高中英语Unit1WomenofachievementSectionⅡWarmingUpReading-LanguagePoints课时作业（含解析）新人教版必修4

/08/8/课时作业(二)Unit1WomenofachievementSectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．TheteenagerfromtheUnitedStateswaswidely________(respect)forwhatshehaddone.答案：respected2．__________(inspire)byherexample，many youngpeoplearedeterminedtoworkasastronauts.答案：Inspired3．Manyyoungpeoplewenttothecenterforhappinessand__________(entertain)．答案：entertainment4．ThewomanscientistwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforphysicsforthosegreat__________(achieve)madebyher.答案：achievements5．Atthattime，LinQiaozhiwasoneofthemostfamousmedical__________(special)inChina.答案：specialists6．Itisgenerallybelievedthatthereisa__________(connect)betweensmokingandlungcancer.答案：connection7．InternationalCommitteeoftheRedCrossisoneofthebiggestinternational__________(organize)intheworld.答案：organizations8．Thelittlegirlwaspraisedbyherteacherforhergood__________(behave)．答案：behaviour9.Hislazinessmakesitimpossibleforhim____________(achieve)hisgoal.答案：toachieve10．Theoldmanenteredtheroom__________(support)byhisgrandson.答案：supportedⅡ.阅读理解AVanessaBerlowitz，whostudiedscienceat OxfordUniversity，nowworksasaproducerforBBC.SheBBC.Shehasworkedonmanynaturedocumentaries，includingthe2006BBCprogramPlanetEarth.Forthisseries，shetravelledaroundtheworldtofilmtheworld’sgreatestmountains.Thejobofseriesproducerisverycomplex(复杂的)．ForFrozenPlanet，aseven-partseriesthatexploreswhatlifeislikeontheNorthandSouthPoles，Berlowitzhadtodecidewhenandwheretofilm.Shealsohadtodecidehowtotellthestory.Everyday，shehelpedsetupthecameras，whichcantakehours.Withthecrew(工作人员)，sheoftenspenthoursquietlylookingorwaitingforanimals.Shetalkedaboutthedaythecrewfinallyfoundapolarbearandhercubs(幼崽)．“Amotherpolarbearwashavingahardtimefindingfoodforhercubs.Butthelittlecubswereplaying，whichmadeherhuntdifficult.Iwascryingwithlaughterwhensheputoneofthelittlecubsinaholesoshecouldhunt.Ithought，thisiswhatmothersdo！”Berlowitzisoneofveryfewserieswomen producers.Shehopesmorewomenwillbecomeproducersinthefuture.Shesaid：“Asproducers，youdonothavetobeveryphysicallystrong，butyouhavetobehappytogotoextremeareas.”Berlowitzenjoysseeingnewpartsoftheworldandfilmingthingsmanypeoplehaveneverseenbefore.Butthebestpartofherworkishearing from the people who watch herdocumentaries.“Igotawonderfulemailfromaneleven-year-oldgirlfromIran.Shewassoexcitedthatwomendojobslikemine.Shewantstotryandfollowmyexample.Shewrotemeabeautifulpoem，whichwasaboutthepolarbearfilm.Itmademecrywithjoy，”shesaid.语篇解读本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了女性电视制片人Berlowitz。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutBerlowitz’swork?A．Ittakestimeandpatience.B．Italwaysputsherindanger.C．Itneedstobedoneindependently.D．Ithasnothingtodowithhermajor.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，Berlowitz是自然纪录片的制片人，再根据第二段中的shehelpedsetupthecameras，whichcantakehours和sheoftenspenthoursquietlylookingorwaitingforanimals可知，Berlowitz的工作需要大量的时间和足够的耐心。答案：A2．