高一英语下学期开学考试(江苏专用)【重难点突破】 高一英语必修第三册 单元重难点易错题精练（译林2020）

2022-2023学年高一英语下学期开学考试（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMuseumoftheMovingImage(MMI)(MondayClosed)AsthebestmuseuminNewYorkCityandwithabalanceofhands-on(实际操作的)activitiesandinformation,it’stherarebirdthatcanentertainandeducatepeopleofdifferentages.It’saperfectdestinationforafamilytripofacoupleofhours.Pros-Excellentmoviescreenings.Easysubwayaccess.Cons-Difficulttoreachbycar.NewYorkHallofScience(NYHS)(MondayClosed)BeingNewYorkCity’sonlyhands-onscienceandtechnologycenter,itisaninteractivesciencemuseumtargetingchildren.Ithasthemosthands-onexhibitsinanNYCmuseum,andit’safundestinationforfive-year-oldsandabove.OlderfolksmighttakegreatinterestintheNASArocketsoutsidethemuseum,butdon’tbotherunlessyouhavekidstokeepyoucompany.Pros-Coolinteractivescienceexhibits,therockets.Cons-Hardtoreachbypublictransportation.QueensCountyFarmMuseum(QCFM)(Year-round7daysaweek)ItisanactualfarminNewYorkCityandhometoanimalsyourkidscanfeedandayardfullofaclimbingplantwhosefruitscanbemadeintowine.Goodchancetomeetsheep,goats,pigs,chickensandcows!Theanimalsaremostlyreadilyaccessibletovisitors.Andthemuseumsellsfeedforyounghandswillingtogetlickedbysheepandgoats.Pros-Outdoorfun.Cons-Expensivefestivals,longbusride,nosubway.QueensMuseumofArt(QMA)(MondayandTuesdayClosed)Openedin1972toserveasaculturalcenterfortheborough(行政区),itexhibitsartworksbylocalandinternationalartists.ItsbestexhibitsareonthetwoWorld’sFairs,andofcourse,thePanoramaofNewYorkCity,agiant,highlydetaileddiorama(透视画)ofallfiveNewYorkCityboroughs.Pros-ThePanorama,greatgiftshop.Easysubwayaccess.Cons-Notmuchforkids.WhatdoMMIandNYHShaveincommon?A．Theybothtargetpeopleofdifferentages.B．Theybothfeatureimpressivescienceexhibits.C．Hands-onexperienceisavailableinbothplaces.D．Theyaredifficulttoreachbypublictransportation.2．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．VisitorscanoftenseeararebirdflyingintheskyaboveMMI.B．Thereisonlyonemuseumpeoplecanpayavisittoonanyday.C．ThePanoramaoftheNewYorkCityisactuallyagreatgiftshop.D．KidscanclimbaplanttopickupfruitsandmakewineinQCFM.3．Wherecanyoureadthearticle?A．Fromabrochureforvisitors.B．Fromahistorybook.C．Fromanadforaproject.D．Fromamuseumposter.BWhenmyteenagedsonbecameseriouslyill,terribletimesformyfamilybegan.Ouronce-happyhomebecametenseanddepressed.MyhusbandandIwereexhaustedunderthegreatstressofcaringformyson.Itwasasifweforgothowtocommunicate-wecouldn’thaveasimpleconversationwithoutafighting.Ourmarriagewasonthepointofbreakingup.Oneevening,mysonandIweretalkingaboutgifts.IrecalledmyfirstValentine’spresentfrommyhusband,akazoo.IwasawkwardwhenIreceiveditbecauseIcouldn’tgetittomakeasoundalthoughIamaprofessionalsaxophoneplayer.HoweverhardItried,itjustneverworked.Thekazooeventuallygotpackedawayandforgotten.Butmysonwasinterestedandinsistedonseeingit.Aftersometrouble,Ifoundit.“Youcouldn’tgetasound?What’ssohardaboutit?”myhusbandasked,amazed.Hetookthekazooandblew.Nothinghappened.Surprised,hetriedagain.Stilltherewasnosound.Frustrated,hetriedagain,onlytoproduceafunnysoundlikeanangrybumblebeetrappedinthemouthofabear.Weburstintolaughter.Mysontookaturntoplaythekazoo.Hedidnobetterthanus,causingmorelaughing.Seeinghisfacelightup,wefeltasifthedarknesshadliftedandarayofsunshinewasletin.Itwasthebesttenminutesofthepastcoupleofyears.Themoodstayedlightfortherestoftheevening.Itdidn’tsolveanything.Butthisexperiencewiththekazoobroughtsomechangeinourheartsthatalwaysremindsusthattherearestillthingstolaughatandenjoy,andthatwecanstillconnectasafamily.4．