,”oneofmyneighbourssaid.Wefollowedthebarkingtoawoodedcliff(悬崖).Therewefoundmyson,andhewasjustinchesawayfromtheedgesofthecliff,fastasleep.Brandywasbesidehim,leaning(斜靠着)againsthimtokeephimawayfromtheedge(边缘).WhenIpickedAdamup,Brandysankdownonherside,breathingquickly.ShemusthavebeenholdingAdamthereforhours!IthankedthepoliceandbroughtAdamandBrandybacktoourhouse.Shehesitatedamomentonourdoorstep,nodoubtrememberingthetimeI’ddrivenheraway.“Comeon,girl,”Isaid.“Thisisyourhomenow.”Brandysteppedinandonceshesawshewasreallywelcome,sherelaxedandlaydownonthefloorjustinsidethedoor.She’ddoneagreatthing,andIwonderedifsheknewit.She’dcertainlytouchedmeinawaythatnoanimaleverhad.WhatapityadoglikeBrandyhadbeenleftbehind!1．WhatisthecorrectorderfortheeventsinthestoryaboutBrandy?a.Shewasleftbehindbyherowner’sfamily.b.Shesteppedintothewoman’shouse.c.Sheappearedatthewoman’sfrontdoord.Shestayedbesidethewoman’ssonforhoursA．d,c,b,a B．a,c,b,d C．c,d,b,a D．a,c,d,b2．WhatdidtheauthordowhenshefirstsawBrandy?A．Shegavehersomefood. B．Shetookherhome.C．Shedroveheraway. D．Shesaidthankstoher.3．Howweretheyabletobeawarethattheauthor’ssonwasnearthecliff?A．Bysearchingtheneighbourhood. B．Byhearingadogbarking.C．Byfollowingadog’sfootsteps. D．Byhearingherson’scrying.4．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsBrandyattheendofthestory?A．Gratitude(thankfulness) B．Dislike.C．Pity. D．ColdnessAUniversityCollegeLondonstudylookedatcarusetoconcludethatcitieshavetobecomecar-freetosurvive.Simplyput,ifwedon'treducethenumberofcarsinourcitiesthentheywilljustcompletelyclogupandstopmoving.Thestudynotesthenumberofcarsisactuallyincreasingfasterthanthatofpeople.In2019,80millioncarswerebuiltwhilethepopulationincreasedby78million.Andthemassproductionofthosecarswasresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissions(排放),whichisbiggerthanaviation(航空)andthat'sbeforeyouevenfuelthemup.Thestudyauthorsconstructamathematicalmodel,andresidentschoosedrivingtheircarortakingpublictransportonthebasisofthetimeittakestodothetrip.“Allindividualsdecidetheircommuting(通勤)modetryingtoreducetheircosts,buttheresultistheoverallworst-casesituation,wheretheaveragecommutingtimeislongerandallpeopledecidetousetheircar.”writetheauthorsofthestudy.Besides,policymakerstendtoconstructevenmorecarinfrastructure(基础设施)andinvestevenmoreinprivatecars,whichthenencouragesmoreprivatevehicleuseandresultsinevenmoretrafficjams.Possiblesolutionshavetobeactivelyencouraged,withmoretraveloptions,pluslocalshopsandservices.Also,increasingthecostscouldbeachievedbyreducingthespacedevotedtocars,withmorepublictransportlanes,widersidewalks,andpedestrianroads,forexample.Dr.Humberto,oneauthorofthestudysaid:“Ifourgoalistohavemoreliveableanddevelopedcitiesthenwemusttakepartofthislandandgiveittoothermodesoftransportation:walking,cyclingandpublictransport.5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“clogup”?A．Turndown. B．Breakdown.C．Maketroubles. D．