WhatfeelingdidBerlowitzexpressfromherobservationofbears?A．Pity. B．Worry.C．Fun. D．Pride.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Iwascryingwithlaughter可知，Berlowitz觉得熊妈妈和幼崽的行为很好笑，都笑哭了。答案：C3．WhatdidBerlowitzsaytopossibleproducers?A．Growastrongbody.B．Bepleasedtogototerribleplaces.C．Bepreparedtotravelaroundtheworld.D．Learntodealwithextremeweatherconditions.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的youhavetobehappytogotoextremeareas可知，在Berlowitz看来，想成为一名制片人，需要乐意去世界上一些极端的地区。答案：B4．WhydidBerlowitztalkabouttheIraniangirl?A．Todescribeherhopeforthelittlegirl.B．ToproveFrozenPlanet’shugeinfluence.C．Toexplainshesetagoodexampleforgirlsworldwide.D．Toshowheraudience’spositiveresponsemeansalottoher.解析：推理判断题。最后一段提到来自伊朗的女孩给Berlowitz写的电子邮件是为了说明上一段中的Butthebestpartofherworkishearingfromthe people whowatch herdocumentaries。由此可知，Berlowitz认为观众的肯定和认可对她来说意义非凡。答案：DBDoyoulikedoingexercise?Afterlongexercise，itwouldseemthatpeopleshouldhavemorefoodthanbefore.Butactually，itisnotthecase!Mostpeopleeatlessafterit.Sowhy?MaybewecouldfindanswersfromYoung-HwanJo.Young-HwanJowasascientist.HeworkedattheEinsteinCollegeofMedicineinNewYorkCity.Itoccurredtohimthatheatmightbethereason.“Exerciseincreasesbodytemperature，”heexplained.Joandhisteamstudiedthebrainandfocusedonthebrain’shypothalamus(下丘脑)whichproduceshormones—chemicalsthattravelinbloodtoreachevendistantpartsofthebody.Withinthem，smallgroupsofnervecells，includingthearcuatenucleus(弓状核)，performdifferentfunctions.Itisagroupofcellswhichareimportantincontrollinghunger.Jo’steammadeexperimentswithmice.Theyfoundthatbraincellsinthearcuatenucleusrespondedtoachemicalcalledcapsaicin(辣椒素)．ItpassesthatheatbytheTRPV1receptor(辣椒素受体)，whichcansensetemperature.AndcellsinthearcuatenucleushaveplentyofTRPV1receptors.Jo’steamputsomecapsaicininthearcuatenucleusofmaleandfemalemice.TheyfoundthatwhenitmetwiththeTRPV1receptorsthere，themiceateless.ThenJoandhisworkmatespreventedthesereceptorsinthebrainsofthemiceandtheanimalsatenormally.Theresearchersthentrainedtheanimalstorunfor40minutesatatime，Aftereachexercise，theirbodytemperaturesclimbed.Andthemiceateless.“Peopleknowthatafterexercisetheyarenotwillingtoeat，”Joobserved.“Thiscouldbeoneofthereasons.”Josaidthatwhenitcametotheanswer，TRPV1“couldbejustapart.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了一项研究解释了为什么我们长时间地运动后并不会非常饿。5．Theresearchersfocusedonthebrain’shypothalamusmainlybecause__________.A．theywerefamiliarwithitB．cellsproducedbyitwerethekeytothestudyC．hypothalamuscouldreacheverypartofthebodyD．itsnervecellsperformeddifferentfunctionsinbodies解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Joandhisteamstudiedthebrainandfocusedonthebrain’shypothalamus...whichareimportantincontrollinghunger.”可知，他们研究下丘脑，是因为下丘脑产生的一种细胞是此项研究的关键。 答案：B6．WhathappenedaftertheTRPV1receptorsinthebrainsofthemicewereprevented?A．Themicefeltnoheat.B．Themiceateasmuchasusual.C．Themicecouldsensecapsaicinbetter.D．Themice’sbehaviorswereuncontrolled.