Whataffectedtherelationshipofthecouple?A．Quarrelsbetweenthecoupleovermarriage.B．Differentvaluestheysharedtowardseverything.C．Stressandchaosarisingfromtheirson’sseriousillness.D．Lackofmoneyneededfortheirson’smedicaltreatment.5．Whydidthehusbandblowthekazoopersonally?A．Hehadaloveforplayingthekazoo. B．Hemeanttomakehissondelighted.C．Hewantedtoeaseafeelingofdepression. D．Hedidn’tthinkitthathardtoplaythekazoo.6．Whatistheturningpointofthestory?A．Myfailuretogetthekazootomakeasound.B．Theinvolvementofmyhusbandinplayingthekazoo.C．MymemoryabouttheValentine’spresentfrommyhusband.D．Thefailedbutfunnyplayingofthekazoobymyhusbandandson.7．Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A．Everycloudhasasilverlining. B．Parentsarethebestteachers.C．Musiccancurethehurtsouls. D．Misfortunestestthetruelove.CDoyougotothegymtostrengthenyourbody?Well,youmaybemissingoutontrainingsomevitalmuscles-theonesinvolvedinbreathing.Newresearchshowsthattrainingthesemuscleseachdaycanreducehighbloodpressureandpromotehearthealth.“Themusclesweusetobreatheatrophy,justliketherestofourmuscles,aswegetolder,”explainsDanielCraighead,aphysiologistattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Totestwhathappenswhenthesemusclesaregivenagoodworkout,heandhiscolleaguesenlistedhealthyvolunteersaged18to82totryadailyfive-minutetechniqueusingaresistance-breathingtrainingdevicecalledPowerBreathe.Thedeviceforcesthepatienttousetheirbreathingmusclestopushandpullairthroughit,makingthemstronger.“Wefoundthatdoing30breathsperdayforsixweekslowersbloodpressurebyabout9mmHg(毫米汞柱),”Craigheadsays.Andthosereductionsareaboutwhatcouldbeexpectedwithtraditionalexercise,hesays-suchaswalking,runningorcycling.Theimpactofasustained9mmHgreductionissignificant,saysMichaelJoyner,aphysicianattheMayoClinicwhostudieshowthenervoussystemregulatesbloodpressure.“That’sthetypeofredactionyouseewithabloodpressuredrug”Joynersays.Researchhasshownmanycommonbloodpressuremedicinesleadtoabouta9mmHgreduction.Thereductionsarehigherwhenpeoplecombinemultiple(多种的)medicines,buta10mmHgreductionrelatestoa35%dropintheriskofstrokeanda25%dropintheriskofheartdisease.“Ithinkit’spromising.”Joynersaysabouttheprospectsofintegratingstrengthtrainingforthemusclesusedtobreatheintopreventivecare.Itcouldbebeneficialforpeoplewhoareunabletodotraditionalexercise,hesays,andthesimplicityisappealing,too,givenpeoplecaneasilyusethedeviceathome.However,thetechniqueisnotintendedtoreplaceexercise,hecautions,ortoreplacemedicationforpeoplewhosebloodpressureissohighthatthey’reathighriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke.Instead,Craigheadsays,“itwouldbeagoodadditiveintervention(干预)forpeoplewhoaredoingotherhealthylifestyleapproachesalready.”8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“atrophy”meaninParagraph2?A．Runeasily.B．Agegradually.C．Calmedslightly.D．Relaxfrequently.9．Whichisineffectivetoa9mmHgreductiononbloodpressure?A．Multiplemedicines.B．Breathingtraining.C．Bloodpressuredevices.D．Traditionalexercise.10．