阅读理解记叙文专题(含答案)

阅读理解记叙文专题（含答案）一、英语阅读理解记叙文(含答案详细解析)1．根据短文内容，判断正误。Iwas15monthsold,ahappyandcarefreekid,untilthedayIfell.Itwasabadfall.Ilandedonapieceofglassthatcutmyeyebadly.Fromthenon,myinjured,sightless,cloudygrayeyelivedonwithme.Sometimespeopleaskedmeembarrassing(使人难堪的)questions.Wheneverkidsplayedgames,Iwasthe"monster".Iwasalwaysimaginingthateveryonelookeddownon(瞧不起)me.Yetmumwouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ibegantodependonthatsaying.Asachild,Ithoughtmummeant,"Becareful，oryouwillfalldownorbumpintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Iusuallylookeddowntohidemyshame.ButIfoundthatwhenIheldmyheaduphigh,peoplelikedme.Inhighschool,Ievenbecametheclasspresident,butinsideIstillfeltlikeamonster.AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallybad,Iwouldcrytomymumandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethebeautythatisinsideinsteadofyourappearance(外貌)."Mymum'slovewasthesunshinethatmademebright.Ihadfacedhardtimes,andlearnednotonlytobeconfident(自信的)butalsotohavedeepcompassion(同情)forothers."Holdyourheaduphigh"hasbeenheardmanytimesinmyhome.Isayittomychildren.Thegiftmymumgavemewillliveon.Thewriterimaginedthateveryonelookeddownonherbecauseofherappearance.Peoplealwaysaskedherembarrassingquestions.Thewriter'smumsaid"Holdyourheaduphigh"tohertomakehermoreconfident.Thewriterunderstoodthesayingverywellasachild.Thewriterislivingwithawarmandbraveheartnow.【答案】(1)1(2)0(3)1(4)0(5)1【解析】【分析】本文讲了作者小时候因眼睛受伤导致外貌变丑而心情低落，在妈妈的帮助之下改变自己并变得自信的故事。细节理解题。根据第二段Wheneverkidsplayedgames,Iwasthe"monster".Iwasalwaysimaginingthateveryonelookeddownonme，可知作者总是想象每个人会因为她的外貌而瞧不起她，故答案为正确。细节理解题。根据第二段Sometimespeopleaskedmeembarrassingquestions,可知有时候人们会问使人难堪的的问题，而always意为总是，故答案为错误。细节理解题。根据最后一段Mymum'slovewasthesunshinethatmademebright.Ihadfacedhardtimes,andlearnednotonlytobeconfidentbutalsotohavedeepcompassionforothers，妈妈的爱是照亮我的阳光，我面对困难，不仅学会了自信而且学会了深切的同情别人，可知妈妈让作者抬头是为了让她更自信，故答案为正确。（4）细节理解题。根据第二段Asachild,Ithoughtmummeant,""Becareful，oryouwillfalldownorbumpintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."小时候，我认为妈妈的意思是：要小心，否则你会摔倒或者碰到什么东西因为你没有在看路，可知作者小时候不理解这句谚语，故答案为错误。（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Holdyourheaduphigh""hasbeenheardmanytimesinmyhome.Isayittomychildren.Thegiftmymumgavemewillliveon，“抬起你的头”这句话在我家听到过很多次，我也跟我的孩子们说，我妈妈给我的礼物将会永存，可知作者现在带着一颗温暖并勇敢的心生活，故答案为正确。【点评】考查阅读理解，注意理解文章大意，根据题目去文章找到对应的信息，进行理解判断。2．阅读理解Everyonefaceschallengesintheirlife,butsomearemoreimportantthanothers.DanielKishhadseriousproblemswithhiseyeswhenhewasborn.Anddoctorstookawaybothofhiseyesbeforehewasfourteenmonthsold.Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Hestartedtomakeclicking（咔嗒）soundswithhistongue（舌头）tohelphimmovearound.Muchlikeabat（蝙蝠），henowmovesaboutusingsonar（声呐）.Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicycleintraffic.Heandhisgroup,WorldAccessfortheBlind,teachothershowtousesonar.InthisinterviewwithNationalGeographic,Kishexplainshowtheprocessworks.Howdoessonarwork?""WhenImakeaclickingsound,itmakessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect（反射）offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthenprocessesthesoundsintoimages（图像）.It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironmentWhenyouclick,whatdoyouseeinyourmind?"Eachclickislikeacameraflash.Imakea3DimageofthethingsaroundmeforhundredsoffeetineverydirectionWhatisitlikeridingabikeusingsonar?"It'sexcitingandenjoyablebutrequiresalotoffocus.Iclickuptotwotimespersecond,muchmorethanIusuallydo."Isitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway?"Muchoftheworldlivesinfearofthingsthatwemostlyimagine.Ihaveahabitofclimbinganythingandeverything,butIneverbrokeabone（骨头）asakid.”Howchallengingisittoteachpeopletousesonar?"Manystudentsaresurprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn'tintheeyes,it'sinthemind."