英语语法虚拟语气和非谓语动词教学课件

虛拟语气Subjunctive虚张停虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,是用来表示说话人所说的话不是个事实,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中);二是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气在在条件从句中在条件从句中(叫虚拟条件句),表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以do为例)表示与事实情条件从句的谓语形主句的谓语形式况相反式表示现在情况过去式(dWould/could/might(be常用were)/should(用于第1人称)+动词原形(do表示过去情况过去完成式(had上面4个情态动词+done+navedone表示将来情况|①对过去式did)Wouldcoushould+domight/should③weretodo动词原形(do)虚张停虚拟语气在在条件从句中[例句Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了。与过去事实相反2.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou明天要是天气好的话,我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.假如我是你的话,我会马上走。(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能是你1.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethimHadyoucomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim2.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,IwouldcometoseeyouWereitsunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.3.IfIkneweverything,Iwouldn'tbehereDidIknoweverything,Iwouldn'tbehere虚张停虚拟语气在:在宾语从句中、记住:这些动词后面接的宾语从句:表示愿望(wish),建议(suggest,advice,propose,recommend),要求(demand,request,require,insist,命令(order,command)等。2、除wish外,其它动词用should+do构成,should可以省略。3、wish接宾语从句有三种情况:)现在:用过去式2)过去:用过去完成式(haddone)3)将来:用情态动词(would/could)+do1.Wish现在的宾语过去:过去从句未来×1.Iwishiwereabird.(现在2.Iwishihadntmadesuchamistake.(过去3.WewishourparentswouldntpunishuS.(将来)虚张停虚拟语气在:在宾语从句中[例句]1.Iwishshewouldbeonmyside我希望她能站在我一边2wishIwere30yearsyounger.我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。3.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob我希望你能找到一个好职业4.Hewishedhehadn'tdoneit他想要是他没这样做该多好。5.Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。虚张停虚拟语气在:在宾语从句中4、记住:insist/suggest各有两种意思,要用不同的语气nsist表示“坚决要求”时,用虚拟形式,即should+dnsist表示“坚称,坚持说”时,用陈述语气,表示事实Suggest表示“建议”时,用虚拟形式Suggest表示“表明、暗示”时,用陈述语气。[例句1)Theteachersuggestedthatwe(should)cleantheblackboardafterclass老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。2)Thehalfsmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewashappytohavegivenhislifeforhiscountry.3)Heinsistedthatallofus(should)bethereontimebyanymeans他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。4)Heinsistedthathewasright他坚持说他是对的虚张停虚拟语气在在主语从句中在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strangenatural)that…”中,that后面的从句中的谓语动词用:should+动词原形例句1.It'snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow我们有必要出去散散步。2.It