restful服务端及客户端开发

Restful服务端及客户端调用实例新建web工程作为服务端?创建服务端代码前情提示:GET（SELECT）：从服务器取出资源（一项或多项）。POST（CREATE）：在服务器新建一个资源。PUT（UPDATE）：在服务器更新资源（客户端提供改变后的完整资源）。PATCH（UPDATE）：在服务器更新资源（客户端提供改变的属性）。DELETE（DELETE）：从服务器删除资源。2.服务端代码（每个方法前有注释，包括单参数，多参数，post，get方式的例子）/****@authorpavithra**///这里@Path定义了类的层次路径。//指定了资源类提供服务的URI路径。@Path("UserInfoService")publicclassUserInfo{//@GET表示方法会处理HTTPGET请求@GET//这里@Path定义了类的层次路径。指定了资源类提供服务的URI路径。@Path("/name/{i}")//@Produces定义了资源类方法会生成的媒体类型。@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_XML)//@PathParam向@Path定义的表达式注入URI参数值。publicStringuserName(@PathParam("i")Stringi){Stringname=i;return"<User>"+"<Name>"+name+"</Name>"+"</User>";}@GET//这里@Path定义了类的层次路径。指定了资源类提供服务的URI路径。@Path("/userinfo/{id}")//@Produces定义了资源类方法会生成的媒体类型//@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//传json@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//@PathParam向@Path定义的表达式注入URI参数值。publicStringuserJson(@PathParam("id")Stringid){ //JSONObjectjobj=JSONObject.fromObject(id); //id=jobj.getString("id");return"{\"name\":\"hanzl\",\"age\":1,\"id\":"+"\""+id+"\"}";}//多参数测试@POST//这里@Path定义了类的层次路径。指定了资源类提供服务的URI路径。@Path("/user2info")//@Produces定义了资源类方法会生成的媒体类型//@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//传json//多参数配置@Consumes({MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA,MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//返回json//@PathParam向@Path定义的表达式注入URI参数值。publicStringuser2Json(@FormParam("id")Stringid,@FormParam("name")Stringname){return"{\"name\":"+"\""+name+"\""+",\"age\":1,\"id\":"+"\""+id+"\"}";}//多参数测试参数为json@POST//这里@Path定义了类的层次路径。指定了资源类提供服务的URI路径。@Path("/user3info")//@Produces定义了资源类方法会生成的媒体类型//@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//传json//多参数配置@Consumes({MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA,MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//返回json//@PathParam向@Path定义的表达式注入URI参数值。publicStringuser3Json(@FormParam("id")Stringid){return"{\"name\":\"hanzl\",\"age\":1,\"id\":"+"\""+id+"\"}";}@GET@Path("/age/{j}")@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_XML)publicStringuserAge(@PathParam("j")intj){intage=j;return"<User>"+"<Age>"+age+"</Age>"+"</User>";}}3.配置服务端web.xml（restful接口发布地址）在web.xml中加入如下配置<servlet><servlet-name>JerseyRESTService</servlet-name><servlet-class></servlet-class><init-param><param-name></param-name></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>JerseyRESTService</servlet-name><url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>4.编写客户端代码4.1新建java工程来进行服务端的第一次调用：/****@authorpavithra**/publicclassUserInfoClient{publicstaticfinalStringPATH_NAME="/UserInfoService/name/";publicstaticfinalStringPATH_AGE="/UserInfoService/age/";publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){Stringname="Pavithra";intage=25;ClientConfigconfig=newDefaultClientConfig();Clientclient=Client.create(config);WebResourceresource=client.resource(BASE_URI);WebResourcenameResource=resource.path("rest").path(PATH_NAME+name);+getClientResponse(nameResource));WebResourceageResource=resource.path("rest").path(PATH_AGE+age);+getClientResponse(ageResource));}/***返回客户端请求。例如：GET*返回请求结果状态“200OK”。**@paramservice*@return*/privatestaticStringgetClientResponse(WebResourceresource){returnresource.accept(MediaType.TEXT_XML).get(ClientResponse.class).toString();}/***返回请求结果XML例如：<User><Name>Pavithra</Name></User>**@paramservice*@return*/privatestaticStringgetResponse(WebResourceresource){returnresource.accept(MediaType.TEXT_XML).get(String.class);}}调用结果：4.2get方式还可以直接从浏览器直接调用浏览器调用：以上这些都是单纯的get方式提交的数据可使用5.客户端调用我这有两种方式HttpURLConnection,HttpClient两种5.1HttpURLConnection调用restful接口代码如下：/*****测试get请求方式，请求数据为单个参数,返回结果为json*get方法提交*返回数据json*/publicclassJavaNetURLRESTFulClient{ //post方式 publicstaticStringpostDownloadJson(Stringpath,Stringpost){ URLurl=null;//接口的地址//请求的参数 post="id=\"{\"id\":\"11\"}\""; try{ url=newURL(path); HttpURLConnectionhttpURLConnection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");//提交模式 //conn.setConnectTimeout(10000);//连接超时单位毫秒 //conn.setReadTimeout(2000);//读取超时单位毫秒 //发送POST请求必须设置如下两行 httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true); httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true); //httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8"); //获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流 PrintWriterprintWriter=newPrintWriter(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream()); //发送请求参数 printWriter.write(post);//post的参数xx=xx&yy=yy //flush输出流的缓冲 printWriter.flush(); //开始获取数据 BufferedInputStreambis=newBufferedInputStream(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()); ByteArrayOutputStreambos=newByteArrayOutputStream(); intlen; byte[]arr=newbyte[1024]; while((len=bis.read(arr))!