（1）What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?Kishexplainshowsonarworks.B.Kishteachespeoplehowtousesonar.C.Kishstartedtomovearoundusingsonar.D.Kishisgoodatridingabicycleintraffic.（2）Howdoessonarwork?Choosetherightorder.Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.Thebrainmakesimageswiththesounds.Thesoundwavesreachthepersonsears.b-a-c-dB.b-d-a-cC.a-b-d-cD.b-a-d-c（3）WhatcanweknowaboutKishfromthepassage?Healwayschallengeshimselfbravely.Helivesinfearofthingsthatheimagines.Hebecameblindwhenhewas14yearsold.Hebrokehisbonewhenclimbingasachild.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?HowSonarWorks.B.RidingaBikeUsingSonar.C.SeeingwiththeMind.D.HowtheBlindMoveAround.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述一个能面对生活挑战的人DanielKish十四个月打之前由于出生时眼睛有严重问题，双眼都被摘掉了。但是他现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。当问到教人们使用声纳有多困难，许多学生都惊讶于结果来得如此之快。眼见不在眼里，它在心里。（1）段落大意题。由henowmovesaboutusingsonar（声呐）.Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicycleintraffic.Heandhisgroup,WorldAccessfortheBlind,teachothershowtousesonar.InthisinterviewwithNationalGeographic,Kishexplainshowtheprocessworks.可知本段主要说明DanielKish现在开始使用声呐来帮助他四处走动。故选C。（2）细节理解题。由a：WhenImakeaclickingsound,itmakessoundwaves.b：Thesewavesreflectoffsurfacesallaroundandd：returntomyears.c：MybrainthenprocessesthesoundsintoimagesIt'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment。可知正确的顺序b-a-d-c,故选Do（3）推理判断题。由Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Hestartedtomakeclickingsoundswithhistonguetohelphimmovearound.Muchlikeabat,henowmovesaboutusingsonar.Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicycleintraffic.Heandhisgroup,WorldAccessfortheBlind,teachothershowtousesonar.然而，不久之后，他开始做一件了不起的事情。他开始用舌头发出咔哒声来帮助他四处走动。就像蝙蝠一样，他现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。可知他能够开始使用声纳到处走动，并擅长骑自行车同时教会盲人使用声纳。能像正常人一样生活，已经勇敢地战胜了自我。故选Ao（4）标题判断题。由最后段Howchallengingisittoteachpeopletousesonar?"Manystudentsaresurprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn'tintheeyes,it'sinthemind."可知使用声纳不是用眼睛看，而是在用心。只有选项C才能揭示文章的内容，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。3．阅读理解GoodNeighboursMr.andMrs.Marchlivedtogetherwiththeirfourdaughters.Amywasveryshy.Bethlovedbeingathome.Meglookedverypretty.Jowastallandthinandshewasatomboy.Theirhomewasalwaysbusyandfullofnoiseandpeople.NexttothemlivedoldMr.Laurenceandhisgrandson,Laurie.Theylivedinaverylargeandcomfortablehouse.Butitwasahousewithoutlife.Oneday,JoesawLauriestandingatanupstairswindowinhishouseandlookingdownattheirgarden.Jo'ssisterswereplayinginthesnowthere.Theywerethrowingsnowballsandhavingalotoffun.ButLaurie'sfacewasverysad."Poorboy!"Jothought."He'sallalone.Heneedssomefriends."Shecouldn'tstopthinkingabouthim.Shewantedtogoandseehim,buthowcouldshegotothehousewithoutaninvitation?Thenonesnowyafternoon,shesawLaurie'sgrandpagoout.Thisgaveheranidea.Shetookabroomfromthekitchen."Whatareyougoingtodo,Jo?"askedhersisterMeg."Toclearthegardenpath."AnsweredJo.WhenLauriesawJofromthewindow,abigsmilechangedhispale,sadface.Jolaughedandshouted,"Howareyou?Areyouill?"Laurieopenedthewindowandsaid,"I'mbetternow,thankyou.Ihadabadcoldandhadtostayinsideforaweek"."I'msorry,"saidJo."Areyoubored?""Yes,