Getstuck.6．WhatcanweinferfromthenumbersinParagraph2?A．Thenumberofcarsislargerthanpopulation.B．CarproductioncreatesmoreCO2thanaviation.C．CO2emissionislargelyaffectedbycarproduction.D．GlobalCO2emissionismoreseriousthanexpected.7．Whatresultdostudyauthorsgetfromtheirmodel?A．Itishardforpeopletokeepabalance.B．Ittakesmoretimetodrivecarstowork.C．Morecarscanbeusedtosavetime.D．Drivingcarscankeepthecostdown.8．Whatcanbeapossiblewaytoreducecaruse?A．Buildingparkinglots. B．Savinglandforcars.C．Producinglesscars. D．Ridingabustowork.ScreenshotsofconversationswithOpenAI’slatestbot(网上机器人),ChatGPT,hasgoneviralonsocialmediarecently.ChatGPTisanAIchatbotsystemreleasedinNovembertoshowoffandtestwhataverylarge,powerfulAIsystemcanaccomplish.Thetoolletsyoutypequestionsusingnaturallanguagethatthechatbotanswersinconversational，ifsomewhatstilted(生硬的)language.Thebotwillrememberthethreadofyourdialogue,usingpreviousquestionsandanswerstoinformitsnextresponses,whicharederivedfromhugeamountofinformationontheInternet.ChatGPT’sexpertiseisbroad,andyoucanaskitcountlessquestions,likeexplainingphysics,askingforbirthdaypartyideasandgettingprogramminghelp,andoftenwillgetananswerthat’suseful.WhenIaskeditforwordsthatrhymedwith“purple,”itofferedafewsuggestions.WhenIfollowedup“Howaboutwithpink?”,itdidn’tmissabeat.It’sabigdeal.Thetoolseemsprettyknowledgeable:itcanbecreative,anditsanswerscansoundauthoritative.Afewdaysafteritslaunch,morethanamillionpeoplearetryingoutChatGPT.ButitscreatorwarnsthatChatGPT“mayoccasionallygenerateincorrectormisleadinginformation,”sobecareful.Ionceaskedittowriteapoem,anditdid,thoughIdon’tthinkanyliteratureexpertswouldbeimpressed.Ithenaskedittomakeitmoreexciting,andChatGPTpumpeditupwithwordslikebattlefield(战场),adrenaline(肾上腺素),thunderandadventure.Here’sthecatch:ChatGPTdoesn’texactlyknowanything.It’sanAIthat’strainedtorecognizepatternsinvasttextharvestedfromtheInternet,andthenfurthertrainedwithhumanassistancetodelivermoreuseful,betterdialogue.ChatbotshavebeenofinterestforyearstocompanieslookingforwaystohelpcustomersgetwhattheyneedandtoAIresearcherstryingtotackletheTuringTest.PerhapsAIwillplayanintegralroleinsolvingtoday’slaborissues,andwhatwasonceafuturevisionismorepresentthaneverbefore.PerhapsChatGPTreallyiscapableofdisruptingtheworld’slargestsearchengine.Butuntilitcandrilldown(钻研)thehumanaspectsofhowwecommunicateandinteract,andwebetterunderstandtherisksanddangerousimplicationsthataperfectcomputercanpresent,myattitudetowardsitremains9．WhatisNOTtrueaboutChatGPT?A．Peoplehaveshowngreatinterestintryingthebotout.B．Itcanunderstandquestionsraisedinnaturalhumanlanguage.C．Itwillupgradeandreplacethesearchenginewe’reusing.D．It’sanadvancedtechproductreleasedbyOpenAl.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4tellusaboutChatGPT?A．ItcanderiveanswerfromvastinformationontheInternet.B．Itcanrespondquicktothequestionraisedindialogue.C．Itmaynotbereliablewhenitcomestocomputerprogramming.D．