2013年英语四级真题听力音频

schoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery(抽签)，suchasH-BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonoflargeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsofstudentsallmarchingtothesameband.HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423—amongthetop2%inthecountry—onNewsweek’sannualrankingofAmerica’stophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingClassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefull,Newsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.AlthoughmanyofHillsdale’sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname()“Hillsjail.”JeffGilbert.AHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofagraduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,“Howdidthatstudentgraduate?”Soin2003Hillsdaleremadeitselfintothree“houses,”romanticallynamedFlorence,MarrakechandKyoto.Eachofthe300arrivingninthgradersarerandomly(随机地)assignedtooneofthehouses.Wheretheywillkeepthesamefourcoresubjectteachersfortwoyears,beforemovingontoanotherfor11thand12thgrades.Theclosenessthissystemcultivatesisreindbytheinstitutionof“advisory”classesTeachersmeetwithstudentsingroupsof25,fivemorningsaweek,foropen-endeddiscussionsofeverythingfromproblemstobadSaturday-nightdates.Theadvisersalsomeetwithstudentsprivayandstayintouchwithparents,sotheyaredeeplyinvestedinthestudentssuccess.“We’reconstantlytalkingaboutoneanother’sadvisers,”saysEnglishteacherChrisCt.“Ifyouhearthatyoursisn’tngwellinmath,orseethemsittingoutsidethedean’soffice,it’slikeaalfailure.”Alongwiththenewstructurecameamoredemandingacademicprogramthepercentageoffreshmentakingbiologyjumpedfrom1795.“Itwasroughforsome.Butbysenioryear,two-thirdshavemoveduptophysics,”saysGilbert“Ourkidsarecomingtoschoolinpartbecausetheyknowthereareadultsherewhoknowthemandcareforthem.”Butnotallschoolsshowadvancesafterdownsizing,anditremainstobeseenwhethersmallerschoolswillbeacure-allsolution.TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-levelexams.Overtheyearsthissystemhascomeinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:it’seasyforreaderstounderstand,andtodothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsifthey’dlike.Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents(地区教育主管)fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfromthecalculation.“Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsare‘thebest’inthenation,”theirletterread.inpart.“Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdoordon’tofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmandifferentmeasures,includingstudents’overall plishmentsandsubsequentperformanceincollege.AndtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheirIntheend,thesuperintendentsagreedtoprovidethedatawesought,whichis,afterall,publicinformation.Thereis,inourview,norealdisputehere,weareallseekingthesamething,whichisschoolsthatbetterserveourchildrenandournationbyencouragingstudentstotackletoughsubjectsundertheguidanceofgiftedteachers.Andifwekeepworkingtowardthatgoal,someday,perhapsalistwon’tbenecessary.Fiftyyearsago.big.Modern.Suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehope ensuringnochildisleftincreasingeconomicimprovingstudents’performanceonSATD)providinggoodeducationforbabyboomersWhathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools?A)Teachers’workloadincreased.B)Students’performancedeclined.C)Administrationbecamecentralized.D)StudentsfocusedmoreontestWhatissaidabouttheschoolsfordedbytheBillandMelindaGatesTheyareusuallymagnetTheyareoftenlocatedinpoorTheyarepopularwithhigh-achievingTheyaremostlysmallinWhatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschoolSomelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerAgreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanManyschoolscompetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationStudentshavetomeethigheracademicNewsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingtotheirstudents’academicthenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtothesizeandnumberoftheirgraduatingtheircollege-leveltestWhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdale’sstudentsinthelateTheyweremadetostudyhardlikeTheycalledeachotherbyunaffectionateMostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofTheirschoolperformancewasgettingAccordingtoJeffGilbert,the“advisory”classesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould.ltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekendsB)experienceagreatdealofpleasureinlearningmaintaincloserrelationshipswiththeirtacklethedemandingbiologyandphysicsisstillconsideredastrengthofNewsweek’sschoolrankingsysteminspiteofthecriticismitreceives Accordingtothe38superintendents,torankschoolsscientifically,itisnecessaryto Tobetterservethechildrenandournation,schoolsstudentsto PartⅢListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:inthissectionyouwillhear8shortconversations,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA)B)C)andD)anddecidewhichisthebestanswerThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.A)TryingtosketchamapC)DiscussingahouseB)Paintingthediningroom.D)CleaningtheA)SheistiredofthefoodintheSheofteneatsinaFrenchSheusuallytakesasnackintheSheinveryfussyaboutwhatsheA)ListeningtosomeloudmusicC)Talkingloudlyonthe B)Preparingforasoralexamination.D)Practicingforaspeechcontest.A)ThemanhasleftagoodimpressiononherThemancandresscasuallyfortheThemanshouldbuyhimselfanewTheman’snsandT-shirtsareA)Greypantsmadefrompurecotton.C)100%cottonpantsindarkB)Fashionablepantsinbrightcolors.D)SomethingtomatchherbrownA)Itsprice.C)ItsB)ItslocationD)ItsA)Traveloverseas.C)TakeaB)Lookforanewjob.D)AdoptaA)Itisaroutineoffer.C)ItisquiteB)Itisnewonthe.D)ItisagoodQuestions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouA)HostinganeveningTVprogram.C)LecturingonbusinessB)Havingherbicyclerepaired.D)ConductingamarketA)Herepairedbicycles.C)HeworkedasaB)Heservedasaconsultant.D)HecoachedinaracingA)HewantedtobehisownHefounditmoreHedidn’twanttostartfromHedidn’twanttobeintoomuchA)Theyworkfivedaysaweek.C)TheyarepaidbytheB)Theyarealltheman’sfriends.D)TheyallenjoyQuestions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)IthasgraduallygivenwaytoserviceItremainsamajorpartofindustrialIthasahistoryaslongaspaperItaccountsfor80percentoftheregion’sA)Transportproblems.C)LackofB)Shortageoffunding.D)poorA)Competitionfromrivalcompanies.C)PossiblelocationsforanewB)Productpromotionns.D)MeasurestocreatejobSectionDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.BoththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonceAfteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheysharedmutualfriendsinTheyhadknowneachothersinceTheysharedmanyextracurricularTheyhadmanyinterestsinA)Atalocalclub.B)AtthesportsB)AtJoe’shouse.D)AtthebearingA)DurablefriendshipscanbeverydifficulttoOnehastoberespectfulofotherpeopleinordertowinItishardforpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds eSocialdivisionswillbreakdownifpeoplegettoknoweachPassageQuestions29to31arebasedasthepassageyouhavejustA)Neartheentranceofapark.C)AtaparkingB)Inhisbuilding’sparkinglotD)AtastreetA)IthadbeentakenbytheC)InhadbeenstolenbyB)ithadkeenmovedtothenextblock.D)ithadbeenparkedatawrongA)AttheGreenvillecenter.C)InaneighboringB)Atapublicparkinglot.D)InathecityPassageQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.32.A)Famouscreativeindividuals.C)AmajorscientificB)Themysteriousnessofcreativity.D)Creativityasshownin33.A)Itissomethingpeopleallengagein.C)ItstartssoonafterweareB)Ithelpspeopleacquireknowledge.D)Itisthesourceofallic34.A)Creativeimagination.C)NaturalB)LogicalreasoningD)Critical35.A)Itisbeyondordinarypeople.C)ItispartofeverydayB)Itisyettobefullyunderstood.D)ItisauniquehumanSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanksyoucanotherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritethemainpointsinyourarewords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Studentshavebeencominingmoreandmoreaboutstolenproperty.Radios,cellphones,bicycles,pocket(36),andbookshaveallbeenreportedstolen.Arethereenoughcampustodothejob?Thereare20officersintheCampusSecurityDivisionTheirjobisto(37)crime,accidentslostandfound(38),andtrafficproblemsoncampus.Morethanhalfoftheirtimeisspentdirectingtrafficandwritingparkingtickets.