图书馆管理ILibraryManagementI课件

StrategicPlanningPurpose

长远规划目的Setsthedirectionoforganizationforthefuture为一个机构设定未来方向Developsstrategiestoachieveorganizationalvision,mission,andvalues为实现机构的使命和价值制定发展策略Makesdecisionsaboutresourceallocationtoreachfuturegoals为实现未来目标决定资源分配StepsinStrategicPlanningProcess

长远规划步骤DefineVision,MissionandValues阐述展望、使命和观念Analyzethecurrentsituation,includingorganizationalstrengths,weaknesses,opportunitiesandthreats(SWOT).分析现状，包括机构的优势、弱势、面临的机会和挑战Definegoalstoclosethegapbetweenthecurrentorganizationalstateandthedesiredfuture拟定目标以缩小现状和未来想达到状况的差距Formulatestrategies(specificobjectives)relatedtoeachofthegoalstomovetowarddesiredfuture针对每一目标制定具体的策略(实施计划)Implementtheagreeduponstrategies实施策略Conductongoingassessmentoftheeffectivenessofimplementationprocessandinitiatechangesasnecessary对策略的实施效果进行实时评估，并按实际需要调整策略Reviewandrevisestrategicplanatleastonceayear至少一年一次回顾和修改长远规划Vision,Mission,Values

展望.使命.观念Vision–statementofintendedfuture-thefundamentaldirectionoftheorganization展望–对未来的构想–机构的基本未来方向Mission–describesreasonorganizationexists,themajorpurposeoftheorganization使命–阐述机构存在的原因和主要目的Values–keybeliefssharedbyorganizationalmembers.Needstoreflectorganizationalcultureandpriorities观念–机构成员共享的主要信念。需要反映机构文化和优先考虑的事项UNESCOPublicLibraryManifesto

联合国教科文组织公共图书馆宣言Vision–“Thepubliclibrary,thelocalgatewaytoknowledge,providesabasicconditionforlifelonglearning,independentdecision-makingandculturaldevelopmentoftheindividualandsocialgroups.”展望–“公共图书馆是各地通向知识之门，为个人和社会群体终身学习、独立决策和文化发展提供了基本条件。”Mission–“Thepubliclibraryisthelocalcentreofinformation,makingallkindsofknowledgeandinformationreadilyavailabletousers.”使命–“公共图书馆是各地的信息中心，用户随时可以得到各种知识与信息。”/webworld/libraries/manifestos/libraman.html中文：/webworld/libraries/manifestos/libraman_ch.pdfUNESCOSchoolLibraryManifesto

联合国教科文组织学校图书馆宣言Vision–“Librariansandteachersworktogether,studentsachievehigherlevelsofliteracy,reading,learning,problem-solvingandinformationandcommunicationtechnologyskills.”展望–“图书馆员和教师密切合作,帮助学生获得更高的文化，阅读，学习，解决问题，信息和交流技能。”Mission-“Theschoollibraryofferslearningservices,booksandresourcesthatenableallmembersoftheschoolcommunitytobecomecriticalthinkersandeffectiveusersofinformationinallformatsandmedia.”使命-“学校图书馆提供学习服务和图书资源以帮助学校成员成为有判断力的思想者，帮助他们有效利用图书馆各种形式的信息资源。”/webworld/libraries/manifestos/school_manifesto.html

Values观念SampleSchoolLibraryValues(inUSA)典型的美国学校图书馆观念Readingisthekeytolearning,personalgrowth,andenjoyment阅读是学习，个人成长和娱乐的关键技能Informationliteracyisessentialtoourstudents’futuresuccess信息技能对学生的未来成功起着必不可少的作用Allstudentsdeserveaccesstobooksandinformationresources所有学生都应获取图书和信息资源Allstudentscanachievetheirpotential所有学生都能发挥最大潜能Treateveryonewiththesamerespectaswetreatourselves尊重别人像对自己一样Studentshaveavoice尊重学生的意见AdaptedfromCommonBeliefssectionofAASL’sStandardsforthe21stCenturyLearner:/ala/mgrps/divs/aasl/guidelinesandstandards/learningstandards/AASL_LearningStandards.pdfAnalyzingtheCurrentSituation

分析现状Preparebackgroundinformationbyreviewingpolitical,economic,technologicalandsocialinternalandexternalorganizationalfactorsthatimpactupontheorganization.准备背景信息，查看政治、经济、技术和社会等对机构造成影响的内部和外部因素Canyouprovidesomeexamplesforeachofthesecategories?你能对如下类别举一些例子吗?Political政治因素Economic经济因素Social社会因素Technological技术因素AnalyzingStrengthsandWeaknesses

