构词法(公开课)课件

Nevertrouble

troubleuntil

trouble

troublesyou.Grammar构词法(WordFormation)2016高考英语语法总复习Ifyoumeetthenewwordswhilereading,whatwillyoudo?It’snotalwaysnecessarytounderstandthemeaningofeveryword,justgoonreading!

Guessthemeaning!

How?

Whenwedealwiththeproblemsinreadingcomprehension,wecanuseWordFormationtohelpus,butthecontext(上下文，语境)isalsoveryimportant.1.Iwillnotmakefriendswithadishonest

person.2.Whenthelittleboyfinished,hisfatherwas

speechless.3.Abad-lookingpickpocketstolemywallet.根据构词法猜词

首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律,其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-,im-,mis-,-less,-ness等。小结dis+honest不诚实的speech+less

说不出话的pick+pocket扒手构词法派生法（Derivation）合成法(Compounding)

转化法（Conversion）缩略法（Abbreviation）

ableunable;teachteacherspace+shipspaceshipvisitv.visitn.Doityourself.DIY合成词Compoundpain-killer＋＝止痛药color-blind色盲＋＝梦游sleep-walker二、合成法（Compounding）highwaywaiting-roomkind-hearted

把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。一.合成名词例词newspaper;

含义greenhouse;温室效应handwriting;书写waiting-room;等候室earthquakesunrise日出necklace项链sightseeing观光报纸地震二.合成动词梦游；做白日梦Overwork;Oversleep加班，劳累过度；睡过头whitewash刷白sleepwalk;daydream三.合成形容词人造的snow-white雪白的English-speaking讲英语的man-made含义例词Short-lived;短暂的light-blue浅蓝色的good-looking好看的warm-hearted热心肠的second-hand二手的hard-working勤劳的well-known有名的underground地下的1)Thefirelastedabout4hoursbeforethe__

______couldcontrolit.2)Atschoolsheformedaclose_________withseveralothergirls.3)Theydecidetospendtheirholidayatthe_______.4)Heputonahatand________beforehewentout.5)Theyoftenperforminthestreetsforthe_________.6)I’msureyouwillbe__________soon.passers-bywell-knownfirefightersfriendshipseasideovercoat1.Makecompoundwordsafterthemodels.A:passer,well,sea,fire,over,

friend,

B:by,known,side,

fighter,

coat,ship,

Model:part+time=part-time2.Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.派生法Derivation派生法前缀后缀否定前缀其他前缀名词后缀形容词后缀副词后缀动词后缀否定前缀其他前缀加前缀：happy---

___happy

加后缀：

develop---

develop_______既加前缀又加后缀：employ---____employ_______unmentunment派生词（derivation）

1.派生词

注意:前缀一般只改变词义,

不改变词性;后缀一般只改变

词性,不引起词义变化Derivation:

1)前缀:

(1)agree-like-

appear-(2)correct-incorrect,possible-impossible,regular-irregular,(3)happy-unhappy,able-unable,fit-unfit,(4)stop-nonstop,verbal(语言的）-nonverbal(非语言的)(5)write-rewrite,view-review

disagreedislikedisappear2)后缀:

(1)构成名词：

(2)构成形容词:(3)构成动词:(4)构成副词:(5)构成数词:-er,-ese,-ist,-ian,-ment,-tion,-ness,-th.-al,-an,-ful,-ing,-y,-less-fy,-is(z)e:beautify,realize-ly:

badly-teen,-ty,-ththirteen,sixty,twelfth,fifthemployer,Chinese,socialist,musicianagreement,collection,illness,truthnational,American,careful,

exciting,cloudy,useless一、派生法（Derivation）由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀（suffix）构成新词。un-否定前缀dis-in-im-mis-non-

understandpolitesmokeragreefairvisibleIsitdifficultforyoutogetupinthemorning?Doyousometimesoversleep?1.over-:toomuchoverwork,overeatabovesth;acrossovercoat,overheadSomeimportantprefixes:

Thetrainsare____________onFridayevenings.(crowded)overcrowded

Heenlargedhisvocabularybyreadingwidely.2.en-

动词前缀enable,endanger,Readingcan

______ourlife.(rich)enrichSomeimportantsuffixes:-ment,-ion,-ness,-tion,-ful,-able,-less,-en等sharpenapencilstrengthenbrightensharpadj.

sharpenv.__________________strength

_____________

bright3.Writeouttheoriginalwords.unchangeableadj._______dislikev.__________impossibilityn._________unfriendlyadj.__________overworkv.______________misunderstandingn.____________athleticadj.______________misreadv.________translatorn._____________

changelike

possiblefriendwook

understandathletereadtranslateII.构词法专练。给下列单词加上前缀dis-,un-,in-或im-,构成意思相反的词。1.agree_______ 2.complete_________3.healthy_________4.important________5.able_______ 6.cover_________7.known_______ 8.practical_________9.tidy_______ 10.perfect_________11.visible_______ 12.fit_________disagree incompleteunhealthyunimportantunablediscover/uncoverunknownimpracticaluntidyimperfectinvisibleunfitPractice(II):

rain(形容词)________agree(反义)__________nation(形容词)_______farm(人)__________recent(副词)________friend(形容词)________hope(形容词)_______back(形容词)_________visit(名词)__________home(形容词)________eight(序数词)________true(名词)___________America(形容词)_______China(形容词)________按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreighthAmericandisagreefarmerfriendlybackwardshomelesstruthChinese1.Hewasoneofthebest_______inyesterday’sfootballmatch.(play)2.Look!How_______Kateislaughing!(happy)3.Itsnowed_______lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.(heavy)4.Edisonwasagreat________.Duringhislifehehadmany__________.(invent)playershappilyheavilyinventorinventions

构词法精练Usetheappropriateformofthewordstofillintheblanks.5.Moreandmore_________havecometovisitChinaovertheseyears.（foreign）6.Wewant___________reasonsforyourfailuretohelp.(satisfy)7.Pleasegivemesomereferencework.Itwill________mytask.(simple)8.ThedoctorsaidthatMary’smotherneededan_________.(operate)

foreigners

satisfactorysimplifyoperation9.Shehopedthathersonwouldbecomea_________.(music)10.Few________wordsmadeusexcited.(speak)11.Thedaysonthemoongethotterthan________water.(boil)12.Thankyouforyour_________.(kind)13.Manycollegestudentsworkwhiletheyarestudyingbecausetheywanttomakesomemoneyfortheircollege_________.(expensive)14.Mostinternational_________lettersarewritteninEnglish,too.(bu