名词性从句讲解与练习

名词性从句讲解与练习导读：英语中的复合句（名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句），在各省份的单项选择中一般有2-3题。因为高考中复合句是重点考查内容，所以我们应该学好复合句。本章将重点讨论名词性从句。一，名词性从句基础知识1，名词性从句基本概念：：在句中，充当主语，宾语，表语，同位语是一个句子，这个句子就叫名词性从句。名词性从句可以分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。Whatmattersisnotwinningbutparticipating.（主语从句）Whowillgothereisnotdecided. （主语从句）Thatyouwanttobeindependentisonlynatural.（主语从句）温馨提示：我们常常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末。ILisnotdecidedwhowillgothere.U_isonlynaturalthatyouwanttobeindependent.Itisfearedthatmanyliveshavebeenlostintheearthquake.Idon'tknowwhyheisalwaysfindingfaultwithme. （宾语从句动词+宾语从句）Thesingermadenocommentonwetherhehadsoldhisstorytoanewspaper.（宾语从句介词+宾语从句）Iamafraidthatthedoctorscandonothingtosavethepatient.（宾语从句be+adj.+宾语从句）Iamnotsurewhether/ifhewillcome. （宾语从句be+adj.+宾语从句）Myhomwtownisnolongerwhatitusedtobetenyearsago.（表语从句）WhatIwanttoknowiswhenwewillhavethesportsmeet. （表语从句）ThetruthisthatIdon'tgetonwithmyflat-mate. （表语从句）同位语从句概念：位于名词（一般是抽象名词）news,fact,story,hope,wish,suggestion,proposal,idea,rumor等之后的从句，说明该名词的具体内容，这个从句就叫同位语从句。Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadthroughoutthewholeschool.HeexpressedhishopethathewouldcometoChengduagain.ThequestionwhetherwewilltakefurtheractionhasnotbeendiscussedIhavenoideawhichdictionaryofthethreebelongstoher.注意：1）,同位语从句的分割现象同位语从句有时不是跟在有关的名词之后，而是被其它词隔开了。We’vejustheardawarningontheradiothatatyphoonmaybeonitsway.Therumorspreadthatanewcompanywouldbebuilthere.Thestorygoesthattheyaredivorced.Wordcamethathewouldleaveofficesoon.2,名词性从句连接词名词性从句可以由的单纯连接词，连接代词，连接副词引导。1） 单纯连接词：that,whether/if在名词性从句中不作成分。HesaidthathewouldcometoChinaagain.Idon'tknowwhether/ifhewillcomeback.表语从句还可以由单纯连接词asif/though,because引导。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Iamverytirednow.ThatisbecauseIhavebeenworkingforfourhours.2） ，连接代词：what,who,which,whose,whatever,whoever,whichever.连接代词在名词性从句中作主语，宾语等成分Idon'tknowwhathewants.Afterwhatwasaboutfiveminutes,theteachergavethestudentsthecorrectanswertothequestion.Givethebooktowhoeverwantsit.3） ，连接副词：where,when,why,how,as,wherever,whenever,however.在名词性从中作状语Idon'tknowwherehehasgone.Whenwewillstartisnotdecided.Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe.二）名词性从句考点:1,that何时可以省略that在宾语从句大多数情况可以省略Weregret(that)youdidnotfindourprouctsatisfactory.Wetoldthedriver(that)wewereinahurry.特别注意：在宾语从句中，不能省略that的情况：同一动词支配两个宾语从句时，第二个宾语从句的that不能省略。HesaidhecamefromWuhanandthathehaddecidedtosettleinChengdu.it作形式宾语时Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpthepoor.有插入语时Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,thatwewouldgivehimanotherchance.Idon'tdoubt,inanycase,thathewillonmyside.4),宾语从句位于句首时，Thatyoudidnotfindourproductsatisfactory,wereallyregret.在主语，表语，同位语从句中一般不能省略。Thatyouwanttobeinependentisonlynatural.TheadvantageofDVDisthatitgivesyoumuchbetterpicturequality.Weshouldmakepeoplefacethefactthatalotofpeoplediefromsmokingeveryyear.小试身手：改错练习：HeexpressedthehopehewouldcometoChinaagain.Thetruthishehasneverbeenabroad.3,Itisreportedhestudiedabroadlastyear.4,IthinkitnecessaryweshouldlearnEnglishwell.Hesaidhecouldn'ttellittoyourightawayandyouwouldn'tunderstand.Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,wewouldgivehimanotherchance.标准答案：1，在hope后加that 2,在is后加that3,在reported后加that在necessary后加that5,在and后加that6,在we前加that2,if和whether的区别：在宾语从句中，if和whether一般都可以使用.Iwonderwhetherr/ifhewillcometoday.Iamnotsurewether/ifheisfitforthejob.特别注意：在宾语从句中，只能使用whether的情况：介词之后Yoursuccessorfailuredependsonwhetheryouworkhard.紧跟ornot时Sheaskedmewhetherornothewouldcome.某些动词如discuss,consider之后Theyarediscussingwhetherheisfitforthejob.Theyareconsideringwhethertheywillgothere.接不定式Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句只能用whether.WhetherIwillcomedependsonanumberofthings.Thequestioniswetherhewillcometohelp.Thequestionwhetherwewilltakefurtheractionhasnotbeendiscussed状语从句只能用if(此时if翻译为”如果”)。Iwon'tcomeifitrainstomorrow.Iwillgonowifyouwillexcuseme小试身手：请用whether和if填空：1,Iaskedhimhewouldcome.Iaskedhimornothewouldcome.Yoursuccessorfailuredependsonyouworkhard.4wewillgothereisnotdecided.Ihavenoideahewillcome.youwillexcuseme,Iwillgonow.Thequestioniswecanfinishourworkbytomorrowmorning.Iamnotcertainhewillcome.标准答案:wether/if2,wether3,wether4,Wether5,wether6,If7,wether8,Wehter3,that和what的区别“that”在名词性从句不作任何句子成分；J!isfearedthatmanyliveshavebeenlostintheearthquake.what在名词性成句中要作句子成分并且what从句常常与适合的n+that引导定语从句意义一样。Whatwewecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.=Thingsthatwecan’tgetseembetterthanthingswehave.IamnotwhatIusedtobetenyearsago.=IamnotthepersonthatIusedtobetenyearsago.请用that和what填空Myideaisyoushouldmakegooduseofyourtime.hewillcometothediscussioniscertain.heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.Afterwasaboutfiveminutes,theteachergavethestudentsthecorrectanswertothequestion.Knowingitwasjustadifferenceincustom,theforeignersmiled.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscaratIthoughtwasadangerousspeed.Itisprettywellunderstoodcontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinandoutoftheatmospheretoday.标准答案:1，that 2,That 3,What 4,what5,that 6,what 7,whatwhat(ever)和which(ever)的区别：which(ever)说话者心中有一定的范围；用what(ever)说话者心中没有范围请用what(ever)和which(ever)填空1，teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenextnationalchampionships.2，Heisreadytoaccepthelphecanget.ItakebackIsaidjustnow.Theyareallgoodbooks.Ireallydon'tknowoneIshouldchoose.标准答案：whichever2,whatever3what4,which其它连接代词或副词的考查，常常根据句意即可选出。----Iwenttoattendthelectureyesterday.——Isthatyouhadadayoff?AwhyBbecauseCthat DwhatJohn,goandgetyourbackpack.Itisjustyouleftit.AwhenBthereCwhat Dwhere——Doyouknowhewillcomehere? Bybike.AwhyBwhenChow DwhatHesaidthateveryoneshouldgetequalpay.ThatisIdisagree.AwhatBwhereBthatDwhich标准答案：1-4,ADCB名词性从句都要用陈述语序；感叹句充当从句，其语序不变。Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder.AhowmuchdidtheycostBhowmuchtheycostChowmuchweretheycostDhowmuchtheywerecostYoucan'timagine!AwhatahardlifeMr.lanisliving BhowahardlifeisMr.LanlivingCwhatMr.Lanislivingahardlife DhowMr.Lanislivingahardlife标准答案：1-2BA若主句动词是过去形式，宾语从句要用相应过去形；但客观真理时态不变，仍然用一般现在时。HetoldmethatMr.Lanwasgoingtobuyacarsoon.WhenIwasinjuniormiddleschool,mygeographyteacheroftentoldmethesunrisesintheeast..