分析优势和弱势Needtoknowyourinternalandexternalorganizationalenvironmentinordertodoplanning需要了解机构的内部和外部环境以便作计划Strengths–internalorganizationalconditionshelpfulinreachingtheintendedfuture内部优势–机构内部有利于实现目标的条件Weaknesses–internalorganizationalconditionsthatwillmakeitdifficulttoreachtheintendedfuture内部弱势–机构内部不利于实现目标的条件Opportunities–externalconditionshelpfulinreachingtheintendedfuture外部机会–机构外部有利于实现目标的条件Threats–externalconditionsthatwillmakeitdifficulttoreachtheintendedfuture外部挑战–机构外部不利于实现目标的条件SampleSWOTChart–SchoolLibrary

SWOT表例–学校图书馆Strengths内部优势●Studentaccesstoonlinecatalogandinternet学生可使用联机目录和上网●Recentlyimprovedcollections刚改善的馆藏●Networkofbranch(satellite)librarystations与图书馆分馆(卫星站)联网●FinancialsupportfromSchoolAdministration学校管理部门的财政支持●Dedicatedlibrarystaff尽职的图书馆工作人员●Libraryopenduringalllunchperiodsandduringafterschoolhours图书馆在午休和放学后开放Weaknesses内部弱势●Onlyonepublicinternetstationinlibrary馆内只有一台公用联网电脑●Limitedcollaborationwithclassroomteachers与学校教师合作有限●Lackoftrainingforlibrarystafftoupdateskills缺少对馆工作人员的培训●Limitedcirculationofcollectionstostudentsandcommunitymembers对学生和社区成员馆藏流通量有限●Nolibraryplanforfuturewithmission,goals,andobjectives没有拟定图书馆的使命、未来目标和实施计划Opportunities外部机会●Hireteacherwithlibrariancredentialtotrainstaffandprovideleadershipforfutureplan邀请有馆员学历的老师给员工培训及作未来计划●Alignlibraryprogramwithschoolmission馆内项目和学校的任务密切相关●Developclassroominformationliteracyandcriticalthinkingassignmentsincollaborationwithclassroomteachers与教师合作，给学生设计课堂信息技术和运用判断力的作业●InitiateLibraryAdvisoryBoard建立图书馆顾问委员会Threats外部挑战●Limitedfinancialresources有限的财政资源●Lackofschoolcommitmenttohiringqualifiedlibrarian学校没有雇用合格的图书馆工作人员●Lackofconsensusonbestfutureplanandroleforlibraryinmeetingschoolmission对图书馆在学校的角色和未来发展计划没有共识●Classroomteachersreluctanttoutilizelibraryassignmentsinfavoroftestpreparation学校老师侧重考试，不愿让学生过多使用图书馆Exercise–SWOTforyourLibrary

练习–你的图书馆的SWOTForyourlibrary,pleaselistone:请列出你的图书馆的：Strength_______________________Weakness______________________Opportunity_____________________Threat_________________________内部优势_______________________内部弱势______________________外部机会_____________________外部挑战_________________________Generally,StrengthsandWeaknessesarefactorsINTERNALtotheorganizationandOpportunitiesandThreatsarefactorsEXTERNALtotheorganizationDefiningGoals拟定目标Goals–relativelyfewinnumber;generalstatementsrelatedtothepurposeoftheorganization.Serveasstatementsofintendedfuturefororganization.目标–相对数量较少;是对机构目的和未来发展的一般陈述。Processofanalysisofstrengths,weaknesses,opportunities,andthreatsshouldinvolvediscussionswiththeschoolleadershipandteachersincaseofaschoolandcommunityleadersincaseofacommunitylibrary.分析内部优势弱势和外部机会挑战时应和学校领导和老师讨论(或如果是社区图书馆，则与社区领导讨论)Thelibrary’sprimarycommunityperspectivesarekeyinsettinganddetermininggoals图书馆的主要服务对象是拟定目标的关键ExampleGoalsfromUNESCOSchoolLibraryManifesto