What’sJoyner’sattitudetotheprospectsoftrainingthemusclesusedtobreathe?A．Objective.B．Negative.C．Indifferent.D．Supportive.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheRelationshipBetweenTrainingandHeartHealthB．ThePotentialIntegrationofTrainingandMedicinesC．MedicinesWorkinControllingHighBloodPressureD．BreathTrainingHelpstoLowerHighBloodPressureDIfyouhaveahightemperatureorarerecoveringfromasurgery,itisdifficulttobefullyfocusedatwork.Sickdaysaremeanttopreventpeoplefromhurtingthemselves,theirco-workers,orcustomersonthejob.However,workingfromhomehaschangedthislogic.Thework-from-homerevolutionhasraisedthebarforwhatcountsasbeingsick.Attheheightofthepandemic,peopleworkedfromhomeevenwithsomeserioussymptomssuchasfever,shortnessofbreathorsickness.Manystillhaveto.NicholasBloomofStanfordUniversityhasbeentrackingwork-from-homehabitssincebeforetheCovid-19popularizedthem.Inarecentworkingpaper,hepresentstheresultsofarandomizedcontrolledtrialatalargemultinationalcompany,wheresickdaysfellby12%foremployeesworkingfromhomecomparedtothosecominginfulltime.Tobeinbednotdoinganythingmeansdiscomfortbothphysicallyandmentally.Salariedworkers,whoareoftenevaluatedonthebasisoftheirattendance,findithardtocallinsickforafewdaysnowthattheydon’tneedtoworryaboutspreadinggermsintheoffice.Forhigh-achievers,puttinginthehoursisnotachorebutawayoflife.Astheeconomicrecession(萧条)putsfuturejobsecurityintoquestion,showingyourselftobeusefulbecomesevenmoreimportant.Thoughallthisisunderstandable,itisalsotroubling.Beingevenmildlysickcanimpairbrainfunction.Itisdifficulttoexerciseproperjudgmentifonecannotfocusonthetaskathand.ItiswhypeoplewithloweroxygenconcentrationsometimesremoveprotectiveclothesatopMountEverestsomefreezetodeath.Firingoffemailswhilefeelingdizzywillputthebodyunderfurtherstress.Soldieringon(硬挺)maymaketheemployeebothsickerandlessproductiveforlonger.Digitalpresenteeism(超时工作),forthatiswhatsuchpersistingamountsto,isinnoone’sinterest.12．Howhasthework-from-homerevolutionaffectedemployees?A．Ithaspopularizedrelevantstudies.B．Ithasmadeithardertoaskforsickleave.C．Ithasimprovedtheirwell-beingandhealth.D．Ithasheightenedtheirenthusiasmforwork.13．WhatcanwelearnfromthestudyofNicholasBloom?A．Thosewhoworkfulltimetendtogetmoresickleave.B．TheCovid-19haspopularizedwork-from-homehabits.C．Whethertotakeasickornotisarandomchoiceforyou.D．Work-from-homehabitsmostlyhappeninbigcompanies.14．Whatmightbethebiggestconcernforthesalariedworkersonamedicalleave?A．Feelinguncomfortableinbed.B．Bringinggermstotheiroffice.C．Endangeringtheircurrentjobs.D．Failingtobethehigh-achievers.15．Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutnext?A．Theimportanceofstayinghealthy.B．Thefutureofflexibleworkinghabit.C．Thebenefitsofworkingfromhome.D．Theproperattitudetotakingasickleave.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SeventeengovernmentdepartmentsreleasedaguidelineonTuesdaytoboost(提高)thebirthrateacrossthecountry.____16____Allcounties,citiesandprovincesarerequiredtosetupatleastonegovernment-fundedmaternity(产科医院)andchildcareinstitution(机构)toimprovethewelfare(福利)ofpregnantwomenandnewbornbabies.