whoever,whatever,whichever弓I导的从句与nomatterwho,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich引导的从句的区别：Whatever等既可以引导让步状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句。Nomatterwhat等只能引导让步状语从句。won'tchangemymind,whateveryousay.=Iwon'tchangemymind,whateveryousay.Whateverhasabeginningalsohasanend..温馨提示：如果去掉whatever引导的从句，剩下部分是完整的句子，whatever引导的是让步状语从句。此时whatever可以由nomatterwhat替换。如果如果去掉whatever引导的从句，剩下部分不是完整的句子，whatever引导的是名词性从句。此时whatever不能用nomatterwhat替换。Whoeverrunsthecountry,wearealwaysinamess.=Nomatterwhorunsthecountry,wearealwaysinamess.Whoeverfinishesfirstwillgetaprize.小试身手：1，breaksthelawdeservesafine.AWhomeverBAnyoneCWhoeverDNomatterwho hasabeginningalsohasanend..AWhateverBNomatterwhatCWhicheverDAnythingteamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenextgame.AWhateverBWhicheverCAny DNomatterwhich4，Thejourneytakesages,routeyoutake.AwhateverBeitherCnomatterwhich Dany5hasfinishedtheirhomeworkmaygonow.AWhoeverBThosewhoCNomatterwhoDAnyoneAWhoeverBThosewhoCNomatterwhoDAnyone标准答案：1-5CABCA注意从句夹从句的情况1,Makehimmakeapromisehehaswillbeyourswhenhedies.AthatBwhateverCthatwhatever Dwhat标准答案：Cbesure/certainabout/ofbeafraidofbehappyaboutbeawareofbedoubtfulabout等动词短语，后接that宾语从句时,要省略介词。改错：IwasafraidofthatImighthurthisfeelings.Thegirlwassureofthatshewouldbeabletorecognizeherattacker.Iamhappyaboutthatmyfatherwillcomebackhometomorrow.1,去掉of2,去掉of3去掉about、 名词性从句练习1.（全国卷I33）.Wehaven'tdiscussedyetwearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where（全国II10）—Haveyoufinishedthebook?—No.I'vereaduptothechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where（北京卷31）.IwanttobelikedandlovedforIaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.how（北京卷32）.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was__itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether（北京卷33）.somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.How（福建卷35）.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon'thavewehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.thatB.whichC.what D.whether（湖南卷35）.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why（江苏卷35）.----IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.----That'sIdon'tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what（辽宁卷34）.----It'snousehavingideasonly.----Don'tworry.Petercanshowyoutoturnanideaintoanact.A.howB.whoC.whatD.where（山东卷26）.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistofmykidswillneedforthecomingseason.A.whyB.whatC.howD.which（陕西卷18）.Itneveroccurredtomeyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.if（四川卷14）.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyonhegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why（天津卷14）.Asanewgraduate,hedoesn'tknowittakestostartabusinesshere.A.howB.whatC.whenD.which.（重庆卷25）.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestionshadusedtheproducts.A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which15.（浙江卷1）.--Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?--OK,__youwant.

A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoeverA.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever名词性从句练习---IbelievewewillhaveagoodtimewithMissGreeninyourbirthdayparty.---Maybe.Butitisstillaquestion,youknow,shecansparetimetocome.AwhetherBwhenCthatDifAreadingroomisyoucanreadnewspapersandmagazinesaswellasbooks.AinwhichBthatCwhatDwhereTheword"media"referstowecommonlycallnewspapers,magazines,radiosandtelevisions.AwhichBthatCwhereDwhatAgunistoasoldierapenistoawriter.AasBlikeCwhatDthatIfIwereanyyounger,IwoulddoIaminterestedin.AnomatterwhatBwhateverCnomatterwhichDwhicheverThecouplearespendingtheirholidayonisdescribedasoneofthemostbeautifulislands.AthatBwhatCwhichDwhereItisknowncontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinandoutoftheatmosphere.AthatBwhenCwhatDhowfashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.AWhatBThatCWhichD/shecouldn'tunderstandwasfewerandfewerstudentsshowinterestinhislessons.AWhat;whyBThat;whyCWhat;becauseDThat;becauseTheplaceatwhichthebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbethetrafficistheheaviest,AwhenBwhichCwhereDinwhichPerseveranceisakindofquality---thatisittakestodoanythingwell.AwhatBthatCwhichDwhyWhatthedoctorsreallydoubtismymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdisease.AifBwhetherChowDwhenAstorygoesthequeenofthecountrylikedbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.AwhereBwhichCwhat Dthatyoudon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.AWhatBThat CWhetherCHowYoucan'timaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.Ahowtheywereexcited BhowexcitedtheywereChowexcitedwerethey DtheywerehowexcitedIwonderwecandoaboutit.Aif BhowCwhatDthatInordertoencouragethestudentstostudyhard,theschoolmasterwillgiveaprizetocomesfirstinthecompetition.AwhoeverBwhomeverCanyoneDnomatterwhoOurclassadviserdoesn'tdoubt,inanycase,wecanovercomethedifficultiesinourstudiesAhowBwhetherCthatDwhichItisnotexpectedhesaidcausedsomuchdiscussionatthemeeting.Athat B/CwhatDthatwhatAsfarasIknow,quiteafewcreaturesinthisfilmarenotrealatallandalotofhappensisoutof