专题07语法填空（记叙文说明文）-2023年高考英语真题题源解密（新高考卷）（原题版）

专题07语法填空（记叙文+说明文）（2023·新高考卷I语法填空）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,____36____(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____37____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),____38____toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe____39____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed____40____handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____41____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof____42____(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith____43____touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____44____(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft_____45_____(want)morenexttime.（2023·新高考卷II语法填空）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach…theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe___56___(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand___57___(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish___58___?Notthepandas,eventhough___59___languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto___60___(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive___61___(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis___62___theyneedanEnglishtrainer.So,whataretheylearning?___63___(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop___64___toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I___65___(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.【命题意图】2023年新高考I卷语法填空中华美食小笼包的美妙滋味与制作知识，向世界展示中国美食文化，引导学生传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，增强文化自信和价值观自信，厚植爱国主义情怀，其考查题点最大的变化就是加大了对非谓语动词的考查，淡化了对谓语动词和从属连词的考查。2023年新高考II卷语法填空语篇讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语的经历。作者帮助熊猫饲养员提高英语水平，以便应对来自世界各地的游客和中国饲养员巡视的需求。熊猫饲养员需要运用英语进行医疗培训、媒体采访和国际交流，因此需要英语培训。而熊猫饲养员所学的是描述熊猫生活的基础知识。作者从小就梦想成为一名动物园饲养员，如今通过帮助熊猫饲养员提高英语水平，来间接实现自己的梦想。作者以幽默的语言娓娓道来，将自己的小小梦想与帮助熊猫饲养员提高英语水平相结合，彰显了影响和服务社会的价值。其考查题点最大的变化就是词性转换考查了3道，动词考查共2道，相对减少。【考查要点】2023年新高考I卷语法填空考查要点：有提示词7（非谓语动词4，词性转换2，代词1）;无提示词3（冠词1，并列连词1，介词1）。2023年新高考I卷语法填空考点变化较大，基本上打破了以往的命题规律，重点考查了非谓语动词，包括不定式（疑问词+todo）、不定式的被动式（tobedone）、现在分词（作主语补足语）和过去分词（作定语）的用法，没有涉及对名词的数、动词时态和主谓一致、从句等的考查。这些知识点的考查相对简单，学生比较容易得出答案，而对非谓语动词知识点的考查，可以将非谓语动词的各种形式，结合语态等进行综合设题，难度较大，可以很好地考查学生对语言知识的综合运用能力。2023年新高考II卷语法填空考查要点：有提示词6（谓语动词1，非谓语动词1，词性转换3，名词复数1）;无提示词4（,介词1，冠词1，并列连词1，从属连词1）。II卷谓语动词和非谓语动词的考查共2道，相对减少。词性转换考查了3道，有动词变名词，arrive--arrival;名词变形容词，confidence--confident;形容词变副词，basic--basically。这就要求学生平时学习中多关注构词法。【课标链接】高考英语语法填空旨在考查学生在理解语篇的基础上对语法知识的掌握情况，反映学生对词汇、语法，尤其是句法的运用能力，体现学生的英语语言知识和能力水平。相较于单项选择，语法填空有完整的语篇支撑，语境更为清晰，语用更加明确，考点也更容易把握。考查形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种，比例通常保持在7∶3。有提示词试题包括：词形转换，形容词、副词比较等级的变化，名词单复数的变化，动词的时态、语态及非谓语动词等。无提示词试题包括：冠词、介词、连词、代词，以及一些习惯搭配等。【1】（2022·新高考卷I语法填空）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).___56___(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes___57___sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat___58___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___59___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___60___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,___61___leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate___62___(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and___63___(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve___64___anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies____65____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【2】（2022·新高考卷II语法填空）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.EricBrown,onlythreeyearsold,knockedHenrydownwhenhefell.Theboyisinthehospitalanddoctorssayhe'llbeOK.___37___BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutes___41___screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.Henry___42___(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly___43___(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.Hesavedmy___44___(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”"Ijustdidn'twanttheboytobehurt,"saidHenry.【3】（2021·新高考卷I语法填空）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.____56____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____57____(human)are.