____17____Tailoredcampaignstobuildmorecheapernurseryservices,suchasdaycareandkindergartens,arebeingpromoted.Employers,schools,communitiesandsocialorganizationsareencouragedtoofferchildcareservicesduringthesummerandwintervacations.Workplacesareencouragedtohaveaflexibleworkingsystem.Employerscandiscusswithemployeeswaysofcreatingaflexibleworkingmechanism(机制),suchasawork-from-homesystem,tohelpemployeessolvedifficultiesinchildcare,____18____Thematernityleavesystemisbeingimprovedacrossthecountry,helpingemployeesbalanceworkandfamily,aswellaspromotingfairemploymentandcareerdevelopment.____19____toensurethesafetyofthematernityfund.Unemployedwomencanenjoymaternitymedicalcarebyparticipatinginbasicmedicalinsuranceforurbanandruralresidents.____20____Forexample,citiesareencouragedtoraisetheamountofhousingloanswithlowerinterestratestothosefamilies.A．includingsendingandpickingupchildrenfromschoolsandtakingcareofsickandyoungchildren.B．includinglosingtemperwhiletutoringchildrenwiththeirhomework.C．TheStatewilldrawupamaternityinsurancepaymentpolicyD．Familieswithoutchildrenwillhavestricterrestrictionsonhousepurchases.E．Beneficialhousingpoliciesarebeingofferedtofamilieswithmorechildren.F．Belowaresomeofthespecificmeasures.G．Morelow-costnursingserviceswillalsobeprovided.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfatherneverkeptanythingforemotionalpurposes-exceptonce.IwastheonlyoneinmyfamilywhocaredaboutbaseballandIalways____21____watchingmyheroesatYankeeStadium.Onewinter,Iwrotedownascheduleforthesummerdatesanddreamedeverynight.Tomysurprise,oneeveningIsawmyfather____22____itbeforegoingouttowork.ThefollowingSunday,hetoldme,“Let’sputawaysomemoneyintoa____23____eachweek,andmaybewecangotoYankeeStadiumthissummer.”I____24____washedoutajarand____25____alabel:YANKEESTADIUMFUND,1960.Eachofus____26____tothejarweekly.However,westillhadn’tgonetoagamebecausemyfatherhadtoworkeverySaturday.Sooneday,I____27____himoftheremainingtime,andthenhe____28____me,“Don’tworryandwe’llhaveafreeSaturday.”Onthemorningofthelastgame,Iwaswaitinghopelesslywithno____29____ofmyfatherwhohadbeentoworkwhenhesuddenlyappearedandyelled,“Igottwo____30____!”.Icouldhardly____31____whenwefinallysattogether,fatherandson,watchingmyNewYorkYankees.Isatcheering,butformyfather,allIcouldseeisaface____32____tirednessfromworkingallweek.In1963,myfatherdiedsuddenlywhileworking.Inhisbedroom,Inoticeda____33____ticketinhisyellowishbook,whichread,OctoberI,1960,GeneralAdmission.Myfather,who____34____nothingforemotionalreasons,haddecidedtokeepthis,a(n)____35____ofourafternoontogether.21．A．dreamedof B．passeddown C．triedout D．calledfor22．A．inspiring B．checking C．tearing D．examining23．A．bottle B．jar C．brochure D．package24．A．officially B．patiently C．immediately D．unwillingly25．A．attached B．identified C．created D．protested26．A．referred B．contributed C．donated D．attended27．A．accused B．informed C．inquired D．warned28．A．rescued B．scolded C．comforted D．encouraged29．A．signal B．sign C．reply D．company30．A．images B．riddles C．tickets D．couplets31．A．breathe B．imagine C．stand D．jump32．A．filledwith B．decoratedwith C．equippedwith D．coupledwith33．A．pretty B．plain C．fresh D．faded34．A．brought B．abandoned C．produced D．saved35．A．impression B．gift C．honor D．