2022-2023学年江西省南昌市部分学校高二（下）期末英语试卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江西省南昌市部分学校高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Manyfruittreesandbushesareverysimpletoplantusingnoequipmentexceptsomepottingsoilandaheatingequipment.Infact，youcangetahandfulofcuttingsforfreefromafriendduringpruning（修剪）seasonandendupwithawholehomemadefruitfarm.

Grapes

TheyarethefirsteasyspeciesonmylistbecausetheywillgrowinmostpartsoftheUSandareeasytorootfromhardwoodcuttings.Hardwoodcuttingsarepiecesofone-year-oldwoodtakeninthelatewinterbeforethebudsstarttogrow.

Figs

Theyarejusteasytoroot，butIputthemsecondonmylistbecausenorthernerswillhaveahardtimekeepingtheplantsalive.Ifyoulivepartywaynorth，youcangrowfigsaslongasyouchooseacold-hardyvariety.

Rabbiteyeblueberries

Theyareanexampleofanotherkindofself-rootingplant.Afterafewyears，itwillbegintosendupsuckersfromnearthebase.Thesuckersthatareatleastafewinchesawayfromtheparentplantwillgenerallygrowrootsayearafteremerging，atwhichpointyoucandigdownuntilyou'vefoundseveralroots.

Gooseberries

Theyaresimplebecausetheyjustaboutrootthemselves.Ifyouallow（orforce）onebranchtogrowalongtheground，thencoverpartofthebranchwithrichsoil，rootswillgrowontheunderwaterpart.Cuttheirstemsoffnextyearandyou'llhaveoneormoregooseberryplantstosetoutelsewhere.1.Whatmakesgrapesthefirsteasyspeciesontheauthor'slist？______A.Theirhighproduction.

B.Theirdeliciousandspecialtaste.

C.Theirgreateconomicvalue.

D.Theirstrongadaptabilitytogrow.2.Whenwillyougetnewgooseberryplants？______A.Aftergrowingalongtheground.

B.Beforecoveringpartofthebranch.

C.Aftercuttingtheirstemsthenextyear.

D.Beforerootsgrowontheunderwaterpart.3.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？______A.Science. B.Gardening. C.Fashion. D.Entertainment.BIntheheartofTexas，"BeeCzar"WalterSchumacherissavingtheworld—onehive（蜂群）atatime.Andhedoesitwithoutwearingaprotectivebeesuit.Whatishistechnique？He"communicates"withthebeestoavoidbeingbitten.WalterandhisteamattheAmericanHoneyBeeProtectionAgencyrescuehivesfromplacesthatareunwanted—insidethewallsofahouseor30feetupinaneighborhoodtree，andrelocatethehiveswherethebeescangrowandpollinate（授粉）inpeace.

AccordingtoWalter，everythirdbiteoffoodweeatwaspollinatedbybees；withoutthem，lifewouldceaseexisting.Butsavingbeescostsmoney，sotheyhavegottosellhoneytomakemoney.

Walter'sbusinessoncewasboomingwith﹩200，000inyearlysales.Butafterlosingeverythinginthepastthreeyears，Walterwantstorebuildhishoneybusinesssothathecanaffordtorescueunwantedhives.WithhisoldestsonWillandasmallbutdedicatedteam，Walterhasaplantotransformtheiroldfamilyfarmintotheirnewheadquarters，tosavemorebeesandsellmorehoney.

Savingbeesisabigaffair.Willrunsthebusiness，tryingtokeephisdadorganized；WalterteacheshisyoungersonsBodhiandOdintheskillsofkeepingbees，andWill'swifeMeredithisexperiencingherfirstbeerescue.WalteralsoinvitesbeetechnicianJonathanwhoseeksinnercalmbyrescuingbeesandscaffolding（脚手架）proSandy，whocanreachangrybeesinplacesladderscan'tanddreamsoftalkingtobeesherself.Walterbringsaudiencesintothehivewhenhetrainsbeekeeperstosafelyhandlemillionsofbees.Willplanstosignbigcontractssellinghoneytobusinesseslikerestaurantsandsupermarkets，meanwhileundertakingdangeroushiverescues.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWalter'sworkofrescuingbees？______A.Interesting. B.Tough. C.Tiring. D.Simple.5.WhatdoesWalterthinkofbees？______A.Theyareimportanttous. B.Theyarenotindanger.