(39)promptlytoaccidentsandother(40)isimportant,butitistheirsmallestjob.Dealingwithcrimetakesuptherestoftheirtime.Very(41)doanyviolentcrimesactually(42).Inthelastfiveyearstherehavebeenno(43).sevenrobberiesandabout60otherviolentattacks,mostoftheseinvolvingfightsatparties.Ontheotherhand,(44),whichusuallyinvolvesbreakingwindowsorlightsorwritingonwalls.Thetheftsarenotthecarefullynnedburglaries(入室)thatyouseeinmovies.(45) Dowereallyneedmore?Hiringmorecampuswouldcostmoney,possiblymakingourtuitiongoupPartⅣReadingComprehension(Readingindepth)(25minntes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.YouarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawardbankReadthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoicesEachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachthemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingOneinsix.Believeitornot,that’sthenumberofAmericanswhostrugglewithhangerTomaketomorrowalittlebetter,FeedingActionMonth.Aspartofits30Waysin30Daysprogram,It’sasking48acrossthecountrytohelpthemorethan200foodbanksand61,000agenciesinitsnetworkprovide eindividualsandfamilieswiththefueltheyneedto49.It’sthekindofworkthat’sdoneeverydayatStAndrew’sEpiscopalChurchinSanAntonio,Peoplewho50atitsfrontdooronthefirstandthirdThursdaysofeachmontharen’tlookingforGod-they’rethereforsomethingtoeat,St.Andrew’srunsafoodpantry(食品堂)that51thecityandseveralofthe52towns.JanetDraneisitsmanager.Inthewakeofthe53.thenumberoffamiliesinneedoffoodassistancebegantogrow.Itis54that49millionAmericansareunsureofwheretheywillfindtheirnextmealWhat’smostsurprisingisthat36%ofthemlivein55whereatleastoneadultisworking.“Itusedtobethatonejobwasallyouneeded.”saysSt.Andrew’sDrane.“Thepeopleweseenowhavethreeorpart-timejobsandthey’restillrightontheedge56survivesurroundingservesreviewedreportedM)communitiesF)recessionN)circlingG)householdsO)accumulateSectionDirections:thereare2passagesinthissection.EachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatementsForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheer2withasinglelinethroughthePassageQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingIntimesofeconomiccrisis.Americansturntotheirfamiliesforsupport.IftheGreatDepressionisanyguide,wemayseeadropinourskyhighdivorcerate.Butthiswon’tnecessarilyrepresent.anincreaseinhappymarriages.Inthelongrun,theDepressionweakenedAmericanfamilies,andthecurrentcrisiswillprobablydothesame.WetendtothinkoftheDepressionasatimewhenfamiliespulledtogethertosurvivehugejoblosses,By1932.whennearlyone-quarteroftheworkwasunemployed,thedivorceratehaddeclinedbyaround25%from1929Butthisdoesn’tmeanpeopleweresuddenlyhappierwiththeirmarriages.Rather,with esdecreasingandinsecurejobs,unhappycouplesoftencouldn’taffordtodivorce.Theyfearedneitherspousecouldmanagealone.Today,giventhejoblossesofthepastyear,fewerunhappycoupleswillriskstartingseparatehouseholds,Furthermore,thehousingmarketmeownwillmakeitmoredifficultforthemtofinancetheirseparationsbysellingtheirhomes.Afterfinancialdisastersfamilymembersalsotendtodowhatevertheycantohelpeachotherandtheircommunities,A1940book.TheUnemployedManandHisFamily,describedafamilyinwhichthehusbandinitiallyreactedtolosinghisjob“withtirelesssearchforwork.”Hewasalwaysactive,lookingforoddjobstodo.TheproblemisthatsuchanimpulseishardtosustainAcrossthecountry,manysimilarfamilieswereunabletomaintaintheinitialboostinmorale(士气).Forsome,thehardshipsoflifewithoutsteadyworkeventuallyoverwhelmedtheirattemptstokeeptheirfamiliestogether.Thedivorcerateroseagainduringtherestofthedecadeastherecoverytookhold.MillionsofAmericanfamiliesmaynowbeintheinitialstageoftheirresponsestothecurrentcrisis,workingtogetherandsupportingoneanotherthroughtheearlymonthsofunemployment.Today’seconomiccrisiscouldwellgenerateasimilarnumberofcoupleswhoserelationshipshavebeenirreparably(无法弥补地)ruined.Soit’sonlywhentheeconomyishealthyagainthatwe’llbegintoseejusthowmanybrokenfamilieshavebeencreated.Intheinitialstage,thecurrenteconomiccrisisislikelyto tearmanytroubledfamiliesapartB)contributetoenduringfamilytiesbringaboutadropinthedivorcecausealot sintheIntheGreatDepressionmanyunhappycouplesclosetosticktogetherstartinganewfamilywouldbetheyexpectedthingswouldturntheywantedtobetterprotecttheirliving ywouldbetooInadditiontojoblosses.WhatstandsinthewayofunhappycouplesgettingaMountingfamilyAsenseofinsecurityC)DifficultyingettingaloanD)FallinghousingWhatwillthecurrenteconomiccrisiseventuallydotosomemarriedItwillthemtopulltheireffortsItwillunderminetheirmutualItwillhelpstrengthentheiremotionalItwillirreparablydamagetheirWhatcanbeinferredfromthelastTheeconomicrecoverywillseeahigherdivorceFewcouplescanstandthetestofeconomicAstablefamilyisthebestprotectionagainstMoneyisthefoundationofmanyahappyPassageQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingPeoplearebeinglured(引诱)ontowiththepromiseofafun,servicewithoutrealizingthey’repayingforitbygivinguptoadsof alinformation.thenattemptstomakemoneybysellingtheirdatatoadvertisersthatwanttosendtargetedmessages. usersdon’trealizethisishappening.Eveniftheyknowwhatthe upto,theystillhavenoideawhatthey’repayingforFacebookbecausepeopledon’treallyknowwhattheiraldataisworth.Thebiggestproblem,however,isthatthe keepschangingtherulesEarlyonyoukeepeverythingprivate.Thatwasthegreatthingabout youcouldcreateownlittleprivatenetwork.Lastyear.The changeditsprivacyrulessothatmanythingsyoucity.Yourphoto,yourfriends’names-wereset,bydefault(默认)tobesharedwitheveryoneontheAccordingto ’svice-ElliotSchrage,the issimplymakingchangestoimproveitsservice,andifpeopledon’tshareinformationTheyhavea“lesssatisfyingSomecriticsthinkthisismoreabout lookingtomakemoremoney.Inoriginalbusinessmodel,whichinvolvedsellingadsandputtingthenAtthesideofthepagestotallyWhowantstotookatadswhenthey’reonlineconnectingwiththeirfriends?Theprivacyissuehasalreadylanded inhotwaterinWashington.InApril.SenatorCharlesSchumercalledon tochangeitsprivacy.HealsourgedtheFederalTradeCommissiontosetguidelinesforsocial-networkingsites.“Ithinkthesenatorrightlycommunicatedthatwehadnotbeenclearaboutwhatthenewproductswereandhowpeoplecouldchoosetousethemornottousethem,”Schrageadmits.Ithatwhateverhasdonesofartoinvadeourprivacy,it’sonlythebeginning.WhichiswhyI’mconsideringdeactivating(撤销)myaccount.isahandysite,butI’mupsetbytheideathatmyinformationisinthehandsofpeopleIdon’tThat’stoohighapricetopay.WhatdowelearnaboutfromthefirstItisawebsitethatsendsmessagestotargetedItmakesmoneybyputtingonItprofitsbysellingits alItprovidesloadsofinformationtoitsWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutmostTheyarereluctanttogiveup alTheydon’tknow aldataenrichesTheydon’tidentifythemselveswhenusingtheTheycareverylittleabout alWhydoesmakechangestoitsrulesaccordingtoElliotTorenderbetterservicetoitsToconformtotheFederalToimproveitsusers’ToexpanditsscopeofWhydoesSenatorCharlesSchumerSettingguidelinesforadvertisingonBanningthesharingofusers’alinformation.C)Formulatingregulationsforsocial-networkingsites.D)Removingadsfromallsocial-networkingWhydoestheauthorntocancel HeisdissatisfiedwithitscurrentHefindsmanyofitsusersHedoesn’twanthisaldataHeisupsetbyitsfrequentrulePartVCloze(15Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Becauseanddisagreementsarepartofallcloserelationships,couple