very."hereplied."Don'tyourfriendscometovisityou?""No.ButIdon'twanttoseeanybody.Boysarenoisyandtheygivemeaheadache.""Girlsarequiet.""Idon'tknowanygirls.""Youknowus.""That'strue!Canyoucomeandvisitme?"criedLaurie."I'mnotquiet,butI'dliketocome,"repliedJo."ImustaskMotherfirst."Sheranbackintoherhouse.Afewminuteslater,shereturnedandrangthebellonthedoorofLaurie'shouse.Aservanttookherupstairs."HereIam!"shesaidbrightly."Mothersendsherloveandmysistersgavemethisblancmange（牛奶冻）foryou.""Thatlooksdelicious,"Lauriesaid.HewasveryhappytoseeJo.Jolookedaround.Therewerelotsofbooksontheshelves."Aniceroom!"shesaid."Icanreadtoyouifyoulike.""No,let'stalk,"repliedLaurie."Allright,"saidJo,"Icantalkforhours.MysisterssayIneverknowwhentostop.""Youhavethreesisters—Amy,BethandMeg."Lauriecontinued."Howdoyouknowthis?"Jowassurprised."Youcalleachother'snameswhenyouareinthegarden.SometimesIcanseeyouallaroundthetablewithyourmother.Shehasaverykindface.Ilikelookingather.Ihaven'tgotamother."Jofeltsadwhensheheardthis."Whydon'tyoucomeandvisitus?"shesaid,"Itisn'tgoodforyoutostayinthishouseallthetime.""Thankyou.I'dliketocomeverymuch."SaidLaurie."Weknowallourneighboursexceptyou."Josaid,"I'mgladwe'refriendsnow."Shetoldhimaboutalltheinterestingthingsinherlife.Shesaid,"Besides（除了……之外）plays,Ialsolovebooks."Laurielovedbookstoo,andofferedtoshowherthelibraryinthehouse.Thelibrarywasawonderfulroom.Jolovedit."Wow!"shesaid,"Allthosebooks!"Lauriesaid,"Apersonneedsmorethanbooks."（AdaptedfromLittleWome）n（1）Fromthefirstparagraph,weknow.Jo'sfamilyhadfivemembersJoandLauriewereneighboursLaurieandhisgrandpawerebusyD.thefoursistershadthesamehobby（2）JowantedtovisitLauriebecause.shewantedtovisithislargehouseLaurieinvitedhertoplaywithsnowballsshefelthewaslonelyandneededfriendsLauriewasseriouslyillandneededhercare（3）Whatmightbethecorrectorderofwhathappenedinthestory?JosawLauriestandingatanupstairswindowinhishouse.JoandLauriewerehavingatalkhappilyatLaurie'shome.JowantedtoLaurie'shomeaftertellinghermother.Jocouldn'tstopthinkingaboutLaurie.a—b—c—dB.b—a—c—dC.b—d—a—cD.a—d—c—b（4）WhichwordscanbestdescribeJoandhersisters?KindandfriendlyB.GenerousbutrudeC.QuietandsmartD.Funnybutcarless（5）WhatdoesLauriemeanbysaying"Apersonneedsmorethanbooks."?Peopleneedtostayintheirownhouses.Peopleshouldlearnmuchmorefromthebooks.Peopleneedloveandfriendshipbesidesbooks.Peopleshouldrelaxthemselvesbesidesreading【答案】（1）BTOC\o"1-5"\h\z（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了Jo和她的邻居Laurie的故事，Laurie跟着爷爷生活没有了母亲，又生病了，心情很不越快，一天当Jo看到了他之后心里放不下，就找机会接近了他，了解了情况，然后成为了好朋友。（1）细节理解题，根据Theirhomewasalwaysbusyandfullofnoiseandpeople.NexttothemlivedoldMr.Laurenceandhisgrandson,Laurie.可知Jo跟Laurie是邻居，故答案是B。（2）细节理解题，根据ButLaurie'sfacewasverysad."Poorboy!"Jothought."He'sallalone.Heneedssomefriends."可知Laurie很孤独需要朋友，故答案是C。（3）细节排序题，根据文章内容可知，先是Jo从窗户里看到了Laurie，之后就放心不下，告知父母之后，最后进行了开心的交谈，因此句子的顺序为：a—d—c—b，故答案是D。（4）逻辑推理题，根据"Poorboy!"Jothought."He'sallalone.Heneedssomefriends."Shecouldn'tstopthinkingabouthim.Shewantedtogoandseehim,可知Jo心地善良而友好，根据mysistersgavemethisblancmange（牛奶冻）foryou."可知Jo的姐妹也很友好，故答案是A。（5）句意猜测题，根据Apersonneedsmorethanbooks.可知，人需要的不仅仅是书，根据文章的叙述，他解释了Jo之后他开心了，并成为了朋友，所以除了书之外还需要关爱和友谊，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题、细节排序题、逻辑推理题和句意猜测题。细节理解题很简单，一般可直接在文章中找到答案。细节排序题细节理解题的一种变形，按照文章的叙事顺序进行句子排序，逻辑推理题需要根据一体的推理方式，根据已知条件推出可能的结论。句意猜测题首先要理解句子的表面意思，然后结合语境去思考其深层含义。4．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:Howmanyplasticstraws(吸管)doAmericansuseeveryday?Hequicklylearnedtherewasn'tasimpleanswer.Theboytriedtoworkitouthimself.Throughlotsofresearch,CressfoundoutthatAmericansuseabout500millionstrawseveryday.Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.Cressstartedtheprojectinhishometown-Burlington,Vermont.Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder.Itwasasimplechange.However,itwouldsavemoney.Andbydoingthat,therestaurantwouldcutdownonitsstrawuseby50percent.Fortheyearsthatfollowed,CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates.Moreandmorerestaurantsagreedtojoin.Theystopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone.LastApril,SeattlebecamethefirstAmericancitytocompletelyban(禁止)plasticstraws.Plasticpollutionhasbeenoneofthemostseriousproblemstoday.Accordingtoscientists,morethaneightmilliontonsofplasticendupintheoceaneachyear.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.Afterhisprojectbecamepopular,Cresstookhisfindingsontheroad.Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld.Hewantstoencouragemorepeopletosaynotoplasticstraws."Focusing(聚焦)onstrawsisonesimplestepweallcouldtake,"Cresssays."AnditmakesmefeelthatI,asakid,couldmakeadifference,too."WhendidMiloCressstarttocareabouttheproblemofstraws?A.Tenyearsago.B.Intheyear2011.C.Intheyearthathewas9.CressstartedtheBeStrawFreeprojectinorderto_.getagoodscoreinscienceathisschoolencouragepeopletoreduceplasticwastebecomeafamouspersoninhishometownWhatdidCressaskarestaurantinBurlingtontodo?Stopofferingstrawstoitscustomers.Preventpeoplefromusingstrawstodrink.Countthenumberofstrawsituseseveryday.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterriblebecause_.theyarethemostseriousproblemtodayscientistspaylittleattentiontotheirinfluencetheyhelppeoplegetusedtousingsingle-useplasticsOvertheyears,Cresshas_.spreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStatesaskedSeattletocompletelybanplasticbagscountedtheplasticstrawsintheoceaneveryyearspokentoteensaroundtheworldaboutplasticwasteTOC\o"1-5"\h\z①③B.②③C.①④【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了塑料垃圾对环保的危害，Cress用环保吸管替代塑料吸管。（1）细节题。根据Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:Howmanyplasticstraws（吸管）doAmericansuseeveryday可知9岁的时候，米洛•克里斯开始关心吸管的问题了，故选Co（2）细节题。根据Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.可知为了鼓励减少塑料垃圾，他在2011年创建了无稻草项目，故选Bo（3）纟田节题。根据Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder，可知他要求当地一家餐馆停止为每一份饮料订单提供吸管，故选A。（4）纟田节题。根据Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.可知塑料吸管尤其可怕。它们让人们更容易适应一次性塑料制品，故选C。（5）纟节题。根据CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates和Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld可知这些年来，克雷斯把他的项目推广到了美国，并向全世界的青少年讲述了塑料废料的问题，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及纟节题，纟节题要注意从文中寻找答案。5．阅读理解Howmanyofushavereachedintoourdrawer（扌由屉）andpulledoutsocksthatdidn'tmatch?Willyouthrowthemawaylikemostgirlsortrytoreusethem?ThestoryofCarlyandCharleymayhelpyou.CarlyandCharleyarethegirlswhooftenlosetheirsocks.Atfirst,theyjustmatcheddifferentcolorsorstyleslikesomeothergirls.Butmostofthetime,thesesockscouldn'tmatchtheirclothes.SotheycameupwithanideaandstartedOddSox:theycollectedthesesocksandgavethemawaytohomelesspeople.Buttheproblemwasn'tsolved.Theystillhadmissingsocksuntiltheyrealizedthattheycouldmakeabusinessoutofit.SotheysetupSingleSox:hegirlssell