Itmayfailyouifyouexpectittobeacreativewriter.11．Whatmightbethemissingwordinthelastsentence?A．favourable B．intolerantC．indifferent D．doubtful12．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ChatGPT:HowtoUsethisViralOpenAIChatbotB．ChatGPT:ACoolandAlarmingTechnowTrendingC．ChatGPT:Finally,anAIChatbotWorthTalkingtoD．ChatGPT:TesttheFutureofConversationNow二、七选五Todaywetakealookattheword“smart”.Ifsomeonesaysyouaresmart,whatdotheymean?Isitagoodthingorsomethingbad?13Thisisbecausetheword“smart”hasmanymeanings.Forexample,someonecouldsayyoulooksmartoraredressedsmartly.Thatmeanstheylikeyourphysicalappearanceorwhatyouarewearing.Butifsomethingsmarts,itcanbeunkindorhurtful,eitherphysicallyormentally.Ifyouaccidentallytripoverachairandfalldown,youmightshout,“Ow!Thatsmarts!”Orifafriendsayssomethingthathurtsyourfeelings,youcansayyouaresmartingfromthehurtfulcomments.14Ifyouarestandingtooclosetoacampfire,youcouldsayyoureyesaresmartingfromthesmokeofthefire.Heretheword“smarting”meansfeelingasharppain.15Ifsomeoneissmartasawhip,theyareabletothinkveryquickly.16Somepeopleareconsideredstreetsmart.Theymaynothaveastrongeducation.Buttheyaregoodatdealingwithpeopleandproblemsintherealworld.Otherpeoplemightbebooksmart.Thismeanstheyhavespentmanyyearsinschool.Buttheymaynotbesosmartwhendealingwithpeopleorrealworldproblems.Andthenthereisadefinitionofsmartthatmeanstotalkorbehavedisrespectfully.Ifyousaysomethingdisrespectfultoyourparents,theymightsay,“Don’tgetsmartwithme!”Here,“smart”meansshowingalackofrespectbysayingsomethingunkind.Thisdefinitionofsmartcanalsobeusedasaverb.17A．Dotheyreallymeanyouaresmart?B．Theanswerisnotaseasyasyoumightthink.C．Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsbeingsmart.D．Infact,maybethatpersonisnolongeryourfriend.E．Butthemostcommonmeaningof“smart”istobeintelligent.F．However,differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofbeingsmart.G．Ifyousmartofftothewrongpeople,theycouldhityouintheface.三、完形填空Forhisentirelife,SergioPeraltadreamedaboutplayingcatch.Whenhewasborn,hisrighthanddidn’tfully18.Eversincehewasachild,hisclassmateshaveaskedabouthishand,andsomehaveeven19him.ComputerscienceteacherJeffWilkinsnoticedPeraltawastheonlystudentwho20hismousetotheleftsideofhiskeyboard.HethensawPeraltadidn’thavearighthand.WhenWilkins21Peraltaandhismotheraboutaprosthetichand(假手),theyexpressedinterestbutknewbuildingonecouldbe22forahighschoolclass.InearlyNovember,Wilkins23assignedthreeofhisstudentstotheproject.“Ididn’twanttogethis24up.I’dratherunder-promiseandover-deliverthanover-promiseandunder-deliveronsomethinglikethis,”Wilkinssaid.Thegroupdidsowhilekeepingtheir25asecret.Theymeasuredclassmates’handstocalculatePeralta’s26fit.Afterworkingforaboutaweek,thestudentsusedtheschool’s3Dprinterto27amodel.Studentssaidthey28Peraltawouldn’tlikeorusethehand,butassoonashe29themodel,hecouldbendhisfingers.ThenWilkinsthrewhimayellowrubberballagainandagain.Studentsyelledin30whenhefinallycaughttheball.Peraltasaidheonly31theprosthetichandwhenhesleeps.