C.Theycan'tgrowinpeace. D.Theycanbitemanypeople.6.WhatisWalter'spresentplan？______A.Tofindmorehives. B.Torebuildhisbusiness.

C.Toexpandhisteam. D.Totrainmorebeeraisers.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout？______A.WhyWalterstartedthebigaffair.

B.WhetherWalterstickstohisbusiness.

C.WhatWalter'sfamilydotosavebees.

D.HowWalterteacheshissonstokeepbees.CMapreading，growingfruitandvegetableandbasiccarservicearealsomorecommonskillsamongthebabyboomergeneration.Butaccordingtoanewsurvey，justoneinthree18-to25-year-oldsareabletodobasicDIY，comparedtotwo-thirdsofthoseaged58andover.

SarahClarke-Kuehn，ChiefOperatingOfficer-Commercial，said，"Thesurveyfindingsaresointerestingastheyhighlightaverycommonincorrectconceptionrelatedto'gettingold'."

Whenaskedatwhatagetheythoughtdevelopingnewskillsbecomes"difficult"，GenZrespondentssaidtheywere35yearsold，whilethoseagedover58believedthisnumberwas63yearsold.Thebeliefisthatthereisaboundarybetweenlearningnewskillsandgettingasenseofachievement.Butweknowthatthisisjustnotthecase.Thebenefitsincontinuingtoenjoylife，aswellasdevelopingnewtalentsareverysignificant—bothphysicallyandmentallyaswegrowolder.

Neuroscientistandauthor，DrJuliaJones，said，"Weunderestimateourbrain'sabilitytocontinuelearning.Ourbrainisthemostcomplexandprecisestructureintheknownuniversebutweonlyuseasmallpartofitstruepotentialthroughoutourlifetimes.Toboostcontinuedbrainhealth，weshouldlearncomplexandnovelskillsatallages.Thisbecomesmoreimportantasweage，becausetheselearningexperienceshelptobuildnewconnectionsbetweenneurons（神经细胞）thatmaintainintelligenceandreducetheriskoffuturebraindecline."

"Learninglanguagesandmusicalinstrumentsarebelievedtobeeffectiveatboostingneuroplasticity（神经可塑性）duetotheircomplexnature，butalllearningisbeneficialandcanbringasenseofachievement，purposeandsocialengagement."

DrJonesadded，"Findanewhobbyandthrowyourselfintoawonderfullearningexperienceorpickupanoldpastimeandimprovethoseskills.I'mcurrentlylearningtoplaytheguitarandit'sopenedupawholenewworldofmusicandfun."8.Whatismentionedabouttheyounggenerationinthetext？______A.TheyloseinterestinDIY.

B.Theyhavenoideainplants.

C.Manyofthemlacksomebasicskills.

D.Manyofthemownpoorreadingskills.9.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinparagraph3？______A.Learningbringsasenseofbelonging.

B.Itisnecessarytoshowoffone'stalents.

C.Itisnevertoolatetolearninone'slife.

D.Thebenefitsoflifelonglearningaretemporary.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Theprocessofprotectingthebrainfromrisk.

B.Thereasonsfortakingfulladvantageofthebrain.

C.Thedifficultiesinimprovingtheabilityofthebrain.

D.Thesignificanceofknowingthestructureofthebrain.11.WhatisDrJones'attitudetolearningmusicalinstruments？______A.Favorable. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.DBiologistswhostudyevolution（进化）havealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsthatdevelopedonislands.Insomesituations，animalsonislandschangedovertimeandcametolookverydifferentfromthesamespeciesthatlivedonthemainland.

TheexpertspointtoanimalssuchasthedwarfelephantthatoncelivedontheMediterraneanislandofCyprus.Theanimalisnowextinct.Whenitlived，however，itwasonlythesizeofasmallhorse.ElephantsthatlivetodayinAfricaandAsiaaremuchlargerthanthat.IntheWestIndies，researchersfoundagiantrodent（啮齿动物）thatlookedlikearat.However，itwasaboutthesamesizeasanAmericanblackbear.Ratsare，ofcourse，manytimessmallerthanbears.