=-1){ bos.write(arr,0,len); bos.flush(); } bos.close(); returnbos.toString("utf-8"); }catch(Exceptione){ e.printStackTrace(); } returnnull; }publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){try{ Stringid="123"; targetURL+=id;URLrestServiceURL=newURL(targetURL);HttpURLConnectionhttpConnection=(HttpURLConnection)restServiceURL.openConnection();httpConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");//返回xml//httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/plain;charset=utf-8");//返回jsonhttpConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept","application/json");if(httpConnection.getResponseCode()!=200){thrownewRuntimeException("HTTPGETRequestFailedwithErrorcode:"+httpConnection.getResponseCode());}BufferedReaderresponseBuffer=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader((httpConnection.getInputStream())));Stringoutput;while((output=responseBuffer.readLine())!=null){}//解析jsonhttpConnection.disconnect();}catch(MalformedURLExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}catch(IOExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}} //postDownloadJson(null,null);}5.2HttpClient调用restful接口（post&get方式）代码如下：publicclassRestClient{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){HttpClientclient=newHttpClient();//POST方法GetMethodgetmethod=newGetMethod(urlget);PostMethodmethod=newPostMethod(urlpost);NameValuePair[]data={newNameValuePair("id","{\"id\":\"11\"}")};method.setRequestBody(data);try{intstatusCode=client.executeMethod(method);if(statusCode==200){ //StringstrJson=method.getResponseBodyAsString();BufferedReaderreader=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(method.getResponseBodyAsStream()));StringBufferstringBuffer=newStringBuffer();Stringstr="";while((str=reader.readLine())!=null){stringBuffer.append(str);}Stringts=stringBuffer.toString();}}catch(HttpExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}catch(IOExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}//执行get方法try{intstatusCode=client.executeMethod(getmethod);if(statusCode==200){StringstrJson=getmethod.getResponseBodyAsString();}}catch(HttpExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}catch(IOExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}}}5.3HttpURLConnection调用restful接口（post，多参数）服务端方法配置：//多参数测试@POST//这里@Path定义了类的层次路径。指定了资源类提供服务的URI路径。@Path("/user2info")//@Produces定义了资源类方法会生成的媒体类型//@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//传json//多参数配置@Consumes({MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA,MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//返回json//@PathParam向@Path定义的表达式注入URI参数值。publicStringuser2Json(@FormParam("id")Stringid,@FormParam("name")Stringname){ System.out.println(id); System.out.println(name);return"{\"name\":"+"\""+name+"\""+",\"age\":1,\"id\":"+"\""+id+"\"}";}客户端调用：代码/****@authorHanlong*多参数配置*请求数据为为多个参数*返回结果是Json*放在body体里*Post方法提交*/publicclassTest2paras{ //post方式 publicstaticStringpostDownloadJson(Stringpath,Stringpost){ URLurl=null; post="{\"id\":\"11\"}\""; Stringpost1="id=1&name=hanzl"; try{ url=newURL(path); HttpURLConnectionhttpURLConnection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");//提交模式 //conn.setConnectTimeout(10000);//连接超时单位毫秒 //conn.setReadTimeout(2000);//读取超时单位毫秒 //发送POST请求必须设置如下两行 httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true); httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true); //httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8"); //获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流 PrintWriterprintWriter=newPrintWriter(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream()); //发送请求参数 printWriter.write(post1);//post的参数xx=xx&yy=yy //flush输出流的缓冲 printWriter.flush(); //开始获取数据 BufferedInputStreambis=newBufferedInputStream(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()); ByteArrayOutputStreambos=newByteArrayOutputStream(); intlen; byte[]arr=newbyte[1024]; while((len=bis.read(arr))!=-1){ bos.write(arr,0,len); bos.flush(); } bos.close(); returnbos.toString("utf-8"); }catch(Exceptione){ e.printStackTrace(); } returnnull; }publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){}}5.4HttpURLConnection调用restful接口（post，参数为json，返回参数为json）服务端//多参数测试参数为json@POST//这里@Path定义了类的层次路径。指定了资源类提供服务的URI路径。@Path("/user3info")//@Produces定义了资源类方法会生成的媒体类型//@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//传json//多参数配置@Consumes({MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA,MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED})@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//返回json//@PathParam向@Path定义的表达式注入URI参数值。publicStringuser3Json(@FormParam("id")Stringid){ System.out.println(id);return"{\"name\":\"hanzl\",\"age\":1,\"id\":"+"\""+id+"\"}";}客户端代码/****@authorHanlong*多参数配置*请求数据json*返回结果是Json*Post方法提交*/publicclassTestJsonparams{ //post方式 publicstaticStringpostDownloadJson(Stringpath,Stringpost){ URLurl=null; post="id={\"id\":\"11\"}\""; Stringpost1=post; try{ url=newURL(path); HttpURLConnect