“Thisjustshowedmeadifferentwayto32thecommunity,”saidJaramillo,aseniorwhoinvolvedintheclassproject.18．A．raise B．develop C．change D．connect19．A．convinced B．defeated C．teased D．admired20．A．cycled B．reserved C．moved D．kicked21．A．approached B．promised C．observed D．advertised22．A．rewarding B．inspiring C．approving D．challenging23．A．randomly B．deliberately C．temporarily D．secretly24．A．fears B．hopes C．demands D．doubts25．A．attention B．memories C．progress D．conflicts26．A．typical B．ideal C．normal D．familiar27．A．create B．select C．deliver D．save28．A．remembered B．worried C．argued D．regretted29．A．turnedup B．searchedfor C．puton D．threwaway30．A．satisfaction B．excitement C．hesitation D．anxiety31．A．removes B．returns C．researches D．replaces32．A．fit B．move C．view D．help四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PeruisacountryonthecentralwesterncoastofSouthAmericanfacingthePacificOcean,33consistsofthreeparts:narrow,dry,flatlandrunningalongthecoast,theAndesMountain,andtheAmazonrainforest.Spanishisthemain34(office)languageofPeru.ItisbecausePeru35(rule)bySpainfromthe16thcenturyto1821.Butbeforethat,PeruwasthecentreoftheancientIncaEmpire,and36(it)emperorlivedinwhatisnowknownasthesiteMachuPicchu.Peruisanamazingdestinationwithsomethingfortourists.Here37(be)twomagicaltours:AmazonRainforestTourandMachuPicchuTour.五、根据汉语意思填写单词38．Usually,achild'sbehaviourcan________（反映）hisfamilyenvironment.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）39．Shenever________(抱怨),butsheisobviouslyexhausted.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)40．ThenonedayIhadtogothroughatwo-hourmedical________(治疗).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)41．Weheardthesoundofan________(靠近)car.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)42．Energyisalwaysa________(全球性的)issueandcountriesneedtoworktogether.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）六、完成句子43．但是，说实话，整晚的烟花燃放声真的有些令人烦躁。But,tobefrank,thefireworks________throughoutthenightwerereallyannoying.44．Whenthetrainarrivedatthestation,theytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterally____________________withitsexceptionalbeauty.火车抵达后,她们乘坐出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们惊叹不已。45．他在芝加哥创办的“男孩女孩俱乐部”，从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。TheBoysandGirlsClub__________inChicago__________youngpeoplesince1996.46．我有什么理由坐在那儿什么都不做呢?我们都属于人类大家庭，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。HowcouldI_______________anddoingnothing?Weareallhumansandweallhavearesponsibilitytolookafteroneanother’swelfare.47．Whennightfalls,manychildrenwould________________tolookscary,andthengotoneighbors’forcandies.当夜幕降临的时候，许多孩子装扮成吓人的样子，去邻居家里索要糖果。48．因其珍贵的羊毛，它们（藏羚羊）正遭受非法猎杀。They_________________,illegally,fortheirvaluablefur.49．只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。