四网测答案泛读网络测试lesson

Part lwhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalsebasedonthetext.(Question1-Part2.Foreachblankinthepassage,selectonewordfromthelistofchoicesfollowingthepassage.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Writethecorrespondingletter(forexample,H)intheblank.(Question11)Part3.Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsorstatements.(Question12-强制完成问题问题问题Thehigheryourself-esteem,themorelikelytoremainimmuneto答 错问题问题问题Currentlypraisesareoftengivenwhenitisnot答 错问题问题问题Nobodyhaseverenjoyedtheideaofflatteryuptill答 错问题问题问题Inhierarchicalsocieties,flatterywasconsidereddangerousbecauseitwouldupsetthesocialorder.答 错问题问题问题Theblossomingoftheindividualmademore eforitbecameasocialfashiontopraisetheothers.答 错问题问题问题PragmatismunderliesBenFranklinandDaleCarnegie’sstrategiesofflatteringthe答 错问题问题问题Modernpeopledon’tcareabouthowothersviewthemfortheyarefocusedontheiruniqueality.答 错问题问题问题Flatteriescanunderminetheauthenticityofpraisessowenolongerneedtheminthemodernsociety.答 错问题问题问题Weneedflatterybecausesuchcomplimentscanmakepeoplebehave答 错问题问题问题Sometimeswemustpraisethegivingofpraisebecausethereisalackofpraiserightnow.答 错问题AnewstudyattheHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyrevealedthatflatterydoeswork-eveniftheflatteredknowsthatthe [1]isinsincere:What,however,ofsituationsinwhichthe[2] isclearly"bogus"-inthattherecipientknowsfullywellthat [3]isofferinganinsincerecompliment,presumablydrivenbyanulteriormotive?Instancesofinsincereflatteryaboundinmarketingcontext-suchasthe [4]whooffersprospectivecustomersprofusecomplimentsonhowanexpensiveoutfitmakesthemlook,ormassmailingsinwhichhundredsofconsumersareinformedthattheyarereceivingthemailbecausethey(andtheyalone)possess attributes-suchasanimpeccabledresssense-whichallowsthemtoappreciatethevirtuesoftheservicesorstorebeing[6].Incasessuchasthese,wheretheprospectiveconsumerisawareofaclearulteriormotive [7]thecompliment,bothresearchandintuitionsuggestthatrecipientswilldiscountthe [8]commentsandcorrecttheirotherwisefavorablereactions.Whilein[9] withthispremise,thecurrentinvestigationsuggeststhatdespitesuchcorrection,apositiveimpactofflatterymaystillbeobserved.Specifically,wedrawonrecentsindualattitudestheorytopredictthatevenaftertherecipientconsciouslydiscountan[10]compliment,theoriginalpositivereaction(theimplicitattitude)co-existswith,ratherthanbeingrecedby,thediscountedevaluation(theexplicitattitude).A)I)B)J)C)K)D)L)E)M)F)N)G)H) 问题问题问题Inthebeginningofthepassage,theauthorflattershisreadersbecauseheistryingto 答 A.whypeoplewouldwantnotflatterybutwhywisepeopleareimmunetohowconfidentpeoplearemoresusceptibletoD.howwecanflatterotherseffectivelyandappropria 问题问题问题Allofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribepublicflattery 答 A.问题问题问题Flatterybegan emoreal 答 A.thefrontiertheMiddleC.theRenaissanceD.themodern问题问题问题Intheauthor'sopinion,privateflatteryis 答 A.agoldenB.amutuallyrewardingexchangetheessenceofmoral问题问题问题Smallflatteriesarenowconsiderednecessarybecause 答 A.socialmobility eB.theycanredeempraiseandholdsocietytogethertheyarethesignatureoftheservicethesocialmanlivesintheopinionof问题问题问题Accordingtothepassage,reflexivepraiseofmoviestarsandcelebritiesgivesriseto 答 A.theirtheirpopularityandC.aninflationofpraiseD.theirself-问题问题问题Toleranceandpopularityofflatteryareproductsof 