实用翻译每周作业第四周

TranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoThesource①TeachersinactionOneofthestatedaimsofTeachersinAction--andonewhichIconsidercrucialinpromotingteacherlearning--is'tohelpteacherstoselectrelevantgoalsfor,managetheprocessof,andevaluate,theirlearningandprofessionaldevelopment'.①Theterm'evaluate'meansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople,sothefollowingdefinitionhighlightstheprincipalpurposesthatevaluationhasinthisbook②:'tocollectinformationsystematicallyinordertoindicatetheworthormeritofaprogrammeorproject...andtoinformdecisionmaking'(WeirandRoberts,1994:4).Collectinginformationinthissenserequirestrainerstoprovidetimeandmentalspaceonatrainingprogramme,aswellasdemandingagreatdealofmentaleffortfromtheteachers.Forthis,theywillneedtostepbackfromwhatishappeningonabusyprogramme④inordertotakestockofitorpausetothinkaboutalltheaspectsbeforedecidingwhattodonext(althoughnaturallythisisnotallthatisinvolvedinmakingsense).Iftrainersdonotprovideteacherswithopportunitiestoevaluatetheirlearningonaprogrammeinthewayoutlinedabove,theyruntheriskofbombardingthemwithtoomuchmaterialforthemtoabletomakesenseofit,orseeconnectionsbetweenitscomponents.⑤Inthisrespect,fromtheofatrainer,Iwouldprefertoconcentrateon,say,seventopicsonaprogrammeratherthansqueezinginten,butconsequentlybeabletoincludeinthetimetableplentyofopportunitiesfortheteacherstoevaluateanylearningfromtheseventopics.TeachersinAction这本书的写作目的，就是“为了估”二字对于不同人来说，意义有所不同，下面的定义突出强调了本书之中“评估”的主要E1的②：点…从而为决策提供信息。”（Weirand 来考量各方面的情（这当然只是把项E1放缓的原因心学习七个话题，而不是慌忙地突击十个话题，这样句改为《教师在行动》的是“帮②这句不通顺的话让读者费解，此处可③翻译腔太重，可删掉逗号，译为“给“⑤此句式可稍作调整，改为“这样教师ThefirstsixtasksinChapter5providedifferentwaysofhelteacherstoevaluatetheirlearningwhileaprogrammeisinprogress,bothindividuallyandcollectively,whileTasks5.7and5.8encourageteacherstosharetheirlearningwithothers.Allthetaskshavetheirownspecificaimsandhelptoindicatetoteachersandtrainersthemeritofaprogramme,buttheyalsodeliberayhelptoinformdecision-making,whichcouldtakeoneofthefollowingforms:Helteachersandtrainerstodecidewhattodonextonaprogramme.Forexample,theymaybeencouragedtoidentifyaspecifictopicforfurtherinvestigation(seeFigure5.1).Theymayalsoselectspecific,relevant,effectivelearningstrategiesfortherestoftheprogramme,orindeedforafterit.⑥Whileevaluatinglearning,trainers(andteachers)gainaccesstoparticipants'detailed,fascinatingandsometimessurprisinginsightsregardingaprogramme,aswellastotheidiosyncratic,uniqueatmospheresurroundingit⑦(see,forexample,thedataforTasks5.3and5.5,reproducedinSections6.34and6.36respectively).Suchinformationalsohelpstrainerstoconsiderandtakedecisionsconcerningspecificmodificationstothecontentandmethodologyoffuturetrainingprogrammes.Furthermore,andperhapsmostsignificantly,'ifteachersthemselvesareactivelyinvolvedinevaluatingtheirlearningasinthetasksinChapter5,thereisgreatgeneralexperientiallearningpotentialforthemasaresult,asassertedbyWeirandRoberts(1994:7-8):self-directedformativeevaluationisaformofteacherdevelopment,arguablyoneofthemosteffectiveformsifdoneconsistently,collaborativelyThebenefitsforteachersofinvolvementself-directedformativeevaluationareconsiderable,includingastheydoadeepeninganddevelopmentofteachers'perceptionsofclassroom图表5.1TeachersinAction—书中“探究过定具体的话题（5.16.346.36。