Onlywhenwelearntoexist__________________naturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.50．Shefeelshisneighbourisalwayslookingoutofhiswindows，________(暗中监视）her.（根据汉语提示完成句子）51．“通过改变自己来改变世界。”这激起了我的动力。“Changetheworldbychangingyourself.”This________.52．他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋）感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。”Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolor________________”.53．在接下来的三天里，你可以深入雨林欣赏雨林特有的动植物。Youcanspendthreedaysenjoyingtheplantsandanimals________therainforest.54．部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。Thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewho________andtoburythedead.55．从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。Fromascientificpointofview,______________________________tostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.56．汤姆在聚精会神地做作业，你最好别去打扰他。Tomis__________________hishomework,soyou’dbetter_________him_________.57．（云南）除了是花的王国以外，还是许多少数民族的居住地。Apartfrombeingthekingdomofflowers,it__________________manyethnicminoritygroups.七、开放性作文58．第一节应用文写作（满分15分）英语课上，你的老师要求你以MyFavoriteCornerintheSchool为题写一篇短文，具体描述校园里你最喜欢的一角（如位置、景色等）。注意：1.词数80左右；2.运用感官描述，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MyFavoriteCornerintheSchool___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________八、读后续写59．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AlexwasveryexcitedbecausetheNewYearEve’spartywascomingandasusualitwasgoingtobeheldinhisUnclePeter’shome.Suddenly,hesawhisgrandfathersittingalonelookingveryunhappy.Alexwenttohimandasked,“Grandpa,whyareyousittingalone?Isthereanythingwrongwithyou?”Hisgrandfatherreplied,“No,Iamfine.Ijustfeellikesittingalone.”“Grandpa,youknowtheNewYearpartyisnear,soareyoupreparingforit?”askedAlexexcitedly.“Nodear,Iamnot.Withthepassageoftime,theworldhascompletelychangedandIdon’tseeanypointincelebratingtheworldIseetoday,”answeredhisgrandpadisappointedly.“Iknowsomethingiswrongwithyouandyouarenottellingme.Pleasetellmewhattheproblemis.”Alexsaid.“IfeelIamastrangerintheworldIamlivingin.ItisnotthesameasIhaveknown.Noweveryoneisbusywiththeirownwork.Yourfatherisbusywithbusiness,yourbrotherisbusyonthecomputer,yoursistersarebusywatchingdramasandyourmumisbusywithhousework.Idon’tknowhowtopassmydays,”saidhisgrandfathersadly.“Grandpa,youhaveme!”saidAlex.Hisgrandfathersmiledandsaid,“Yeah,youarehere,butwhataboutothers?Inourdays,wehadafixed(固定的)timeeachdaywhenthewholefamilysattogetherandtalked,sharedproblemsandlaughedtogether.”ThatnightAlexthoughtaboutwhathisgrandfatherhadsaidandanideaflashedhismind.Hedecidedtohaveasurprise.NewYearpartyathisownhomeandmakeeveryonecometogetherthatday.AsNewYear’sEvegotnearer,Alexgotbusypreparingfortheparty.Hekeptitasecretfromhisgrandfatherandaskedeveryonenottolethimknowaboutitinordertosurprisehim.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。ItwasDecember31andeveryonewasbusywiththeirownwork.