定语从句讲解关系代词的用法

定语从句讲解关系代词的用法Ⅰ根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语前置定语前置定语mybookaseven-dayholidayagoodholidayatoyfactoryadevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry后置定语aholidayofsevendayssomethingimportantacountrydevelopingfastabookwrittenbyLuXunabooktobepublished定语从句的定义及其定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作ablondegirl，agirlwithblondehair或agirlwhohasblondehair。定语从句通常由关系代词that/which/who/whom/which/as或关系副词when/where/why引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词,又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。Ⅲ定语从句的必备三要素1先行词（名词或代词）2关系词relativepron.(assub.,obj.,pred.)(that指人或物/which指物/who(m)指人/whose)找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素1.Youaretherightmanwhomwearelookingfor.2.I’vespentallthemoneythatwasgivenbymyparents.3.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheparty.4.Thisisthefactorywherethemachinesaremade.例句关系代词例句从句中作物Thenoodles(that)Icookeeredelicious.（作宾语）主语或宾指1）Whoisthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere（作Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaasJim’ssister.（作which在指1）Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneeuchwater.语whom在人TheforeignerwhovisitedourclassyesterdaiysfromCan别作主语TheboywhobrokethewindoscalledTom.（作主语）whose指whatisthenameoftheboywhosefatherisarailwaywor格）在定物语从句中leaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisblack.作定语Ⅴ课堂练习1找出下列各句中的定语从句，并分析其先行词：1Thefanthatyouwantisonthedesk.2Thewomanyousawintheparkisourgeographyteacher.3Hereisthegirlwhosebrotherworksinthisshop.4That’sthechildwhosedrawingwewerelookingatjustnow.5Thisistheboywhosesisterisafamoussinger.2把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句修饰物体时关系代词that和which的区分1.当先行词是nothing,something,anything,all,each,little,few,none,theone当先行词被all,any,some,no,not,every,each等修饰时。当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that.在therebe句型中,只用that.当先行词被thevery,thelast,thenext,theonly等词修饰时。当先行词又有人又有物时。1、非限制性定语从句中。存在)inthemotherschool..,wasgivenbyhisfather..Ⅱ修饰人时关系代词that和who,whom的区分。1．当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom。关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。高考真题1：,shehadrunbackinthedirectionshehadcome.简析：考查介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。先行词为事物时，关系代词既可用which，也可用that，但介词后的关系代词却只能用which。由于词组为comefrom，故此句应选fromwhich。2：Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,hewentontoCambridge.简析：考查介词＋关系代词which引导的定语从句。句意是上完中学后到剑桥大学深造，所以应选afterwhich。如果在空格前加上and，那么就要选B。TheEnglishplaymystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.简析：考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。表达“在英语剧中”，介词用Ⅲ定语从句的省略1.关系代词做定从中主语，不可省。Thereisagirlthat(who)