Evolutionaryexpertscametocallthisphenomenon"islandeffect".Theyusedthistermtodescribethefactthatanimalswhonormallyhavesmallbodies"upsize"onanisland，whiletheoppositeistrueforanimalswhousuallyhavelargebodies.

The"islandeffect"producesstrange-sizedanimalsbecauselargeanimalsrequiremorefoodthansmallanimals.Onanisland，thereisalimitedamountoffood.Asaresult，largeranimalsbecomesmallerovergenerationsinordertosurvivewithlowerfoodintake.Forsmallanimals，thereisnotasmuchriskfrompredators（捕食性动物）onanisland，sotheyoftengrowlarger.

Recently，researchersreleasedtheirfindingsabout1，231existinganimalsand350extinctonesthatrepresent23millionyearsoflife.Theyfoundthatanimalsonislandsweremoreatriskofextinctioncomparedtotheirrelativesonthemainland.Thearrivalofhumansettlersincreasedtheextinctionriskforthesestrangeanimals.

RobertoRozzi，apaleoecologistatMartinLutherUniversityHalle-WittenberginGermanysaidthattheextinctionlinehasbecomeevensharperinrecentdecades.

Theresearcherscalltheislands"biodiversityhotspots".Eventhoughtheyonlymakeup7%oftheEarth'slandmass，theyaccountfor20%ofthelandspecies.12.Whyaretheanimalsintroducedinparagraph2？______A.Tocomparethetwospecies.

B.Toshowtwokindsofrareanimals.

C.Toleadinthe"islandeffect".

D.Tostressthechangeofsurroundings.13.Whatdoes"theopposite"refertoinparagraph3？______A.Animalsofnormalsmallbodies"upsize"onanisland.

B.Animalsofnormallargesizehavesmallbodiesonanisland.

C.Animalsofnormalsmallbodies"downsize"onanisland.

D.Animalsofnormallargesizehavelargerbodiesonanisland.14.Whichofthefollowingdoesthe"islandeffect"agreewith？______A.Somethingsneverchange.

B.Thegainoutweighstheloss.

C.Humansliveinharmonywithnature.

D.Thefittestanimalssurviveinnaturalselection.15.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext？______A.TheHistoryofUniqueIslandAnimals

B.TheBenefitsofSavingIslandAnimals

C.UniqueIslandAnimalsatGreaterChanges

D.BiologicalDiversityThreatenedbyHumans二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

TipsforRunningintheMorningTherearesomanygreatreasonstoruninthemorning.（1）______.Thisisnottosuggestthatgettingintothehabitiseasy，especiallyifyou'renotamorningperson.Buttherearewaystoeaseyouintotheroutineandinwaysyoumayevenenjoy.

◆Teachyourselfgoodsleephabits

Buildingamorningrunninghabitstartswithagoodnight'ssleep.AccordingtotheAmericanSleepAssociation，youcantrainyourselftosleepatanearlierhourifyou：

Plantogotosleepatthesametimeeverynight.

AvoidTV，reading，orelectronicdevicesanhourbeforebedtime.

（2）______.

Haveanightlyroutine，suchasawarmbathorlisteningtocalmingmusic.

◆（3）______

It'shardtoblowoffarunwhenyou'realreadydressedforit.Ifyoureallywanttogetajumpstartandfindmotivationassoonasyouopenyoureyes，simplywearyourrunningclothestobed.

Putyouralarmclockoutofreach

Whenyouralarmclockgoesoffearlyinthemorning，youmaywanttogetacoupleofmoreminutes'sleep.Ifyou'restrugglingtogetup，placethealarmclockacrosstheroomsothatyouhavetogetoutofbedtoturnitoff.（4）______.

◆Eatsmart

（5）______.Afteralongnight'ssleep，youhavelittletodrawuponinthewayofenergy.Ifyouheadoutthedoorhavingeatennothingatall，youwilllikelyexperiencetiredness，musclepain，shortnessofbreath，andweakness.Worstyet，youmayconvinceyourselfthatyou're"notmadeformorningruns"，when，infact，you'renotfeedingyourselfproperly.