socksinpacks(包)ofthreesoyoucanmixandmatchasyouwish.Eachpackissupercolorfulandsuperinspiring(激励人心的)—CarlyandCharleyhavewrittenwordsoneverysocktoencouragegirlstocelebratetheirdifferences.Andtheycarryonthetraditionofgivingback—foreverypairofsockssold,theygiveawayapairtothoseinneed.Nothingisawasteifyouhaveacreativemind.CarlyandCharleysetupOddSoxandgaveawaythesocksto.sickchildrenB.disabledwomenC.poorstudentsD.homelesspeopleThewordsonthesocksaretoencouragegirlsttheirdifferences.matchB.shoutC.reachD.celebrateTheunderlinedwords"carryon"inthethirdparagraphprobablymean.continueB.compareC.connectD.controlThecorrectorderofthefollowingis①startedOddSox.③①startedOddSox.③setupSingleSoxA.①③④②④②0③④matcheddifferentsocksD.①③②④C.④①③②D.ThepassageismainlyabouthowtoA.collectdifferentideasbuyallkindsofsocksputthingstogoodusethrowawaythewaste【答案】(1)D(2)D(3)A(4)C(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们中有多少人把手伸进抽屉里拿出了不相配的袜子？你会像大多数女孩一样把它们扔掉还是再利用它们？卡莉和查理的故事也许对你有帮助。短文讲述他们是如何处理袜子的。(1)细节理解题，根据SotheycameupwithanideaandstartedOddSox:theycollectedthesesocksandgavethemawaytohomelesspeople.可知，卡莉和查理把袜子收集起来送给无家可归的人，故答案是Do纟田节理解题，根据CarlyandCharleyhavewrittenwordsoneverysocktoencouragegirlstocelebratetheirdifferences.可知写这些话的原因是为了鼓励女孩子们来庆祝自己的与众不同，故答案是Do词义猜测题，根据theyrealizedthattheycouldmakeabusinessoutofit可知一开始他们通过售出的袜子赚钱，又根据thetraditionofgivingback—foreverypairofsockssold可知还是坚持了卖袜子要回报的传统，所以carryon的意思是坚持，继续的意思，故答案是Ao田节排序题，根据段文内容可知，他们一开始把不同的袜子搭配在一起，然后建立了一个OddSox，再往后建立了独立的Sox,最后把原来的传统坚持了下来，因此正确顺序为4-1-3-2，故答案是C。（5）主旨大意题，根据文章主要讲述了两个孩子，把没有用的袜子重新利用起来的故事，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题、词义猜测题、细节排序题和主旨大意题。细节理解题比较简单，可直接在短文中找到答案，词义猜测题则需要结合具体语境推测出生词的意思，细节排序题也属于细节理解，只是需要我们按照文章内容去排列指定的细节，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，归纳出文章的中心思想。6．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Sallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.Sosheaskedherdadforhelp."Well,"hesaid."Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearchfirstandthencomebacktomewithadesign."Aweeklater,SallybroughthernotesanddrawingstoDad.Shenamedhergo-kart"BlueLightning".Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking."Well,that'sinteresting,"hesaid."Haveatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou'vedesigned."Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggo-kartandpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.Aftershedidthat,SallydrovebacktoDad."Well,"shesaid."NowIknowwhyyouwantedmetohaveatestdrive.""Oh,doyou?"hesaid."Pleaseshare.""WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback,"shesaid."Ithinkit'sbecauseofthelightningbolt（闪电）shape.""Verygood!"Dadsaid."So,whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplace?"Sallyasked.Dadlaughed."Where'sthefuninthat?Ifyougiveamanafish,he'lleatforaday.Butifyouteachamantofish,he'lleatforalifetime."Sallysaid,"Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun!"Dadsmiled."Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodosomethingrightbydoingitafewtimesfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway."ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgo-kart,henoddedwithpride.Finallycametherace.Sallywasn'tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwin—inhermind,shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.（1）Sallythoughtofbuildingago-kartto.A.practicedrivingB.enterforaraceC.playwithfriendsD.dosomeresearch（2）WhatdidSally'sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthego-kart?A.Tohaveatestdrive.B.Totakeagoodrest.Togiveitacoolname.D.Topaintitlightblue.（3）Sally'sstorymainlytellsusthat.A.winningaraceisimportantB.fishingbringsusalotoffunC.drivingexperienceisnecessaryD.learninghappensduringtheprocess【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述在过程中学习，我们通过做某事数次，然后发现错误，最后学会怎样正确地做某事。