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill____58____(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the____59____(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus____60____(astonish).Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit____61____(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure____62____offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour____63____(ache)legs.Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin____64____(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis____65____musttovisit!【4】（2021·新高考卷II语法填空）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe____36____(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,____37____(think)itisfood.Idecidedtodosomething____38____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany____39____usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusingplasticstraws（吸管）.Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompany____40____emaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow____41____(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.Iwasso____42____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto____43____(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompany____44____(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingover_____45_____plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.近三年I卷语法填空考点对比：年份有提示词无提示词谓语动词非谓语动词词性转换代词冠词介词从属连词并列连词202304211101202222201021202112311011近三年II卷语法填空考点对比：年份有提示词无提示词谓语动词非谓语动词词性转换代词名词冠词介词从属连词并列连词202311301111120222221010212021123101011分析近三年的高考试题，可以发现语法填空综合性强，语法点分布广，重难点在于非谓语动词知识点的综合运用。学生平时需要多练习此类综合考查知识点的题目，提升对知识点的综合运用能力。1.熟悉常用的语法规则。英语语法填空考察的是学生的语法知识和应用能力。教师需要让学生熟悉英语中常用的语法规则，如时态、语态、名词、代词和动词的时态等等。通过对这些语法规则的讲解和练习，可以帮助学生更好地掌握应用方法。2.关注上下文语境，尽可能还原原文意思。语法填空涉及到一些句子缺少必要的语言组成部分，因此对上下文语境的理解非常关键。教师可以训练学生通过上下文理解句子的含义，让学生能够根据语境预测正确的答案，同时可以透过语言进行信息补充，更好地还原原文意思。3.培养学生注意细节。语法填空考验的是学生的细节分析能力，许多语法错误在句子中的细节处，教师可以提供练习材料帮助学生熟悉常见的错误类型，引导学生注重细节。【1】（2023届湖南省长沙市明德中学5月高考全仿真模拟英语试卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aleaffellintothewaterandchangedthetasteofit.Henceforth,teawasborn.Chinaisknownasthehomeoftea.Sinceancienttimes,tea____36____(influence)Chineseculture,leavingitspleasantsmellinpoetry,etiquetteandcustoms.Manytealoversenjoyteanotjustforitsflavor,butfor____37____beautyofteaceremonies.Pickingtea____38____(leaf)isanimportantspringactivityintheYangtzeRiverbasininSouthChina.Theearliestbatchofteaisoftenready____39____(pick)beforeQingming,whichisobservedinearlyApril____40____thetemperaturebeginstoriseandrainfallincreases.Thisprecioussmalloutputoftea,widely____41____(seek)afterforitsoutstandingquality,iscalledMingqiantea.EastChina’sZhejiangprovinceisacknowledged____42____amajorproduceroftea.WhiteTeainAnjicountyandWestLakeLongjingTeainHangzhouaretworenownedteasinbothChinaandabroad.Inspring,localhillsidesarefilledwithteaworkers____43____(sow)seedsontheirland.Inthepeakseasons,manytouristsflocktowitnessthebeautifulsceneryofteafarmsfor____44____(they),whileenjoyinga_____45_____(fresh)brewedcupoftea.In2022,traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChinawereinscribedontheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Theleafhastraveledalongwayandcontinuestobloom,eventoday.【2】（2023届山东省威海市高三5月高考模拟考试（二模）英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DidyoueverimaginethatonedaywecouldenjoythebenefitsofTraditionalChineseMedicineinacupofcoffee?TraditionalChineseMedicine,orTCM,is___36___approachusedtohelppeoplere-balancetheirhealthandmind.AtypicalwayofmakingaTCMformula(配方)istogetaprescriptionfroma___37___(license)doctor,shopforallthemedicinalmaterials,andthenbrew(煎)themwithwaterinapot.Thesematerials___38___(say)tohavearestorativeeffectbyre-balancingone’snaturalenergy,orQi,___39___runsthroughseriesofinvisiblemeridians(经脉)throughoutthebody.ButifyouaskyoungergenerationsofChinese,fewvisitTCMshopsnowadays,letalonebrewthesetime-testedremediesfor___40___(they).However,socialmediahasrecentlyseenatypeofcoffee___41___(feature)gojiberryjuicegetpopular.TheconceptofcombiningTCMherbs___42___populardrinkscouldmakeyoungpeopleaccessTCMmoreeasily.ThekeyofTCMis___43___(prevent).Bytryingsuchdrinks,youngpeoplecantakemorecareoftheirhealth,andnipsicknessesinthebud.Mostpeople,attractedinsuchacafebythe”newTCMdrinks“atfirst,wouldalsobeofferedotherTCMproductslikedriedherbsandteas,afterwhichtheystay___44___(learn)moreaboutTCM.AsTraditionalChineseMedicinebecomesmore___45___(access)toyoungpeople,manyareintegratingtheseancientdrinksintotheirdailywellnessroutines.