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Alexsawhisgrandfatherlookingveryhappywhiletalkingwiththefamilymembers.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．D2．C3．B4．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是作者对流浪狗Brandy从最开始的嫌弃到最后的收留这一小故事。1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thewoman’sfamilyhademptiedthehouseandstucka“ForSale”signinthefrontyard,butthefamilyhadleftoldBrandybehind.(女人的家人们清空了她的房子并且在她的院子前树了一块写有“出售”的牌子，但是她的家人把Brandy抛下了)”，第一段的“My18-month-oldson,Adam,calledfromthefrontdoor．“Look,Mama!Doggie!”IdroppedwhatIwasdoingandstuckmyheadoutthedoor．Brandy,ournext-doorneighbor’s11-year-olddog,wasoveragain.(我十八个月大的儿子，亚当在前门呼喊着：“看！妈妈！小狗！”我扔下手中的事情，把头伸出门外——我们旁边的邻居家的十一岁大的狗又一次的来到了我家门口)”，第五段的“WhenIpickedAdamup,Brandysankdownonherside,breathingquickly.ShemusthavebeenholdingAdamthereforhours!(当我把Adam抱起来时，布朗迪一下子摊在了地上，呼吸地非常迅速。她肯定支持Adam了几个小时)”和第七段“Brandysteppedinandonceshesawshewasreallywelcome,sherelaxedandlaydownonthefloorjustinsidethedoor.(Brandy走了进来，她意识到自己是真的受到了欢迎，她立马放松了下来并且在门口躺了下来)”可知，事件的正确顺序是：Brandy被之前的主人抛下——出现在作者家门口——和作者的儿子待了几个小时——踏进作者家。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Brandy,ournext-doorneighbour’s11-year-olddog,wasoveragain.“Goaway!”Ishouted.(隔壁邻居11岁的小狗Brandy又来了。“走开！”我喊道)”可知，作者第一次看到Brandy时将她赶走了。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据第五段的“SuddenlyIheardanothersound:adogbarking.“It’scomingfromthewoods,”oneofmyneighbourssaid.Wefollowedthebarkingtoawoodedcliff(悬崖).Therewefoundmyson,andhewasjustinchesawayfromtheedgesofthecliff,fastasleep.(突然我听到另一个声音：一只狗在吠叫。“它来自树林，”我的一个邻居说。我们跟着吠叫来到一个树木繁茂的悬崖。在那里我们找到了我的儿子，他离悬崖边只有几英寸远，正在熟睡)”可知，作者和丈夫因为狗叫才发现自己的儿子在悬崖边上。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She’ddoneagreatthing,andIwonderedifsheknewit.She’dcertainlytouchedmeinawaythatnoanimaleverhad.(她做了一件很棒的事，我想知道她是否知道。她肯定以一种动物从未有过的方式打动了我)”推知，作者很感激Brandy，因为她的提醒使得作者的儿子不会掉下悬崖。故选A。5．D6．B7．B8．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述人们为了方便更倾向于选择开车出行，这样反而导致城市交通堵塞，出行成本增加。如果一个城市要长期可持续地发展就要改变目前的交通方式，更多地乘坐公共交通工具或步行、骑自行车出行。5．词义猜测题。根据第一段“ifwedon’treducethenumberofcarsinourcitiesthentheywilljustcompletelyclogupandstopmoving.（如果不减少车的数量的话城市里的车会越来越多，导致交通完全clogup，以致无法行进。）”可知，clogup和车数量多会造成交通拥堵相关。A.Turndown拒绝；BBreakdown.打破；C.Maketroubles.制造麻烦；D.Getstuck.堵塞。Getstuck与clogup“堵塞”同义，故选择D项。6．推理判断题。根据第二段“Andthemassproductionofthosecarswasresponsiblefor4%ofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissions(排放),whichisbiggerthanaviation(航空)andthat'sbeforeyouevenfuelthemup.（那些汽车的大量生产所带来的CO₂排放就占了全球总排放的4%，这比航空业带来的排放量还多。那甚至还是在你给他们加油前。）”可知，汽车制造产生的CO₂排放比航空业带来的排放量还要多。故选择B项。7．细节理解题。根据第三段“Allindividualsdecidetheircommuting(通勤)modetryingtoreducetheircosts,buttheresultistheoverallworst-casesituation,wheretheaveragecommutingtimeislongerandallpeopledecidetousetheircar.（所有人选择他们的通勤方式，试图减少他们的出行成本，但是结果是总体上最坏的情况，所有人都决定使用他们的汽车，平均通勤时间更长）”可知，作者从他们的模型得出：所有人都开车上班，通勤时间会更长，故选择B项。