A.Sleepinyourrunningclothes

B.Thenyouarelesslikelytofallbackasleep

C.Itisnevergoodtorunonanemptystomach

D.Itisveryimportanttokeepfitandstayhealthy

E.Avoidsufferingfromhealthproblemsindailylife

F.Avoidcoffeeoralcoholthreehoursbeforebedtime

G.It'sagreatwaytowakeupandwatchtheworldawakenwithyou16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Thesmallcollege，McPhersonCollegeinKansas，offersitsstudentsthechancetoworkwitholdcarsthatmightonedaysellfornearly﹩1million.Ithasastudy（1）______inautomotiverestoration，teachingstudentswhoare（2）______inrepairingcarsalittlebitofengineering，history，business，communicationandart.Itistheonlyoneinthecountrywithafour-yearbachelor's（3）______inautomotiverestoration.

Theprogram（4）______in1976whenalocalbusinessmangavetheschoolpartofhisclassiccar（5）______.Atthetime，hecouldnotfindpeoplewhocouldworkonoldcars.

In1988，thecollegeconsidered（6）______theprogramduetolackoffunds.ButAmericancomedianJayLeno，whoownedmanyclassiccars，（7）______theirmindwhenhegavesome（8）______totheprogram.

Forthelastsixyears，McPhersonCollege'sstudentshavebeen（9）______a1953oldcar.Theyarehopingto（10）______thecarnextsummerinthefamousPebbleBeachConcoursd'Elegancecarshow.

MichaelSchneider，thepresidentofMcPhersonCollege，said，"There'sanentire（11）______aroundtheclassiccar，andatthe（12）______ofthatindustryisMcPhersonCollege."

Atatimewhenothercollegesare（13）______forstudents，McPhersonCollegenowhas18%morestudentstodaythanfiveyearsago.

Henotedtherestorationprogram（14）______studentstothecollege，butsometimestheydecidetodo（15）______elsewhentheygetthere.21.

A.trend B.plan C.room D.program22.

A.concerned B.experienced C.interested D.engaged23.

A.life B.degree C.ability D.process24.

A.started B.maintained C.destroyed D.existed25.

A.market B.business C.collection D.museum26.

A.expanding B.rebuilding C.dropping D.establishing27.

A.improved B.changed C.madeup D.stuckto28.

A.money B.advice C.praise D.information29.

A.studying B.approaching C.driving D.restoring30.

A.repair B.enter C.design D.complete31.

A.resource B.culture C.community D.industry32.

A.center B.history C.bottom D.edge33.

A.applying B.struggling C.waiting D.preparing34.

A.makes B.employs C.permits D.brings35.

A.nothing B.everything C.something D.anything四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

"Onlyabout366iconicNorthAtlanticrightwhalesareleft，"expertssay，（1）______（represent）ashocking8%declineinasingleyearandthelowestnumberinabout20yearsforthis（2）______（critical）endangeredspecies.Humaninfluences—gettingstuckinfishingnetsandcrashingintoships—remainthebiggestthreatstothe（3）______（survive）ofthisspeciesacrosseasternCanadaandtheUnitedStates.

NorthAtlanticrightwhaleshavebeendecreasingsince2011whenthespecies'estimatednumberwasabout481.Inthepast10years，thespecies（4）______（drop）by30%.Recentresearchshowsthatthesethreatsareinfluencingtheiroverallhealth，leavingthemlessenergytodevote（5）______growthandreproduction.Researchersestimatetherearefewerthan100breeding（6）______（female）aliveandmorethan86%of（7）______（identify）whaleshavebeenstuckatleastonceintheirlifetime.

Thereisstillhope：In2021，scientiststracked18mother-calfpairs，（8）______numberthatiscauseforoptimism—thoughstillwellbelowtheannualaverageof23pairsfromthepreviousdecade.

"It'sgoingtobe（9）______（challenge），buteveryoneinvolvedinrightwhalesconservationishopefulthatwecancreateanenvironmentin（10）______rightwhalescanbounceback，"saidChrisJohnson，thegloballeadforWWFProtectingWhalesandDolphinsInitiative.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.你校英文报YourVoice栏目以主题为"Learninganewskill"向中学生征稿。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

（1）介绍你学到的新技能；

（2）谈谈你的学习体会。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Learninganewskill

_______38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Collettewasbornin1990withDownsyndrome（唐氏综合征）.Hermother，Rosemary，promisedtonevertreatherdaughterdifferentlyorstopherpursuingdreams.Rosemaryalwayssupportedherdaughter'sambitiouspursuits."Ineverfeeltheneedtotellhershe'sdifferent.Tome，itisjustalabel，andweallhavestrengthsandweaknesses，"explainedRosemary.Despitebeingtreatednodifferentlyathome，RosemarycouldnotcontrolhowotherswouldregardColletteintheoutsideworld.Inhighschool，Colletteenduredyearsoflonelinessanddidn'thavemanyfriends.Shefoundcomfortandasenseofachievementinherfavoritehobby，baking.