【3】（2023届江苏省苏锡常镇高三5月二模英语试卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Itiswellknownthataero(航空)sportshavebeenpopularintheUS,NewZealandandothercountriesforyears.China’sHainanisfamousforitsnatural____36____(beautiful)ofendlesssea,andgoldenbeaches.____37____awarmclimateandover300sunnydayseachyearalsoprovidefavorableconditionsforaerosportshere.Aerosports,includingitemssuchasskydivingandhotairballooning,____38____(be)inrapidgrowthinChina,andHainanhasseenthecombinationofsuchsportsandtourismthrivingoverrecentyears.Agreatmanyfrequentvisitors____39____China’ssouthernmostislandprovincechoosetoadmireHainan’sfantasticscenerynotjustatthebeach,butalsofromhighabovewiththehelpof____40____(professional)qualifiedskydivingcoaches.Visitorscangivefullexpressiontotheirfeelingsandpersonalities,andliberate____41____(they)fromtheirsometimesboringeverydaylifebyparticipatinginaerosports.Whatisshowninstatisticsis____42____askydivingclubsawarecord-breakingsingle-dayreceptionof166customersduringthisyear’sSpringFestivalholiday.Withthe____43____(rise)popularityofaerosports,aswellasadvantageouspoliciesinbuildingtheHainanFreeTradePort,____44____increasingnumberofpeoplefromhomeandabroadhavesettledinHainan.Theprovince______45______(host)severalnational-levelaerosportseventsinthepastfewyearsandisstrivingtobuildanationalsportstourismdemonstrationzoneby2025.【教学反拨】1.平时做语法训练，题不在多，而在于精，语法训练讲究举一反三，透彻理解一道题，比反复刷题有用。扎实语法知识的基础，进一步关注词法知识和句法知识；2.选材要融入中国元素，在更丰富的语境中理解和运用语法知识，形成以语言运用为导向的“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观。3.要做到“语法扎实(包括纯语法和固定搭配)、派生词熟练、准确理解语境意思”这3个方面。4.打破固定语法填空做题思维结构，比如，动词一定会考察谓语动词，一定会考察从属连词等，这些所谓的“规律”在语法基本功面前都不足一提。尽管锦棉没考察谓语，但是动词的时态还是复习的重点，尤其是时态，看似简单，做题时一定要认真试题，分析句子的结构，找准时间状语一遍精准确定时态。【技巧点拨】1.有提示词填空题的解题技巧此类题考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两类：一是动词的时态、语态、人称和主谓一致，动词的非谓语变化，名词的数，形容词的级别及代词的格等变化;另一类是词的词形变化，即通过派生、转化等构词法生成符合语境和语法的新词。（1）当提示词为动词原形时，一般应考虑动词的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构，如考查谓语动词，就要全面分析句意，综合各种条件，判定谓语动词的时态、语态和人称单复数变化。考查非谓语动词。如果句中已有谓语，且设空处不作并列谓语，应考虑填非谓语动词。根据其在句中的成分，判断其逻辑主语，确定两者的逻辑关系（是主谓关系还是动宾关系），并根据其时间和句法功能做出进一步选择。简单说，即“先语态，后时态，再功能”。例如：Atalk_____（give）tomorrowiswrittenbyProfessorZhang.句中的iswritten是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”做的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——tobegiven。（2）当提示词为名词时，要注意名词的单复数和所有格的变化。例如：Therearemanystudentslivingatschool，andthe____（child）housesareallfarfromschool.由students一词可以判断出横线处应填名词复数，且作houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children's。另外，也要注意将名词变为形容词或动词的情况，比如2020年全国甲卷第69空。例如：The______（beauty）longbranchescoveredwithpink？coloredbuds（蓓蕾）makefantasticdecorations.空格后是被形容词long所修饰的名词branches，根据句意“又美又长的枝条”可知，空格处应该是形容词。故将名词变为形容词beautiful。（3）当提示词为形容词或副词时，考查方向通常有三种：考查其比较等级、考查形容词和副词之间的词性转换和考查形容词或副词的反义词。注意：若考查比较等级时，题中通常会有than、oneof（the）、even、much等与其比较级或最高级连用，或在词后加后缀？或在词前加more/most和less/least，且形容词的最高级前还要加定冠词the。例如：Iam____（tall）thanLiuWen.Heisthetalleststudentinmyclass.此題后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，而只能用表示程度不如的“lesstall”。（4）当提示词是代词时，要注意其各种格之间的形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的人称代词（主格和宾格）、物主代词（形容词性和名词性）和反身代词，另外还有如other/another等不定代词的形式变化。例如：（2020年·全国乙卷）...couldhelpChinadecidewhether_______（it）plansforafuturelunar（月球的）basearepractical.根据文意和语法结构可知，此处it应变为所有格its。例如：（2018年·全国丙卷）...Iwasjustgladtofind_____（they）alive.根据文意和语法要求可知，此处应填宾格them。例如：Thekingdecidedtoseethepainterby____（he）.根据介词by可知，横线处应填反身代词himself。（5）当提示词是数词时，要注意基数词、序数词等形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀？甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。例如：TomythreesonsIleavemyseventeenhorses.Myeldestsonshalltakeahalf;mysecondsonshalltakea____（three）.根据语境可知，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得ahalf，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该分得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。特别提醒：要注意一些表示“整十”的基数词和序数词的拼写。（6）词类转换词类转换多以派生词为主，如形容词、副词、名词、动词间的相互转化。因此，要分析句子结构