memory第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PeoplearefreertotravelasChina’stransportsectorhasfine-tuned____36____(measure)tofurthersmoothtransportationandlogisticsfromWednesdaytorespondtothenation’soptimized(优化的)COVID-19containmentmeasures.When____37____comestotravelingacrossregionsandprovinces,passengersarenolongerrequired____38____(present)negativeresultsofnucleicacidtestsorhealthcodesatpublictransportvenues,accordingtoanoptimizedguidelineissuedbytheMinistryofTransportonWednesday.Travelersnowgoingthrough____39____(secure)checkscanscantheiridentitycardtoenterthestations,____40____sameprocedureusedbeforetheepidemic.AtravelerfromTianjintothecapitaltoldBeijingDailythatherBeijinghealthcodereturnedtonormalonWednesday,____41____enabledhertobuyaTianjin-Beijingtrainticket,“Therewerefewerpassengersonboard____42____(compare)withthedaysbeforetheepidemicbutIbelievetheirnumbers____43____(recover)soonasmoreworkandproductionhaveresumedalready,”shesaid.RailwayservicestoBeijingfrommanyplacessuchasZhengzhouofHenanprovinceandHohhotofInnerMongoliaautonomousregionwere____44____(temporary)canceledforfearofhighinfectionrisks,buttheyhaveresumed.Uptonow,nucleicacidtestfacilities____45____(remove)atBeijingFengtairailwaystation.Morerelaxedprotocolshavealsobeenadoptedattransportvenuesacrossthecountry.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假如你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文，请你给他回复一封信，内容包括：1)参加中文学习班，掌握语音语调(四个声调)；2)看中文节目、报纸和杂志，唱中文歌；3)写中文日记；4)背诵经典等。注意：1)词数100左右；2)可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：语调intonation;声调tone;经典作品classicDearTom,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OneparticularThanksgiving,theweatherwassobeautifulthatMomdecidedtohavedinneronourfrontlawn.Dadbuiltalongtable,andMomandIroundedupeverychairinthehouse.Ididtheplacesettingsandmadethecenterpiece—myfavoritejoboftheyear.MyauntarrivedwithUncleGordon.Iwatchedhimwalkfromthestreetupthelawn,tallwithhisblondhairshininginthesun.Anothercarhadpulledupbehindthem,andUncleGordonwaitedforaslimmantojoinhim.Astheywalked,heandGordonchatted.Momcameoutofthehouseandgreetedmyaunt.Then,withasurprisedlook,shesaidhellotoGordonandhisfriend.“Who’sthis?”Gordonsmiledandtoldustheman’sname.“ACanuck(法裔加拿大人)fromToronto,likeme.”“Oh,”Momsaiduncertainly.“Well,welcome.Leslie,getanotherplacesettingandachair.”Sheturnedtothestranger.“Pleasehaveaseat.We’regoingtoeatinabouthalfanhour.”Ithoughtthemanlookedalittlefunny,buthesmiled.“Why,thanks.Thanksalot.”IdidasMomaskedandsetaplaceatthetableforthestranger.IputhimnexttoUncleGordonsothetwofriendscouldrecallhome.Andtheydidalotoftalking.Afterdinner,themanapproachedmymotherwithasmile.“ThankyouforincludingmeinyourThanksgivingdinner,Joyce.Itwasn’tsomethingIwasexpecting.”Momfrowned,alittleconfused.“Ofcourse,”shesaid.“We’regladyoucouldbehere.DoyouhaveThanksgivinginCanada?”“OursisinOctober.Wehaveturkey,though,justlikeyou.”Hesmiled.“ButthisisoneofthebestThanksgivingsI’vehad.IguessAmericansandCanadiansaren’tthatdifferent,eh?”Thenagain,hesaid,“ButIneverexpectedthis.”“Gordon’sfriendseemsnice,”Momsaidtomyauntwhenwewerealoneinthekitchen.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“Gordon’sfriend?”myauntsaid.“He’snotGordon’sfriend.Wedon’tknowhim.”___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Iwas,actually,lostintheneighborhood,”repliedthestranger.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．C