8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifourgoalistohavemorelivableanddevelopedcities,thenwemusttakepartofthislandandgiveittoothermodesoftransportation:walking,cyclingandpublictransport.（如果我们的目标是拥有更宜居和发达的城市，那么我们必须参与这片土地，并把它交给其他交通方式，步行、自行车和公共交通方式）”可知，选择公共交通方式会使城市更好发展。故选择D项。9．C10．D11．D12．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款人工智能聊天机器人系统——ChatGPT。介绍了它是如何工作的以及它的缺点。9．细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Thebotwillrememberthethreadofyourdialogue,usingpreviousquestionsandanswerstoinformitsnextresponses,whicharederivedfromhugeamountofinformationontheInternet.（机器人会记住你对话的线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知它的下一个回答，这些回答来自互联网上的大量信息）”可知，ChatGPT是利用现在互联网上的大量信息，而不是升级并取代我们正在使用的搜索引擎。故选C项。10．句意猜测题。根据该段的第一句话“ButitscreatorwarnsthatChatGPT“mayoccasionallygenerateincorrectormisleadinginformation,”sobecareful.（但它的创建者警告说，ChatGPT‘可能偶尔会产生不正确或误导性的信息’，所以要小心）”和作者提到的为了让它写的诗更刺激，它使用了‘battlefield,adrenaline,thunderandadventure’这样的词，很明显，这些词没有什么关联性和创造性。所以，你不能期待ChatGPT成为一个有创造性作家。故选D项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的时间状语从句“Butuntilitcandrilldown(钻研)thehumanaspectsofhowwecommunicateandinteract,andwebetterunderstandtherisksanddangerousimplicationsthataperfectcomputercanpresent,…（但是，在它能够深入钻研我们人类是如何沟通和互动的，以及我们更好地理解完美计算机可能带来的风险和危险影响之前，……）”可知，在作者提到的这些问题解决之前，作者对ChatGPT肯定是持怀疑的态度。故选D项。12．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一款人工智能聊天机器人系统——ChatGPT。介绍了它是如何工作的以及它的缺点。所以用B项“ChatGPT:现在流行的一种酷而令人担忧的技术”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。13．B14．D15．E16．F17．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“smart”这个词的多种含义。13．根据上文“Isitagoodthingorsomethingbad?”（是好事还是坏事呢？）下文“Thisisbecausethewordsmarthasmanymeanings.”（这是因为聪明这个词有很多意义）”可知，空处并非回答前文的问题，因此横线处是一个过渡句，承上启下，既没有准确回答前面的问题，又引出下文，即这个问题不好回答。选项B.“答案并不像你想象的那么简单。”符合题意，故选B。14．根据上文“Orifafriendsayssomethingthathurtsyourfeelings,youcansayyouaresmartingfromthehurtfulcomments.（或者，如果一个朋友说了一些伤害你感情的话，你可以说你是从有伤害的评论中变聪明的。）”可知，受了伤害变聪明后，下次可能不会给别人伤害自己的机会，即不与那人继续做朋友。选项D.“事实上，也许那个人不再是你的朋友了。”符合题意，故选D。15．根据下句“Ifsomeoneissmartaswhip,theyareabletothinkveryquickly.（如果有人像鞭子一样聪明，他们能够很快思考）”可知，此段先介绍smart刺痛的含义，然后介绍聪明的含义，等同于intelligent。前后是转折关系，选项E.“但是“smart”最常见的意思是聪明。”选项E中有转折词。故选E。16．根据下文“Somepeopleareconsideredstreetsmart.（有些人被认为是街头智者）”及“Otherpeoplemightbebooksmart.（其他人可能是书呆子。）”可知，此段介绍了不同的人有不同方式的聪明。选项F.“然而，不同的人有不同的聪明方式。”引出了下文的两种智者的方式，符合题意，故选F。17．根据上文““Don’tgetsmartwithme!”Here,“smart”meanstoshowalackofrespectbysayingsomethingunkind.Thisdefinitionofsmartcanalsobeusedasaverb.(“不要跟我耍聪明！”在这里，“聪明”意味着说一些不客气的事实而表现出缺乏尊重。聪明的这个含义也可以用作一个动词。)”可知，smart有自作聪明的意思，但自作聪明的结果往往是尴尬的，有可能聪明反被聪明误，给自己带来不快。选项G.“如果你对不恰当的人无礼，他们可能会打你的脸。”，短语：smartofftosb.“你对某人说出一些粗鄙的言论，显得不敬”，承接上文，讲述了自作聪明带来的结果，该作动用法的词为词是且符合题意。故选G。18．B19．C20．C21．A22．D23．D24．B25．C26．B27．A28．B29．C30．B31．A32．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群学生使用3D打印技术帮助右手残疾的学生Peralta制作了假手，恢复了正常生活的故事。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他出生的时候，他的右手还没有完全发育。