这种目所涉及的内容和采用的教学方法，做出具体的改⑥“beencouragedto”不必直译为“他⑦各分句破碎累赘，翻译腔较重，可修developmentsinpractice,improvedprofessionaldialoguewithpeers,andimprovedskillsandconfidenceinexploringandpresentingissuesofprofessionalconcern.⑧Iftrainersencourageteacherstotakestockinthewaysdescribedhere,thenIbelievethattheyarealso,inasense,settingagoodexampletotheteacherspresentingeducating,teachingandlearningasanopen,flexible,constantlychangingprocess.Soonefurtheraimofthetasksinthischapteristoprovideteacherswithanopportunitytoexperiencetheevaluationoflearningfirsthandandtoconsiderpossibleapplicationstotheirownprofessionalpracticeinschools.Onefinalwordofwarning:trainersshouldusetheevaluationtasksinbook,orotherslikethem,sensitivelyandjudiciously,soparticipantsdonotsuffertoomuchfromwhatmightbecalledevaluation-itis.⑨Task5.1Hasthistaskhelpedme/ustolearn?BACKGROUNDFORTHETRAINER5,ThistaskincludesWorksheet42onp.Thistaskhelpsteacherstoreflectsystematicallyontheeffectivenessoftheirlearningonatrainingprogramme.ItisdesignedforusebyindividualsandgroupsofteachersaftertheyhavebeeninvolvedinanothertaskoractivityTeachersinAction,orindeedanotherdevisedbyaWeirRoberts（1994：7-对于课堂的感知能力，发展教课能力，与业务的能力，以及在教学中发掘并提出问题的技巧⑧该句多处搭配不当，例如“发展教课能力“与业务能力”都不符合汉“增进业务能力”,整体可修改为“培训过程中进行自我评估能让教师受益匪浅——它能提升教师对课堂活动的感能力及教学能力，增进间在业务层面的与交流，还能让教师在教学过程中有⑨“最后……提出警告”不符合语表达习惯，可改为“值得注意的是”，“避toencourageteacherstoevaluateataskbyreflectingaboutwhether,how,orwhatithashelpedthemtolearntohelpteacherstoidentifyfurthertopicsforinvestigatingAllowatleast20minutesforthisExinthatyouwanttheteacherstoevaluatethetaskoractivitythatthegrouphasbeeninvolvedin.Ifappropriate,youmaybrieflyrefertoaquotation(s)fromtheIntroductiontothischapteronthepurposeofevaluation,toexinwhyyouthinkthisisimportant.Forexample,theaimofthistaskis'tocollectinformationsystematicallyinordertoindicatetheworthormeritofaprogrammeorproject...'.Theoriginalaim(s)fortheactualtaskoractivityinquestionwillprovidealogicalstartingpointfortheevaluation.Referteacherstotheaimasstatedinthebook,andwriteitontheblackboard⑩.FollowtheinstructionsonWorksheet42.Theteacherscompletetheworksheetfroma --eitherathomeorinthetrainingsession.Allowapproximay10minutesforthis.Whentheteachershavecompletedtheirworksheet,askthemtoinpairstocomparetheirresponses,allowingaboutfiveminutesforNote:insteadofusingalltheWhentheteachershavecompletedtheirworksheet,askthemtoinpairstocomparetheirresponses,allowingaboutfiveminutesfor⑾Note:optionally,anddependingonthetimeavailable,youmayask

424.1当教师完成表单之后，要求他们两人一组对比

⑩本段落的语句太过口语化，且有大量多“目的是为了”等等。而且有语序不当现象，例如“它的目的……写在黑板上”就存在不符合汉语表达习惯和语句不连贯的现象，它们能为项目评估提供逻辑依据。教师可参考本书相关内容设定活动目的，并写在5teacherstogiveyouthecompletedworksheetstotakeawayandread,⑿allowingyoutorespondtotheminwritinginthespaceprovidedontheworksheet.⑿Inasubsequentsession,returnthemtotheteachersandproceedassuggestedbelow.Itisalsoimportanttoagreeonwhattodowiththeworksheetsbeforetheteacherscompletethem.⒀4.2Withtheaimofhelteacherstoidentifyfurthertopicsforinvestigating,inwhole-groupmodediscusstheirresponsestotheworksheetquestions--eachofwhich