联合国教科文组织学校图书馆宣言目标举例Supportingandenhancingeducationalgoalsasoutlinedintheschool’smissionandcurriculum;支持和增强在学校任务和课程中列出的教育目标;Developingandsustaininginchildrenthehabitandenjoymentofreadingandlearning,andtheuseoflibrariesthroughouttheirlives;发展和持续培养学生良好的阅读、学习和使用图书馆的习惯；Supportingallstudentsinlearningandpractisingskillsforevaluatingandusinginformation,regardlessofform,formatormedium,includingsensitivitytothemodesofcommunicationwithinthecommunity;支持所有学生学习和使用评估技术，以及利用各种信息(不管其形式和媒体)的技巧；Promotingreadingandtheresourcesandservicesoftheschoollibrarytothewholeschoolcommunityandbeyond.向全校师生及外界提倡阅读，宣传图书馆的资源和服务DevelopingObjectivesforEachGoal

为每项目标制定实施计划Objectivesarespecificactionplansformeetingeachgoal.Shouldbestrategiestoclosethegapbetweenpresentstatusanddesiredfuturefororganization实施计划是为达到目标的详细的行动计划。实施策略应缩短机构现状和未来期望的差距ObjectivesshouldbeSMART实施计划应当是SMART：

-Specific详细的

-Measurable可测量的

-Achievable可完成的

-Realistic实际的

-Timely 即时的SampleObjectiveforaUNESCO-GoalforSchoolLibrary

联合国教科文组织学校图书馆-目标的实施计划举例Goal:Promotingreadingandtheresourcesandservicesoftheschoollibrarytothewholeschoolcommunityandbeyond.目标:向全校师生及外界提倡阅读，宣传图书馆的资源和服务Objective1:Developandpresentfourauthorprogramsthatpromoteinterestinreadingintheschoolandbroadercommunityduringthe2009/2010year.实施计划1:在2009/2010年度，举行4次作家讲座以激发在校生和社区的阅读兴趣.Specific=fourauthorprograms详细的=4次作家讲座Measurable=feedbacksurveyformtoevaluatevalueofprogramsbyallparticipants可测量的=收集反馈表以评估讲座效果Achievable=calculateresourcesandbudgetrequired可完成的=计算所需资源和成本Realistic=determinewhetherresourcesareavailabletopresentfourprograms实际的=决定资源是否可获取Timely=during2009/2010year即时的=2009/2010年度Couldyouimproveuponthisobjective?你能改善此实施计划吗?ImplementationofStrategicPlan

实施计划Foreachobjective,listspecifictasks,personresponsible,resourcesthatwillberequired,andhowlevelofsuccessinmeetingtheobjectivewillbemeasured每项计划列出详细的任务、负责人、所需资源及如何评估Foreachobjective,developchartwithfollowingcolumns对每项计划作一张含下列项目的表：Objective目标SpecificTasks详细任务Responsibleperson负责人Resourcerequirements所需资源Timeline时间期限Measurementplan评估方法ExampleMeasurementPlan

评估方法举例Goal:Promotingreadingandtheresourcesandservicesoftheschoollibrarytothewholeschoolcommunityandbeyond.目标:向全校师生及外界提倡阅读，宣传图书馆的资源和服务Objective1:Developandpresentfourauthorprogramsthatpromoteinterestinreadingintheschoolandbroadercommunityduringthe2009/2010year.实施计划1:在2009/2010年度，举行4次作家讲座以激发在校生和社区的阅读兴趣Measurement:DevelopSurveytobecompletedbyallprogramattendees评估方法：设计问卷，调查所有活动参加者SampleProgramSurveyforParticipants

活动参加者问卷调查举例EVALUATIONOFAUTHORPROGRAM作家讲座评估Howdidyouhearabouttheprogram?你从哪里知道此讲座信息的?Whatcausedyoutoparticipateintheprogram?你参加讲座的原因?Pleasetelluswhatyouenjoyedmostabouttheprogram:你对讲座最感兴趣的部分是什么？Whatdidyoulearnthatwasnewabouttheauthor?你学到什么新的东西？Ifyouhadbeenplanningtheprogram,whatchangeswouldyoumake?如果由您来计划这个活动，你将作什么样的修改？Pleaseratetheoverallvalueoftheprograminpromotinginterestinreadinginthecommunity:请给此提倡社区阅读的活动打分：____veryvaluable____somewhatvaluable____notatallvaluable____非常有价值____有价值____没有价值Whatsuggestionsdoyouhaveforfutureprograms?你对未来的活动有何建议？NOTES:Tobeadministeredimmediatelyaftertheconclusionoftheprogram.注：讲座结束时立即实施SevenStepModelforDevelopingandEvaluatingObjectives

发展和评估实施计划的七步骤模式Identifytheproblemthatneedsattention确定需解决的问题Define