（1）纟田节题。根据Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace可知她想造卡丁车参加比赛，故选B。（2）纟节题。根据Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.造好卡丁车后，爸爸叫她进行测试驾，故选A。（3）主旨题。文章主要讲述我们通过做某事数次，然后发现错误，最后学会怎样正确地做某事，在过程中学习，故选D。【点评】纟节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。纟节题要从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Nancy'shobbyiscollectingsharpeners（卷笔刀）.Shespendsalotoftimeonitafterschool.Shehasbeencollectingmorethanonehundredsharpeners.Theyarealldifferentincolourandsize.Nancylikessharpenerswithanimalsonthem.Inthisway,shelearnsthenamesofmanyanimals.Shealsoborrowsbooksonanimalsfromherschoollibrary.Shelearnsalotaboutthemfrombooks.SometimesNancyhasmanysharpenersofthesamekind.Shegivesthemtoherfriends.Thentheygiveherotherdifferentsharpenersinreturn.Nancyhasmanye-friendsinmanycountries.Shesendsthemsharpenersofhercountry.Inreturn,theysendhersharpenersoftheircountries.Nancy'sfatheralsogiveshersharpeners.Hebringsthemhomefromhisfriendsforfree.ManyofNancy'sfriendscollectotherthings.Somecollectcoinsandotherscollectmatchboxes（火柴盒）orstamps.ButallofthemsaythatNancy'scollectionisthemostinterestingofall.（1）Nancyspendsalotoftimeonherhobby.A.beforeschoolB.inclassC.afterschoolD.duringherholidays（2）Nancy'ssharpenersaredifferentincolourandsize.A.AllofB.SomeofC.ManyofD.MostofSometimesNancyhasmanysharpenersofthesamekind,she.A.keepsthemB.throwsthemawayC.sellsthemD.givesthemtoherfriendsWhatDON'TNancy'sfriendscollect?A.SharpenersB.CoinsC.MatchboxesandstampsD.BothBandCHowdoesNancycollectsharpeners?WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?Herfriendsgivehersome.Here-friendssendhersome.Herfatherbuyshersome.Herfather'sfriendsgivehersome.【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了Nancy的爱好一一收集卷笔刀。细节理解题。根据第一段中"Shespendsalotoftimeonitafterschool.”可知，南希是在放学后收集卷笔刀的。故选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中"Theyarealldifferentincolorandsize.”可知，南希的所有卷笔刀的颜色和尺寸都是不同的。故选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中"SometimesNancyhasmanysharpenersofthesamekind.Shegivesthemtoherfriends.”可知，她将相同的卷笔刀送给了她的朋友们。故选D。细节理解题。通过最后一段中"Somecollectcoinsandotherscollectmatchboxes(火柴盒)orstamps.”可知，其他人收集硬币，火柴盒和邮票，不收集卷笔刀，故选A。理解归纳题。根据第三、四段可知，南希收集卷笔刀的方式有：和朋友互换；笔友送她；爸爸的朋友送她。文中并未提到爸爸给她买卷笔刀。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。8．阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Oneafternoon,onmywayhome,Isawacaraccident(事故)！Iaskedpeopleforhelp,butnoonestopped.Whenthecardriverandhiswifesawthis,theyquicklyclosedthewindowofthecaranddroveaway."WhatshallIdo?Theoldmanneedshelp,"Ithought.Atthattime,atruckstoppedandthedrivercameout."What'swrongwiththeoldman?WhatcanIdo?"thedriveraskedme."Sir,pleasehelptheoldman.Acarhithimandheisbadlyhurt！"Isaid."well,don'tworry.Letmetakehimtothehospitalfirst,"thedriversaid.Afewminuteslater,thedrivertooktheoldmantothehospitalandIcalledthepolice.ItoldthewholestorytothepoliceandIalsotoldthemthenumberofthecar.Thepolicesaidtome,""Welldone,boy!Leaveittous,Wewillpunish(惩罚)them!"WhenIgothome,itwas7:30.IthoughtIwasgreat.（1）Oneafternoon,acarhit.A.ayoungmanB.aboyC.atruckD.anoldman（2）Whatdidthetruckdriverdo?Hedroveawayquickly.Hestoppedforawhileandthendroveaway.Hetooktheoldmantothehospital.Hecalledthepolice.（3）Whatdidthewriterthinkofhimself?A.Verygood.B.Veryterrible.C.Verynervous.D.Verysurprised.（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?Whenthecardriversawtheaccident,hequicklydroveawayAfteralongtime,thecardrivertooktheoldmantothehospitalThewritertoldthewholestorytothepolice.Thewritergothomeat7:30（5）Whatdoyouthinkofthewriter?Heisabadperson.Heisaniceperson.Heisastrangeperson.Heisahandsomeperson.