答 A.moralB.theconsumersocietythethe问题问题问题Itcanbeconcludedthattheauthorpleadsfor 答 A.lessexaggerationinB.morealexchangeofflatteriesmorefakesincerityinmoresocialcontrolover问题问题问题Whenyouwanttoflattersomeoneforthestoryhewrites,youareadvisedto 答 A.YouarethebestYournovelputHemingway()toYouarebetterthanIthoughtyouD.Thebeginningofthestoryisabitslow,butexceptforthat,it'sreallygood问题问题问题Thereasonthatpeoplewithmoreconfidencearelessimmunetoflatteryisthat 答 A.arenotshrewhaven'tgotenoughpossesmoreD.thinktheydeservemorepraise问题问题问题Accordingtotheauthor,flatterywasregardedasdangerousintheRenaissancebecausepeopleatthetimebelievedthat 答 A.theywouldgo iftheyflatteredB.flatterywoulddisturbtheexistingsocialhierarchyflatterywasaseriousoffenceagainstonlythoseinpowerhadtherightsto问题问题问题"Andwebelievedhimbecauseitwasapleasingfiction"(ll.47-8).Theword"fiction"probablymeans 答 A.aaC.anuntruestatementD.问题问题问题TheauthorusestheexampleofClintontoshow 答 A.howtheflatteryofthepeopleisexploitedbythatmostpeoplehavedifficultyinjudgingwhatisthehowflatterywilldamagepeople'strustinthepeoplealwaysknowwhoisspeakingthetruthandwhocanbe问题问题问题"Oncesocialmobilitybecameagood,flatterylostitsmoralstigmaandbecamejustanothertoolofsocialadvancement"(ll.53-4).Theexpression"socialmobility"probablymeans 答 A.movingfromonesocialgrouptomovingfromonecetochangingjobsfromtimetoflatteringthosewealthyandpowerful问题问题WhatwastheattitudeoftheAmericanPuritanstoward答 A.TheyhatedflatteryandconsidereditasevilaspeopleintheOldworldTheyweremoredirectinflatteringanddidn'tmindbeingTheybelievedthatflatteryshouldnotbetoodirectandD.Theythoughtflatterywouldbemoreeffectiveifitwasdonesincerely.问题问题问题Accordingtotheauthor, esmoreeffectiveformodernAmericans.Itisbecause 答 A.believethatothers'viewsaremorecorrectthantheirneedotherstodirectthewayoftheirhavebeguntoconsideritasnobletoflatterothersandD.needotherstoconvincethemhowgoodtheyare问题问题问题"Itisthetacticalomissionsofeverydaylifethatmakesocietypossible"(ll.92-3).Theexpression"thetacticalomission"probablyrefersto 答 A.theflatterydirectedattheignoringofotherpeople'sC.notquestioningotherpeople'sself-flatteryD.contestingotherpeople'sdepictionsof问题问题问题Theauthorbelievesthattoomuchundeservingpublicpraisewould 答 A.beaseriousthreattothestabilityofsocietyand B.cheapenthevalueofprivateflatteryandalappreciationmakethelanguagewespeakphonyandmakepeopledistrustthosegreatfigureslikeDarwinandMartinLuther问题问题问题Accordingtotheauthor,tomakeflatterymoreauthentic,wecan 答 A.shareoursecretswithothers,themorethetalkingeneralwhenflatteringflatterpeoplewhentheyarenotD.mixabitofcriticismwithflattery问题问题问题"IfMikeOvitzisavisionarywhatdoesthatmakeCharlesDarwinll21-TheauthormakescomparisonbetweenMikeOvitzandCharlesDarwintoshowthat 答 it'smucheasiertobea inthemodernflatteryhasinfluencedpeople'sevaluationofgreatmenoftheC.publicflatteryhas emuchcheapenedinmodernit'shardtopraisepeopleinanobjectivewayinthemodern问题问题问题Whichofthefollowingfirstrealizedthattheflatteringofthepeopleposedgreatestthreatto答 A.TheancientB.TheancientGreeks.TheAmericanThepeopleoftheRenaissance问题问题问题Accordingtothearticle,flatterybegantoloseitsmoralstigmaand eatoolofsocialadvancement 答 A.intheMiddleB. duringtheinmodernageofservicewhenpuritansarrivedin问题问题问题"Carnegieknewthatonceyoucanfakesincerity,thereisnothingholdingyouback"(ll.62-63).Carnegiebelievesthatifyoucanpretendtobesincere, 