AftergraduatingfromClemsonUniversity，atage26，Colletteconfidentlywentoutintothejobmarket.Shehadfinishedthethree-yearprogramayearearlyandpostedgoodgrades.Despiteherexcellentacademicrecords，severalpotentialemployersrejectedher，sayingshewasn't"agoodfit".ItwastoosadandhardforCollettetoface.Somepeoplesawherasalabeledindividualwithdisabilitiesandtheywouldnotgiveherachance.Colletterecalledofherdisappointingjobsearch，"Tome，itfeltliketheydidn'tlikemeatallbecauseofwhoIam.Noonewouldhireme，soIdecidedtoopenmyownbusiness."Collettestartedtotakemattersintoherownhandsbyfocusingonherstrengthsandherpassionsforbaking.

Colletteusedrejectionasfueltobuildherbakingbusiness.Withnobusinessexperience，butinspiredbyherencouragingfamily，shestartedherowncookiebusiness.RosemaryhelpedguideColletteintheopeningofherfirstbusiness.WithCollette'sdrivecombinedwiththesupportoffamily，friendsandthecommunity，thebusinessmetwithagoodstart.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Collettewasdeterminedtomakeasuccessofhernewbusiness.

______

Oneday，Collettewasinterviewedbyareporter.

______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、C、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Grapes部分They

are

the

first

easy

species

on

my

list

because

they

will

grow

in

most

parts

of

the

US

and

are

easy

to

root

from

hardwood

cuttings.（它们是我名单上第一个容易种植的物种，因为它们可以在美国大部分地区生长，而且很容易从硬木插枝上生根。）可知葡萄成为作者名单上第一个简单的物种是因为它们的生长适应性强。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据Gooseberries部分Cut

their

stems

off

next

year

and

you'll

have

one

or

more

gooseberry

plants

to

set

out

elsewhere.（明年砍掉它们的茎，你就会有一株或多株醋栗植株在别处生长。）可知第二年剪掉茎后就会种新的醋栗树。故选C。

（3）文章出处题。阅读全文以及根据第一段Many

fruit

trees

and

bushes

are

very

simple

to

plant

using

no

equipment

except

some

potting

soil

and

a

heating

equipment.In

fact，you

can

get

a

handful

of

cuttings

for

free

from

a

friend

during

pruning（修剪）

season

and

end

up

with

a

whole

homemade

fruit

farm.（许多果树和灌木的种植非常简单，除了一些盆栽土壤和加热设备外，不需要任何设备。事实上，你可以在修剪季节从朋友那里免费得到一把插枝，这样你就拥有了一个完整的自制果园。）可知这篇文章主要介绍了一些简单的果树和灌木的种植方法。作者提到，只需要一些盆土和加热设备，就可以种植许多果树和灌木。在修剪季节，你可以从朋友那里免费得到一些插条，最终拥有一个自制的果园。文章列举了几种容易生根的植物，包括葡萄、无花果、兔眼蓝莓和醋栗。这些植物大多数都能自己生根，种植起来非常简单。所以会出现在报纸的园艺版块。故选B。

这篇文章主要介绍了一些简单的果树和灌木的种植方法。作者提到，只需要一些盆土和加热设备，就可以种植许多果树和灌木。在修剪季节，你可以从朋友那里免费得到一些插条，最终拥有一个自制的果园。文章列举了几种容易生根的植物，包括葡萄、无花果、兔眼蓝莓和醋栗。这些植物大多数都能自己生根，种植起来非常简单。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】B、A、B、C【解析】