【答案】（1）DTOC\o"1-5"\h\z（2）C（3）A（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文作者讲述了一场交通事故的情况。（1）细节题。根据pleasehelptheoldman.Acarhithimandheisbadlyhurt!可知一辆轿车撞着一位老人。故选D.（2）细节题。根据well,don'tworry.Letmetakehimtothehospitalfirst,"thedriversaid.可知卡车司机把老人带到医院。故选C。（3）细节题。根据IthoughtIwasgreat.可知，作者认为自己是棒的。故选A。（4）推断题。根据Whenthecardriverandhiswifesawthis,theyquicklyclosedthewindowofthecaranddroveaway.可知A正确；根据well,don'tworry.Letmetakehimtothehospitalfirst,"thetruckdriversaid.可知B错误；根据Itoldthewholestorytothepolice可知C正确；根据WhenIgothome,itwas7:30.可知D正确。故选B。（5）推断题。根据pleasehelptheoldman.Acarhithimandheisbadlyhurt!"Isaid.可知这个男孩是一个善良的人。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推理判断题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；推理题是根据上下文，推断出所需要的信息。二、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析）wish?Me,too.""Timetopickdandelions,Athena,""MumopenedthecardoorandIenteredwitha1.MyhometownisinGreece（希腊），wheredandelionsare2onthemenu.ButIdidn'teatdandelions.WhydidIhaveto3themwithmyfamilyeveryspring?ThenIsaidgoodbyetomynewfriendBrigid,whosefamilyhad4movedinourneighborhoodinNewYork.Iwas5Brigiddidn'taskwhereweweregoing.NobodyinAmericaatedandelions.Ialwaysworriedthat6wouldnoticeuspickingdandelions.We7intoawildfield.Hundredsoflivelyyellowflowersappearedeverywhere.Thenwestoppedourcar.Dadwentovertocutdandelionsandputtheminhisbag.ButIjusthidinthebook.""8dowecatdandelions?""Iasked."Thebestfoodintheworld."Dadanswered,shakingahandfulofgreens.9wewerereadytoleave,wehadenoughdandelions.Onthewayhome,MumandDadtalkedabouthostingadinnerpartyforthenewneighborstotryour10Greekfood.Thenightoftheparty,Brigidarrivedwithherparents.Mumserved11different。Greekfoods.Ourguestsateeverything.Finallycamethedandelions."Wait!"IsaidtoBrigid.Butitwastoo12."Youatethedandelions!"Itoldher.Weboth13,andsheateanotherbite."14,"shesaid.Mumwassmilingatus.Afterdinner.BrigidandIwenttothebackyardandlayonthegrass.Thestarsremindedmeofdandelionsinthesoftfield.Iclosedmyeyesandmadea15:tobeasopen-mindedasmyfamilyandmynewfriend.1.A.bagB.bookC.menuD.flower2.A.everB.neverC.alwaysD.hardly3.A.pickB.plantC.watchD.water4.A.quicklyB.quietlyC.finallyD.recently5.A.sadB.gladC.proudD.disappointed6.A.anyoneB.someoneC.everyoneD.noone7.A.ranB.flewC.droveD.walked8.A.HowB.WhyC.WhenD.Where

9.A.WhenB.SinceC.UnlessD.Although10.A.newB.fastC.expensiveD.traditional11.A.itB.herC.himD.them12.A.lateB.earlyC.luckyD.quick13.A.bowedB.shookC.laughedD.greeted14.A.BecarefulB.NevermindC.NotbadD.You'rewelcome15.9.A.WhenB.SinceC.UnlessD.Although10.A.newB.fastC.expensiveD.traditional11.A.itB.herC.himD.them12.A.lateB.earlyC.luckyD.quick13.A.bowedB.shookC.laughedD.greeted14.A.BecarefulB.NevermindC.NotbadD.You'rewelcome15.A.wishB.reportC.speechD.Suggestion答案】1）A；（2）C；（3）A；4）D；（5）B；（6）B；（7）C；（8）B；（9）A；（10）D；（11）D；（12）A；（13）C；（14）C；（15）A；【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者和家人在纽约田野里采摘蒲公英，并且晚上邀请新邻居吃蒲公英。（1）句意：我带着一个包进入。A.包；B.书；C.菜单；D.花。根据前文可知去摘蒲公英，所以是带着包，故选A。（2）句意：我的家乡在希腊，那里的菜单上总是有蒲公英。A.曾经；B.从不；C.总是；D.几乎不。根据后文可知作者妈妈做了希腊食物——蒲公英，所以希腊菜单上总是有蒲公英，故选C。（3）句意：为什么我每年春天不得不和家人采摘它们？A.采摘；B.种植；C.观看；D.浇水。根据前文可知作者一家人去采摘蒲公英，故选A。（4）句意：然后我和我们的新邻居说再见，他家最近搬到纽约在我们的新街区。A.迅速地；B.安静地；C.最后；D.最近。新邻居是最近搬来的，故选Do（5）句意：我是高兴的不Bigid没问我们去哪。A.难过的；B.高兴的；C.骄傲的；D.失望的。根据后句可知美国人不吃蒲公英，所以作者是高兴的，没人知道我们去摘蒲公英，故选B。（6）句意：我总是担心有人将注意到我们摘蒲公英。A.任何人；B.有人；C.每个人；D.没人。作者担心有人会看见他们摘蒲公英，故选Bo（7）句意：我们开车来到一个田野。A.跑；B.飞；C.开车；D.步行。根据Thenwestoppedourcar.