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“ThenJoandhisworkmatespreventedthesereceptorsinthebrainsofthemiceandtheanimalsatenormally.”可知，在这种情况下那些老鼠的胃口没有受到影响，和之前吃的一样多。答案：B7．Whatwilltheresearchersmostprobablyconcludefromthestudy?A．Eatingcapsaicincanmakepeoplekeepfit.B．TRPV1isthemainreasonforhavinglessfood.C．Takinglongexercisecanhelppeopleloseweight.D．Bodyheatcausedbyexercisemakespeopleeatless.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“Aftereachexercise，theirbodytemperaturesclimbed.Andthemiceateless.”可知，研究人员最有可能得出的结论是运动所产生的体热导致人们吃的较少。答案：DⅢ.完形填空Mostpeoplethinkthatheroesbeatbadguysand__1__people，butthat’snotwhatmyherodoes.Mymotherismyhero，andshemeanseverythingtome.Mymomisverycaring.Inadditiontome，shetakescareofmygrandfather，whois84yearsold.Hebrokeoneofhis__2__tenyearsago，soheneedsto__3__astickwhenheiswalking.Mymomlooksafterhim__4__.Shetakesmygrandfathertothe__5__andbuyshimsomemedicine.Sheisalwaysthereforhim.Anotherexampleofmymom’scaringisher__6__ ofmylovefordance.Ihavebeenonourschool’s__7__teamforthreeyearsandIknowitcostsalotofmoney，butshehasnevercomplained.Andmymomhashelpedourteamalot.Anotherreasonwhymymomismyheroisthatsheissoloving.She __8__mylittlecousinTony.Atfirst，he__9__withhismomandtwobrothersandwashavingahardtime，__10__mymomdecidedtohelpbydoingthat.Beforethat，hehadbeenfailingtheexamsandgettinginto__11__allthetime.Sincehemovedinwithus，thesituationhasbeen__12__.Hestartedpassingtheexamsanddidgreat.Mymomisnotonlycaringandloving，butsheisalso__13__.Shehastotakecareofthreekids.Mymomdoeseverythingto__14__allofusaredoingwhatweshouldbe.Shealso__15__herstrengthwhenshe__16__fromheartproblemsatage38.Thedoctortoldmymomthatshehadtohaveanoperation.Iwasso__17__whenhearingthisnews，becauseI knewitisso__18__！However，itturnedouttobethatmymomacted __19__andnowthingsarebetter.Theseareallthereasonswhymymomismy__20__.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了妈妈为什么是“我”的英雄。1．A.encourage B．saveC．understand D．educate解析：根据本空前的Mostpeoplethinkthat heroesbeatbadguys可知，大多数人认为英雄打败坏人并救(save)人。答案：B2．A.legs B．armsC．hands D．ears解析：根据本空后的．..astickwhenheiswalking.可知，十年前爷爷的一条腿(leg)骨折了。答案：A3．A.use B．findC．make D．buy解析：上文说爷爷的一条腿骨折了，所以他走路时用(use)一根拐棍。答案：A4．A.carefully B．sadlyC．excitedly D．anxiously解析：根据本空后的Shetakesmygrandfathertothe...andbuyshimsomemedicine.可知，妈妈总是细心地(carefully)照顾爷爷。答案：A5.A．bank B．parkC．cinema D．hospital解析：根据后面的buyshimsomemedicine.可知，妈妈应该是带着爷爷去医院(hospital)。答案：D6．A.plan B．opportunityC．wish D．support解析：根据本空后的．..Andmymomhashelped ourteamalot.可知，妈妈支持(support)“我”对舞蹈的热爱。答案：D7．A.sports B．exerciseC．dance D．training解析：上文说妈妈支持“我”对舞蹈的热爱，此处是说“我”在舞蹈(dance)队学习了三年。答案：C8．A.raised B．believedC．recognized D．protected解析：根据下文中的Sincehemovedinwithus...可知，妈妈抚养(raised)了“我”的堂弟。答案：A9．A.studied B．livedC．played D．worked解析：根据本空后的withhismomandtwobrothersandwashavingahardtime可知，堂弟以前是和他妈妈和两个兄弟一起生活 (lived)。答案：B10．A.but B．becauseC．so D．though解析：根据本空前的havingahardtime可知，他们生活很困难，所以(so)妈妈决定抚养堂弟。答案：C11．A.danger B．bedC．trouble D．fear解析：根据本空前的hehadbeenfailingtheexams可知，堂弟考试不及格，陷入麻烦(trouble)之中。答案：C12．A.crea