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段"WalterandhisteamattheAmericanHoneyBeeProtectionAgencyrescuehivesfromplacesthatareunwanted—insidethewallsofahouseor30feetupinaneighborhoodtree，andrelocatethehiveswherethebeescangrowandpollinate（授粉）inpeace."（Walter和他的团队总是在一些不太受欢迎的地方（如房屋的墙壁里或者邻居家的树上）拯救蜜蜂）推知，他的工作是艰难的。A.Interesting有趣的；B.Tough艰难的；C.Tiring疲倦的；D.Simple简单的。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段AccordingtoWalter，everythirdbiteoffoodweeatwaspollinatedbybees；withoutthem，lifewouldceaseexisting.（根据沃尔特的说法，我们吃的食物中有三分之一是由蜜蜂授粉的；没有它们，生命将不复存在）推知，Walter觉得蜜蜂是重要的。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Butafterlosingeverythinginthepastthreeyears，Walterwantstorebuildhishoneybusinesssothathecanaffordtorescueunwantedhives."（但在过去三年里失去了一切之后，沃尔特想重建他的蜂蜜业务，这样他就有能力拯救不需要的蜂箱。）可知，Walter想重建他的蜂蜜生意，以便拯救更多的蜜蜂。故选B。

（4）段落主旨题。最后一段Savingbeesisabigaffair.Willrunsthebusiness，tryingtokeephisdadorganized；WalterteacheshisyoungersonsBodhiandOdintheskillsofkeepingbees，andWill'swifeMeredithisexperiencingherfirstbeerescue.WalteralsoinvitesbeetechnicianJonathanwhoseeksinnercalmbyrescuingbeesandscaffolding（脚手架）proSandy，whocanreachangrybeesinplacesladderscan'tanddreamsoftalkingtobeesherself."（拯救蜜蜂是一件大事。威尔经营着生意，试图让他的父亲井井有条；沃尔特教他的小儿子菩提和奥丁养蜂的技能，威尔的妻子梅雷迪思正在经历她的第一次蜜蜂救援。沃尔特还邀请了蜜蜂技术人员乔纳森，他通过拯救蜜蜂和脚手架专业人士桑迪来寻求内心的平静，桑迪可以在梯子无法到达的地方到达愤怒的蜜蜂，并梦想着自己与蜜蜂交谈。）可知，本段主要讲述了Walter及其家人为拯救蜜蜂而做出的努力。故选C。

本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Walter及其家人为拯救蜜蜂而做出的努力。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】C、C、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段But

according

to

a

new

survey，just

one

in

three

18-to

25-year-olds

are

able

to

do

basic

DIY，compared

to

two-thirds

of

those

aged

58

and

over.（但一项新的调查显示，18岁至25岁的年轻人中，只有三分之一的人能做基本的DIY，而58岁及以上的人中有三分之二能。）可知关于年轻一代，文中提到他们中的许多人缺乏一些基本技能。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段The

benefits

in

continuing

to

enjoy

life，as

well

as

developing

new

talents

are

very

significant—both

physically

and

mentally

as

we

grow

older.（随着年龄的增长，继续享受生活以及发展新的才能的好处是非常重要的——无论是身体上还是精神上。）可知作者在第3段暗示了活到老，学到老。故选C。

（3）段落大意题。根据第四段Neuroscientist

and

author，Dr

Julia

Jones，said，

"We

underestimate

our

brain's

ability

to

continue

learning.Our

brain

is

the

most

complex

and

precise

structure

in

the

known

universe

but

we

only

use

a

small

part

of

its

true

potential

throughout

our

lifetimes.To

boost

continued

brain

health，we

should

learn

complex

and

novel

skills

at

all

ages.This

becomes

more

important

as

we

age，because

these

learning

experiences

help

to

build

new

connections

between

neurons（神经细胞）

that

maintain

intelligence

and

reduce

the

risk

of

future

brain

decline."（神经学家兼作家茱莉亚•琼斯博士说："我们低估了大脑继续学习的能力。我们的大脑是已知宇宙中最复杂、最精确的结构，但在我们的一生中，我们只使用了它真正潜力的一小部分。为了促进大脑的持续健康，我们应该在各个年龄段学习复杂和新颖的技能。随着年龄的增长，这一点变得更加重要，因为这些学习经历有助于在神经元之间建立新的联系，从而保持智力，降低未来大脑衰退的风险。"）可知第四段主要讲的是充分利用大脑的原因。故选B。