我们停下车，可知是开车去的，故选C。（8）句意：为什么我们吃蒲公英？A.怎样；B.为什么；C.什么时候；D.哪里。根据"Thebestfoodintheworld."Dadanswered可知爸爸回答了作者的提问：为什么吃蒲公英，爸爸说是世界上最好的食物，故选Bo（9）句意：当我们准备离开时，我们有足够的蒲公英。A.当.……时候；B.自从；C.除非；D.尽管。当离开时作者一家摘了足够的蒲公英，故选Ao（10）句意：爸爸妈妈谈论给新邻居举办一个晚餐聚会来尝试我们传统的希腊食物。A.新的；B.快的；C.昂贵的；D.传统的。蒲公英是希腊传统食物，故选Do（11）句意：妈妈提供他们不同的希腊食物。A.它；B.她；C.他；D.他们。根据前句可知Brigid和父母一起来的，所以妈妈款待他们，即them，故选D。（12）句意：但是它是太晚了。A.晚；B.早；C.幸运的；D.迅速的。根据Finallycamethedandelions."Wait!"IsaidtoBrigid.和"Youatethedandelions!"Itoldher.可知作者以为Brigid不喜欢吃蒲公英，阻止Brigid吃，但是Brigid吃了，所以是晚了，故选A。句意：我们都笑了。A.鞠躬;B.摇晃;C.笑;D.问候。根据Mumwassmilingatus.妈妈朝我们笑，可知是我们也笑了，故选Co句意：不差。A.小心；B.不介意；C.不差；D.不客气。Brigid吃了口蒲公英，说蒲公英好吃，不难吃，故选Co(15)句意：我闭上眼睛，许愿。A.祝福，愿望；B.报道；C.演讲；D.建议。根据第一段Haveyoueverblownittomakeawish?可知蒲公英用来许愿，makeawish，许愿，故选A。【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。10．完形填空Wanttobeanastronaut?Then""studyhard,stayhealthyandhaveperseverance（毅力）.""ThisiswhatChinese1FeiJunlongandNieHaishengsaidinHongKongSARlastweek.Fei,NieandleadingengineersofShenzhouVIvisitedHongKongSARfromNovember27to30,2010.Theytalked2primary,secondaryandcollegestudents.Kidswereinterestedintheastronauts'spacelives.Theyaskedquestionslike""Didyousee3fromspace?"FeiandNiesaidtheydidn'tseetheGreatWall.4theyfeltexcitedwhentheypassedoverChina.Youngpeoplewantedtoknowhowtheastronautsdeveloped5careers（职业）.""Howdidyoudecidetobeastronauts6China'sspaceindustry（工业）isstillatthebeginning?"7ayoungwoman.Theastronautssaiditwasbecauseoftheirloveofflightandtheneedofthe8.Theysaidtheirloveofflightcouldbeseenfromtheirchildren'snames.Nie'sdaughter9NieTianxiang,whichmeans"flyinguphigh".Fei'ssoniscalled"FeiDi",whichsoundslike"Feidie",meaning10.1.A.teachersB.astronautsC.workersD.engineers2.A.onB.aboutC.withD.up3.A.theGreatWallB.ChangjiangRiverC.YellowRiverD.Beijing4.A.ThenB.OrC.AndD.But5.A.themB.theyC.theirsD.their6.A.howB.whyC.whatD.when7.A.toldB.spokeC.askedD.answered8.A.moneyB.nationC.familiesD.bodies9.A.callingB.namedC.namesD.isnamed10.A.planeB.spaceshipC.UFOD.flyingplanet【答案】(1)B；(2)C；(3)A；(4)D；(5)D；(6)D；(7)C；(8)B；(9)D；(10)C；【解析】【分析】主要讲了中国航天员费俊龙和聂海胜是怎样成为一名宇航员的。句意：这是中国的宇航员费俊龙和聂海胜上周在香港SAR说的。A.老师；B.宇航员；工人；D.工程师。根据常识可知费俊龙和聂海胜是宇航员，故选B。句意：他们和小学生、中学生和大学生交谈。A.在上面；B.关于；C.和；D.往上。talkwithsb.和某人交谈，固定搭配，故选C。句意：他们问像“你们从太空看见长城了吗"这样的问题。A.长城；B.长江；C.黄河；北京。根据FeiandNiesaidtheydidn'tseetheGreatWall可知问的是长城，故选A。句意：但是当他们经过中国时，他们感到很兴奋。A.然后；B.或者；C.和；D.但是。根据前句FeiandNiesaidtheydidn'tseetheGreatWall.可知费俊龙和聂海胜没有看见长城，但是经过中国时很兴奋，前后句表示转折，故选D。句意：年轻人想知道宇航员怎样发展他们的职业。A.他们，宾格；B.他们，主格；C.他们的，名词性物主代词；D.他们的，形容词修物主代词。形容词修物主代词修饰名词，careers是名词，所以用形容词修物主代词their，故选D。句意：当中国太空行业仍然在开始时，你怎样决定成为宇航员？A.怎样；B.为什么；C.什么；D.当时候。当宇航员工业开始时，怎样决定成为宇航员，故选Do句意：一个年轻人问。A.告诉;B.说;C.问;D.回答。根据前句"Howdidyoudecidetobeastronauts6China'sspaceindustry(工业)isstillatthebeginning?"可知是年轻人问的这个问题，故选Co句意：航员们说这是因为他们热爱飞行和国家的需要。A.金钱；B.国家；C.家人；D.身体。国家需要，所以他们决定成为一名宇航员，故选Bo句意：聂的女儿别叫做聂海胜，意思是"飞得更高”。A.打电话；B.命名；C.名字；D.被叫做。主语daughter是动作name的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是be+动词过去分词，主语daughter是单数，所以be用is，name的过去分词是named，故选D。句意：费的儿子叫"费迪”，听起来像"费迪”，意思是飞碟。A.飞机；B.太空飞船；C.不明飞行物；D.飞行的星球。飞碟就是UFO,故选Co【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。11．阅读短文，掌握其大意，从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(共1小题，每小题10分)Onedayayoungladywasdrivingalongwithherfather.Theymetastrong1,andtheyounglady2herfather."WhatshouldIdo?"Herfathersaid."Keepdriving."Butlater.manycarsbegantopullover(向路边停靠)3thestormwasgettingworseandworse."WhatshouldIdo?"theyoungladyaskedherfatheragain."Keepdriving."herfatherreplied4thesameanswer.Afterdrivingafewmiles,she5thatmoreca