2．B

3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四个博物馆的游览信息。1．细节理解题。根据MuseumoftheMovingImage(MMI)(MondayClosed)中的“AsthebestmuseuminNewYorkCityandwithabalanceofhands-on(实际操作的)activitiesandinformation,(作为纽约市最好的博物馆，它平衡了动手实际操作的活动和信息)”以及NewYorkHallofScience(NYHS)(MondayClosed)中的“BeingNewYorkCity’sonlyhands-onscienceandtechnologycenter,itisaninteractivesciencemuseumtargetingchildren.(作为纽约市唯一的实际操作科技中心，它是一个针对儿童的互动科学博物馆。)”可知，MMI和NYHS的共同点是都可以进行实际操作的。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据QueensCountyFarmMuseum(QCFM)中的“(Year-round7daysaweek)(全年无休，每周7天)”再结合另外三个博物馆的开放时间可知，只有QCFM全年开放，人们在任意一天都能参观，故选B。3．判断推理题。根据文章介绍了四个博物馆的历史，展出内容，以及提供的活动等，吸引读者前去参观这些博物馆，可知，文章应该是出自给游客的小册子。故选A。4．C

5．D

6．D

7．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫因为儿子得了重病变得关系不好，但偶然一次吹奏卡祖笛的经历却给家庭带来了欢笑声。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whenmyteenagedsonbecameseriouslyill,terribletimesformyfamilybegan.Ouronce-happyhomebecametenseanddepressed.MyhusbandandIwereexhaustedunderthegreatstressofcaringformyson.(当我十几岁的儿子得了重病时，我的家庭开始了可怕的时期。我们曾经幸福的家变得紧张和沮丧。我丈夫和我在照顾儿子的巨大压力下筋疲力尽)”可知，儿子大病带来的压力和混乱影响了这对夫妇的关系。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第三段中““Youcouldn’tgetasound?What’ssohardaboutit?”myhusbandasked,amazed.Hetookthekazooandblew.Nothinghappened.Surprised,hetriedagain.(“你不能发出一点声音吗？这有什么难的？”我丈夫惊讶地问。他拿起卡祖笛吹了起来。什么也没有发生。他很惊讶，又试了一次)”可知，丈夫要亲自吹卡祖笛因为他认为吹卡祖笛没那么难。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Frustrated,hetriedagain,onlytoproduceafunnysoundlikeanangrybumblebeetrappedinthemouthofabear.Weburstintolaughter.Mysontookaturntoplaythekazoo.Hedidnobetterthanus,causingmorelaughing.(失望之下，他又试了一次，结果只发出了一种有趣的声音，就像一只愤怒的大黄蜂被困在熊的嘴里一样。我们突然大笑起来。我儿子开始玩卡祖笛。他做得并不比我们好，引起了更多的笑声)”可知，故事的转折点是我丈夫和儿子吹卡祖笛失败了，但很有趣。故选D。7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Butthisexperiencewiththekazoobroughtsomechangeinourheartsthatalwaysremindsusthattherearestillthingstolaughatandenjoy,andthatwecanstillconnectasafamily.(但这次和卡祖笛的经历给我们的内心带来了一些改变，它总是提醒我们，仍然有一些事情可以嘲笑和享受，我们仍然可以作为一个家庭联系在一起)”可知，这个故事主要告诉我们凡事都有好的一面。故选A。8．B