（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段Dr

Jones

added，

"Find

a

new

hobby

and

throw

yourself

into

a

wonderful

learning

experience

or

pick

up

an

old

pastime

and

improve

those

skills.I'm

currently

learning

to

play

the

guitar

and

it's

opened

up

a

whole

new

world

of

music

and

fun."（琼斯博士补充说："找到一个新的爱好，把自己投入到一个美妙的学习经历中，或者重新开始一个旧的消遣，提高这些技能。"我现在正在学习弹吉他，它为我打开了一个全新的音乐和乐趣的世界。"）可知琼斯博士对学习乐器的态度是支持的。故选A。

这篇短文主要讲述了一项新调查发现，只有三分之一的18至25岁的年轻人能够进行基本的DIY，而58岁及以上的人中有三分之二能够做到。调查结果表明，年轻人普遍认为学习新技能变得"困难"的年龄是35岁，而58岁以上的人则认为是63岁。然而，事实上，学习新技能和获得成就感之间并不存在明确的界限。继续享受生活和发展新才能对身体和心理都有非常重要的益处。神经科学家和作家朱莉娅•琼斯博士表示，我们低估了大脑继续学习的能力。为了提高大脑的持续健康，我们应该在各个年龄阶段学习复杂和新颖的技能。学习语言和乐器被认为能够提高神经可塑性，但所有的学习都是有益的，可以带来成就感、目标感和社交参与。琼斯博士还建议人们找到一项新的爱好，投入到一个美妙的学习体验中，或者重新拾起一个旧的爱好，提高那些技能。她自己正在学习弹吉他，这让她打开了一个全新的音乐和乐趣的世界。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

12~15.【答案】C、B、D、C【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第二段The

experts

point

to

animals

such

as

the

dwarf

elephant

that

once

lived

on

the

Mediterranean

island

of

Cyprus.The

animal

is

now

extinct.When

it

lived

，however，it

was

only

the

size

of

a

small

horse.Elephants

that

live

today

in

Africa

and

Asia

are

much

larger

than

that.In

the

West

Indies，researchers

found

a

giant

rodent（啮齿动物）

that

looked

like

a

rat.However，it

was

about

the

same

size

as

an

American

black

bear.Rats

are，of

course，many

times

smaller

than

bears.（专家们指出，曾经生活在地中海塞浦路斯岛上的侏儒象等动物。这种动物现在已经灭绝了。然而，当它活着的时候，它只有一匹小马那么大。今天生活在非洲和亚洲的大象比那要大得多。在西印度群岛，研究人员发现了一种看起来像老鼠的巨型啮齿动物。然而，它和美国黑熊差不多大。当然，老鼠比熊小很多倍。）以及第三段Evolutionary

experts

came

to

call

this

phenomenon

"island

effect".（进化专家称这种现象为"岛屿效应"。）可知在第二段中介绍动物是为了引出"岛屿效应"。故选C。

（2）词义指代题。根据划线词所在的句子They

used

this

term

to

describe

the

fact

that

animals

who

normally

have

small

bodies"upsize"

on

an

island，while

the

opposite

is

true

for

animals

who

usually

have

large

bodies.（他们用这个词来形容通常体型较小的动物在岛上"放大"的事实，而通常体型较大的动物则相反。）可知划线词指的是岛上正常体型大的动物身体小。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段

The"island

effect"produces

strange-sized

animals

because

large

animals

require

more

food

than

small

animals.On

an

island，there

is

a

limited

amount

of

food.As

a

result，larger

animals

become

smaller

over

generations

in

order

to

survive

with

lower

food

intake.For

small

animals，there

is

not

as

much

risk

from

predators

（捕食性动物）

on

an

island，so

they

often

grow

larger.（"岛屿效应"产生了体型奇怪的动物，因为大型动物比小型动物需要更多的食物。在岛上，食物是有限的。结果，大型动物一代一代变小，以减少食物摄取量。对于小动物来说，在岛上没有那么大的危险，所以它们通常会长得更大。）可知"岛屿效应"指的是动物为了适应岛屿的生活而发生的变化。所以"D.The

fittest

animals

survive

in

natural

selection.最适合的动物在自然选择中生存。"正确。故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文可知这篇短文主要讲了生物学家对岛屿上发展的动物的研究。在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移发生了变化，并且与生活在大陆上的同一物种看起来非常不同。专家们指出了一些例子，比如曾经生活在地中海塞浦路斯岛上的侏儒象，这种动物现已灭绝。然而，在它生存的时候，它只有一匹小马的大小。而今天生活在非洲和亚洲的大象要比它大得多。在西印度群岛，研究人员发现了一种巨型啮齿动物，看起来像一只老鼠。然而，它的大小与美洲黑熊差不多。所以"C.Unique

