解剖学双语专业知识培训课件

解剖学双语专业知识Theskulliscomposedof23bones,whichmaybedividedintothecerebralcranium脑颅andfacialcranium面颅

2解剖学双语专业知识Skull颅Cerebralcranium

脑颅(8)

―larger,upperandposteriorpart,containsandprotectsthebrainSinglebones:include

frontalbone额骨

ethmoidbone筛骨sphenoidbone蝶骨occipitalbone枕骨Pairedbones:includetemporalbone颞骨parietalbone顶骨

3解剖学双语专业知识Skull颅Bonesoffacialcranium

面颅骨(15)―smaller,lower,andanteriorpart,containsbonesthatsurroundedtheeye,noseandmouthSinglebones:includemandible下颌骨

vomer

犁骨hyoidbone舌骨Pairedbones:includemaxilla上颌骨nasalbone鼻骨

lacrimalbone泪骨

palatinebone腭骨zygomaticbone颧骨

inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲4解剖学双语专业知识Bonesoffacialcranium

面颅骨面颅上颌为中心，上鼻泪，下下颌，

外颧内甲后犁腭，舌骨颈前单落脚。5解剖学双语专业知识FrontalboneZygomaticboneNasalboneMaxilla

MandibleSphenoidbone

parietalbone

TemporalboneOccipitalbone6解剖学双语专业知识

Mandible下颌骨Bodyofmandible

Superiorborder:alveolararch牙槽弓Inferiorborder:baseofmandible下颌底Outersurface:mentalprotuberance颏隆凸Mentalforamen

颏孔Innersurface:mentalspine颏棘Digastricfossa二腹肌窝7解剖学双语专业知识Mandible下颌骨RamusMandibularnotch下颌切迹Coronoidprocess冠突Condylarprocess

髁突headofmandible下颌头

neckofmandible下颌颈Mandibularforamen

下颌孔Mandibularlingula下颌小舌Angleofmandible下颌角Masseterictuberocity

咬肌粗隆8解剖学双语专业知识Theskullasawhole颅的整体观9解剖学双语专业知识Skullviewedfromabove(superiorview)Bones:frontalbone

额骨pairedparietalbone顶骨occipitalbone枕骨Sutures:Coronalsuture

冠状缝Sagittalsuture

矢状缝

Lambdoidsuture人字缝parietaltuber顶结节

parietalforamen顶孔10解剖学双语专业知识Skullviewedfromabove(superiorview)Internalsurfaceofthecalvaria

sulcusforsuperiorsagittalsinus上矢状窦沟granularfoveola

颗粒小凹arterialgrooves动脉沟11解剖学双语专业知识Skullviewedfrombehind

Externaloccipitalprotuberance

枕外隆凸Superiornuchalline上项线Inferiornuchalline

下项线12解剖学双语专业知识Internalviewofbaseofskull

颅底内面观Baseofskullformsthreefossae

Anteriorcranialfossa

颅前窝Middlecranialfossa

颅中窝Posteriorcranialfossa

颅后窝

13解剖学双语专业知识Internalviewofbaseofskull

颅底内面观14解剖学双语专业知识Anteriorcranialfossa颅前窝Formedbyorbitalpartoffrontalbone,cribriformplateofethmoid,andlesserwingsofsphenoidStructures:frontalcrest额嵴

foramencecum盲孔

cristagalli鸡冠

cribriformplate筛板

cribriformforamina筛孔15解剖学双语专业知识Meddlecranialfossa

颅中窝Formedbythebodyandgreaterwingsofsphenoid,petrouspartoftemporalStructures:Bodyofsphenoidbone蝶骨体

Hypophysialfossa垂体窝

Opticcanal视神经管

Anteriorclinoidprocess前床突

Tuberculumsellae鞍结节

Dorsumsellae鞍背

Posteriorclinoidprocess后床突

Sellaturcica蝶鞍

16解剖学双语专业知识Meddlecranialfossa

颅中窝Carotidsulcus颈动脉沟

Superiororbitalfissure眶上裂Foramenrotundum圆孔

Foramenovale卵圆孔

Foramenspinosum棘孔Sulcusformiddlemeningealartery脑膜中动脉沟Foramenlacerum破裂孔

Internalopeningofcarotidcanal颈脉管内口Trigeminalimpression

三叉神经压迹Arcuateeminence弓状隆起Tegmentympani鼓室盖

17解剖学双语专业知识Posteriorcranialfossa

颅后窝

FormedbyoccipitalandthepetrouspartoftemporalStructures:

foramenmagnum枕骨大孔

clivus

斜坡

internalopeningofhypoglossalcanal

舌下神经管内口

internaloccipitalprotuberance

枕内隆凸internaloccipitalcrest枕内嵴

sulcusfortransversesinus横窦沟

sulcusforsigmoidsinus乙状窦沟

jugularforamen颈静脉孔

internalacousticpore内耳门internalacousticmeatus内耳道18解剖学双语专业知识

Lateralviewoftheskull

颅侧面观20解剖学双语专业知识Lateralviewoftheskull

颅侧面观Infratemporalfossa颞下窝pterygomaxillaryfissure翼上颌裂

pterygopalatinefossa翼腭窝

sphenopalatineforamen蝶腭孔

21解剖学双语专业知识Skullviewedfromthefront(anteriorview)

颅的前面观Frontalregion:

frontalsquama额鳞frontaltuber额结节superciliaryarch眉弓

glabella眉间22解剖学双语专业知识Orbit眶pyramid-shapedpairedcavitiesBase:supraorbitalnotch眶上切迹infraorbitalforamen眶下孔Apex:opticcanal视神经管WallsSuperior:

fossaforlacrimalgland

泪腺窝Medial:fossaforlacrimalsac泪囊窝Inferior:

infraorbitalfissure眶下裂

infraorbitalgroove眶下沟

infraorbitalcanal眶下管23解剖学双语专业知识Bonynasalcavity

骨性鼻腔Roof:cribriformplateofethmoidFloor:bonypalateMedialwall―bonyseptumofnoseLateralwallSuperior,middleandinferiornasalconchae上、中、下鼻甲Superior,middleandinferiornasalmeatus(underlyingeachconcha)

上、中、下鼻道Sphenoethmoidalrecess蝶筛隐窝

abovesuperiornasalconchaAnterior―piriformaperture

梨状孔Posterior―posteriornasalaperture

鼻后孔

communicateswithpharynx24解剖学双语专业知识Paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦Frontalsinus额窦Liesinfrontalbone,deeptosuperciliaryarchDraintoanteriorpartofmiddlemeatus25解剖学双语专业知识Paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦Maxillarysinus上颌窦Largestpairedsinus,lieinthebodyofmaxilla;Openingintomiddlenasalmeatus26解剖学双语专业知识Paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦Ethmoidalcellules筛窦Lieinethmoidalbone,containslargenumberofaircells,dividedintoanterior,middleandposteriorgroupsAnteriorandmiddlegroupsdrainintomiddlenasalmeatus,whileposteriorgroupdrainsintosuperiornasalmeatus27解剖学双语专业知识Paranasalsinuses鼻旁窦Sphenoidalsinus蝶窦LiesinbodyofsphenoidboneDrainintosphenoethmoidalrecess28解剖学双语专业知识Generalcharactersoftheskullatbirth

新生儿颅的特征Theskullatbirthislargeinproportiontorestoftheskeleton―1/4(adult1/7)Thefacialportionequalsaboutoneeightthatofthecraniuminsize,whereasin