9．C

10．A

11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍通过锻炼呼吸相关的肌肉，也可以像其他身体锻炼和控制药物一样帮助抑制血压的提升。8．词义猜测题。由第二自然段划线单词的后半句“justliketherestofourmuscles,aswegetolder,(随着年龄的增长，就像我们其它的肌肉一样)”可知，与呼吸相关的肌肉也会像身体其他部分肌肉一样会随着人体年龄的增长而逐渐衰老，故可猜测，atrophy为“萎缩，老化”的意思，结合选项B项Agegradually“逐渐老化”，意思一致。故选B项。9．细节理解题。根据第三段““Wefoundthatdoing30breathsperdayforsixweekslowersbloodpressurebyabout9mmHg,”Craigheadsays.Andthosereductionsareaboutwhatcouldbeexpectedwithconventionalexercise,hesays—suchaswalking,runningorcycling.Theimpactofasustained9mmHgreductionissignificant,saysMichaelJoyner,aphysicianattheMayoClinicwhostudieshowthenervoussystemregulatesbloodpressure.“That’sthetypeofreductionyouseewithabloodpressuredrug,”Joynersays.Researchhasshownmanycommonbloodpressuremedicinesleadtoabouta9mmHgreduction.The-reductionsarehigherwhenpeoplecombinemultiplemedicines,buta10mmHgreductionrelatestoa35%dropintheriskofstrokeanda25%dropintheriskofheartdisease.(“我们发现，连续六周每天呼吸30次可以降低血压。9毫米汞柱，”克雷格黑德说。他说，这些减少量与步行、跑步或骑自行车等传统运动的预期结果差不多。梅奥诊所(MayoClinic)研究神经系统如何调节血压的医生迈克尔·乔伊纳(MichaelJoyner)说，持续减少9毫米汞柱的影响是重大的。乔伊纳说：“这就是降压药所能起到的作用。”研究表明，许多常见的降压药可使血压降低约9毫米汞柱。当人们联合使用多种药物时，降幅会更高，但每减少10毫米汞柱，中风风险就会降低35%，心脏病风险会降低25%)”可知，通过锻炼呼吸相关肌肉、常规的身体锻炼以及综合药物的服用都能有助于血压的有效控制和降低，而血压仪无法起到控制血压升高的作用。故选C项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Ithinkit’spromising,”Joynersaysabouttheprospectsofintegratingstrengthtrainingforthemusclesusedtobreatheintopreventivecare.Itcouldbebeneficialforpeoplewhoareunabletodotraditionalexercise,hesays,andthesimplicityisappealing,too,givenpeoplecaneasilyusethedeviceathome.However,thetechniqueisnotintendedtoreplaceexercise,hecautions,ortoreplacemedication—forpeoplewhosebloodpressureissoelevatedthatthey’reathighriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke.(乔伊纳在谈到将用于呼吸的肌肉力量训练纳入预防保健的前景时表示：“我认为这很有前景。”他说，对于那些无法进行传统锻炼的人来说，它可能是有益的，而且它的简单性也很有吸引力，因为人们可以在家里轻松使用这种设备。然而，他警告说，这项技术并不是为了取代锻炼，也不是为了取代药物——对于那些血压过高、心脏病发作或中风风险很高的人来说)”可知，Joyner肯定对于锻炼身体中与呼吸相关的肌肉有助于血压控制和降低的作用，但不能因此替代常规锻炼和药物控制的作用。由此推知，乔伊纳对训练用于呼吸的肌肉的前景持客观的态度。故选A项。11．主旨大意题。本篇文章大意以及第一段中“Newresearchshowsthattrainingthesemuscleseachdaycanreducehighbloodpressureandpromotehearthealth.(新的研究表明，每天训练这些肌肉可以降低高血压，促进心脏健康)”可知，通过阐述专家的试验研究，分析得出通过锻炼与身体中呼吸相关的肌肉，也可以像其他身体锻炼和控制药物一样帮助抑制血压的提升。由此可知，文章最好的标题是“呼吸训练有助于降低高血压”。故选D项。12．B