答 A.you'llloseyoursenseofwhat'srightandyou'llhavenosenseofmoralstingortherewillbeeffectiveD.there'snothingyoucan'tdo问题问题问题Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutDaleCarnegieis答 A.HewasatypicalAmericansalesman,whoemphasizedtheimportanceofHehighlypraisedtheroughhewnindividualismoftheAmericanC.HisideassignaledagreatchangethattookceinAmericansociety.D.Hislifesymbolizedthecomingofanagecontrolledby"theinvisible问题问题问题"Ourinternalcompasshas efuzzy"(l.74).Our"internalcompass"ismainlytohelpus 答 A.findoutourownvaluesandlifeB.lsincerepraisefromundeservedlistentoothers'opinionsaboutfindouthowgoodotherpeople问题问题问题"I'mtalkingabouttheproliferationofcheesyTVawardshowsforjustabouteveryformofentertainmentTheomnipresenceofworshipstoriesaboutcelebritiesineveryformofmediall82-85).Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningto答 A.问题问题问题"JohnStuartMillsaidthegoldenruleDountoothersasyouwouldhavethemdountoyouistheessenceofutilitarianism"(ll.100-101).Theauthormentionsthegoldenruleandutilitarianismtoindicatethatlikethem, 答 A.alsohasitspracticalpurposesincivilB.isalsoamutuallyrewardingexchangeisextremelyimportantforhumanisdirectedtowardbothothersand问题问题问题TheauthorquotedEnglishnovelistRobertSmith'ssaying"Morepeopleareflatteredintovirtuethanbulliedoutofvice."(ll.108-109)toshowthat 答 A.flatteryiscloselyrelatedtoB.flatterycanhavepositiveeffectexcessivepraisecancausepeoplepreferflatteryto问题问题"ComparisonsareneverodiouslTheword“odious”probably 答 A.D.unpleasant问题问题问题"SatanwasnothinglessthantheArchFlattereraccordingtoMilton.Danteputflatterersintheeighthringof,rightbesidetyrantsandmurderers"(ll.28-30).Theauthorusesthesetwoexamplestoillustratethat 答 A.flatteryusedtohaveabadreputationandwasextremelyflatterywasdangerousandflattererswouldbeseverelyflatterywasregardedasanoffenceagainstGodandaterribleD.thosegreatwritershadaverynegativeopinionaboutflatteryandflatterers问题问题问题Theauthorofthisessaybeginshisarticlewith 答 A.AAnAA问题问题Whatdoesthephrase"haloeffect"line14)indicateinthethird答 A.Confidentpeoplearegoingtoacceptothers'complimentsmoreB.OrdinarypeopleareeasilyhoodwinkedbythosecleverguysinourC.Famouslypeopleareeasilyflatteredforsomequalitiestheydon'tactuallyhave.D.Morepeopleareflatteredbecauseoftheirvirtuesorgreat问题问题Whichstatementisrightintermsofthehistoryof答 A.FlatterywasveryfavorableinEuropeancountriesintheMiddleB.Flatterywas edthroughouttheworldduringtheC.Flatterywasascommonintheanimalworldasinsomehumancivilizations.D.BothancientEgyptiansandancientGreeksheldpositiveopinionsto问题问题WhatdoesBenFranklin'sadviceingratiateyourselfthroughlittlefavorline57)答 A.TopraiseyourselfbygivingotherpeoplesmallTopraiseyourselfbyofferingsmallhelptoToflatterotherpeoplebygivingyourselfsmallD.Toflatterotherpeoplebygivingthemsmallfavors.问题问题问题Accordingtothetext,whatisthedifferencebetween"theroughhewnindividualismofthefrontier"andthe"have-a-nice-dayperkinessoftheserviceeconomy"?答 A.theformershowsopenwarmth;thelatterembodiesinvisibleB.theformershowsunexpressedkindness;thelatterembodiessuperficialgladness.Theformershowsmodernality;thelatterindicatespastTheformershowsnointereststoothers;thelatterindicatesgreat问题问题Theauthorbelievesthattoomuchundeservingpublicpraisehas"underminedtheauthenticityofprivatepraise."Whatdoeshesayasthesolutiontotheproblem?答 A.Wemustmakethelanguagewesp