A.raise举起；B.develop发育；C.change改变；D.connect连接。根据下文“HethensawPeraltadidn’thavearighthand(然后他看到佩拉尔塔没有右手)”可知，Peralta右手残疾，由此推知他出生时右手没有完全发育，故选B项。19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从他小时候起，他的同学就一直问他的手，有些人甚至取笑他。A.convinced说服；B.defeated击败；C.teased取笑；D.admired羡慕。根据上文“Eversincehewasachild,hisclassmateshaveaskedabouthishand”和even可知，Peralta右手残疾，同学一直问他，甚至取笑他，故选C项。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：计算机科学老师杰夫·威尔金斯注意到Peralta是唯一一个把鼠标移到键盘左侧的学生。A.cycled循环；B.reserved预定；C.moved移动；D.kicked踢。根据下文“hismousetotheleftsideofhiskeyboard.”可知，鼠标通常都是在键盘的右侧，而Peralta没有右手，他只能把鼠标移动到键盘左侧，故选C项。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔金斯就假手一事与Peralta和他的母亲接洽时，他们表示有兴趣，但担心制作假手对高中班的学生来说可能很有挑战性。A.approached靠近；洽谈；B.promised承诺；C.observed观察；D.advertised宣传。根据下文“Peraltaandhismotheraboutaprosthetichand(就假手一事与Peralta和他的母亲……)”可知，威尔金斯是找Peralta和他的母亲谈假手一事，故选A项。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.rewarding值得的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.approving赞成的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“InearlyNovember,Wilkinssecretlyassignedthreeofhisstudentstotheproject(11月初，威尔金斯秘密指派他的三名学生参与该项目)”可知，威尔金斯让他的学生参与制作假手的项目，对于高中生来说，这么一个项目是有挑战性的，故选D项。23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：11月初，威尔金斯秘密指派他的三名学生参与该项目。A.randomly随机地；B.deliberately故意地；C.temporarily临时地；D.secretly秘密地。根据下文“Thegroupdidsowhilekeepingtheirprogressasecret(该小组这样做的同时对他们的进展保密)”可知，这项工作室秘密进行的，故选D项。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想让他抱太大希望。A.fears害怕；B.hopes希望；C.demands要求；D.doubts怀疑。根据下文“I’dratherunder-promiseandover-deliverthanover-promiseandunder-deliveronsomethinglikethis(我宁愿承诺不足、兑现过度，也不愿承诺过度、兑现不足)”可知，威尔金斯担心承诺不足、兑现过度，不希望Peralta对此抱太大希望，故选B项。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该小组这样做的同时对他们的进展保密。A.attention注意；B.memories记忆；C.progress进展；D.conflicts冲突。根据下文“Theymeasuredclassmates’handstocalculatePeralta’sidealfit(他们测量了同学的手，计算出Peralta塔的理想配合度)”可知，他们通过测量同学的手的方式计算出Peralta的合适尺寸，可推理出他们对工作的进展情况保密，故选C项。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.typical典型的；B.ideal理想的；C.normal正常的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Theymeasuredclassmates’handstocalculate”可知他们通过测量同学的手的方式，进行精确计算，目的是为了计算出Peralta的合适尺寸，故选B项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在工作了大约一周后，学生们使用学校的3D打印机制作了一个模型。A.create制作；B.select选择；C.deliver递；送；D.save保存。根据上文“3Dprinter(3D打印机)”以及下文“amodel(模型)”可推理出学生使用3D打印机制作模型，故选A项。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们说，他们担心Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手，但当他戴上模型，他可以弯曲手指。A.remembered记得；B.worried担心；C.argued争吵；D.regretted后悔。根据下文“Peraltawouldn’tlikeorusethehand(Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手)”可知，学生们担心Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手，故选B项。29．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.turnedup出现；B.searchedfor寻找；C.puton戴上；D.threwaway扔掉。根据下文“hecouldbendhisfingers(他可以弯曲手指)”可推理