13．A

14．C

15．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了由于自疫情时代以来越来越盛行的“在家上班”文化，员工发现因病向公司请假越来越难的现象。12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thework-from-homerevolutionhasraisedthebarforwhatcountsasbeingsick.Attheheightofthepandemic,peopleworkedfromhomeevenwithsomeserioussymptomssuchasfever,shortnessofbreathorsickness.Manystillhaveto.(在家工作的革命提高了病假的标准。在疫情最严重的时候，即使出现发烧、呼吸短促或生病等严重症状，人们也会在家工作。许多人仍然不得不这样做)”可知，在家工作使请假更难。故选B项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Inarecentworkingpaper,hepresentstheresultsofarandomizedcontrolledtrialatalargemultinationalcompany,wheresickdaysfellby12%foremployeesworkingfromhomecomparedtothosecominginfulltime.(在最近的一篇工作论文中，他介绍了在一家大型跨国公司进行的随机对照试验的结果。在这家公司，与全职员工相比，在家办公的员工请病假的天数减少了12%)”可知，全勤去办公室上班的员工往往会得到更多的病假。故选A项。14．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Salariedworkers,whoareoftenevaluatedonthebasisoftheirattendance,findithardtocallinsickforafewdaysnowthattheydon’tneedtoworryaboutspreadinggermsintheoffice.(通常以出勤率为考核标准的领薪员工发现，他们很难请几天病假，因为他们不用担心在办公室传播细菌)”以及第四段最后一句“Astheeconomicrecessionputsfuturejobsecurityintoquestion,showingyourselftobeusefulbecomesevenmoreimportant.(随着经济衰退使人们对未来的工作保障产生怀疑，展现自己的有用之处就变得更加重要了)”可推知，对于请病假的员工来说，他们可能最担心此举会危及他们的工作。故选C项。15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Thoughallthisisunderstandable,itisalsotroubling.(尽管这一切都是可以理解的，但也令人不安)”和最后一段最后一句“Digitalpresenteeism(超时工作),forthatiswhatsuchpersistingamountsto,isinnoone’sinterest.(数字化超时工作，不符合任何人的利益，这种坚持办公就相当于超时工作)”可知，作者在批评在家带病工作的弊端，由此可推断，接下来应该是提出解决措施，即如何采取恰当的态度来看待请病假。故选D项。16．F

17．G

18．A

19．C

20．E【导语】这是一篇报道。文章简要介绍了17个政府部门周二发布的提高全国出生率的指导意见。16．根据上文“SeventeengovernmentdepartmentsreleasedaguidelineonTuesdaytoboostthebirthrateacrossthecountry.(17个政府部门周二发布了提高全国出生率的指导意见)”可知，文章接下来要讲具体的指导意见。F项“Belowaresomeofthespecificmeasur.(下面是一些具体的措施)”承接上文，也引出下文的几种具体措施，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。17．根据上文“Allcounties,citiesandprovincesarerequiredtosetupatleastonegovernment-fundedmaternityandchildcareinstitutiontoimprovethewelfare(福利)ofpregnantwomenandnewbornbabies.(所有县、市、省都必须建立至少一个政府资助的妇幼保健机构，以改善孕妇和新生儿的福利)”可知，此处讲了妇幼保健机构为妇幼提供的服务。G项“Morelow-costnursingserviceswillalsobeprovided.(还将提供更多低成本的护理服务。)”承接上文，也是讲妇幼保健机构为妇幼提供的服务，与上文意义一致，且与后文“Tailoredcampaignstobuildmore