Island

Animals

at

Greater

Changes变化较大的独特岛屿动物"为最佳标题。故选C。

这篇短文主要讲了生物学家对岛屿上发展的动物的研究。在某些情况下，岛屿上的动物随着时间的推移发生了变化，并且与生活在大陆上的同一物种看起来非常不同。专家们指出了一些例子，比如曾经生活在地中海塞浦路斯岛上的侏儒象，这种动物现已灭绝。然而，在它生存的时候，它只有一匹小马的大小。而今天生活在非洲和亚洲的大象要比它大得多。在西印度群岛，研究人员发现了一种巨型啮齿动物，看起来像一只老鼠。然而，它的大小与美洲黑熊差不多。老鼠当然比熊小得多。进化专家称这种现象为"岛屿效应"。他们用这个术语来描述通常体型较小的动物在岛上"变大"，而通常体型较大的动物则相反。这种"岛屿效应"产生了奇怪大小的动物，因为大型动物需要比小型动物更多的食物。在岛上，食物是有限的。因此，大型动物在几代人中变得更小，以便在食物摄入较低的情况下生存。对于小型动物来说，在岛上没有那么多来自捕食者的风险，所以它们通常会长得更大。最近，研究人员公布了他们对1231种现存动物和350种已灭绝动物的研究结果，这些动物代表了2300万年的生命。他们发现，与大陆上的亲属相比，岛上的动物更容易灭绝。人类定居者的到来增加了这些奇怪动物的灭绝风险。德国哈雷-维滕贝格马丁•路德大学的古生态学家罗伯托•罗齐表示，近几十年来，灭绝线变得更加尖锐。研究人员称这些岛屿为"生物多样性热点"。尽管它们只占地球陆地面积的7%，但它们占据了20%的陆地物种。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

16~20.【答案】G、F、A、B、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据前文的Therearesomanygreatreasonstoruninthemorning.（早上跑步有很多很好的理由。）可知，此处指出晨跑的好处，后文应该指出具体的好处。G选项It'sagreatwaytowakeupandwatchtheworldawakenwithyou（这是一个很好的醒来方式，看着世界和你一起醒来）符合语境。故选G。

（2）推理判断题。根据前文Teachyourselfgoodsleephabits（养成良好的睡眠习惯）可知，此处指出的是养成良好睡眠习惯的几个小建议。F选项Avoidcoffeeoralcoholthreehoursbeforebedtime（睡前三小时不要喝咖啡或酒精）符合语境。故选F。

（3）标题选择题。根据前文Ifyoureallywanttogetajumpstartandfindmotivationassoonasyouopenyoureyes，simplywearyourrunningclothestobed.（如果你真的想一睁眼就开始跑步，找到动力，那就穿上跑步服上床睡觉吧。）可知，此处指出的是穿着跑步服上床睡觉可以让你有跑步的动力。A选项Sleepinyourrunningclothes（穿着跑步服睡觉）符合语境。故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据前文Ifyou'restrugglingtogetup，placethealarmclockacrosstheroomsothatyouhavetogetoutofbedtoturnitoff.（如果你挣扎着起床，把闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它。）可知，此处指出挣扎着起床，把闹钟放在房间的另一边，这样你就必须起床才能关掉它，后文应该承接的是由此带来的后果。B选项Thenyouarelesslikelytofallbackasleep（这样你就不太可能再睡着了。）符合语境。故选B。

（5）推理判断题。根据本段段旨Eatsmart（聪明地吃）指出，此处指出，在晨跑时，要注意吃东西这方面的事项。C选项Itisnevergoodtorunonanemptystomach（空着肚子跑步从来都不好。）符合语境。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个晨跑的小